Gasification device and gasification system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gasification device and a gasification system. The gasification device comprises a furnace body and a first plate body arranged in the furnace body, a cavity is formed in the furnace body, the peripheral edge of a first plate body is connected with the inner wall of the furnace body, the cavity is divided into a cooling chamber and a gasification chamber, and the first plate body protrudes towards the gasification chamber from the edge to the center of the first plate body. The first plate body protrudes towards the vaporizing chamber from the edge of the first plate body to the center, so that the surface of the first plate body has a certain gradient, a high-temperature area formed at the top of the vaporizing chamber can be concentrated near the center of the first plate body, and most of the area of the first plate body can be far away from the high-temperature area; and adhesion of molten ash on the surface of the first plate body can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification, and particularly relates to a gasification device and a gasification system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the most potential renewable energy, biomass energy has become the fourth largest energy in China after coal, oil and natural gas. Promoting the resource utilization of abundant and green biomass material is an effective technical approach to realize the "double carbon", and is also an important task of energy saving and environmental protection in China, which meets the current demand of environmental protection and low-carbon economy.

[0003] The current biomass gasification technologies mainly include fixed bed gasification and fluidized bed gasification, but there are problems such as high tar content of synthesis gas and low carbon conversion rate. In the related technology, an integrated gasification method of gas flow bed and fluidized bed is adopted, biomass powder is used as raw material, and is sprayed into the gasification furnace together with the gasification agent, the reaction temperature is very high, the gasification intensity is large, and the fuel adaptability is wide. However, when the integrated gasification method of gas flow bed and fluidized bed in the related technology is adopted, the molten ash is easy to stick to the furnace wall and accumulate to form large slag, and the large slag falling into the fluidized bed will affect the fluidization of the fluidized bed, and the stable operation of the gasification furnace cannot be guaranteed. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The application aims to provide a gasification device and a gasification system, which can solve the problem that in the related technology, the integrated gasification method of gas flow bed and fluidized bed, the molten ash is easy to stick to the furnace wall and accumulate to form large slag, and the large slag falling will affect the fluidization of the fluidized bed.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the application embodiment provides a gasification device, which comprises a furnace body and a first plate body arranged in the furnace body; the furnace body is provided with a cavity, the periphery edge of the first plate body is connected with the inner wall of the furnace body, the cavity is divided into a cooling chamber and a gasification chamber by the first plate body, and the first plate body protrudes toward the gasification chamber from the edge to the center.

[0007] In a second aspect, the application embodiment provides a gasification system, which comprises the gasification device of the first aspect.

[0008] In the present application, the cooling chamber and the gasification chamber are separated by the first plate body, and the first plate body is protruded from its edge to the center towards the gasification chamber, so that the surface of the first plate body has a certain inclination, which can ensure that the high temperature zone formed at the top of the gasification chamber is concentrated near the center of the first plate body, so that most of the area of the first plate body is away from the high temperature zone, which helps to reduce the adhesion of the molten ash on the surface of the first plate body. At the same time, the coarse synthesis gas generated in the lower part of the gasification chamber rises and passes through the inner wall of the gasification chamber and the guiding and collecting effect of the first plate body, which can pass through the high temperature zone, so that the tar in the coarse synthesis gas is fully cracked, which helps to reduce the content of tar in the final output synthesis gas.

[0009] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a gasification device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a gasification device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of the A part shown in the circle in

[0014] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the middle part of the first plate body in the direction b in Figure 1

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a gasification system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0017] ​1: gasification device; 11: furnace body; 110: cavity; 11a: cooling chamber; 11b: gasification chamber; 11c: fluidizing gas chamber; 111: guide outlet; 11d: high temperature zone; 12: first plate body; 12a: first face; 121: intermediate portion; 1211: exhaust hole; 1212: first jet hole; 1213: heat dissipation plate; 1214: cooling pipe; 122: edge portion; 123: first heat insulation layer; 13: burner; 14: exhaust cylinder; 14a: exhaust passage; 141: inclined section; 141a: second face; 1411: second jet hole; 1412: quenching hole; 142: straight cylinder section; 143: second heat insulation layer; 15: air distribution plate; 21: exhaust pipeline; 211: output end; 22: driving member; 23: return pipeline; 24: dust removal device; 25: recovery pipeline; 26: waste heat boiler; 27: purification device; 28: feeding device; 29: collecting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar elements are denoted throughout by like or similar reference signs. The embodiments described below through reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only, and are for the purpose of explaining the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0019] The terms "first", "second" in the specification and claims of the present application can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally means that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The gasification device and gasification system provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings, specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The gasification device 1 according to some embodiments of the present application comprises a furnace body 11 and a first plate body 12 arranged in the furnace body 11. The furnace body 11 is provided with a cavity 110, and the periphery of the first plate body 12 is connected with the inner wall of the furnace body 11, so as to separate the cavity 110 into a cooling chamber 11a and a gasification chamber 11b. The first plate body 12 protrudes from its edge to the center towards the gasification chamber 11b.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, the cooling chamber 11a and the gasification chamber 11b in the furnace body 11 are separated by the first plate body 12, and the first plate body 12 is arranged to protrude from its edge to the center towards the gasification chamber 11b, so that the surface of the first plate body 12 has a certain inclination. In this way, it can be ensured that the high-temperature zone 11d formed at the top of the gasification chamber 11b is concentrated near the center of the first plate body 12, so that most of the area of the first plate body 12 is away from the high-temperature zone 11d, which helps to reduce the adhesion of molten ash on the surface of the first plate body 12. At the same time, the coarse synthesis gas generated in the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b passes through the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b and the guiding and collecting effect of the first plate body 12 during the upward process, and can all pass through the high-temperature zone 11d, so that the tar in the coarse synthesis gas is fully cracked, which helps to reduce the content of tar in the final output synthesis gas.

[0025] It can be understood that the gasification device 1 in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a biomass gasification system for gasification processing of biomass, wherein the biomass includes but is not limited to biomass briquettes, biomass particles or various shapes of biomass bulk materials. Of course, the gasification device 1 of the present application can also be applied to other material gasification processes, and can be flexibly applied according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

[0026] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the gasification device 1 includes a furnace body 11. Inside the furnace body 11, from top to bottom, are arranged a cooling chamber 11a, a gasification chamber 11b, and a fluidizing chamber 11c. A first plate 12 is provided between the cooling chamber 11a and the gasification chamber 11b. An exhaust port 1211 is located at the center of the first plate 12. A burner 13 is inserted through the first plate 12 to supply reactant gases, such as oxygen, into the gasification chamber 11b, thereby forming a high-temperature flame zone 11d at the top of the gasification chamber 11b near the exhaust port 1211. Biomass feedstock A enters the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b (e.g., ...) through a feeding device 28. Figure 5 As shown, crude synthesis gas is produced in the gasification chamber 11b. The crude synthesis gas rises and passes through the high-temperature zone 11d formed at the top of the gasification chamber 11b, so that substances such as tar in the crude synthesis gas are further cracked, and then discharged through the exhaust port 1211.

[0027] It is understandable that the biomass ash in the high-temperature zone 11d is in a molten state. If the contact area between the high-temperature zone 11d and the top cavity wall of the gasification chamber 11b is large, the molten ash will easily adhere to the cavity wall. As the amount of ash adhering to the cavity wall increases, it will gradually form large slag. The large slag falling into the fluidized bed at the bottom of the gasification chamber 11b will affect the fluidization of the fluidized bed and cannot guarantee the stable operation of the gasification chamber 11b.

[0028] Therefore, in this application, the first plate 12 is designed to protrude from its edge to its center toward the gasification chamber 11b. That is, the surface of the first plate 12 facing the gasification chamber 11b is conical. This concentrates the high-temperature zone 11d formed at the top of the gasification chamber 11b near the center of the first plate 12, so that most of the surface of the first plate 12 is far away from the high-temperature zone 11d, thereby avoiding the adhesion and accumulation of molten ash generated in the high-temperature zone 11d on the surface of the first plate 12.

[0029] Furthermore, by making the middle part of the first plate 12 protrude into the gasification chamber 11b, an acute angle is formed between the first plate 12 and the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b. In this way, when the crude syngas in the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b rises to the top of the gasification chamber 11b, it will collect along the surface of the first plate 12 into the high-temperature zone 11d, thereby ensuring that all the crude syngas can enter the high-temperature zone 11d, so that the tar in the crude syngas will be cracked.

[0030] It is understandable that the center of the gasification chamber 11b is a preset plane, which is perpendicular to the center line of the furnace body 11. The first plate 12 protrudes from its edge to the center toward the gasification chamber 11b, meaning that the distance from the edge of the first plate 12 to the preset plane gradually decreases from its edge to its center.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the exhaust port 1211 can be located at the center of the first plate 12, and the center line of the exhaust port 1211 passes through the center of the first plate 12. At the same time, the center line of the exhaust port 1211 coincides with the center line of the furnace body 11, that is... Figure 2 As shown by the dotted line, the high-temperature zone 11d is positioned exactly at the top center of the vaporization chamber 11b, thereby ensuring uniform gas flow in all areas of the vaporization chamber 11b.

[0032] In practical applications, the temperature of the crude syngas produced in the lower fluidized bed of gasification chamber 11b is 700℃-800℃. This crude syngas contains a large amount of tar. In this application, through the structural design of the first plate 12, all the crude syngas passes through the high-temperature zone 11d, ensuring the tar in the crude syngas is fully decomposed. The biomass ash in the high-temperature zone 11d melts and aggregates, forming slightly larger slag that falls into the lower fluidized bed. During its descent, it is rapidly cooled by the rising low-temperature crude syngas, without affecting the fluidization of the lower fluidized bed. Furthermore, since all the low-temperature crude syngas produced in the lower fluidized bed passes through the highest temperature point (i.e., the flame core) of the high-temperature zone 11d, the required average temperature of the high-temperature zone 11d is significantly reduced, generally to above 1100℃.

[0033] In some embodiments, at least two burners 13 are provided. This is so that at least two burners 13 can be used to simultaneously deliver the reaction gas into the vaporization chamber 11b, thereby ensuring the formation of a stable high-temperature zone 11d in the top central region of the vaporization chamber 11b.

[0034] Furthermore, at least two burners 13 can be arranged at intervals around the exhaust port 1211. Then, the at least two burners 13 respectively inject oxygen and other reactive gases into the gasification chamber 11b near the exhaust port 1211 from different directions, so as to form a stable high-temperature zone 11d near the exhaust port 1211 and ensure the uniformity of the distribution of the high-temperature zone 11d.

[0035] Specifically, the output end 211 of the burner 13 is inserted through the first plate 12, the input end of the burner 13 can be connected to an external gas source, and the burner 13 is provided with a first channel through which the reaction gas (such as oxygen) supplied by the external gas source can be introduced into the vaporization chamber 11b.

[0036] In addition, the input end of burner 13 can be connected to the dust removal device 24 in the gasification system (e.g., Figure 5 As shown), the burner 13 is also provided with a second channel. The fly ash discharged from the gasification device 1 is captured by the dust removal device 24 and sent into the second channel in the burner 13. The collected fly ash is guided back to the high temperature zone 11d of the gasification chamber 11b through the second channel, so that the carbon in the fly ash reacts, thereby improving the carbon conversion rate of the gasification system.

[0037] In some embodiments, the gas jetted out of the burner 13 outlet can be inclined at an angle with respect to the center line of the furnace body 11, for example, the angle can be set to 10°-30°, the inflow angle can be set to 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, etc. So that the gas jetted out of the burner 13 is gathered near the exhaust hole 1211 at the upper end of the gasification chamber 11b to form a more concentrated high temperature zone 11d.

[0038] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 the side surface of the first plate body 12 towards the gasification chamber 11b is a first surface 12a, the first surface 12a and the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b form a first included angle θ1, which satisfies: 30°≤θ1≤60°.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present application, by setting the angle range of the first included angle θ1, the first plate body 12 can play a role of converging and guiding the coarse synthesis gas generated at the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b, so as to ensure that the coarse synthesis gas passes through the high temperature zone 11d. At the same time, the low-temperature coarse synthesis gas generated by the lower fluidized bed can also form a cooling effect on the edge part of the first plate body 12 at the top of the gasification chamber 11b, avoiding the adhesion of molten ash to the surface of the first plate body 12.

[0040] It can be understood that if the first included angle θ1 is less than 30°, the inclination of the first plate body 12 with respect to the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b is too large, so that the first plate body 12 needs to occupy more space in the gasification chamber 11b. In order to ensure the volume of the gasification chamber 11b, the volume of the furnace body 11 needs to be increased, resulting in that the furnace body 11 is too large, not only occupying space, but also increasing the cost. If the first included angle θ1 is greater than 60°, the inclination of the first plate body 12 with respect to the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b is too small, so that the first plate body 12 cannot play an effective gas converging role, so that the low-temperature coarse synthesis gas generated in the gasification chamber 11b is easy to bypass the high temperature zone 11d, and the tar in the coarse synthesis gas cannot be completely removed. At the same time, it is also easy to cause the contact area between the first plate body 12 and the high temperature zone 11d to be too large, so that the surface of the first heat dissipation plate 1213 is easy to accumulate ash, causing the problem of slagging.

[0041] Specifically, the first included angle θ1 is determined as follows: a cross section is made along the axis direction of the furnace body 11, the straight line formed by the intersection of the cross section and the first surface 12a of the first plate body 12 is a first straight line, and the straight line formed by the intersection of the cross section and the inner wall of the furnace body 11 is a second straight line. The included angle between the first straight line and the second straight line is the first included angle θ1. The inner wall of the furnace body 11 can be a cylindrical surface, at this time the first surface 12a is a conical surface, and the first straight line is the generatrix of the conical surface.

[0042] Specifically, the first included angle θ1 can be set as 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, or any other angle or a range between any two angles.

[0043] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the first plate body 12 includes an intermediate portion 121 close to the center of the furnace body 11 and an edge portion 122 surrounding the intermediate portion 121, and the edge portion 122 is connected with the inner wall of the furnace body 11. Further, an exhaust hole 1211 is arranged at the intermediate position of the first plate body 12, the exhaust hole 1211 is communicated with the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11, and the burner 13 is arranged in the intermediate portion 121.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the exhaust hole 1211 is arranged in the intermediate portion 121 of the first plate body 12, and the exhaust hole 1211 is communicated with the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11, so as to exhaust the synthesis gas in the gasification chamber 11b outward through the exhaust hole 1211. At the same time, the burner 13 is arranged in the intermediate portion 121, so as to spray the gas flow from the nozzle to the position close to the exhaust hole 1211 in the gasification chamber 11b, so as to form the high-temperature zone 11d around the exhaust hole 1211 at the top of the gasification chamber 11b, and the raw synthesis gas generated at the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b rises and then is exhausted through the exhaust hole 1211 after passing through the high-temperature zone 11d.

[0045] Optionally, the intermediate portion 121 is provided with a plurality of first gas injection holes 1212, and the plurality of first gas injection holes 1212 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the intermediate portion 121, that is, the plurality of first gas injection holes 1212 are arranged at intervals around the exhaust hole 1211, and the first gas injection hole 1212 is used to guide the gas in the cooling chamber 11a to the gasification chamber 11b.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of first gas injection holes 1212 are arranged in the intermediate portion 121, and the gas in the cooling chamber 11a can be guided to the gasification chamber 11b through the first gas injection hole 1212, so as to form a gas isolation effect on the side surface of the intermediate portion 121 of the first heat dissipation plate 1213 facing the gasification chamber 11b, which can prevent the molten ash in the high-temperature zone 11d from adhering to the surface of the first plate body 12, thereby reducing the accumulation of ash to form large slag, and avoiding the large slag from falling into the fluidized bed at the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b to affect the safe operation of the fluidized bed.

[0047] Optionally, as shown in Figure 3 , the side surface of the first plate body 12 facing the gasification chamber 11b is a first surface 12a, and the center line of the first gas injection hole 1212 and the first surface 12a form a second included angle θ2, which satisfies: θ2≤20°.

[0048] In the embodiments of the present application, the second included angle θ2 between the center line of the first gas injection hole 1212 and the first surface 12a is less than or equal to 20°, so that the cooling gas S4 is formed by the gas in the cooling chamber 11a being sprayed from the first gas injection hole 1212, and the cooling gas S4 flows along the surface of the first plate body 12, thereby forming an isolation gas wall on the surface of the middle part 121 of the first plate body 12 to prevent the adhesion of molten ash on the surface of the first plate body 12, and avoiding the impact of the cooling gas on the high-temperature area 11d.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first surface 12a is a conical surface, and the second included angle θ2 is the included angle between the center line of the first gas injection hole 1212 and the generatrix of the conical surface of the first surface 12a.

[0050] Specifically, the second included angle θ2 can be set to 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 18°, 20°, or any other angle or a range between any two angles.

[0051] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 The edge part 122 of the first plate body 12 is provided with a first heat insulation layer 123 on the side facing the gasification chamber 11b. The first heat insulation layer 123 is arranged on the side of the edge part 122 of the first plate body 12 facing the gasification chamber 11b to play a heat insulation role, reduce the heat conduction between the gasification chamber 11b and the cooling chamber 11a, and also play a role of isolation and protection for the first plate body 12.

[0052] Specifically, the first heat insulation layer 123 can be made of high-temperature resistant heat insulation materials, such as ceramic heat insulation materials, fiber heat insulation materials, and composite heat insulation materials. Of course, the specific material of the first heat insulation layer 123 can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

[0053] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 The middle part 121 of the first plate body 12 includes a heat dissipation plate 1213 and at least two cooling pipes 1214. The heat dissipation plate 1213 is provided with an exhaust hole 1211, and the at least two cooling pipes 1214 are arranged in the heat dissipation plate 1213 and are spaced around the exhaust hole 1211.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, the middle part 121 of the first plate body 12 is formed by the heat dissipation plate 1213 and the cooling pipe 1214, the exhaust hole 1211 is arranged in the middle part 121, and the cooling medium is introduced into the cooling pipe 1214 to achieve the heat exchange cooling effect. In addition, the heat dissipation plate 1213 is in thermal conduction connection with the cooling pipe 1214, and the heat dissipation plate 1213 can not only play a role of mounting and fixing the cooling pipe 1214, but also increase the heat exchange area.

[0055] In some embodiments, multiple cooling pipes 1214 may be provided, and the multiple cooling pipes 1214 are arranged radially and evenly spaced around the exhaust hole 1211. The cooling pipes 1214 extend radially along the exhaust hole 1211 so that heat exchange and cooling can be achieved simultaneously by using multiple cooling pipes 1214, which helps to improve the cooling effect.

[0056] In other embodiments, the cooling pipe 1214 may also be in a ring shape, surrounding the exhaust port 1211, and multiple ring-shaped cooling pipes 1214 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the exhaust port 1211, thereby improving the cooling effect of the first plate 12. Alternatively, the cooling pipe 1214 may also be arranged in a serpentine pattern. Of course, the cooling pipe 1214 may also adopt other shapes and structures, which can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and are not limited here.

[0057] In some embodiments, the heat sink 1213 may be composed of multiple heat sinks, with one heat sink disposed between two adjacent cooling pipes 1214 to connect and fix the two cooling pipes 1214, while also allowing heat conduction between the heat sink and the cooling pipes 1214. For example, heat sinks may be selected as heat dissipation fins to increase the heat dissipation area.

[0058] It is understandable that the edge portion 122 of the first plate 12 can also adopt the same or similar structure as the middle portion 121, except that there is no need to open a hole structure in the edge portion 122. That is, the first plate 12 is formed by connecting the heat dissipation plate 1213 and the cooling pipe 1214, and the first jet hole 1212 is opened at the corresponding position in the middle portion 121. In this way, the first plate 12 can prevent heat transfer from the vaporization chamber 11b to the cooling chamber 11a.

[0059] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heat sink 1213 is provided with multiple sets of first jet holes 1212. Each set of first jet holes 1212 includes multiple first jet holes 1212 spaced around the exhaust hole 1211. The multiple sets of first jet holes 1212 are arranged radially spaced along the exhaust hole 1211.

[0060] In this embodiment, multiple sets of first jet holes 1212 are provided in the heat sink 1213 so that the low-temperature gas from the cooling chamber 11a can be guided to the vaporization chamber 11b, thereby achieving a cooling effect and preventing molten ash from adhering to the surface of the first plate 12. Furthermore, the multiple first jet holes 1212 in each set are arranged in a ring around the exhaust hole 1211, and the multiple sets of first jet holes 1212 are arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211. This improves the uniformity of the arrangement of the first jet holes 1212 in the heat sink 1213, thereby improving the uniformity of the distribution of the cooling gas exiting from the first jet holes 1212.

[0061] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, the first jet holes 1212 in the two adjacent groups of first jet holes 1212 are staggered with each other. In this way, the coverage area of the first jet holes 1212 can be increased, so that the cooling effect of the cooling gas guided by the first jet holes 1212 can be further improved.

[0062] Alternatively, in the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, the first jet holes 1212 in the two adjacent groups of first jet holes 1212 are arranged in the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211. With this arrangement, the arrangement of the first jet holes 1212 is relatively regular, so that the structure of the first jet holes 1212 in the heat dissipation plate 1213 can be easily arranged.

[0063] It can be understood that, in the two adjacent groups of first jet holes 1212, the line connecting the center of the first jet hole 1212 in one group of first jet holes 1212 and the center of the exhaust hole 1211 is the first line, and the line connecting the center of the first jet hole 1212 in the other group of first jet holes 1212 and the center of the exhaust hole 1211 is the second line. The first jet holes 1212 in the two adjacent groups of first jet holes 1212 are staggered with each other, which means that the first line is not collinear with the second line. The first jet holes 1212 in the two adjacent groups of first jet holes 1212 are arranged in the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, which means that the first line is collinear with the second line.

[0064] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 the first angle B1 between the two adjacent cooling pipes 1214; the line connecting the center of the first jet hole 1212 and the center of the middle part 121 is the first line, the cooling pipe 1214 adjacent to the first jet hole 1212 is the first cooling pipe, and the first line and the center line of the first cooling pipe form the second angle B2, which satisfies: B1=4*B2. In order to design the position of the first jet hole 1212 in the heat dissipation plate 1213 based on the distance between the two adjacent cooling pipes 1214, so as to ensure that the plurality of first jet holes 1212 in the heat dissipation plate 1213 between the two cooling pipes 1214 are uniformly distributed.

[0065] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the heat dissipation plate 1213 between the two adjacent cooling pipes 1214 is provided with a plurality of first air injection holes 1212, the plurality of first air injection holes 1212 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, among the two adjacent first air injection holes 1212 along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, the first air injection hole 1212 close to the exhaust hole 1211 is the first air injection hole K1, and the first air injection hole 1212 away from the exhaust hole 1211 is the second air injection hole K2, the center line between the two adjacent cooling pipes 1214 forms a first angle B1, then the angle between the center line of the first air injection hole K1 and the center of the middle part 121 and the center line of the right cooling pipe 1214 is B1*1 / 4, and the angle between the center line of the second air injection hole K2 and the center of the middle part 121 and the center line of the left cooling pipe 1214 is also B1*1 / 4.

[0066] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the distance L between the two adjacent first air injection holes 1212 along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211 satisfies: 200mm≤L≤400mm. By setting the distance L between the two adjacent first air injection holes 1212 along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, the coverage area of each first air injection hole 1212 is ensured, and the strength of the heat dissipation plate 1213 is avoided to be reduced due to too dense arrangement of the first air injection holes 1212, and the cooling effect is avoided to be affected due to too sparse arrangement of the first air injection holes 1212.

[0067] For example, the distance L can be set to 200mm, 230mm, 250mm, 280mm, 300mm, 320mm, 350mm, 370mm, 400mm, or any range between any two values.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, in the case that the first air injection holes 1212 in the two adjacent groups of first air injection holes 1212 are staggered along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, one of the first air injection holes 1212 in one group of first air injection holes 1212 is the air injection hole K1, one of the first air injection holes 1212 in the other group of first air injection holes 1212 close to the air injection hole K1 is the air injection hole K2, and the air injection hole K1 and the air injection hole K2 are staggered along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, the distance L is the distance between the centers of the air injection hole K2 and the air injection hole K1 along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211.

[0069] In another specific embodiment, in the case that the first air injection holes 1212 in the two adjacent groups of first air injection holes 1212 are collinear along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211, the distance L is the distance between the centers of the two adjacent first air injection holes 1212 along the radial direction of the exhaust hole 1211.

[0070] Optionally, asFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the gasification device further comprises an exhaust cylinder 14, the exhaust cylinder 14 is formed with an exhaust passage 14a between the exhaust hole 1211 and the guide outlet 111, the exhaust passage 14a communicates the exhaust hole 1211 and the guide outlet 111.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the exhaust cylinder 14 is arranged between the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11 and the exhaust hole 1211 of the first plate body 12, the exhaust passage 14a is formed in the exhaust cylinder 14, and the synthesis gas in the gasification chamber 11b passing through the high-temperature zone 11d can be discharged out of the furnace body 11 through the exhaust passage 14a.

[0072] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the exhaust cylinder 14 comprises an inclined section 141 and a straight cylinder section 142, one end of the inclined section 141 is connected with the first plate body 12, the other end of the inclined section 141 extends obliquely away from the first plate body 12 and away from the center line (as shown by the dotted line in the figure) of the furnace body 11, and / or the straight cylinder section 142 is connected to the other end of the inclined section 141, and the center line of the straight cylinder section 142 is parallel to the center line of the furnace body 11. Preferably, the center line of the straight cylinder section 142 coincides with the center line of the furnace body 11. Figure 1 Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, the exhaust cylinder 14 is arranged between the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11 and the exhaust hole 1211 of the first plate body 12, the exhaust passage 14a is formed by the exhaust cylinder 14, and the synthesis gas in the gasification chamber 11b passing through the high-temperature zone 11d can be discharged out of the furnace body 11 through the exhaust passage 14a. The end of the exhaust cylinder 14 close to the exhaust hole 1211 is provided as the inclined section 141 to reduce the contact area between the exhaust cylinder 14 and the high-temperature zone 11d and reduce the adhesion of the molten ash on the surface of the exhaust cylinder 14.

[0073] Further, the center line of the straight cylinder section 142 is arranged to be parallel to the center line of the furnace body 11 to reduce the resistance of the straight cylinder section 142 to the gas flow and facilitate the synthesis gas to be discharged out of the exhaust passage 14a more smoothly.

[0074] Specifically, the inclined section 141 has a structure of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the lower end of the inclined section 141 is connected with the first plate body 12, the lower end of the straight cylinder section 142 is connected with the upper end of the inclined section 141, and the upper end of the straight cylinder section 142 extends to the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11. The exhaust cylinder 14 can be of an integrated structure, and the end of the exhaust cylinder 14 close to the exhaust hole 1211 forms the tapered inclined section 141.

[0075] Specifically, the inclined section 141 has a structure of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the lower end of the inclined section 141 is connected with the first plate body 12, the lower end of the straight cylinder section 142 is connected with the upper end of the inclined section 141, and the upper end of the straight cylinder section 142 extends to the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11. The exhaust cylinder 14 can be of an integrated structure, and the end of the exhaust cylinder 14 close to the exhaust hole 1211 forms the tapered inclined section 141.

[0076] ​In some embodiments, the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 can adopt an integrated structure, and the connection between the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 is provided as a circular arc transition structure to smoothly transition between the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14, thereby reducing stress concentration at the connection and facilitating the flow of gas from the gasification chamber 11b to the exhaust passage 14a.

[0077] In other embodiments, the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 both adopt an equal-thickness plate structure, and the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 form an included angle θ7, which satisfies θ1 = θ7 + θ3. Further, 0° < θ7 ≤ 50° is set to facilitate the reasonable layout of the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 in the furnace body 11.

[0078] Of course, the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 can also adopt other structures, as long as the first face 12a in the first plate body 12 forms the first included angle θ1 with the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b, and the second face 141a in the exhaust cylinder 14 forms the third included angle θ3 with the center line of the furnace body 11. The specific structure of the first plate body 12 and the exhaust cylinder 14 can be flexibly set as needed, and is not limited herein.

[0079] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 the face of the inclined section 141 facing the exhaust passage 14a is the second face 141a, and the second face 141a forms the third included angle θ3 with the center line of the furnace body 11, which satisfies: 10° ≤ θ3 ≤ 30°. By setting the inclination of the inclined section 141 of the exhaust cylinder 14, the accumulation of ash on the surface of the exhaust cylinder 14 is reduced, and the occurrence of blockage of the exhaust passage 14a is avoided. At the same time, the contact area between the exhaust cylinder 14 and the high-temperature zone 11d can be reduced.

[0080] It can be understood that if the third included angle θ3 is less than 10°, the inclination of the inclined section 141 is too small, and the high-temperature zone 11d formed is easy to spread into the exhaust passage 14a, resulting in too large a contact area between the high-temperature zone 11d and the exhaust cylinder 14. If the third included angle θ3 is greater than 30°, the inclination of the inclined section 141 is too large, which is not conducive to the shedding of ash on the surface of the exhaust cylinder 14, and the ash is easy to accumulate, thereby causing blockage of the exhaust passage 14a.

[0081] In some embodiments, the second face 141a is a conical face, and the included angle between the generatrix of the conical face of the second face 141a and the center line of the furnace body 11 is the third included angle θ3.

[0082] Specifically, the third included angle θ3 can be set to: 10°, 12°, 15°, 18°, 20°, 25°, 30°, or any angle or range between any two angles.

[0083] Optionally, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the inclined section 141 is provided with a plurality of second jet holes 1411 on the side near the exhaust port 1211, and the plurality of second jet holes 1411 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the inclined section 141; the surface of the inclined section 141 facing the exhaust channel 14a is the second surface 141a, and the center line of the second jet hole 1411 forms a fourth included angle θ4 with the second surface 141a, satisfying: θ4≤20°.

[0084] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the fourth included angle θ4 between the center line of the second jet hole 1411 and the second surface 141a to be less than or equal to 20°, the high-temperature gas in the cooling chamber 11a is ejected from the second jet hole 1411 to form cooling gas S4. The cooling gas S4 flows along the surface of the exhaust pipe 14, thereby forming an isolation air wall on the inner surface of the inclined section 141 to prevent the molten ash from adhering to the surface of the exhaust pipe 14, and at the same time, avoiding the impact of the cooling gas on the high-temperature zone 11d.

[0085] Specifically, the fourth included angle θ4 can be set to any angle or a range between any two angles, such as 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 18°, or 20°.

[0086] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of quenching holes 1412 are provided on the side of the inclined section 141 away from the exhaust hole 1211. The plurality of quenching holes 1412 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the inclined section 141. The θ6 between the center line of the quenching hole 1412 and the center line of the furnace body 11 satisfies: θ6=90°±3°.

[0087] In this embodiment, by providing a quenching hole 1412 on the side of the inclined section 141 away from the exhaust hole 1211, the quenching hole 1412 guides the low-temperature gas in the cooling chamber 11a to the exhaust channel 14a to form a quenching airflow S5. The high-temperature syngas coming out of the high-temperature zone 11d enters the exhaust channel 14a and is discharged upward. The high-temperature syngas is quenched by the quenching airflow S5, so that the temperature of the syngas is reduced to below the melting point of ash (e.g., less than or equal to 900°C), thereby ensuring that the ash of the syngas discharged from the gasification device 1 will not adhere to the corresponding devices when passing through the subsequent waste heat boiler 26 and other devices.

[0088] Specifically, a plurality of quenching holes 1412 are provided on the side of the inclined section 141 away from the exhaust port 1211, and the plurality of quenching holes 1412 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the inclined section 141, so that the low-temperature gas in the cooling chamber 11a is guided by the plurality of quenching holes 1412 to the exhaust channel 14a to form a uniform quenching airflow, so as to achieve the quenching effect on the high-temperature synthesis gas flowing through.

[0089] Further, the included angle θ6 between the center line of the quenching hole 1412 and the center line of the furnace body 11 is set to be in the range of 90°±3°, for example, the included angle θ6 can be set to be any angle or the range between any two angles of 87°, 88°, 89°, 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, etc. Thus, the quenching gas flow sprayed from each quenching hole 1412 is sprayed towards the center of the exhaust passage 14a, thereby ensuring the quenching effect of the quenching gas flow on the passing high-temperature synthesis gas.

[0090] In some embodiments, the hole diameters of the second gas injection hole 1411 and the quenching hole 1412 in the inclined section 141 of the exhaust cylinder 14 can be set to be the same, except that the orientations of the holes are different, so as to facilitate actual design and processing. Of course, the hole diameters of the second gas injection hole 1411 and the quenching hole 1412 can also be set to be different, and the specific hole diameters can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which are not limited herein.

[0091] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 the straight section 142 is provided with a second heat insulation layer 143 on the side facing the exhaust passage 14a. By providing the second heat insulation layer 143 on the side of the straight section 142 of the exhaust cylinder 14 facing the exhaust passage 14a, the heat insulation effect is achieved, the heat conduction between the exhaust passage 14a and the cooling chamber 11a is reduced, and at the same time, the isolation and protection effect of the exhaust cylinder 14 is also achieved.

[0092] In addition, the second heat insulation layer 143 at least partially extends and covers the end of the inclined section 141 close to the straight section 142, thereby forming a protection effect on the connection position of the inclined section 141 and the straight section 142.

[0093] Specifically, the second heat insulation layer 143 can be made of high-temperature resistant heat insulation materials, for example, ceramic heat insulation materials, fiber heat insulation materials, composite heat insulation materials, etc. Of course, the specific material of the second heat insulation layer 143 can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, which is not limited herein. In addition, the second heat insulation layer 143 and the first heat insulation layer 123 can be made of the same material or different materials, which is not limited herein.

[0094] It should be noted that the exhaust cylinder 14 can also be composed of the heat dissipation plate 1213 and the cooling pipe 1214, and the second gas injection hole 1411 and the quenching hole 1412 are formed in the heat dissipation plate 1213 corresponding to the inclined section 141. The specific structure can be set by referring to the structure of the first plate body 12.

[0095] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the gasification device further comprises a burner 13, the burner 13 is arranged in the first plate body 12, specifically, the burner 13 is arranged in the middle part 121 of the first plate body 12, the fifth included angle θ5 between the extending direction of the burner 13 and the center line of the furnace body 11 satisfies: |θ5-θ3|≤5°. Preferably, the fifth included angle θ5 is equal to the third included angle θ3. Specifically, |θ5-θ3| can be set as: 0°, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, etc.

[0096] In the present application, the angle difference range of the fifth included angle θ5 and the third included angle θ3 is set, so that the extending direction of the burner 13 is matched with the inclined direction of the inclined section 141 of the exhaust cylinder 14, thereby ensuring that the jet direction of the burner 13 is directed to the high-temperature zone 11d, and facilitating the structural layout of the burner 13 and the exhaust cylinder 14, so as to improve the compactness of the space layout in the furnace body 11.

[0097] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the furnace body 11 further forms a fluidization gas chamber 11c, the fluidization gas chamber 11c is arranged on the side of the gasification chamber 11b away from the cooling chamber 11a, the fluidization gas chamber 11c and the gasification chamber 11b are separated by the air distribution plate 15, the air distribution plate 15 is provided with an air inlet hole, the air inlet hole is used for guiding the gas in the fluidization gas chamber 11c into the gasification chamber 11b.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the fluidization gas chamber 11c is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 11, the air distribution plate 15 is arranged between the fluidization gas chamber 11c and the gasification chamber 11b, and the gas in the fluidization gas chamber 11c can be guided into the gasification chamber 11b through the air inlet hole in the air distribution plate 15, so that the biomass raw material entering the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b forms a crude synthesis gas.

[0099] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 The present application further provides a gasification system, which comprises the gasification device 1 in the above embodiment.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, the first plate body 12 is arranged between the cooling chamber 11a and the gasification chamber 11b to isolate the cooling chamber 11a and the gasification chamber 11b. Further, the first plate body 12 is arranged to protrude from the edge to the center of the first plate body 12 towards the gasification chamber 11b, so that the surface of the first plate body 12 has a certain inclination. In this way, the high-temperature area 11d formed at the top of the gasification chamber 11b can be concentrated near the center of the first plate body 12, so that most of the area of the first plate body 12 is away from the high-temperature area 11d, which helps to reduce the adhesion of the molten ash on the surface of the first plate body 12. At the same time, the coarse synthesis gas generated at the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b can pass through the high-temperature area 11d under the guidance of the inner wall of the gasification chamber 11b and the first plate body 12, so that the tar in the coarse synthesis gas can be fully cracked, which helps to reduce the content of tar in the final output synthesis gas.

[0101] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 the gasification system further comprises an exhaust pipeline 21, which is in communication with the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11 and is used to guide the gas in the gasification chamber 11b out. In the present application, the exhaust pipeline 21 is in communication with the guide outlet 111 on the furnace body 11, so that the synthesis gas in the exhaust passage 14a after being quenched can be guided out by the exhaust pipeline 21.

[0102] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 the gasification system further comprises a driving member 22 and a backflow pipeline 23, one end of the backflow pipeline 23 is in communication with the output end 211 of the exhaust pipeline 21, the other end of the backflow pipeline 23 is in communication with the cooling chamber 11a, and the driving member 22 is arranged in the backflow pipeline 23 and is used to transport part of the gas in the exhaust pipeline 21 into the cooling chamber 11a.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, the driving member 22 and the backflow pipeline 23 are arranged, the backflow pipeline 23 is in communication with the output end 211 of the exhaust pipeline 21 and the cooling chamber 11a, and the driving member 22 is arranged in the backflow pipeline 23. Through the pressurized driving action of the driving member 22, part of the gas in the exhaust pipeline 21 can be guided into the cooling chamber 11a through the backflow pipeline 23, so as to supply the circulating synthesis gas to the cooling chamber 11a. Part of the circulating synthesis gas is sprayed out through the first gas injection hole 1212 and the second gas injection hole 1411 to form cooling gas, and part of the circulating synthesis gas is sprayed out through the quenching hole 1412 to form a quenching gas flow.

[0104] The driving member 22 can be selected from mechanisms such as compressors and air pumps that can provide driving force, and can be selected flexibly according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

[0105] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5As shown, the gasification system further comprises a dust removal device 24 and a recovery pipeline 25; the dust removal device 24 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 21 and used for removing dust from the gas flowing therethrough; one end of the recovery pipeline 25 is in communication with the dust removal device 24, and the other end of the recovery pipeline 25 is in communication with the burner 13.

[0106] In the embodiment of the present application, the dust removal device 24 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 21, so that the synthesis gas discharged from the gasification device 1 passes through the dust removal device 24 to remove the ash in the synthesis gas, and the removed ash is collected in the recovery pipeline 25, which is in communication with the burner 13, so that the collected ash is sent back to the gasification chamber 11b by the burner 13 and is subjected to high-temperature decarburization, thereby reducing the ash content in the synthesis gas finally discharged from the gasification system and improving the carbon conversion rate of the gasification system.

[0107] In a specific application, the recovery pipeline 25 can also be in communication with a gas source, and a gas (for example, CO2) is introduced into the recovery pipeline 25 through the gas source, so as to send the collected ash back to the gasification chamber 11b. Of course, other types of gas can also be used, which can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.

[0108] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 the gasification system further comprises a waste heat boiler 26, which is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 21 and located between the dust removal device 24 and the guide outlet 111; and the recovery pipeline 25 is also in communication with the waste heat boiler 26.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, the waste heat boiler 26 is arranged at the front end of the dust removal device 24 in the exhaust pipeline 21, so that the synthesis gas discharged from the gasification device 1 flows through the waste heat boiler 26 to exchange heat with the waste heat boiler 26, and the recovery pipeline 25 is in communication with the waste heat boiler 26 to collect the ash deposited in the heat exchange process. In this way, the energy in the synthesis gas can be recycled and utilized, and the ash content in the synthesis gas can be reduced.

[0110] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 the gasification system further comprises a purification device 27, which is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 21 and located between the dust removal device 24 and the output end 211 of the exhaust pipeline 21, and used for purifying the gas flowing therethrough. The purification device 27 is arranged at the rear end of the dust removal device 24 to purify the synthesis gas flowing therethrough.

[0111] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 the gasification system further comprises a feeding device 28, which is in communication with the gasification chamber 11b and used for feeding materials to the gasification chamber 11b. The feeding device 28 can be used to uniformly feed the biomass raw material into the gasification chamber 11b, so that the biomass raw material is gasified in the gasification chamber 11b.

[0112] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 The gasification system further comprises a collecting device 29, which is in communication with the bottom of the gasification chamber 11b and is used to collect the ash produced by the gasification chamber 11b. The collecting device 29 is connected to the bottom of the gasification chamber 11b so as to collect the ash discharged from the bottom of the gasification chamber 11b by using the collecting device 29.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 The working mechanism of the gasification system provided in the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0114] The biomass raw material A enters the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b in the furnace body 11 through the feeding device 28, and the lower part of the gasification chamber 11b is the dense phase zone of the fluidized bed. At the same time, the gasification agent B is introduced into the fluidization gas chamber 11c, wherein the gasification agent B can be a mixture of steam and oxygen, or a mixture of steam, oxygen and CO2, and the gasification agent B enters the gasification chamber 11b from the fluidization gas chamber 11c to react with the biomass raw material A to produce the crude synthesis gas. The crude synthesis gas rises through the high-temperature zone 11d generated by the flame of the burner 13 in the upper part of the gasification chamber 11b, so that the tar and other substances in the crude synthesis gas are further cracked. The synthesis gas passing through the high-temperature zone 11d enters the exhaust passage 14a through the exhaust hole 1211, is cooled by the cooling gas stream sprayed from the cooling hole 1412, and then enters the exhaust pipeline 21. In the exhaust pipeline 21, the fly ash carried by the synthesis gas is collected by the recovery pipeline 25 and sent back to the burner 13 through CO2 (E in the figure). The ash after reaction in the gasification chamber 11a is collected and discharged through the collecting device 29 arranged at the lower end of the gasification device 1.

[0115] Further, the backflow pipeline 23 is arranged between the output end 211 of the exhaust pipeline 21 and the gasification device 1, and the backflow pipeline 23 is provided with a compressor. A part of the purified synthesis gas H in the exhaust pipeline 21 is pressurized by the compressor 7 to form the circulating synthesis gas J and is sent to the cooling chamber 11a.

[0116] The burner 13 is provided with an inner passage and an outer passage. The mixture of fly ash and CO2 is introduced into the inner passage, and oxygen C is introduced into the outer passage. After the gas stream in the burner 13 is sprayed into the gasification chamber 11b, a high-temperature zone 11d is formed as shown in Figure 2The local high temperature zone 11d is shown, the temperature of the high temperature zone 11d is greater than or equal to 1100℃, and the biomass ash in the high temperature zone 11d is in a molten state and is easy to adhere to the nearby wall. In the present application, the first plate body 12 at the top of the gasification chamber 11b is designed in a conical structure to control the high temperature zone 11d to be located at the center of the gasification chamber 11b, away from most of the wall of the gasification chamber 11b, and only a small part of the wall is close to the high temperature zone 11d. Moreover, the wall near the high temperature zone 11d is designed as a cold plate structure, and the cooling gas (such as Figure 2 indicated by arrow S4) sprayed through the gas injection holes (including the first gas injection hole 1212 and the second gas injection hole 1411) in the cold plate structure is used for cooling, so as to ensure that the molten ash in the high temperature zone 11d will not adhere to the wall of the gasification chamber 11b, thereby avoiding the formation of large slag and the problem of large slag falling into the lower fluidized bed to affect the safe operation of the fluidized bed. In addition, in the present application, the direction of the cooling gas (i.e. the circulating synthesis gas J) sprayed by the first gas injection hole 1212 in the first plate body 12 and the second gas injection hole 1411 in the exhaust cylinder 14 is along the wall, so as to reduce the impact on the core high temperature zone 11d.

[0117] Further, the high temperature synthesis gas from the high temperature zone 11d flows through the exhaust passage 14a, and is quenched by the quenching gas stream (such as Figure 2 indicated by arrow S5) sprayed through the quenching hole 1412, so that the temperature of the synthesis gas is reduced to below the melting point of the ash (such as Figure 2 indicated by arrow S3), thereby ensuring that there is no molten ash in the synthesis gas entering the exhaust passage 14a from the gasification device 1, so as to avoid the ash adhering to the heating surface of the waste heat boiler 26.

[0118] As shown in Figure 2 , arrow S1 represents the coarse synthesis gas generated by the lower fluidized bed of the gasification chamber 11b at 700-800℃; arrow S2 represents the synthesis gas generated by the outlet of the burner 13 at 1100-1300℃; arrow S4 represents the cooling gas (including a mixture of circulating synthesis gas J and water vapor) sprayed by the cooling chamber 11a; arrow S5 represents the quenching gas (including a mixture of circulating synthesis gas J and water vapor) sprayed by the cooling chamber 11a; and arrow S3 represents the quenched synthesis gas with a temperature less than or equal to 900℃.

[0119] In some embodiments, the spraying speed of the cooling gas sprayed by the first gas injection hole 1212 and / or the second gas injection hole 1411 can be greater than or equal to 30m / s, so as to avoid the first gas injection hole 1212 and / or the second gas injection hole 1411 being blocked.

[0120] In other embodiments, the spraying speed of the quenching gas sprayed by the quenching hole 1412 can be greater than or equal to 30m / s, so as to avoid the quenching hole 1412 being blocked.

[0121] Of course, the jet velocity of the first jet hole 1212, the second jet hole 1411 and the quenching hole 1412 can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

[0122] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0123] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gasification device, characterized in that, The application relates to a gasification device. The furnace body is internally provided with a cavity, the periphery of the first plate body is connected with the inner wall of the furnace body, the cavity is divided into a cooling chamber and a gasification chamber, and the first plate body protrudes towards the gasification chamber from the edge to the center. The side surface of the first plate body towards the gasification chamber is a first surface, and the first surface and the inner wall of the gasification chamber form a first included angle theta 1, which satisfies 30 DEG <= theta 1 <= 60 DEG.

2. The gasification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The first plate body comprises a middle part close to the center of the furnace body and an edge part surrounding the middle part, and the edge part is connected with the inner wall of the furnace body.

3. The gasification device of claim 1, wherein, The middle part is provided with a plurality of first gas injection holes, and the first gas injection holes are arranged along the circumference of the middle part. The side surface of the first plate body towards the gasification chamber is a first surface, and the center line of the first gas injection hole and the first surface form a second included angle theta 2, which satisfies theta 2 <= 20 DEG.

4. The gasification device according to claim 3, characterized in that The middle part comprises a heat dissipation plate and at least two cooling pipes arranged in the heat dissipation plate, the center of the heat dissipation plate is provided with an exhaust hole, and the cooling pipes are arranged along the circumference of the exhaust hole.

5. The gasification device of claim 3, wherein The heat dissipation plate is provided with a plurality of groups of first gas injection holes, each group of first gas injection holes comprises a plurality of first gas injection holes arranged along the circumference of the exhaust hole, and the groups of first gas injection holes are arranged along the radial direction of the exhaust hole.

6. The gasification device of claim 5, wherein, The included angle between the two adjacent cooling pipes is B1, the center line of the first gas injection hole and the center of the middle part form a first line, the cooling pipe adjacent to the first gas injection hole is a first cooling pipe, the first line and the center line of the first cooling pipe form a second angle B2, and B1 = 4 * B2.

7. The gasification device according to claim 6, characterized in that The distance between the two adjacent first gas injection holes along the radial direction of the exhaust hole is L, and 200 mm <= L <= 400 mm.

8. The gasification device of claim 6, wherein, The gasification device further comprises an exhaust cylinder, the exhaust cylinder is provided with an exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage is communicated with the exhaust hole.

9. Gasification apparatus according to any of claims 5-8, characterized in that The exhaust cylinder comprises an inclined section and a straight section, one end of the inclined section is connected with the first plate body, and the other end of the inclined section extends in a direction away from the center line of the first plate body and away from the center line of the furnace body. The straight section is connected with the other end of the inclined section, and the center line of the straight section is parallel to the center line of the furnace body. The surface of the inclined section towards the exhaust passage is a second surface, the second surface and the center line of the furnace body form a third included angle theta 3, which satisfies 10 DEG <= theta 3 <= 30 DEG.

10. The gasification device of claim 9, wherein, The side of the inclined section close to the exhaust hole is provided with a plurality of second gas injection holes, and the second gas injection holes are arranged along the circumference of the inclined section; the surface of the inclined section towards the exhaust passage is a second surface, the center line of the second gas injection hole and the second surface form a fourth included angle theta 4, which satisfies theta 4 <= 20 DEG.

11. The gasification device of claim 9, wherein, The side of the inclined section away from the exhaust hole is provided with a plurality of quenching holes, and the quenching holes are arranged along the circumference of the inclined section; the included angle theta 6 between the center line of the quenching hole and the center line of the furnace body satisfies theta 6 = 90 DEG + 3 DEG.

12. The gasification device of claim 11, wherein, The application relates to a gasification device.

13. A gasification system characterized by, ​ A gasification apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-12.

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