Waste lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system
The low-temperature pyrolysis system, consisting of a spray rotary drum, a belt dryer, and a low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln, solves the problems of incomplete high-temperature pyrolysis and toxic gas emissions, achieving efficient and safe recycling of waste lithium batteries.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520314986.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-26
AI Technical Summary
In the current process of recycling waste lithium batteries, high-temperature pyrolysis leads to incomplete pyrolysis, which affects the quality of recycled black powder and poses safety hazards and toxic gas emissions.
The low-temperature pyrolysis system, consisting of a spray rotary drum, a belt dryer, and a low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln, separates the binder and diaphragm by spraying organic solvents, completes the pyrolysis of the electrolyte in a low-temperature environment, and achieves continuous material processing by combining vacuum filtration and tail gas treatment systems.
It improves recycling efficiency, reduces energy consumption, reduces toxic gas emissions, lowers the difficulty of exhaust gas treatment, and improves the quality and safety of recycled materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN223743729U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to waste lithium battery recycling technical field, concretely relates to a waste lithium battery low temperature pyrolysis system. BACKGROUND
[0002] Waste lithium battery mainly has positive material, negative material, current collector, electrolyte, diaphragm etc., usually adopts pyrolysis method in the process of recycling resources, and the existing waste lithium battery recycling pyrolysis is to remove the binder, electrolyte, diaphragm etc. in the electrode material by high-temperature heat treatment method to recycle and utilize the electrode material. The waste lithium battery recycling pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages, the first stage is the volatilization and decomposition of organic solvents such as electrolyte, mainly occurs in the 50-250 DEG C interval, the second stage is the decomposition of diaphragm, mainly occurs in the 300-400 DEG C interval, and the third stage is the decomposition of binder PVDF, mainly occurs in the 400-700 DEG C interval.
[0003] The existing pyrolysis method treats waste lithium battery material, and the binder, electrolyte, diaphragm etc. in the battery material are not separated and treated with the electrode material in the treatment process, which can cause the pyrolysis process to be insufficient, affect the quality of the recovered black powder. Moreover, the pyrolysis process needs to be completed under high-temperature conditions, and the high-temperature pyrolysis can cause safety problems, and if not controlled properly, can cause the danger of combustion and explosion in the pyrolysis process, on the other hand, the binder, diaphragm etc. in the waste lithium battery can produce a large amount of fluorine-containing toxic gas and dioxin in the pyrolysis process, increase the difficulty of tail gas treatment, and cause harm to human health and atmospheric environment. SUMMARY
[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model patent designs a waste lithium battery low temperature pyrolysis system to solve the problems of large energy consumption, large tail gas treatment difficulty and insufficient pyrolysis affecting the quality of recovered black powder in the existing waste lithium battery recycling process.
[0005] The utility model employs the technical scheme that the waste lithium battery low temperature pyrolysis system includes the spray rotary cylinder, the belt drying device and the low temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln that set gradually, be provided with a plurality of spray heads in the spray rotary cylinder, the spray head passes through the pressurized pump pipeline connection solvent tank, the discharge end of spray rotary cylinder is docked the feeding end of belt drying device, the discharge end of belt drying device is docked the feeding end of low temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln.
[0006] Further, the belt drying device is provided with a driving motor, two roller shafts and a conveyor belt, a vacuum disc is arranged between the two roller shafts, the conveyor belt is filter cloth, the vacuum disc is tightly attached to the lower side of the material carrying section of the conveyor belt, and the bottom end of the vacuum disc is connected to a solvent recovery device through a gas-liquid separator.
[0007] Further, the feeding end of the spray rotating cylinder is provided with a feeding mechanism, a plurality of spray heads are uniformly arranged in the spray rotating cylinder along the axial direction, and the spray heads are located on the lower side of the axis of the spray rotating cylinder as a whole, and the spray nozzles of the spray heads are upwardly arranged.
[0008] Further, the inner wall of the spray rotating cylinder is staggered with a plurality of material lifting plates.
[0009] Further, the discharge end of the spray rotating cylinder is rotationally connected with a discharge cover, the top of the box body of the belt drying device is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port, the feeding port is located on the upper side of the front part of the conveying belt, and the discharge port is located on the lower side of the rear end of the conveying belt, the two ends of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln are respectively rotationally connected with a feeding cover and a discharge cover, and the feeding port and the discharge port of the belt drying device are respectively connected with the discharge end of the spray rotating cylinder and the feeding end of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln through the material sliding pipes.
[0010] Further, the inner wall of the kiln body of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a plurality of material lifting plates.
[0011] Further, the feeding cover end face pipeline of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln is connected with a nitrogen source, and the top of the discharge cover is provided with a gas outlet connected with a tail gas treatment system.
[0012] Further, the solvent recovery device is connected with a solvent tank through a circulating pump pipeline.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the progress of the low-temperature pyrolysis system for waste lithium batteries of the utility model patent lies in that the low-temperature pyrolysis system for waste lithium batteries of the utility model patent is composed of a spray rotating cylinder, a belt drying device and a low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln, the three parts are connected in series, and the continuous treatment of the waste lithium battery recycling materials can be realized, and the production efficiency is high; the spray rotating cylinder is used for spraying mixed organic solvents to the recycling materials, the organic solvents are used for dissolving the binder and the diaphragm in the waste lithium battery materials, the binder and the diaphragm are separated from the positive and negative electrode materials, the dissolved liquid and the solvent in the materials are filtered and recovered through the belt drying device, and the waste lithium battery materials entering the low-temperature rotary kiln only need to complete the pyrolysis and volatilization of the electrolyte in a low-temperature environment, without a high-temperature environment, the pyrolysis process can significantly reduce the system energy consumption, and the generation of toxic and harmful gases is avoided, the difficulty of tail gas treatment is reduced, and the environment is friendly; the belt drying device adopts a vacuum disc to perform suction filtration and drying on the materials on the conveying belt, the efficiency is high, the organic solvents can be fully recovered and utilized, and the production cost is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the low-temperature pyrolysis system for waste lithium batteries.
[0015] In the figure, 1 is a spraying rotary drum, 2 is a belt drying device, 3 is a low-temperature pyrolysis kiln, 4 is a solvent tank, 11 is a spraying head, 12 is a pressurized pump pipeline, 13 is a material lifting plate, 14 is a material conveying mechanism, 21 is a conveying belt, 22 is a roller shaft, 23 is a vacuum disc, 24 is a solvent recovery device, 25 is a circulating pump pipeline, 31 is a material lifting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model is clearly and completely described, and the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present application, but not all. Based on the embodiment of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0017] As Figure 1 shown, the utility model discloses a kind of embodiment of waste lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system, and the waste lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system in this embodiment includes spraying rotary drum 1, belt drying device 2 and low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 arranged in sequence, the discharge end of spraying rotary drum 1 is connected to the feed end of belt drying device 2, and the discharge end of belt drying device 2 is connected to the feed end of low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln 3.
[0018] Spraying rotary drum 1 is a rotary drum structure, and a power mechanism, such as a supporting roller, a driving motor and a transmission gear ring, is arranged on the outer side of the drum body of spraying rotary drum 1 to drive the drum body to rotate. The drum body is inclined to ensure that the internal material can be transported from front to back with the rotation of the drum body. The front end of the drum body is the feed end, and a feed port is arranged on the end face for setting a material conveying mechanism 14 to convey material into the drum body through the material conveying mechanism 14. Organic solvent spraying devices are arranged in the drum body along the axial direction, including a plurality of spraying heads 11. The plurality of spraying heads 11 are connected in series by pipelines, uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the drum body, arranged near the lower side of the axial center of the drum body, and connected to a solvent tank 4 through a pressurized pump pipeline 12. The plurality of spraying heads 11 are all arranged with upwardly facing nozzles. A plurality of material lifting plates 13 are arranged on the inner side of the drum wall in a staggered and uniform manner. The rear end of the drum body is the discharge end, and a discharge cover is rotatably connected to the discharge end. The discharge cover is connected to the feed end of the belt drying device 2 through a material sliding pipe at the bottom end discharge port.
[0019] The belt drying device 2 is a box structure, and a conveying belt 21 and two rollers 22 are arranged in the box structure, one of the rollers 22 is connected with a driving mechanism, the conveying belt 21 is formed of filter cloth, a vacuum disc 23 is fixed between the two rollers 22, the vacuum disc 23 is arranged close to the bottom surface of the material carrying side of the conveying belt 21 and can perform filtration on the conveying belt 21 passing through the vacuum disc 23. The vacuum disc 23 is connected with an organic solvent recovery device 24 through a gas-liquid separator, the organic solvent recovery device 24 is connected with a solvent tank 4 through a circulating pump pipeline 25, and the circulation of the organic solvent is realized. The box body of the belt drying device 2 is provided with an inlet on the top side of the front part and an outlet on the bottom side of the rear part, the inlet is located on the upper side of the front part of the conveying belt 21, the bottom end of the material sliding pipe of the outlet end of the spraying rotary cylinder 1 passes through the inlet and directly delivers the material to the conveying belt 21, the outlet is located on the lower side of the rear end of the conveying belt 21, and the material subjected to filtration and drying can be directly delivered out of the outlet, and the outlet is also connected with the inlet of the low-temperature pyrolysis kiln 3 through the material sliding pipe.
[0020] The low-temperature pyrolysis kiln 3 adopts an existing rotary kiln device, and the kiln body is rotatably connected with an inlet cover and an outlet cover at the front end and the rear end respectively, the inlet cover is provided with an inlet on the top, is connected with the material sliding pipe of the outlet end of the belt drying device 2, and is provided with an air inlet at the end and is connected with a nitrogen source through a pipeline. The outlet cover is provided with an exhaust port on the top and is connected with a tail gas treatment system, and is provided with a discharging port at the bottom and is used for discharging the material after pyrolysis. A plurality of material lifting plates 31 are arranged on the inner wall of the kiln body.
[0021] When the low-temperature pyrolysis system for waste lithium batteries is applied, the waste lithium battery material from the upstream enters the spraying rotary cylinder 1 through the feeding mechanism, under the rotation of the cylinder body, the material moves from the inlet end to the outlet end, the polar organic solvent from the solvent tank 4 is sprayed from the nozzle 11 after being pressurized, is uniformly sprayed on the waste lithium battery material, and is lifted and scattered on the material by the lifting plate 13 on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the organic solvent can gradually dissolve the binder and the diaphragm in the electrode material, so that the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material and the current collector are effectively separated, the waste lithium battery material treated by the spraying rotary cylinder 1 enters the vacuum belt drying device 2, the device adopts the mode of vacuumizing to remove the organic solvent in the waste lithium battery material, the material is driven forward under the action of the conveying belt, the vacuum disc is arranged below the conveying belt and can effectively remove the organic solvent in the material, the organic solvent enters the solvent recovery device 5, is treated, is sent into the organic solvent tank 4 through the circulating pump, the material subjected to filtration and drying enters the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 for further pyrolysis, the pyrolysis temperature is 250 DEG C, the electrolyte and the residual polar organic solvent in the material can be volatilized, the material is loose by the rotation of the cylinder body and the lifting of the material lifting plate 31, the electrode material and the current collector are effectively separated, enter the next process, and the tail gas generated by pyrolysis enters the tail gas treatment system through the exhaust port.
[0022] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application, that is, any simple equivalent changes or modifications made according to the claims and the description of the present application shall still fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A low-temperature pyrolysis system for waste lithium batteries, characterized in that, The low-temperature pyrolysis system of the waste lithium battery comprises a spraying rotary drum, a belt drying device and a low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln arranged in sequence.
2. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The belt drying device is provided with a driving motor, two roller shafts and a conveying belt, a vacuum disc is arranged between the two roller shafts, the conveying belt is filter cloth, the vacuum disc is tightly attached to the lower side of the material carrying section of the conveying belt, and the bottom end of the vacuum disc is connected with the solvent recovery device through a gas-liquid separator.
3. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding end of the spraying rotary drum is provided with a feeding mechanism, a plurality of spray heads are uniformly arranged in the spraying rotary drum along the axial direction and are located on the lower side of the axis of the spraying rotary drum, and the spray ports of the spray heads are upwardly arranged.
4. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the spraying rotary drum is staggered with a plurality of material lifting plates.
5. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 4, characterized in that, The discharging end of the spraying rotary drum is rotationally connected with a discharging cover, the box body of the belt drying device is provided with a feeding port at the top and a discharging port at the bottom, the feeding port is located on the upper side of the front part of the conveying belt, the discharging port is located on the lower side of the rear end of the conveying belt, the two ends of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln are respectively rotationally connected with a feeding cover and a discharging cover, and the feeding port and the discharging port of the belt drying device are respectively connected with the discharging end of the spraying rotary drum and the feeding end of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln through material sliding pipes.
6. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the kiln body of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a plurality of material lifting plates.
7. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feeding cover of the low-temperature pyrolysis rotary kiln is connected with a nitrogen source through a pipeline, and the top of the discharging cover is provided with a gas outlet connected with an exhaust treatment system.
8. The system for pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries at low temperature according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solvent recovery device is connected with the solvent tank through a circulating pump pipeline.