Battery device, energy storage device and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery equipment, and discloses a battery device, an energy storage device and electric equipment. The battery device comprises a battery box body which forms an assembly space; the plurality of single batteries are arranged in the assembly space, and each single battery comprises a pressure relief structure; the composite layer component is attached to the inner wall of the battery box body, the pressure relief structure and the composite layer component are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode, the composite layer component comprises a heat absorption layer, and the heat absorption layer is used for absorbing at least part of heat of smoke sprayed by the pressure relief structure. By applying the technical scheme, the problem of chain thermal runaway caused by the fact that high-temperature flue gas jetted by the battery monomer in thermal runaway in the battery device is reflected to the adjacent battery monomer is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of battery devices, and particularly relates to a battery device, an energy storage device and an electric equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a battery device generally comprises a plurality of battery monomers, which are assembled in series, in parallel or in a hybrid manner in a battery box of the battery device. With the continuous increase in the volume energy density of the battery device, the exhaust space between the top wall of the battery monomer provided with a pressure relief structure and the corresponding inner wall of the battery box is continuously reduced on the basis of ensuring smooth exhaust. When one of the battery monomers occurs thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is sprayed onto the corresponding inner wall of the battery box, and the inner wall of the battery box reflects the high-temperature flue gas to the top wall of the adjacent battery monomer which does not occur thermal runaway. Then, the heat of the reflected high-temperature flue gas is transferred to the electrode assembly on the adjacent battery monomer which does not occur thermal runaway, causing the separator of the electrode assembly to shrink excessively, and then causing internal short circuit of the electrode assembly, heat generation of the electrode assembly with internal short circuit, and finally causing the battery monomer to also occur thermal runaway. Such a chain development eventually leads to uncontrollable thermal runaway of all the battery monomers of the battery device. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a battery device, an energy storage device and an electric equipment, which solve the problem of the reflected high-temperature flue gas of the battery monomer with thermal runaway causing chain thermal runaway.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the application, a battery device is provided, comprising:

[0005] a battery box forming an assembly space;

[0006] a plurality of battery monomers arranged in the assembly space, the battery monomer comprising a pressure relief structure;

[0007] a composite layer member attached to the inner wall of one side wall of the battery box, the pressure relief structure and the composite layer member being spaced apart and oppositely arranged, the composite layer member comprising a heat absorption layer for absorbing at least part of the heat of the flue gas sprayed from the pressure relief structure.

[0008] The battery device provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided with a composite layer component on the inner wall of the battery box opposite to the pressure relief structure of the battery monomer, wherein the composite layer component comprises a heat absorption layer. When thermal runaway occurs in one or several battery monomers of the battery device, a large amount of high-temperature smoke generated inside the battery monomer can be smoothly ejected from the pressure relief structure, and the ejected high-temperature smoke is ejected onto the inner wall of the battery box corresponding to the battery monomer in which thermal runaway occurs, that is, the high-temperature smoke contacts the composite layer component, and then the high-temperature smoke is blocked and reflected to the battery monomer adjacent to the battery monomer in which thermal runaway occurs. When the high-temperature smoke contacts the composite layer component, heat exchange occurs between the high-temperature smoke and the heat absorption layer of the composite layer component, that is, the heat absorption layer absorbs the heat of the high-temperature smoke, so that the temperature of the high-temperature smoke is reduced before being reflected to the battery monomer in which thermal runaway does not occur. The temperature of the high-temperature smoke reflected to the battery monomer in which thermal runaway does not occur is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the heat transferred to the battery monomer in which thermal runaway does not occur adjacent to the battery monomer in which thermal runaway occurs, improving the controllability of maintaining the temperature rise degree of the battery monomer within a controllable range, thereby reducing the possibility of internal short circuit and heat generation of the separator of the electrode assembly of the battery monomer due to excessive heat shrinkage, that is, reducing the possibility of chain thermal runaway of the battery monomer of the battery device, improving the safety performance of the battery monomer in the battery device, and improving the overall safety performance of the battery device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery box comprises a box body and a box cover, the box body and the box cover are combined to form an assembly space, and the composite layer component is attached to the inner wall of the box cover. Since the depth of the internal space of the box cover is smaller than the depth of the internal space of the box body, the composite layer component attached to the inner wall of the box cover is more accessible, which helps to improve the production efficiency of assembling the battery device.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery monomer further comprises a pole structure, and the pole structure and the pressure relief structure are both arranged on the same side wall of the shell of the battery monomer, which is conducive to simplifying the subsequent assembly process of the battery monomer in the battery device and improving the assembly efficiency. In addition, the tab connected by the pole structure and the composite layer component are insulated.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the tab connected by the pole structure and the composite layer component are spaced apart, and the air gap is used to ensure the insulation between the tab and the composite layer component; or the tab connected by the pole structure abuts against the composite layer component, which not only ensures the insulation between the tab and the composite layer component, but also reduces the space waste between the battery monomer and the box cover, improves the space utilization of the assembly space, and improves the volume energy density of the battery device.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite layer component further comprises an insulating layer laminated to one side of the heat absorption layer facing the assembly space.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite layer member further comprises a heat insulation layer, which is arranged between the heat absorption layer and the inner wall of the box cover. The heat insulation layer reduces the heat transfer to the box cover, which can protect the personnel from being scalded by the box cover, and make the heat not continue to be transferred to other components or to the personnel operating cabin of the energy storage device or the electrical equipment, thereby reducing the degree of thermal influence on other components or the workers in the personnel operating cabin.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat insulation layer and / or the insulation layer is a mica sheet.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite layer member further comprises a heat conduction layer, which is laminated to one side of the heat absorption layer facing the assembly space. The heat conduction layer serves as an efficient heat transfer medium, rapidly transferring heat to the heat absorption layer of the composite layer member, thereby improving the efficiency of heat transfer from the high-temperature flue gas to the heat absorption layer.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat conduction layer is a metal foil layer.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the metal foil layer ranges from 0.03mm to 0.2mm.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat absorption layer is a layer structure made of solid-solid phase change material. The solid-solid phase change material does not produce gas during the phase change process of absorbing heat energy, which helps to maintain the stability of the internal air pressure of the battery device and reduce the degree of influence of high air pressure on other components inside the battery device.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat absorption layer comprises a solid-gas phase change material and a cladding film for wrapping the solid-gas phase change material, the cladding film is provided with a reserved hole portion capable of being broken to form a through hole, and the battery box body is provided with a pressure relief channel communicating with the assembly space. The solid-gas phase change material can rapidly absorb the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to change into a gas phase, extrude and break the reserved hole portion to form a through hole, and quickly discharge the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material outside the battery box body through the pressure relief channel, thereby reducing the degree of influence of high air pressure on other components inside the battery device.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the reserved hole portion is arranged on the side of the cladding film close to the inlet of the pressure relief channel. In this way, the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material discharged from the through hole formed by the reserved hole portion can be more quickly discharged outside the battery box body through the pressure relief channel, thereby reducing the degree of influence of high air pressure on other components inside the battery device.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the cladding film is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart reserved hole portions, the plurality of reserved hole portions are arranged in a straight line, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of reserved hole portions is parallel to the plate surface of the composite layer member. The gas-phase solid-gas phase change material simultaneously extrudes and breaks the plurality of reserved hole portions to form a plurality of through holes, which together more quickly discharge the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material outside the battery box, thereby reducing the degree of influence of high gas pressure on other components inside the battery device.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat-absorbing layer is a metal cold plate, which is provided with a circulating flow channel, and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end in communication with the circulating flow channel, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end are both sealingly provided in the battery box. The high-temperature flue gas ejected by the battery monomer in thermal runaway exchanges heat with the metal cold plate, thereby reducing the temperature of the reflected high-temperature flue gas.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the overall thickness of the composite layer member ranges from 2 mm to 5 mm. In this way, not only the heat conduction performance, heat absorption performance and self toughness strength of the composite layer member are met, but also the overall thickness of the composite layer member attached to the inner wall of the battery box is not too thick, which does not affect the exhaust space between the pressure relief structure and the corresponding inner wall of the battery box, and still ensures smooth exhaust.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a kind of energy storage device is provided. Wherein, the energy storage device includes the battery device as described above, and the battery device is used to store or provide electric energy.

[0025] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a kind of electric equipment is provided. Wherein, the electric equipment includes electric load;And,

[0026] The electric equipment further includes the battery device as described above, and the electric load is electrically connected with the battery device;

[0027] Or, the electric equipment further includes the energy storage device as described above, and the electric load is electrically connected with the energy storage device;

[0028] Wherein, the battery monomer or the battery device is used to store or provide electric energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the square battery monomer of the battery device of the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 For Figure 1 The exploded view of the battery cell shown in the figure;

[0032] Figure 3 For the exploded view of the battery device of the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 4 For the exploded view of the battery device of the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 5 The main view schematic diagram of the heat absorption layer of the battery device of the embodiment of the present application includes solid-gas phase change material and cladding film;

[0035] Figure 6 For Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of A in the figure;

[0036] Figure 7 For Figure 5 The sectional view schematic diagram of B-B direction in the figure;

[0037] Figure 8 The sectional view schematic diagram of the heat absorption layer of the battery device of the embodiment of the present application is a metal cold plate;

[0038] Figure 9 The three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cylindrical battery cell of the battery device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 10 The exploded view of another battery device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 11 The structure schematic diagram of a kind of energy storage device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 12 The structure schematic diagram of a kind of electric equipment of the embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Among them, the various reference signs in the figure are:

[0043] 100, battery cell;

[0044] 110, pressure relief structure; 120, pole structure; 130, electrode assembly; 140, tab; 150, shell; 160, top cover; 170, containing space;

[0045] 200, battery device;

[0046] 210, battery box body; 211, box main body; 212, box cover; 213, assembly space; 214, pressure relief channel; 220, composite layer component; 221, heat absorption layer; 2211, solid-gas phase change material; 2212, cladding film; 2213, reserved hole part; 2214, metal cold plate; 2215, liquid inlet end; 2216, liquid outlet end; 2217, circulating flow channel; 222, insulation layer; 223, thermal insulation layer; 224, heat conduction layer;

[0047] 300, energy storage device; 301, cabinet body;

[0048] 400, electrical equipment; 410, electrical load; 420, control device; 430, vehicle frame; 440, vehicle wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples for explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0052] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] At present, from the development of market situation, the application of battery device is more and more extensive. The battery device is not only applied to the energy storage power system of hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power station (the battery device of this kind of application is generally called energy storage battery), but also widely applied to electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles and other electric vehicles, military equipment, aerospace and other fields (the battery device of this kind of application is generally called power battery). With the continuous expansion of the application field of battery device, the application of battery device affects all aspects of people's daily life, therefore, the attention and requirement of safety in use of battery device are also continuously improved.

[0054] In the related art, the battery device generally includes a plurality of battery monomers, which are assembled in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection between the battery monomers in the battery box of the battery device. With the continuous improvement of the volume energy density of the battery device, the exhaust space between the top wall provided with the pressure relief structure of the battery monomer and the corresponding inner wall of the battery box is continuously reduced on the basis of ensuring smooth exhaust.

[0055] In the process of running work of the battery device, the battery monomers in the battery device are affected by factors such as use aging and being collided by foreign matters, causing the battery monomers to have thermal runaway, especially being collided by foreign matters, which makes at least one battery monomer in the battery device be impacted and extruded, resulting in internal structure failure or damage of the battery monomer, causing the battery monomer to have thermal runaway. When one of the battery monomers has thermal runaway in the battery device, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas will be sprayed from the pressure relief structure to the inner wall of the battery box of the battery device corresponding thereto. Since the high-temperature flue gas is blocked by the inner wall of the battery box, the high-temperature flue gas will be reflected in all directions in the exhaust space, that is, the inner wall of the battery box will reflect the high-temperature flue gas to the top wall of the battery monomer adjacent to the battery monomer having thermal runaway. Since the exhaust space between the top wall provided with the pressure relief structure of the battery monomer and the corresponding inner wall of the battery box is small, the high-temperature flue gas reflected by the inner wall of the battery box is cooled but the temperature is still very high, that is, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas reflected to the adjacent battery monomer not having thermal runaway is very high. Then, on the battery monomer adjacent to the battery monomer having thermal runaway and not having thermal runaway, the heat of the reflected high-temperature flue gas will be transferred to the electrode assembly, causing the diaphragm of the electrode assembly to shrink due to excessive heating, and then causing internal short circuit of the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly with internal short circuit generates heat, and finally causes the battery monomer to also have thermal runaway. Such a chain development eventually leads to uncontrollable thermal runaway of most of the battery monomers in the battery device.

[0056] Based on the above considerations, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery device which is affected by reflected high-temperature flue gas and thus the possibility of chain thermal runaway of battery cells adjacent to or spaced from the battery cell that has thermal runaway is reduced. Moreover, the battery device can be applied to the assembly of energy storage devices and electrical equipment. The battery device provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided by arranging a composite layer member on the inner wall of the battery box body opposite to the pressure relief structure of the battery cell, wherein the composite layer member comprises a heat absorption layer. When one or more battery cells of the battery device have thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas generated inside the battery cell can be smoothly ejected from the pressure relief structure, and the ejected high-temperature flue gas is ejected onto the inner wall of the battery box body corresponding to the battery cell that has thermal runaway, that is, the high-temperature flue gas contacts the composite layer member, and then the high-temperature flue gas is blocked and reflected to the battery cells that have not thermal runaway. When the high-temperature flue gas contacts the composite layer member, heat exchange occurs between the high-temperature flue gas and the heat absorption layer of the composite layer member, that is, the heat absorption layer absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, so that the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced before being reflected to the battery cells that have not thermal runaway, thereby effectively reducing the heat transferred to the battery cells that have not thermal runaway, improving the controllability of the temperature rise degree of the battery cells maintained within a controllable range, thereby reducing the possibility of internal short circuit and heat generation of the separator of the electrode assembly of the battery cell due to excessive heating shrinkage, that is, reducing the possibility of chain thermal runaway of the battery cell, improving the safety performance of the battery cell, and improving the overall safety performance of the battery device, the energy storage device and the electrical equipment.

[0057] In order to illustrate the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the following will be described in detail in combination with specific drawings and embodiments.

[0058] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery device 200. As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the battery device 200 comprises a battery box body 210, a composite layer member 220 and a plurality of battery cells 100. The battery box body 210 forms an assembly space 213, and the plurality of battery cells 100 are arranged in the assembly space 213. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the battery cell 100 comprises a pressure relief structure 110, the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of one side wall of the battery box body 210, the pressure relief structure 110 faces the composite layer member 220 (i.e. the pressure relief structure 110 is arranged opposite to the composite layer member 220), and the composite layer member 220 is arranged spaced from the pressure relief structure 110. The composite layer member 220 comprises a heat absorption layer 221 for absorbing at least part of the heat of the flue gas ejected from the pressure relief structure 110.

[0059] The battery device 200 provided by the embodiments of the present application is configured by arranging the composite layer member 220 on the inner wall of the battery box 210 opposite to the pressure relief structure 110 of the battery cell 100, wherein the composite layer member 220 comprises the heat absorption layer 221. When one or several battery cells 100 of the battery device 200 occur thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature smoke generated inside the battery cell 100 can be smoothly ejected from the pressure relief structure 110, and the ejected high-temperature smoke is ejected to the inner wall of the battery box 210 corresponding to the battery cell 100 that occurs thermal runaway, that is, the high-temperature smoke contacts the composite layer member 220, and then the high-temperature smoke is blocked and reflected to the battery cell 100 adjacent to the battery cell 100 that occurs thermal runaway. When the high-temperature smoke contacts the composite layer member 220, heat exchange occurs between the high-temperature smoke and the heat absorption layer 221 of the composite layer member 220, that is, the heat absorption layer 221 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature smoke, so that the temperature of the high-temperature smoke is reduced before being reflected to the battery cell 100 that does not occur thermal runaway. The temperature of the high-temperature smoke reflected to the battery cell 100 that does not occur thermal runaway is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the heat transferred to the battery cell 100 adjacent to the battery cell 100 that occurs thermal runaway, maintaining the temperature rise degree of the battery cell 100 in a controllable range, thereby reducing the possibility of the diaphragm of the electrode assembly 130 of the battery cell 100 overheat shrinking and internal short circuit heat generation, that is, reducing the possibility of the battery cell 100 of the battery device 200 occurring chain thermal runaway, improving the safety performance of the battery cell 100 in the battery device 200, and improving the overall safety performance of the battery device 200.

[0060] And, the high-temperature smoke gas reflected to the battery monomer 100 without thermal runaway will be reflected to the composite layer member 220 again, and then reflected to the composite layer member 220 again, the high-temperature smoke gas is reflected multiple times, and other battery monomers 100 far from the battery monomer 100 with thermal runaway are likely to be affected. In the process of the high-temperature smoke gas being reflected continuously, every time the high-temperature smoke gas contacts the composite layer member 220 and the battery monomer 100 without thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke gas will transfer part of the heat to the heat-absorbing layer 221 of the composite layer member 220 or the corresponding battery monomer 100 without thermal runaway. In this way, the heat of the high-temperature smoke gas is continuously reduced, and the temperature is continuously reduced, so that the farther the other battery monomers 100 from the battery monomer 100 with thermal runaway, the smaller the degree of influence of the reflected high-temperature smoke gas, reducing the threat of the high-temperature smoke gas transferring heat to other battery monomers 100 without thermal runaway. That is, the range of the high-temperature smoke gas transferring heat to the battery monomers 100 at a farther distance and producing thermal influence is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the degree of influence of the high-temperature smoke gas on most of the battery monomers 100 in the battery device 200, reducing the possibility of chain thermal runaway of the battery monomers 100, improving the ability to control the thermal runaway of one or a few battery monomers 100 to a limited local thermal runaway in the whole internal of the battery device 200, and improving the overall safety performance of the battery device 200.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the battery box 210 includes a box body 211 and a box cover 212, the box body 211 and the box cover 212 are combined to form an assembly space 213, and the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of the box cover 212. In this embodiment, the pressure relief structure 110 of the battery monomer 100 is arranged towards the box cover 212. In the assembly and production of the battery device 200, the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of the box cover 212, a plurality of battery monomers 100 are arranged in the box body 211, and the plurality of battery monomers 100 are connected in series, parallel or mixed connection, then the box cover 212 is combined to the box body 211 to form a sealed assembly space 213, so that the pressure relief structure 110 of the battery monomer 100 is opposite to and spaced from the composite layer member 220. Compared with the structure form that the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of the box body 211, since the depth of the internal space of the box cover 212 is smaller than the depth of the internal space of the box body 211, the operability of attaching the composite layer member 220 to the inner wall of the box cover 212 is better, that is, the structure form that the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of the box cover 212 can simplify the assembly process, which is helpful to improve the production efficiency of the assembly and production of the battery device 200.

[0062] Of course, according to different orientations of the pressure relief structure 110 provided on the battery monomer 100, the composite layer member 220 can also be attached to the inner wall of the box body 211. This is to select the exact attachment position of the composite layer member 220 on the inner wall of the battery box 210 according to the different orientation directions of the pressure relief structure 110 of the battery monomer 100 relative to the inner wall of the battery box 210, as long as the assembly requirement of the pressure relief structure 110 towards the composite layer member 220 can be met, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0063] The following embodiments are all taken as examples of the composite layer member 220 attached to the inner wall of the box cover 212 for detailed description, and the embodiments of the composite layer member 220 attached to the inner wall of the box body 211 can refer to the embodiments of the composite layer member 220 attached to the inner wall of the box cover 212, which will not be described herein again.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the battery cell 100 includes an electrode assembly 130, a housing 150, a top cover 160, a pressure relief structure 110, and a pole structure 120. The housing 150 and the top cover 160 are covered with each other to form an accommodation space 170, that is, the housing 150 and the top cover 160 are covered with each other to form a shell of the battery cell 100. The electrode assembly 130 is accommodated in the accommodation space 170, and the electrode assembly 130 extends out of the tab 140. The pressure relief structure 110 and the pole structure 120 are both arranged on the top cover 160, that is, the pole structure 120 and the pressure relief structure 110 are both arranged on the same side wall of the shell of the battery cell 100, which facilitates simplifying the subsequent assembly process of the battery cell 100 inside the battery device 200 and improves the assembly efficiency. The pole structure 120 is electrically connected to the tab 140, and the end portion of the pole structure 120 away from the tab 140 is connected to a bar piece. The bar piece is used to connect a plurality of battery cells 100 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection manner, and the bar piece is insulated from the composite layer member 220 to ensure the electrical insulation requirement between each battery cell 100 and the battery box 210 made of metal. The pressure relief structure 110 is used to discharge a large amount of high-temperature smoke generated when the battery cell 100 internally occurs thermal runaway. When the battery cell 100 is assembled into the assembly space 213, the pressure relief structure 110 and the pole structure 120 of the battery cell 100 are both towards the box cover 212, and this assembly mode is called a positive assembly mode. In the embodiment of the present application, as long as the pole structure 120 of the battery cell 100 is towards the box cover 212, it is called a positive assembly mode. Therefore, the assembly mode in which the pressure relief structure 110 and the pole structure 120 of the battery cell 100 are both towards the box cover 212 is one of the positive assembly modes. The battery cell 100 can be a secondary battery, which means that the battery cell 100 can be activated by charging after discharging to continue to be used. The battery cell 100 can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0065] Of course, in some other embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief structure 110 and the pole structure 120 can also be respectively arranged on different sides of the housing of the battery monomer 100. For example, the pole structure 120 is arranged on the top cover 160, the pressure relief structure 110 is arranged on the side wall of the outer shell 150 opposite to the top cover 160, and the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of the box body 211 opposite to the pressure relief structure 110, the pole structure 120 faces the box cover 212, and the battery monomer 100 is assembled in the assembly space 213 in this way, which is another positive assembly mode. For another example, the pressure relief structure 110 is arranged on the top cover 160, the top cover 160 is arranged opposite to the box cover 212, the composite layer member 220 is attached to the inner wall of the box cover 212, the pole structure 120 is arranged on the side wall of the outer shell 150 opposite to the top cover 160, and the pole structure 120 is arranged away from the box cover 212, and the battery monomer 100 is assembled in the assembly space 213 in this way, which is a reverse assembly mode.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery monomer 100 can be a square monomer, also known as a square monomer, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some other embodiments of the present application, the battery monomer 100 can also be a cylindrical monomer, also known as a cylindrical monomer, as shown in Figure 9 In addition, the battery device 200 assembled and formed by the square battery monomer 100 or the cylindrical battery monomer 100 is generally square in shape, also known as a square battery, wherein the battery box 210 includes a box body 211 and a box cover 212, the box cover 212 covers the open end of the box body 211, the box body 211 and the box cover 212 are covered to form an assembly space 213, and a plurality of battery monomers 100 are arrayed and assembled in the assembly space 213, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 When the battery device 200 is applied to assemble a power storage device 300 or an electrical equipment 400, the square battery device 200 is beneficial to reasonably design the assembly position of the battery device 200 in the power storage device 300 or the electrical equipment 400, improve the space utilization, and improve the overall assembly compactness of the power storage device 300 or the electrical equipment 400.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present application, the tab connected by the pole structure 120 is arranged spaced apart from the composite layer member 220. In this way, whether the composite layer member 220 is a structure that is conductive as a whole, or the composite layer member 220 is insulating as a whole or the side of the composite layer member 220 facing the tab is composed of insulating material, the air gap between the tab and the composite layer member 220 ensures that the two are insulated. Alternatively, the tab connected by the pole structure 120 abuts against the composite layer member 220, in which case the composite layer member 220 is insulating as a whole or the side of the composite layer member 220 facing the tab is composed of insulating material. The pole structure 120 indirectly abuts against the composite layer member 220, which ensures that the two are insulated while reducing the waste of space between the battery monomer 100 and the cover 212, improving the space utilization of the assembly space and the volumetric energy density of the battery device 200.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 4 the composite layer member 220 further comprises an insulating layer 222, the heat absorption layer 221 is laminated to the inner wall of the cover 212, and the insulating layer 222 is laminated to the side of the heat absorption layer 221 facing the assembly space 213. Moreover, the tab connected by the pole structure 120 abuts against the insulating layer 222, and the pressure relief structure 110 is arranged spaced apart from the insulating layer 222. The tab connected by the pole structure 120 abutting against the insulating layer 222 reduces the waste of space between the battery monomer 100 and the cover 212, improves the space utilization of the assembly space 213, and improves the volumetric energy density of the battery device 200. Moreover, the pressure relief structure 110 being arranged spaced apart from the insulating layer 222 allows the battery monomer 100 that has undergone thermal runaway to smoothly eject high-temperature flue gas, so that the high-temperature flue gas does not accumulate inside the battery monomer 100 to cause thermal runaway, improving the overall safety of the battery device 200.

[0069] Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, when the surface layer of the heat absorption layer 221 has insulating properties, the composite layer member 220 can not need to be provided with the insulating layer 222, and the pole structure 120 can directly abut against the heat absorption layer 221, thereby reducing the waste of space between the battery monomer 100 and the cover 212, improving the space utilization of the assembly space 213, and improving the volumetric energy density of the battery device 200. Moreover, the pressure relief structure 110 is arranged spaced apart from the heat absorption layer 221, thereby allowing the battery monomer 100 that has undergone thermal runaway to smoothly eject high-temperature flue gas to the heat absorption layer 221 for heat exchange, so that the high-temperature flue gas does not accumulate inside the battery monomer 100 to cause thermal runaway, improving the overall safety of the battery device 200.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the composite layer member 220 further comprises a heat insulation layer 223, which is arranged between the heat absorption layer 221 and the inner wall of the box cover 212. When the battery monomer 100 in thermal runaway sprays high-temperature flue gas to the heat absorption layer 221 for heat exchange, that is, the heat absorption layer 221 absorbs heat and the temperature rises, because the heat insulation layer 223 is arranged between the heat absorption layer 221 and the inner wall of the box cover 212 to form a reduction, the heat insulation layer 223 reduces the heat transfer to the box cover 212, so that the temperature of the box cover 212 is relatively lower than that of the heat absorption layer 221. In this way, when the staff processes the battery device 200 that has occurred thermal runaway, the relatively low temperature of the box cover 212 will not cause burns to the staff, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the staff. Moreover, in the energy storage device 300 or the electrical equipment 400 assembled with the battery device 200, the heat insulation layer 223 reduces the heat transfer to the box cover 212, so that the heat will not continue to be transferred to other components or to the personnel operation compartment of the energy storage device 300 or the electrical equipment 400, reducing the degree of thermal influence on other components or the staff in the personnel operation compartment.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat insulation layer 223 and / or the insulation layer 222 is a mica sheet.

[0072] The mica sheet has a layered structure and can effectively isolate the conduction of heat. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the mica sheet is usually between 0.3-0.5 W / m·K. The mica sheet has low heat conduction capacity and strong heat resistance, and can usually withstand high temperatures of several hundred degrees Celsius without changing the volume, physical properties and mechanical strength within the heat resistance temperature range. It can be seen that the mica sheet is a heat insulation material with excellent heat insulation performance. In the embodiments of the present application, when the mica sheet is used as the heat insulation layer 223, the thickness of the mica sheet used for heat insulation function needs to be ensured to enable the mica sheet to effectively reduce the heat transfer to the box cover 212.

[0073] The volume resistivity and surface resistivity of the mica sheet are very high, similar to the resistivity of widely used insulators such as hard rubber and ceramics. Moreover, the mica sheet has good high-temperature insulation performance and can maintain stable insulation performance in a high-temperature environment. It can be seen that the mica sheet is an insulating material with excellent insulation performance. In the embodiments of the present application, when the mica sheet is used as the insulation layer 222, the high-temperature flue gas sprayed by the battery monomer 100 in thermal runaway directly contacts the insulation layer 222. Therefore, the thickness of the mica sheet used for insulation function is thinner than that of the mica sheet used for heat insulation function, so that the mica sheet can rapidly and effectively transfer heat to the heat absorption layer 221.

[0074] In order to improve the efficiency of heat transfer from the high-temperature flue gas to the heat absorption layer 221, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2B, the heat absorption layer 221 is arranged on the inner wall of the box cover 212, and the heat insulation layer 223 is arranged on the heat absorption layer 221. Figure 4As shown, the composite layer member 220 further comprises a heat-conducting layer 224 which is laminated to the side of the heat-absorbing layer 221 facing the assembly space 213. By virtue of the high heat-conducting capacity of the heat-conducting layer 224, when the high-temperature flue gas contacts the composite layer member 220, the heat-conducting layer 224 serves as an efficient heat transfer medium to rapidly transfer heat to the heat-absorbing layer 221 of the composite layer member 220, thereby improving the efficiency of heat transfer from the high-temperature flue gas to the heat-absorbing layer 221, further reducing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas reflected by the composite layer member 220, thereby effectively reducing the heat transferred from the high-temperature flue gas to the battery monomer 100, and helping to maintain the temperature rise of the battery monomer 100 within a controllable range, thereby reducing the possibility of the separator of the electrode assembly 130 of the battery monomer 100 being excessively heated and shrunk to cause internal short-circuit heat generation, that is, reducing the possibility of the battery monomer 100 of the battery device 200 occurring in a chain thermal runaway, improving the safety performance of the battery monomer 100 in the battery device 200, and improving the overall safety performance of the battery device 200.

[0075] In the present application, the heat-conducting layer 224 is a metal foil layer. The metal foil has very high thermal conductivity, which makes the metal foil widely used in design structures that require efficient heat conduction. Moreover, the thickness of the metal foil layer is in the range of 0.03mm-0.2mm, which not only ensures that the metal foil always has efficient heat conduction capacity, but also ensures the toughness and strength of the metal foil, reduces the wrinkles when the metal foil layer is laminated and attached to the surface of the heat-absorbing layer 221, and ensures that the metal foil can remain intact when it is impacted by the high-temperature flue gas, that is, it will not be broken by the impact, so that the metal foil can always maintain uniform heat conduction.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the metal foil can be a copper foil. The copper foil has excellent heat-conducting performance, and the thermal conductivity of the copper foil is 401W / m·K, which is the second highest thermal conductivity among all metal foils, only next to the silver foil (design parameters including but not limited to thickness, surface flatness, etc.), which means that the copper foil has very high heat conduction capacity. The thermal conductivity of the copper foil is proportional to its thickness, that is, the thicker the copper foil, the higher its thermal conductivity. Experiments show that as the thickness of the copper foil increases, the temperature difference between the two sides of the copper foil decreases, indicating that the heat-conducting performance of the copper foil improves as the thickness increases. Therefore, in practical applications, the thickness of the copper foil will directly affect its heat-conducting performance, and thicker copper foil can provide better heat-conducting performance because it has a larger cross-sectional area to transfer heat. However, since the exhaust space between the pressure relief structure 110 and the inner wall of the corresponding battery box 210 is small, the copper foil used in the embodiments of the present application cannot always increase in thickness to obtain higher thermal conductivity. The thickness of the copper foil is in the range of 0.03mm-0.05mm, and the copper foil with a thickness of 0.035mm is preferably used, which can ensure the toughness and strength of the copper foil and also ensure efficient heat conduction capacity.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the metal foil can also be an aluminum foil. The thermal conductivity of the aluminum foil varies with the temperature at which it is located: at 20°C, the thermal conductivity is 209 W / m·K; at 100°C, the thermal conductivity is 220 W / m·K; at 200°C, the thermal conductivity is 235 W / m·K; and at 300°C, the thermal conductivity is 250 W / m·K. This means that the thermal conductivity of the aluminum foil is also very good. According to the thickness of the aluminum foil, the aluminum foil includes the following types: ultra-thin aluminum foil (0.01 mm-0.03 mm); thin aluminum foil (0.03 mm-0.06 mm), which is better than the ultra-thin aluminum foil in terms of strength and corrosion resistance; medium-thickness aluminum foil (0.06 mm-0.1 mm), which is superior in terms of strength and corrosion resistance; and thick aluminum foil (0.1 mm-0.2 mm), which has high thickness and strength, and also has good corrosion resistance and isolation performance. The thickness of the aluminum foil used for heat conduction in the present embodiment is in the range of 0.03 mm-0.2 mm, that is, the thin aluminum foil, the medium-thickness aluminum foil, or the thick aluminum foil can be selected, and the medium-thickness aluminum foil or the thick aluminum foil is preferably selected, so as to ensure the toughness and strength of the copper foil and the efficient heat conduction capacity.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat-absorbing layer 221 is a layer structure made of solid-solid phase change materials. Solid-solid phase change materials (SSPCMs) can absorb heat energy through a phase change process in a solid state, and the volume change before and after absorbing heat energy is small, which helps to reduce structural deformation during the phase change process. Moreover, solid-solid phase change materials do not produce gas during the phase change process of absorbing heat energy, which helps to maintain the stability of the internal air pressure of the battery device 200 and reduce the degree of influence of the high air pressure on other components inside the battery device 200.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the heat-absorbing layer 221 includes solid-gas phase change materials 2211 and a coating film 2212 for wrapping the solid-gas phase change materials 2211. Solid-gas phase change materials (SGPCMs) are materials that can absorb a large amount of heat to change phase, and the solid-gas phase change materials directly change from a solid state to a gaseous state after absorbing heat. The solid-gas phase change materials can quickly absorb the heat of high-temperature flue gas and change phase to a gaseous phase, causing the internal air pressure of the coating film 2212 to rise, and the diffusion of the gaseous solid-gas phase change materials to the assembly space 213 will cause the air pressure in the assembly space 213 to rise, which in turn will cause other components inside the battery device 200 to be affected by high air pressure. As shown inFigure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 21, the cladding film 2212 is provided with a reserved hole portion 2213 which can be broken to form a through hole, and, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 21, the battery box 210 is provided with a pressure relief passage 214 which is in communication with the assembly space 213. Thus, when the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material increases the internal gas pressure of the cladding film 2212, the reserved hole portion 2213 is broken to form a through hole under the high gas pressure, and the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material is discharged along the through hole to the assembly space 213. Since the pressure relief passage 214 is in communication with the assembly space 213, the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material discharged from the through hole can flow through the pressure relief passage 214 and impact the explosion-proof valve in the pressure relief passage 214, the explosion-proof valve is actuated to open, and the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material is quickly discharged outside the battery box 210, thereby reducing the degree of influence of the high gas pressure on other components inside the battery device 200.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to reduce the degree of influence of the high gas pressure on other components inside the battery device 200, the reserved hole portion 2213 is arranged on the side of the cladding film 2212 close to the entrance of the pressure relief passage 214. Thus, the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material discharged from the through hole formed by the reserved hole portion 2213 can be more quickly discharged outside the battery box 210 through the pressure relief passage 214, so that the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material hardly diffuses to the assembly space 213 (the amount of the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material diffusing to the assembly space 213 is small, and the influence on the gas pressure inside the battery device 200 is negligible), thereby reducing the degree of influence of the high gas pressure on other components inside the battery device 200.

[0081] The cover film 2212 is preferably an aluminum plastic film. The aluminum plastic film is a composite film composed of an aluminum foil and a plastic film by an adhesive. The aluminum plastic film includes but is not limited to the following characteristics: good cold stamping formability, high strength, high flexibility, high wear resistance, good insulation, etc. The aluminum plastic film is easy to form, which helps to improve the assembly efficiency of the aluminum plastic film wrapped around the solid-gas phase change material. The aluminum plastic film can remain intact when subjected to the impact of high-temperature flue gas, that is, it will not be broken by the impact, so it can always uniformly transfer heat to the solid-gas phase change material. A reserved hole part 2213 is molded on the aluminum plastic film, which can not only maintain the wrapping performance of the aluminum plastic film to the solid-gas phase change material, but also ensure that the reserved hole part 2213 is broken to form a through hole under the extrusion of high gas pressure. The structure of the aluminum plastic film is composed of an outer nylon layer (ON), an adhesive, an intermediate aluminum foil (Al), an adhesive, and an inner heat-sealing layer (CPP). Although the aluminum foil layer has good electrical conductivity, the aluminum foil layer is wrapped by two layers of insulating material (nylon layer and heat-sealing layer), and the adjacent two layers are bonded by an insulating adhesive. In this way, the aluminum plastic film has good electrical insulation performance, so the pole structure 120 can directly abut against the aluminum plastic film, that is, the composite layer member 220 of the present embodiment can not be provided with an insulating layer 222. Moreover, the thickness of the aluminum plastic film selected in the battery device 200 is in the range of 0.15mm-0.3mm, which enables the aluminum plastic film to quickly and efficiently transfer heat to the solid-gas phase change material when contacted by high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, without the need to provide the insulating layer 222 in the composite layer member 220 of the present embodiment, the composite layer member 220 of the present embodiment also does not need to be provided with a heat-conducting layer 224, and the aluminum plastic film can efficiently transfer heat to the solid-gas phase change material.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present application, as the volumetric energy density of the battery device 200 continues to increase, the exhaust space between the pressure relief structure 110 and the corresponding inner wall of the battery box 210 continues to decrease. At present, the height of the exhaust space (i.e., the distance between the pressure relief structure 110 and the inner wall of the battery box 210) is less than 10mm. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the heat-conducting performance, heat-absorbing performance and own toughness strength of the composite layer member 220, the overall thickness of the composite layer member 220 cannot be too thick, and the overall thickness of the composite layer member 220 is preferably in the range of 2mm-5mm, and the thickness of the heat-absorbing layer 221 is in the range of 1.5mm-2mm. In this way, not only the heat-conducting performance, heat-absorbing performance and own toughness strength of the composite layer member 220 are met, but also the overall thickness of the composite layer member 220 attached to the inner wall of the battery box 210 is not too thick, which does not affect the exhaust space between the pressure relief structure 110 and the corresponding inner wall of the battery box 210, and the exhaust is still smooth.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 5As shown, the cladding film 2212 is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart reserved hole portions 2213. Due to the thickness limitation of the heat-absorbing layer 221, the plurality of reserved hole portions 2213 are arranged in a straight line, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of reserved hole portions 2213 is parallel to the plate surface of the composite layer member 220. When the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material in the cladding film 2212 causes the internal gas pressure of the cladding film 2212 to rise, the high gas pressure simultaneously extrudes and breaks the plurality of reserved hole portions 2213 to form a plurality of through holes, and the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material is simultaneously discharged from the plurality of through holes to the pressure relief channel 214, so that the gas-phase solid-gas phase change material is more quickly discharged outside the battery box 210, thereby reducing the degree of influence of high gas pressure on other components inside the battery device 200.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 8 As shown, the heat-absorbing layer 221 includes a metal cold plate 2214. When the high-temperature flue gas ejected collides with the composite layer member 220, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with the metal cold plate 2214, thereby reducing the temperature of the reflected high-temperature flue gas. The metal cold plate 2214 is provided with a circulating flow channel 2217, and a liquid inlet end 2215 and a liquid outlet end 2216 in communication with the circulating flow channel 2217. The liquid inlet end 2215 and the liquid outlet end 2216 are both sealed and arranged in the battery box 210. The cooling liquid flows into the circulating flow channel 2217 from the liquid inlet end 2215, absorbs heat during the flow of the cooling liquid in the circulating flow channel 2217, and then the cooling liquid is output from the liquid outlet end 2216, thereby taking away the heat of the high-temperature flue gas transferred to the metal cold plate 2214, reducing the temperature of the reflected high-temperature flue gas, effectively reducing the heat transferred to the battery monomer 100 that has not occurred thermal runaway, improving the controllability of the temperature rise degree of the battery monomer 100 maintained in a controllable range, thereby reducing the possibility of internal short circuit and heat generation of the diaphragm of the electrode assembly 130 of the battery monomer 100 due to excessive heating and shrinking. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 222 is laminated on the side of the metal cold plate 2214 away from the box cover 212, and the pole structure 120 abuts against the insulating layer 222, thereby improving the space utilization of the assembly space 213, improving the volume energy density of the battery device 200, and the pressure relief structure 110 is arranged in spaced-apart relationship with the insulating layer 222.

[0085] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application also provide a storage energy device 300. In some embodiments of the present application, the storage energy device 300 includes a plurality of battery devices 200 as described above, that is, the storage energy device 300 adopts a plurality of battery devices 200 in series, parallel or hybrid connection, so that the battery devices 200 are used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0086] The energy storage device 300 can be a small portable device, such as a portable energy storage battery used for outdoor camping, a portable energy storage battery used by a street vendor, or the like. The energy storage device 300 can also be a large fixed high-power industrial device, such as a large energy storage power station used by a power station, a wind power system, a solar power system, a mobile power system, or a temporary power supply system, and the like. The energy storage device 300 can store and output electrical energy as needed, for example, the energy storage device 300 can store electrical energy during a low electricity consumption period and provide electrical energy to related users or electrical equipment during a high electricity consumption period. For example, an independent power supply energy storage cabinet or an energy storage container used in a construction site or a factory, or a large mobile energy storage cabinet or an energy storage container used in a large event site.

[0087] As shown in Figure 11 The energy storage device 300 provided by the embodiments of the present application is preferably an energy storage cabinet, which includes a cabinet body 301 and a plurality of battery devices 200 stacked in the cabinet body 301.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage device 300 can include a thermal management module, a master control module, a general control module, a power distribution module, and a fire control module, and the like.

[0089] As an example, the thermal management module can include a liquid cooling unit that provides cooling liquid to each battery monomer 100 or each battery device 200 through a pipeline to adjust the temperature of the battery monomer 100.

[0090] As an example, the master control module can serve as a battery management unit for the plurality of battery devices 200, for monitoring and managing the plurality of battery devices 200. The master control module can monitor current, voltage, power, or temperature information of the plurality of battery devices 200. For example, the charging and discharging current and voltage of the plurality of battery devices 200 can be controlled. The master control module includes an auxiliary battery management unit SBMU (Slave Battery Management Unit, SBMU), a fusion switch, and the like.

[0091] As an example, the general control module can be used as a battery management unit of the energy storage device 300 to monitor and manage the energy storage device 300. The general control module can monitor information such as current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature of the energy storage device 300. For example, the charging and discharging current, voltage, and the like of the energy storage device 300 can be controlled. As an example, the general control module includes an insulation monitoring module IMM (Insulation Monitoring Module, IMM), a master battery management unit MBMU (Master Battery Management Unit, MBMU), an Ethernet ETH (EtherNet, ETH), and an optical fiber conversion module, and the like.

[0092] As an example, the fire control module includes a control panel, a detector, an alarm device, and the like, which are used to detect, alarm, or extinguish the energy storage system.

[0093] As an example, the power distribution module can be used to distribute power to the modules that need power in the energy storage device 300.

[0094] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application also provide a power utilization device 400, which includes a power utilization load 410.

[0095] The power utilization device 400 includes but is not limited to an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toy can include but is not limited to a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric aircraft toy, and the like. The spacecraft can include but is not limited to an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, and the like.

[0096] In some other embodiments of the present application, the power utilization device 400 also includes the energy storage device 300 as described above, that is, the power utilization device 400 uses a plurality of energy storage devices 300 in series, parallel, or mixed connection, or uses one energy storage device 300, and the power utilization load 410 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 300. Among them, the battery device 200 is used to provide power to the power utilization load 410, so as to normally operate the power utilization load 410.

[0097] Alternatively, in some other embodiments of the present application, the power utilization device 400 also includes a plurality of battery devices 200 as described above, that is, the power utilization device 400 uses a plurality of battery devices 200 in series, parallel, or mixed connection, and the power utilization load 410 is electrically connected to the battery device 200. The battery device 200 is used to store power, or the battery device 200 is used to provide power to the power utilization load 410, so as to normally operate the power utilization load 410.

[0098] The electric device 400 is an electric vehicle, and the battery device 200 is assembled in the electric vehicle as shown in Figure 12 The battery device 200 is mounted on a frame 430 of the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes the frame 430, a driving motor and wheels 440, the battery device 200 and the driving motor are fixedly mounted on the frame 430, the wheels 440 are rotatably connected to the frame 430, and the battery device 200 is electrically connected to the driving motor, and the driving motor is drivingly connected to the wheels 440. The driving motor is one of the electric loads 410 of the electric device 400, and the battery device 200 is applied to supply power to the driving motor. The driving motor drives the wheels 440 to rotate, so that the electric vehicle can normally run. The electric vehicle includes a control device 420, the control device 420 is mounted on the frame 430, the control device 420 is electrically connected to the battery device 200, and the control device 420 is used to control and monitor the charging and discharging working state of the battery device 200. In some electric vehicles, the battery box of the battery device 200 can be part of the chassis structure of the electric vehicle. For example, part of the battery box can be at least part of the floor of the electric vehicle, or part of the battery box can be at least part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle.

[0099] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized by, The battery device comprises: a battery box forming an assembly space; a plurality of battery monomers arranged in the assembly space, the battery monomers comprising a pressure relief structure; a composite layer member attached to an inner wall of the battery box, the pressure relief structure and the composite layer member being arranged in a spaced and opposite manner, the composite layer member comprising a heat absorption layer for absorbing at least part of the heat of the smoke ejected from the pressure relief structure.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein the battery box comprises a box body and a box cover, the box body and the box cover being combined to form the assembly space, and the composite layer member is attached to an inner wall of the box cover.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein the battery monomer further comprises a pole structure, the pole structure and the pressure relief structure are arranged on the same side wall of the shell of the battery monomer, and the pole structure is insulated from the composite layer member.

4. The battery device according to claim 3, wherein the pole structure is arranged in a spaced manner from the composite layer member; or the pole structure abuts against the composite layer member.

5. The battery device according to claim 3, wherein the composite layer member further comprises an insulating layer, the insulating layer is stacked on one side of the heat absorption layer facing the assembly space.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, wherein the composite layer member further comprises a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is arranged between the heat absorption layer and the inner wall of the battery box.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, wherein the heat insulation layer and / or the insulating layer is a mica sheet.

8. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the composite layer member further comprises a heat conducting layer, the heat conducting layer is stacked on one side of the heat absorption layer facing the assembly space.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, wherein the heat conducting layer is a metal foil layer.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the metal foil layer ranges from 0.03mm to 0.2mm.

11. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the heat absorption layer is a layer structure made of solid-solid phase change material.

12. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the heat absorption layer comprises a solid-gas phase change material and a cladding film for wrapping the solid-gas phase change material, the cladding film is provided with a reserved hole portion capable of being broken to form a through hole, and the battery box is provided with a pressure relief channel communicating with the assembly space.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, wherein the reserved hole portion is arranged on the side of the cladding film close to the inlet of the pressure relief channel.

14. The battery device according to claim 12, wherein the cladding film is provided with a plurality of spaced reserved hole portions, the plurality of reserved hole portions are arranged in a straight line, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of reserved hole portions is parallel to the plate surface of the composite layer member.

15. The battery device of any one of claims 5-7, wherein the heat absorption layer is a metal cold plate, the metal cold plate is provided with a circulating flow channel, and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end in communication with the circulating flow channel, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end are both sealed and provided through the battery box.

16. The battery device of claim 1, wherein the composite layer member has a thickness in a range of 2 mm to 5 mm.

17. An energy storage device, comprising the battery device of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the battery device is used for storing or providing electric energy.

18. An electric device, comprising an electric load; 19. The electric device of claim 18, wherein the electric device further comprises the battery device of any one of claims 1-16, and the electric load is electrically connected to the battery device; 20. The electric device of claim 18, wherein the electric device further comprises the energy storage device of claim 17, and the electric load is electrically connected to the energy storage device; 18. An electrical device, characterized by 21. The electric device of any one of claims 18-20, wherein the battery device is used for storing or providing electric energy. ​ ​ ​

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