Hydrogen fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell system. The hydrogen fuel cell system comprises an electric pile device, an air guide device and a hydrogen storage bottle, the electric pile device is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the air guide device comprises a fan cover, a fan and a mounting shell arranged in the fan cover, the fan cover covers the air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the fan cover, an air inlet of the fan is communicated with the first air duct, a second air duct is arranged in the mounting shell, and the second air duct is communicated with the air outlet of the fan. The mounting shell is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are respectively communicated with the second air duct, an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the gas inlet, the gas outlet is communicated with the outside of the fan cover, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in the second air duct; air flow flowing out of the air outlet enters the first air channel and then can be fed into the second air channel through the draught fan. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the power generation efficiency and the thermal management performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of the continuous improvement of environmental awareness and global energy transformation, electric bicycles, as representatives of green travel, have important significance in research and development and promotion. At present, the electric bicycle market mainly relies on lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries as power sources. As an innovative, pollution-free energy storage device, hydrogen fuel cells directly generate electricity through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, have the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, rapid filling, etc., and provide a new development direction for the power system of electric bicycles.

[0003] Although hydrogen fuel cells have many advantages, however, the hydrogen fuel cells in the related art still have the problem of low utilization efficiency of hydrogen. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] To solve or partially solve the problems in the related art, the present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system which can improve the utilization efficiency of hydrogen.

[0005] The present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising: a stack device, an air guide device and a hydrogen storage bottle;

[0006] The stack device has an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0007] The air guide device comprises a wind shield, a fan and a mounting shell arranged in the wind shield, the wind shield is arranged on the air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the wind shield, the air inlet of the fan is in communication with the first air duct, a second air duct is arranged in the mounting shell, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the mounting shell and are in communication with the second air duct, the air outlet of the fan is in communication with the air inlet, the air outlet is in communication with the outside of the wind shield, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in the second air duct;

[0008] The air flow flowing out of the air outlet can be sent into the second air duct by the fan after entering the first air duct.

[0009] Further, the mounting shell has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, the air inlet is located at the first end, the air outlet is located at the second end, the first end is located in the wind shield, and the second end is connected with the side wall of the wind shield;

[0010] The mounting shell and the air outlet extend in the transverse direction, and the mounting shell and the air outlet are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] Further, a first gap is formed between the outer sidewall of the mounting shell and the inner sidewall of the air cover, so that the airflow flowing out of the air outlet can flow from the side of the mounting shell facing the air outlet to the side of the mounting shell away from the air outlet.

[0012] Further, the fan is located at the air inlet, and an air inlet of the fan is located in the first air duct, and the air inlet of the fan faces the side away from the air inlet.

[0013] Further, the outer sidewall of the mounting shell is in an arc shape; and / or

[0014] The mounting shell is in a hollow cylindrical shape.

[0015] Further, a second gap for airflow is formed between the outer sidewall of the hydrogen storage bottle and the inner sidewall of the mounting shell.

[0016] Further, the inner sidewall of the mounting shell is provided with a plurality of support ribs extending in the axial direction of the hydrogen storage bottle, and the plurality of support ribs are arranged in a circumferential direction.

[0017] Further, the mounting shell and the air cover are in an integral molding structure; and / or

[0018] One side of the air cover is provided with a mounting groove, and the fan is arranged in the mounting groove.

[0019] Further, the stack device is further provided with a hydrogen inlet, and the hydrogen inlet is in communication with the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0020] Further, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the fan.

[0021] The technical scheme provided by the present application can have the following beneficial effects: the gas heated by the stack device flows into the first air duct through the air outlet, and then the fan sends the gas in the first air duct into the second air duct, and then the gas is discharged through the exhaust port. On the one hand, this can take away the heat generated by the stack device during operation and ensure the stable operation of the stack device. On the other hand, the heat generated by the stack device can be used to heat the hydrogen storage bottle. When the gas flows in the first air duct and the second air duct, heat exchange occurs, so that heat is transferred to the hydrogen storage bottle in the second air duct. In this way, heat is recycled, which not only improves the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, but also significantly reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, realizes efficient use of energy, and improves the power generation efficiency and thermal management performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0022] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen fuel cell system shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell system shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell system shown.

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view along section line AA;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A sectional view along the BB section line.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1-Cell stack assembly, 11-Inlet, 12-Outlet, 13-Membrane electrode assembly, 14-Housing;

[0032] 2-Air guide device, 21-Air cover, 211-Mounting groove, 22-Fan, 23-Mounting shell, 231-Air inlet, 232-Exhaust outlet, 233-First end, 234-Second end, 235-Supporting rib;

[0033] 3- Hydrogen storage cylinder;

[0034] 4-First air duct;

[0035] 5-Second air duct;

[0036] 6-First gap;

[0037] 7-Second gap. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Although embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0039] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. can be used in this application to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0041] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1 to 6 The present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, which comprises a stack device 1, an air guide device 2 and a hydrogen storage bottle 3.

[0044] The stack device 1 has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12, and a membrane electrode assembly 13 is arranged in the stack device 1, the membrane electrode assembly 13 is used to convert hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy through an electrochemical reaction, and a conventional membrane electrode assembly 13 can be used in the embodiment. Air enters the stack device 1 through the air inlet 11 to provide oxygen required for the reaction of the membrane electrode assembly 13, and the gas is discharged from the stack device 1 through the air outlet 12 after passing through the membrane electrode assembly 13. The stack device 1 has a shell 14, the membrane electrode assembly 13 is arranged in the shell 14, the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 are arranged on opposite sides of the shell 14, and the membrane electrode assembly 13 is arranged between the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12.

[0045] The air guide device 2 includes a fan cover 21, a fan 22, and a mounting shell 23 arranged in the fan cover 21, the fan cover 21 is arranged on the air outlet 12, a first air duct 4 is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell 23 and the inner wall of the fan cover 21, the gas discharged from the air outlet 12 enters the first air duct 4, the air inlet of the fan 22 is communicated with the first air duct 4, the second air duct 5 is arranged in the mounting shell 23, the air inlet 231 and the air outlet 232 which are communicated with the second air duct 5 are arranged on the mounting shell 23, the air outlet of the fan 22 is communicated with the air inlet 231, the air outlet 232 is communicated with the outside of the fan cover 21, and the hydrogen storage bottle 3 is arranged in the second air duct 5.

[0046] The gas flow discharged from the air outlet 12 enters the first air duct 4 and can be sent into the second air duct 5 by the fan 22, and the gas is discharged to the outside of the fan cover 21 through the air outlet 232 after passing through the second air duct 5.

[0047] The gas heated after the reaction of the stack device 1 flows into the first air duct 4 from the air outlet 12, and then the gas in the first air duct 4 is sent into the second air duct 5 by the fan 22 and is discharged through the air outlet 232, which can not only take away the heat generated by the stack device 1 during operation and ensure the stable operation of the stack device 1, but also heat the hydrogen storage bottle 3 by using the heat generated by the stack device 1. When the gas flows in the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 5, heat exchange occurs to transfer heat to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 in the second air duct 5, thereby realizing the recycling of heat, improving the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of the system, realizing the efficient use of energy, and improving the power generation efficiency and thermal management performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0048] Specifically, when the gas passes through the first air duct 4, heat can be transferred to the mounting shell 23, and the mounting shell 23 can transfer heat to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 after being heated. When the gas passes through the second air duct 5, the gas can contact the outer wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3, and thus heat can be transferred to the hydrogen storage bottle 3 again. In the hydrogen fuel cell system, the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 has multiple functions such as improving hydrogen transmission efficiency, optimizing reaction kinetics, and ensuring system stability. In the embodiment of the present application, the heat generated by the reaction of the stack device 1 is used to heat the hydrogen storage bottle 3, thereby reducing the need for additional heating devices, improving the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system.

[0049] In some embodiments, the fan 22 can adopt a turbofan. The fan 22 can generate high wind pressure airflow, which not only provides the necessary oxygen for the reaction of the stack device 1, but also effectively carries away the heat generated by the stack device 1 during operation, ensuring the stable operation of the stack device 1, maintaining its power output, helping to keep the stack device 1 within the optimal working temperature range, preventing overheating, and prolonging the service life of the stack device 1. By controlling the power of the fan 22, the air intake of the stack device 1 can be controlled, and the dynamic response capability of the stack device 1 can be enhanced, so that the fuel cell can quickly adjust under different working loads, thereby further reducing energy consumption and improving the overall performance of the system.

[0050] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 The mounting shell 23 has a first end 233 and a second end 234 arranged opposite to each other, the gas inlet 231 is located at the first end 233, and the gas outlet 232 is located at the second end 234. The first end 233 is located in the air duct 21, and the second end 234 is connected with the side wall of the air duct 21. The mounting shell 23 and the gas outlet 12 both extend in the transverse direction, and the mounting shell 23 is arranged opposite to the gas outlet 12. In this way, the gas discharged from the gas outlet 12 can have a large contact area with the mounting shell 23 in the transverse direction, thereby improving the heat exchange performance between the gas flow and the outer wall of the mounting shell 23.

[0051] Specifically, the second end 234 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the air duct 21, and the gas outlet 232 forms an opening in the side wall of the air duct 21. When the hydrogen storage bottle 3 is installed or removed, the hydrogen storage bottle 3 can be installed into or removed from the mounting shell 23 through the gas outlet 232. The diameter of the gas outlet 232 is greater than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage bottle 3. The hydrogen storage bottle 3 is also arranged in the transverse direction and can be coaxially arranged with the second air duct 5. The bottle body of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 is substantially completely located in the second air duct 5.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the outer side wall of the mounting shell 23 has a first gap 6 with the inner side wall of the air cover 21, so that the gas flow from the gas outlet 12 can flow from the side of the mounting shell 23 facing the gas outlet 12 to the side of the mounting shell 23 away from the gas outlet 12.

[0053] Specifically, referring to Figure 6 , the gas outlet 12 is located on the right side of the mounting shell 23, and the outer side wall of the mounting shell 23 has a first gap 6 with the upper and lower inner side walls of the air cover 21, the gas flows from the gas outlet 12 to the left towards the mounting shell 23, and continues to move along the outer side wall of the mounting shell 23 when it flows to the mounting shell 23, and can move to the left side of the mounting shell 23 through the first gap 6, which can effectively guide the gas flow and ensure more uniform distribution of the gas to the mounting shell 23, thereby improving the heat exchange performance. At the same time, this structure can effectively guide the gas flow and ensure uniform distribution of oxygen to each part of the fuel cell, thereby improving the utilization rate of oxygen and the cooling efficiency of the battery.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 , the fan 22 is located at the air inlet 231, the air inlet of the fan 22 is located in the first air duct 4, and the air inlet of the fan 22 faces away from the air inlet 11. Specifically, the gas outlet 12 is located below the mounting shell 23 in the illustration, and the gas flowing from the gas outlet 12 moves upwards and moves from the first gap 6 on both sides of the mounting shell 23 to the upper side of the mounting shell 23, and then moves to the left until it enters the air inlet of the fan 22, which is upwardly arranged, and then the fan 22 enters the second air duct 5 from the air inlet 231 and moves to the right until it is discharged from the air outlet 232. This can provide a longer gas flow path in a limited space, which is very important for hydrogen fuel cell systems that need to achieve gas heat dissipation, hydrogen storage bottle 3 heating and uniform gas distribution in a small volume, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the fuel cell system.

[0055] In some embodiments, the fan 22 can also be arranged at other positions, for example, arranged on the side wall of the air cover 21 facing away from the air inlet 11, i.e. arranged at Figure 5 the lower end of the air cover 21, and the air outlet of the fan 22 can be communicated with the air inlet 231 through a pipeline.

[0056] In some embodiments, the outer side wall of the mounting shell 23 is arc-shaped, so that the gas can move along the outer side wall of the mounting shell 23 in an arc shape. This shape can reduce the turbulence and vortex of the gas flow, making the gas flow more stable, and helping to reduce the pressure loss of the gas flow in the air duct, because the flow of fluid in a curve is more stable, reducing the energy loss caused by turbulence, which can help better manage the temperature of the gas flow and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the mounting shell 23 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner cavity of the mounting shell 23 is the second air duct 5.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second gap 7 is provided between the outer side wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 and the inner side wall of the mounting shell 23, and the gas flow passes through the second gap 7 when flowing in the second air duct, so as to transfer heat to the outer side wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 and heat the hydrogen storage bottle 3.

[0059] In some embodiments, the inner side wall of the mounting shell 23 is provided with a plurality of support ribs 235 extending in the axial direction of the hydrogen storage bottle 3, and the plurality of support ribs 235 are circumferentially spaced apart. The support ribs 235 are used to support the hydrogen storage bottle 3, and the outer side wall of the hydrogen storage bottle 3 and the inner side wall of the mounting shell 23 have a gap therebetween, thereby forming the second gap 7.

[0060] In some embodiments, the mounting shell 23 and the fan cover 21 are integrally formed, and specifically, the mounting shell 23 and the fan cover 21 are formed by plastic injection molding.

[0061] In some embodiments, the fan cover 21 is provided with a mounting groove 211 on one side, and the fan 22 is arranged in the mounting groove 211. The fan 22 can be mounted on the fan cover 21 through the mounting groove 211, and part of the fan 22 can protrude out of the mounting groove 211, so as to facilitate the taking and placing of the fan 22 from the mounting groove 211.

[0062] In some embodiments, the stack device 1 is further provided with a hydrogen inlet, and the hydrogen inlet is in communication with the hydrogen storage bottle 3. The hydrogen storage bottle 3 provides hydrogen to the stack device 1 through the hydrogen inlet.

[0063] In some embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell system can increase the number of cell pieces (single cells) in the membrane electrode assembly 13 to increase the voltage, reduce the width of the electrode plate to speed up the reaction, and reduce the thickness of the electrode plate to reduce the overall volume of the entire machine, thereby improving the energy density, reaction speed, and reducing the overall volume to meet the demand for high performance and miniaturization of modern energy equipment.

[0064] Increasing the number of cell pieces (single cells) in the stack can directly increase the output voltage of the entire stack. This is because each cell piece will generate a certain voltage, and the voltage will add up after the cell pieces are connected in series. Higher voltage can reduce the current demand, thereby reducing transmission loss and improving the overall efficiency of the system. Reducing the width of the electrode plate can reduce the transmission distance of electrons on the electrode plate, thereby reducing resistance and speeding up the transmission speed of electrons. Reducing the thickness of the electrode plate can significantly reduce the overall volume of the stack device 1, which is particularly important for portable devices and space-limited applications.

[0065] In some embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a controller electrically connected with the fan 22, and the controller is configured to control the output power of the fan 22, thereby controlling the air flow into the stack device 1.

[0066] The hydrogen fuel cell system of the embodiments of the present application can be used in an electric vehicle. In this case, the controller can be further connected with a speed control component of the electric vehicle, which can be a hand-operated or foot-operated accelerator. The user can control the driving speed by operating the speed control component. The controller can receive the signal of the speed control component and control the output power of the fan 22 according to the signal of the speed control component. For example, when the user accelerates by the speed control component, the controller increases the output power of the fan 22 according to the signal of the acceleration, thereby increasing the air flow of the air inlet 11 and achieving transient response. The electric vehicle can be a two-wheeled, three-wheeled or four-wheeled electric vehicle, etc.

[0067] The solutions of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments. It should also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the actions and modules involved in the description are not necessarily required by the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application can be adjusted in sequence, combined and deleted according to actual needs, and the modules in the device of the embodiments of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.

[0068] The above has described various embodiments of the present application, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical application or improvement of technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell system comprises: a stack device, a wind guide device and a hydrogen storage bottle; the stack device has an air inlet and an air outlet; the wind guide device comprises a wind cover, a fan and a mounting shell arranged in the wind cover, the wind cover is arranged on the air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the outer wall of the mounting shell and the inner wall of the wind cover, the air inlet of the fan communicates with the first air duct, a second air duct is arranged in the mounting shell, an air inlet and an air outlet which respectively communicate with the second air duct are arranged on the mounting shell, the air outlet of the fan communicates with the air inlet, the air outlet communicates with the outside of the wind cover, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in the second air duct; the air flow discharged from the air outlet can be sent into the second air duct by the fan after entering the first air duct.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the mounting shell has a first end and a second end arranged oppositely, the air inlet is located at the first end, the air outlet is located at the second end, the first end is located in the wind cover, and the second end is connected with the side wall of the wind cover; the mounting shell and the air outlet extend in the transverse direction, and the mounting shell and the air outlet are arranged oppositely.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: a first gap is formed between the outer side wall of the mounting shell and the inner side wall of the wind cover, so that the air flow discharged from the air outlet can flow from the side of the mounting shell facing the air outlet to the side of the mounting shell away from the air outlet.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein: the fan is located at the air inlet, the air inlet of the fan is located in the first air duct, and the air inlet of the fan faces away from the air inlet.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein: the outer side wall of the mounting shell is in an arc shape; and / or the mounting shell is in a hollow column shape.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: a second gap for air flow is formed between the outer side wall of the hydrogen storage bottle and the inner side wall of the mounting shell.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein: a plurality of support ribs extending in the axial direction of the hydrogen storage bottle are arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting shell, and the plurality of support ribs are arranged in a circumferential direction.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the mounting shell and the wind cover are in an integral molding structure; and / or an installation groove is arranged on one side of the wind cover, and the fan is arranged in the installation groove.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the stack device further comprises a hydrogen inlet, and the hydrogen inlet communicates with the hydrogen storage bottle.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a controller, which is electrically connected with the fan.

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