Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic module may include: a cover plate; a back plate; packaging the adhesive layer and the battery array; the battery array comprises a battery string, an insulating part and a bus bar; the insulating parts are arranged at the ends of the battery strings respectively, one part of each insulating part is fixed to the outer side edge of the back face of the corresponding end battery piece, and the outer side edges of the back faces of the end battery pieces are located in the extending direction of the battery strings and are perpendicular to the extending direction of the battery strings; the other part of the insulating part extends out of the outer side edge of the end part battery piece, and groove structures are arranged at intervals; the bus bar is laminated on the back surface of the insulator; the bus bar is electrically connected with the front face of the end battery piece through a plurality of bent welding strips, the bent welding strips correspond to the groove structures arranged at intervals, the bent welding strips are embedded in the corresponding groove structures, and the welding strips electrically connected with the back face of the end battery piece and the portions, electrically connected with the bus bar, of the bent welding strips are arranged in a staggered mode. The photovoltaic module can effectively reduce the hidden crack risk of the battery piece and improve the performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of photovoltaic modules. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the structure of a photovoltaic module is to fold the busbar in the photovoltaic module to the back of the cell string, so that the busbar cannot be seen from the front of the photovoltaic module, increasing the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module and reducing the inter-string spacing between the cell strings in the photovoltaic module to improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic module. However, for the structure of folding the busbar to the back of the cell string, on the one hand, the folding position of the solder strip will press on the edge of the cell sheet, causing a risk of hidden cracks on the edge of the cell sheet; on the other hand, the solder strip segment folded to the back of the cell sheet overlaps with the solder strip on the back of the cell sheet, further increasing the pressure on the edge of the cell sheet and further increasing the risk of hidden cracks on the edge of the cell sheet. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, the insulating part of the photovoltaic module has a groove structure cooperating with the bent solder strip, and the bent solder strip is embedded in the groove structure to reduce the pressure on the edge of the end cell sheet caused by the bent solder strip. In addition, the solder strip electrically connected to the back of the end cell sheet is arranged staggered with the part of the bent solder strip electrically connected to the busbar, avoiding the stacking of the solder strip electrically connected to the back of the end cell sheet and the bent solder strip, so that the solder strip electrically connected to the back of the end cell sheet and the bent solder strip are evenly distributed on the edge of the end cell sheet, reducing the pressure on the end cell sheet caused by the solder strip and the bent solder strip, reducing the risk of hidden cracks on the edge of the cell sheet, and improving the performance of the module.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0005] a cover plate;

[0006] a back plate;

[0007] an encapsulating adhesive layer;

[0008] and a cell array;

[0009] The cell array includes a plurality of cell strings, a plurality of insulating parts, and a busbar;

[0010] The plurality of insulating parts are arranged at the ends of the plurality of cell strings, and a part of the insulating part is fixed to the outer edge of the back of the end cell sheet, wherein the outer edge of the back of the end cell sheet is located in the extension direction of the cell string and perpendicular to the extension direction of the cell string;

[0011] Another part of the insulating part extends out of the outer edge of the end cell sheet, and a groove structure is arranged therebetween in a spaced-apart manner;

[0012] The busbar is laminated on the back of the insulating part;

[0013] At one end of each of the battery strings, one of the bus bars is electrically connected to the front surface of the end cell through a plurality of bent welding bands;

[0014] At the other end of each of the battery strings, the other bus bar is electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell through a plurality of bent welding bands;

[0015] For each of the end cells, the plurality of bent welding bands electrically connected to the end cell correspond to the groove structures spaced apart from the insulating member fixed to the end cell, and the bent welding bands are embedded in the corresponding groove structures, and the welding bands electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell are arranged staggered with the part of the bus bar electrically connected to the bent welding band.

[0016] The technical scheme of the first aspect of the utility model has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0017] The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantages: the insulating member is arranged at the end of the battery string, a part of the insulating member is fixed to the outer side edge of the back surface of the end cell, and the other part of the insulating member extends out of the outer side edge of the end cell, so that the bending part of the bent welding band is away from the edge of the end cell, and the pressure of the bent welding band on the edge of the end cell is reduced. Further, the bent welding band cooperates with the groove structure of the insulating member, the groove structure limits the bent welding band, the part of the bent welding band located on the back surface of the end cell and the part of the bent welding band located on the front surface of the end cell can be adjusted independently, that is, the welding band electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell is arranged staggered with the part of the bus bar electrically connected to the bent welding band, the part of the bent welding band located on the front surface of the end cell can be prevented from being displaced, the aesthetic appearance and current collection capacity of the bent welding band on the front surface of the end cell are ensured, and in addition, the welding band electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell is arranged staggered with the part of the bus bar electrically connected to the bent welding band, the welding band electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell and the bent welding band are prevented from being stacked, the welding band electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell and the bent welding band are uniformly dispersed at the edge of the end cell, the pressure of the welding band and the bent welding band on the end cell is reduced, the risk of hidden cracks at the edge of the end cell is reduced, and the performance of the module is improved.

[0018] Further, a part of the insulating member is fixed to the outer side edge of the back surface of the end cell, the insulating member can be prevented from moving or deviating, and the risk of short circuit caused by the folding of the bus bar is reduced.

[0019] In addition, the welding band electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell is arranged staggered with the part of the bus bar electrically connected to the bent welding band, the thickness of the photovoltaic module after lamination can be reduced, the stress of the bent welding band on the end cell is reduced, the risk of hidden cracks at the edge of the end cell is further reduced, and the reliability of the module is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the cell string extension direction of the relative relationship between the end cell piece and the bending solder strip in the photovoltaic module according to the prior art;

[0021] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view perpendicular to the cell string extension direction of the relative relationship between the end cell piece and the bending solder strip in the photovoltaic module according to the prior art;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the cell string extension direction of the first kind of partial structure of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the cell string extension direction of the second kind of partial structure of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the cell string extension direction of the third kind of partial structure of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the relative position relationship between the end cell piece, the bending solder strip, the bearing film, the insulating piece and the busbar according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 is a bottom view schematic view of the first kind of relative position relationship between the end cell piece, the bending solder strip, the insulating piece and the busbar according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 is a bottom view schematic view of the second kind of relative position relationship between the end cell piece, the bending solder strip, the insulating piece and the busbar corresponding to Figure 7 according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 is a bottom view schematic view of the third kind of relative position relationship between the end cell piece, the bending solder strip, the insulating piece and the busbar according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 is a bottom view schematic view of the fourth kind of relative position relationship between the end cell piece, the bending solder strip, the insulating piece and the busbar corresponding to Figure 9 according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the relative relationship between the solder strip and the bending solder strip of the front and back of the end cell piece according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 12is a partial structure schematic view of the first structure of the insulating piece according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 13 is a partial structure schematic view of the second structure of the insulating piece according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 14 is a partial structure schematic view of the third structure of the insulating piece according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 15 is a partial structure schematic view of the insulating piece according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 16 is the main flow schematic view in the photovoltaic module preparation method according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 17 is the main flow schematic view of cell string in the photovoltaic module preparation method according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 18 is the structure change schematic view of cell string preparation process in the photovoltaic module preparation method according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0038] The reference signs are as follows:

[0039] 10-cover plate;20-back plate;30-encapsulation adhesive layer;41-cell string;411-end cell piece;412-cell piece;413-carrying film;42-insulating piece;421-groove structure;422-adhesive layer;423-insulating layer;42'-existing insulating layer;43-busbar;44-bent solder strip;45-solder strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In the prior art, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , for the existing photovoltaic module structure, the busbar 43 is laminated on the back of the end cell piece 411, and the existing insulating layer 42' is arranged between the busbar 43 and the back of the end cell piece 411. On the one hand, as shown in Figure 1 , the existing photovoltaic module structure, in the process of folding the busbar 43 to the back of the end cell piece 411, the bent solder strip 44 will generate pressure F1 on the edge of the end cell piece 411, especially in the laminating process, the pressure F1 will be further increased, so that the end cell piece 411 has the risk of hidden cracking;On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2 , after the bent solder strip 44 is folded to the back of the end cell piece 411, the bent solder strip 44 corresponds to the solder strip 45 on the back of the end cell piece 411, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the bending solder strip 44 is folded to the back part of the end cell piece 411, which generates relatively concentrated stress F2 to the end cell piece 411, further increasing the risk of the end cell piece 411 being cracked.

[0041] In addition, for the existing photovoltaic module structure, the existing insulation layer 42' introduced is movable, and in the folding process of the busbar 43, the existing insulation layer 42' has a risk of moving or shifting, causing the busbar 43 to directly contact the back of the end cell piece 411, which is easy to cause the photovoltaic module to be short-circuited.

[0042] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model embodiment provides a photovoltaic module with a novel structure and a preparation method thereof.

[0043] The photovoltaic module in the utility model embodiment can be any type of photovoltaic module, such as a double-glass module, a single-glass module, etc. The cell piece applied to the photovoltaic module can be any solar cell with a main grid line or a main grid-free solar cell (such as a silicon-based solar cell, a perovskite solar cell, etc., wherein the silicon-based solar cell can be of a cross type, a back contact type, a type with electrodes arranged on both sides, etc.). Preferably, the cell piece used in the photovoltaic module in the utility model embodiment is a main grid-free cell piece.

[0044] The end cell piece 411 in the utility model embodiment refers to a cell piece located at both ends of a cell string 41 in the photovoltaic module.

[0045] The bending solder strip 44 in the utility model embodiment refers to a solder strip located at the end cell piece 411 and electrically connected to the busbar 43, which is folded to the back of the end cell piece 411 together with the busbar 43. The bending solder strip 44 can be a solder strip connected to the front of the end cell piece 411 or a solder strip connected to the back of the end cell piece 411.

[0046] The bending solder strip 44 in the utility model embodiment refers to a solder strip located at the end cell piece 411 and electrically connected to the busbar 43, which is folded to the back of the end cell piece 411 together with the busbar 43. The bending solder strip 44 can be a solder strip connected to the front of the end cell piece 411 or a solder strip connected to the back of the end cell piece 411. Figures 3 to 5 The cross-sectional structure schematic diagrams of the partial structures of the photovoltaic modules with different structures provided by the utility model embodiments are respectively shown; Figures 6 to 11 The relative relationship schematic diagram of various components in the photovoltaic module is shown; Figures 12 to 15 The cross-sectional structure schematic diagrams of the insulation pieces with different structures are shown; Figure 16 The main flow schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module preparation method is shown; Figure 17 The partial structure change schematic diagram in the photovoltaic module preparation process is shown. Figure 18 The main flow schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module preparation method is shown;

[0047] The utility model embodiment provides a photovoltaic module. Figures 3 to 5As shown, the photovoltaic module can include: a cover plate 10; a back plate 20; an encapsulant layer 30; and a cell array.

[0048] It can be understood that, Figures 3 to 5 Only one cell string in the photovoltaic module is exemplarily shown. For the cell array, it generally includes a plurality of cell strings 41, a plurality of insulating pieces 42 and a busbar 43; in nature, the plurality of cell strings 41 are connected in series and / or in parallel through the busbar 43. The insulating piece 42 is used to isolate the busbar 43 from the back surface of the end cell piece 411, so as to avoid the contact between the busbar 43 and the back surface of the end cell piece 411.

[0049] Specifically, as shown, Figures 3 to 5 the plurality of insulating pieces 42 are arranged at the ends of the plurality of cell strings 41, and a part of the insulating piece 42 is fixed to the outer side edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411, wherein the outer side edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is located in the extension direction of the cell string 41 and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cell string 41; it should be noted that the outer side edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411 refers to the side of the back surface of the end cell piece 411 far away from the adjacent cell piece 412. By fixing a part of the insulating piece 42 to the outer side edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411, the insulating piece 42 cannot be displaced relative to the end cell piece 411, the insulation between the busbar 43 and the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is ensured, the yield of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the production difficulty of the photovoltaic module can be effectively reduced.

[0050] Further, as shown, Figures 3 to 10 a part of the insulating piece 42 extends out of the outer side edge of the end cell piece 411, and a groove structure 421 is arranged at intervals therebetween; wherein the part and the other part of the insulating piece 42 refer to two parts in the width direction of the insulating piece 42 (the width direction of the insulating piece 42 is consistent with the extension direction of the cell string 41). The part of the insulating piece 42 extending out of the outer side edge of the end cell piece 411 and the groove structure 421 arranged at intervals therebetween can play a role in supporting the bending solder belt 44, reducing or even eliminating the bending pressure of the bending solder belt 44 on the end cell piece 411 (shown as the pressure F1), so as to reduce the risk of hidden cracking of the end cell piece 411. Figure 1

[0051] Further, as shown, Figures 3 to 5 the busbar 43 is laminated on the back surface of the insulating piece 42. As shown, Figures 3 to 11 the busbar 43 is electrically connected to the front surface of the end cell piece 411 through a plurality of bending solder belts 44, the plurality of bending solder belts 44 correspond to the groove structures 421 arranged at intervals one by one, and the bending solder belt 44 is embedded in the corresponding groove structure 421, and the solder belt 45 electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is arranged staggered with the part of the bending solder belt 44 electrically connected to the busbar 43. ​

[0052] On the one hand, the spaced groove structure 421 can support the bent welding strip 44. On the other hand, the spaced groove structure 421 can limit the bending welding strip 44. That is, the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back of the end cell 411 may shift, but it will not affect the position of the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front of the end cell 411. This can ensure the aesthetics of the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front of the end cell 411. It can also ensure that the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back of the end cell 411 is staggered from the welding strip 45 electrically connected to the back of the end cell 411, so that the outer edge of the end cell 411 is subjected to balanced pressure, further reducing the risk of microcracks in the end cell 411.

[0053] It is worth noting that, for photovoltaic modules, the structure at one end of the cell string is as follows: at one end of each cell string, a busbar 43 is electrically connected to the front of the end cell 411 through multiple bent solder strips 44. The multiple bent solder strips 44 correspond one-to-one with the spaced slot structures 421, and the bent solder strips 44 are embedded in their corresponding slot structures 421. The solder strips 45 electrically connected to the back of the end cell 411 are staggered from the part of the bent solder strips 44 that are electrically connected to the busbar 43.

[0054] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the structure at the other end of the battery string is as follows: At the other end of each battery string, another busbar 43 is electrically connected to the back of the end battery cell 411 at the other end through multiple bent welding strips 44; that is, at the other end of each battery string, the busbar 43 is electrically connected to the back of the other end battery cell 411 through multiple bent welding strips 44, and the multiple bent welding strips 44 correspond one-to-one with the slot structures 421 arranged at intervals, and the bent welding strips 44 are embedded in their corresponding slot structures 421. The part of the bent welding strip 44 electrically connected to the back of the other end battery cell 411 is staggered from the part electrically connected to the back of the other end battery cell 411.

[0055] Understandably, for each end cell 411, the multiple bent solder strips 44 electrically connected to the end cell 411 correspond one-to-one with the slot structures 421 of the insulating member 42 fixed to the end cell 411, and the bent solder strips 44 are embedded in their corresponding slot structures 421. The solder strips 45 electrically connected to the back of the end cell 411 are staggered from the portions electrically connected to the busbars 43 in the bent solder strips 44. Furthermore, one end and the other end of the battery string are relative concepts. It is worth noting that in two adjacent battery strings, one end of one battery string and the other end of another battery string can be connected in series by connecting the same busbar.

[0056] For the above photovoltaic module, the insulating piece is arranged at the end of the cell string, a part of the insulating piece is fixed to the outer edge of the back surface of the end cell, and the other part of the insulating piece extends out of the outer edge of the end cell, so that the bending part of the bending solder strip is away from the edge of the end cell, and the pressure of the bending solder strip on the edge of the end cell is reduced. Further, the bending solder strip cooperates with the groove structure of the insulating piece, so that the groove structure limits the bending solder strip, and the part of the bending solder strip located on the back surface of the end cell and the part of the bending solder strip located on the front surface of the end cell can be adjusted independently, that is, the solder strip electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell is arranged staggered with the bending solder strip, and at the same time, the part of the bending solder strip located on the front surface of the end cell cannot be displaced, so that the appearance and current collection capacity of the bending solder strip on the front surface of the end cell are ensured. In addition, the solder strip electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell is arranged staggered with the part of the bending solder strip electrically connected to the busbar, so as to avoid the solder strip electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell and the bending solder strip from being stacked, and the solder strip electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell and the bending solder strip are uniformly distributed at the edge of the end cell, so as to reduce the pressure of the solder strip and the bending solder strip on the end cell, reduce the risk of hidden cracks at the edge of the cell, and improve the performance of the module.

[0057] Further, a part of the insulating piece is fixed to the outer edge of the back surface of the end cell, so as to avoid the insulating piece from moving or deviating, and reduce the risk of short circuit caused by the folding of the busbar.

[0058] In addition, the solder strip electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell is arranged staggered with the part of the bending solder strip electrically connected to the busbar, so as to reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module after lamination, reduce the stress of the bending solder strip on the cell, further reduce the risk of hidden cracks at the edge of the cell, and improve the reliability of the module.

[0059] Wherein, before the busbar 43 is folded, the relative positional relationship among the insulating piece 42, the end cell 411 and the busbar 43 can be as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown in Figure 7 , the solder strip connected to the front surface of the end cell 411 is a bending solder strip 44, and the bending solder strip 44 is electrically connected to the front surface of the busbar 43. After the busbar 43 is folded by 180° towards the back surface of the end cell 411, the structure shown in Figure 8 is obtained. After the busbar 43 is folded towards the back surface of the end cell 411, the back surface of the busbar 43 is in contact with the insulating piece 42, and the front surface of the busbar 43 is away from the insulating piece 42, and by applying a force in the direction D1 shown in Figure 9 to the busbar 43, the part of the bending solder strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell 411 is arranged staggered with the solder strip 45 on the back surface of the end cell 411. In addition, as shown in Figure 9As shown, the welding strip connected to the front surface of the end cell piece 411 is a bent welding strip 44, which is electrically connected to the back surface of the busbar 43. Then, the busbar 43 is folded by 180° towards the back surface of the end cell piece 411, and the back surface of the busbar 43 is in contact with the insulating member 42 (i.e. the surface of the busbar 43 connected to the bent welding strip 44 is in contact with the insulating member 42), and the front surface of the busbar 43 is away from the insulating member 42. Then, the busbar 43 is pressed towards the direction D1 or D2. Figure 10 As shown, the busbar 43 is folded towards the back surface of the end cell piece 411, and the back surface of the busbar 43 is in contact with the insulating member 42 (i.e. the surface of the busbar 43 connected to the bent welding strip 44 is in contact with the insulating member 42), and the front surface of the busbar 43 is away from the insulating member 42. Then, the busbar 43 is pressed towards the direction D1 or D2. Figure 10 As shown, the force towards the direction D2 makes the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 and the welding strip 45 on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 to be arranged in staggered manner. During the process of pressing the busbar 43 towards the direction D1 or D2, the design of the groove structure 421 can prevent the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 from being displaced, thereby ensuring the welding strip on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 to be kept in good appearance.

[0060] After the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is displaced, the relative positional relationship among the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411, the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 and the welding strip 45 on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is as shown. Figure 11 As shown, the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is displaced. Figure 11 As shown, after the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is displaced, the part of the bent welding strip 44 and the welding strip 45 on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 can be uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411, which makes the force on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 to be more balanced during the lamination process, and avoids the single point of the end cell piece 411 to be subjected to higher pressure, thereby further reducing the risk of hidden cracking of the end cell piece 411.

[0061] The structure does not need to add extra tools to ensure the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 not to be displaced, which makes the process of preparing the photovoltaic module to be simple and easy to produce.

[0062] The cross section of the groove structure 421 can be one of the following shapes: Figure 13 As shown, a rectangle; Figure 12 As shown, an isosceles trapezoid or Figure 14 As shown, a combination of rectangle and circle. Through the design of the structure, the groove structure 421 can limit the bent welding strip 44, and when the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is pressed towards the direction D1 or D2, the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is displaced, while the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 is not displaced.

[0063] Further, the specific implementation of the insulation piece 42 fixed to the outer edge of the back of the end battery piece 411 can be various.

[0064] Specifically, as shown in Figure 15 , the insulation piece 42 can include an adhesive layer 422 and an insulation layer 423 arranged in layers, wherein the adhesive layer 422 is fixed to the outer edge of the end battery piece 411, and the adhesive layer 422 is located between the insulation layer 423 and the outer edge of the end battery piece 411. The insulation layer 423 is fixed to the outer edge of the end battery piece 411 by the adhesive layer 422. The adhesive layer 422 can be ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material, pressure sensitive adhesive or other adhesive, etc.

[0065] In addition, as shown in Figures 4 to 6 , the battery string 41 can include battery pieces 412 connected in series by welding strips and a carrier film 413 covering the back of the battery pieces 412; the insulation piece 42 is arranged below the carrier film 413; the insulation piece 42 is fixed to the outer edge of the end battery piece 411 by the carrier film 413. Wherein, as shown in Figure 4 , a whole carrier film 413 can be arranged on the back of the battery string; as shown in Figure 5 , each battery piece 412 in the battery string corresponds to a carrier film 413. Wherein, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the carrier film 413 is arranged on the back of the battery piece 412 or the battery string; as shown in Figure 6 , the carrier film 413 is arranged on the back and front of the battery string. The design of the carrier film 413 can fix the insulation piece 42 to the end battery piece 411 by fixing the insulation piece 42 during the heating and connecting process of the battery string. Wherein, the carrier film 413 can be made of thermoplastic or thermosetting material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-butene polymer (POE) or polyolefin (PO), etc.

[0066] Wherein, the insulation piece 42 can include at least one of the following materials: silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), neoprene rubber and polyurethane (PU). By selecting the material, the material itself is relatively soft, which can ensure the insulation of the insulation piece 42, at the same time, the insulation piece 42 can help resist the pressure on the edge of the end battery piece 411 caused by the bending welding strip 44, further reduce the risk of hidden cracks of the end battery piece 411, and reduce the risk of hidden cracks at the folding part.

[0067] Furthermore, for the insulating component 42, the width of its groove structure 421 can be 0.8mm to 1.2mm, wherein the width of the groove structure 421 is consistent with the length direction of the busbar 43. The width of the groove structure 421 can be as follows: Figure 12 As shown in d1. For example, the width of the groove structure 421 can be 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, etc. By limiting the width of the groove structure 421, it can provide sufficient support and restraint for the portion of the bent welding strip 44 embedded within it, ensuring that the portion of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front side of the end battery cell 411 does not shift, and providing sufficient support to allow the portion of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back side of the end battery cell 411 to shift. The width of the groove structure 421 generally refers to the width at its widest point.

[0068] Specifically, for the insulating component 42, the depth of the groove structure 421 is 1mm to 2mm, and the depth of the groove structure 421 is consistent with the width direction of the busbar 43. The depth of the groove structure 421 can be as follows: Figure 12 As shown in s1. For example, the depth of the groove structure 421 can be 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, etc. By limiting the depth of the groove structure 421, the groove structure 421 can provide sufficient support and restraint for the part of the bent welding strip 44 embedded therein, ensuring that the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the front side of the end battery cell 411 does not shift, and can provide sufficient support to allow the part of the bent welding strip 44 located on the back side of the end battery cell 411 to shift.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 As shown, the width d2 of the insulating member 42 can be 10mm to 15mm. The orientation of the width d2 of the insulating member 42 is consistent with the extension direction of the battery string. For example, the width d2 of the insulating member 42 can be 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, etc. By limiting the width d2 of the insulating member 42, it can be ensured that the insulating member 42 can extend to a sufficient width beyond the end battery piece 411, and that the insulating member 42 and the end battery piece 411 form a stable and fixed connection.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 11As shown, in the length direction of the end cell piece 411 (the length direction of the end cell piece 411 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the battery string), the spacing d3 between the welding strip 45 electrically connected to the back of the end cell piece 411 and the part of the bent welding strip 44 in which the bus bar 43 is electrically connected can be 1mm-3mm. For example, the spacing d3 between the welding strip 45 electrically connected to the back of the end cell piece 411 and the part of the bent welding strip 44 in which the bus bar 43 is electrically connected can be 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm or 3mm, etc. Through the control of the spacing d3, it can be ensured that the edge of the end cell piece 411 is subjected to balanced pressure during the lamination process.

[0071] For the bent welding strip 44, as shown, Figure 11 the part of the bent welding strip 44 in which the bus bar 43 is electrically connected is arranged staggered to the part of the bent welding strip 44 in which the front of the end cell piece 411 is electrically connected. Further, as shown, Figure 11 in the length direction of the end cell piece 411, the spacing d4 between the part of the bent welding strip 44 in which the bus bar 43 is electrically connected and the part of the bent welding strip 44 in which the bus bar 43 is electrically connected can be 1mm-3mm. For example, the spacing d4 can be 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm or 3mm, etc. Through the control of the spacing d4, it can be further ensured that the edge of the end cell piece 411 is subjected to balanced pressure during the lamination process.

[0072] More specifically, the insulation piece 42 is fixed to the outer edge of the back of the end cell piece 411 and each cell piece 412 is connected in series to form the battery string 41 synchronously. That is, while the welding strip 45 is heated by the infrared light box and forms an electrical connection with the cell piece 412, the insulation piece 42 is fixed to the end cell piece 411 synchronously.

[0073] Further, the utility model embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module preparation method. As shown, Figure 16 the photovoltaic module preparation method can include the following steps:

[0074] Step S1601: connecting each cell piece 412 in series and synchronously fixing the insulation piece 42 to the end cell piece 411 to form the battery string 41, wherein a part of the insulation piece 42 is fixed to the outer edge of the back of the end cell piece 411, another part of the insulation piece 42 extends out of the outer edge of the end cell piece 411, and the slot structure 421 is arranged therebetween, and the outer edge of the back of the end cell piece 411 is located in the extension direction of the battery string 41 and perpendicular to the extension direction of the battery string 41.

[0075] By fixing a portion of the insulating component 42 to the outer edge of the back of the end cell 411, the insulating component 42 can be prevented from shifting during the subsequent folding of the busbar 43, ensuring that the insulating component 42 can play a better insulating role, preventing the busbar 43 from directly contacting the end cell 411, and preventing the photovoltaic module from short-circuiting.

[0076] Step S1602: Sequentially lay the cover plate and the encapsulating film, and lay the cell string 41 and busbar 43 according to the photovoltaic module layout, and connect the end cell 411 of the cell string 41 to the busbar 43 by soldering.

[0077] Step S1603: Fold the busbar 43 toward the back of the end cell 411 so that the solder strip is bent into the groove structure 421 of the insulating component 42, and pull the busbar 43 along its length to form a battery array.

[0078] Specifically, targeting Figure 7 The structure shown applies an application to the busbar 43 during the folding process. Figure 8 The force shown in the direction of D1 causes the busbar 43 to move the portion of the bent solder strip 44 located on the back of the end cell 411 toward the direction of D1, while the portion of the bent solder strip 44 located on the front of the end cell 411 remains unchanged.

[0079] against Figure 9 The structure shown applies an application to the busbar 43 during the folding process. Figure 10 The force shown in the direction of D2 causes the busbar 43 to move the portion of the bent solder strip 44 located on the back of the end cell 411 toward the direction of D2, while the portion of the bent solder strip 44 located on the front of the end cell 411 remains unchanged.

[0080] Step S1604: Sequentially lay the encapsulating film and backplate on the battery array.

[0081] Step S1605: Lamination.

[0082] The above preparation process, by fixing a part of the insulating piece to the outer edge of the back surface of the end cell piece, extending another part of the insulating piece 42 out of the outer edge of the end cell piece 411, making the bending part of the bending solder strip 44 away from the edge of the end cell piece 411, reducing the pressure of the bending solder strip 44 on the edge of the end cell piece 411. Further, the bending solder strip 44 cooperates with the groove structure 421 of the insulating piece 42, so that the groove structure 421 limits the bending solder strip 44, which can independently adjust the part of the bending solder strip 44 on the back surface of the end cell piece 411 and the part on the front surface of the end cell piece 411. That is, the bending solder strip 44 and the solder strip 45 electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell piece 411 are staggered, which can ensure that the part of the bending solder strip 44 on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 will not be displaced, and the bending solder strip 44 on the front surface of the end cell piece 411 is aesthetic and has current collection ability. In addition, the solder strip 45 electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is staggered with the part of the bending solder strip 44 connected to the busbar 43, avoiding the stacking of the solder strip 45 electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell piece 411 and the bending solder strip 44, so that the solder strip 45 electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell piece 411 and the bending solder strip 44 are evenly distributed at the edge of the end cell piece 411, reducing the pressure of the solder strip 45 and the bending solder strip 44 on the end cell piece 411, reducing the risk of hidden cracks at the edge of the end cell piece 411, and improving the performance of the module.

[0083] Further, a part of the insulating piece 42 is fixed to the outer edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411, which can avoid the movement or deviation of the insulating piece 42, and reduce the risk of short circuit caused by the folding of the busbar 43.

[0084] In addition, the solder strip 45 electrically connected to the back surface of the end cell piece 411 is staggered with the part of the bending solder strip 44 connected to the busbar 43, which can reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module after lamination, reduce the stress of the bending solder strip 44 on the cell piece, further reduce the risk of hidden cracks at the edge of the cell piece, and improve the reliability of the module.

[0085] Further, for the above step S1601, as shown in Figure 17 , it can include the following steps:

[0086] Step S1601-1: Place the insulating piece 42.

[0087] Step S1601-2: Cover the edge of the carrier film 413 on a part of the insulating piece 42.

[0088] Step S1601-3: Lay the solder strip 45 and the end cell piece 411 on the carrier film 413 in sequence, wherein the outer edge of the back surface of the end cell piece 411 covers a part of the insulating piece 42.

[0089] Step S1601-4: The carrying film 413, the solder strip and the next cell piece are laid in a loop until before the last cell piece of the cell string is laid, another insulating piece 42 is placed, the edge of the carrying film 413 is covered on a part of the another insulating piece 42, and the last cell piece is laid, wherein the outer edge of the back of the last cell piece covers a part of the insulating piece 42.

[0090] Step S1601-5: The solder strip is connected with the cell pieces by infrared heating the carrying film 413, to form the cell string 41 fixed with the insulating piece 42.

[0091] The welding temperature can be 120-140°C. For example, the welding temperature can be 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C or 140°C, etc.

[0092] The diameter of the solder strip or the bent solder strip used in each of the above embodiments can be 0.15-0.2mm. For example, the diameter of the solder strip or the bent solder strip can be 0.15mm, 0.18mm, 0.2mm, etc.

[0093] The above Figure 17 The structure of the cell string 41 prepared in the provided method can change as shown in Figure 18

[0094] The preparation process of the photovoltaic module is described in detail below with two embodiments.

[0095] Embodiment 1:

[0096] S1: The insulating piece 42 with the groove structure 421 is placed on the machine belt, and then laid in a loop until the last cell piece: the lower carrying film 413, the solder strip, the cell piece without busbar, the adjacent lower carrying film, the solder strip connecting the adjacent cell pieces without busbar, the upper carrying film 413 and the tool for pressing and fixing are placed in sequence, and an insulating piece 42 with the groove structure 421 is also placed at the edge of the back of the last cell piece without busbar; wherein the direction of the groove structure 421 of the insulating piece 42 is towards the outside of the cell string, and the two insulating pieces 42 on the cell string are respectively located at the back of the two ends of the cell string.

[0097] S2: The above materials placed in step S1 are stepped into the infrared lamp box with the machine belt, the carrying film 413 and the cell piece without busbar are bonded by heating, the solder strip is fixed to form the string, and the insulating piece 42 is bonded with the carrying film 413 and fixed at the two ends of the cell string.

[0098] ​S3: The battery string of the present example is prepared according to the above steps, and is arranged and laminated according to the layout design, wherein the busbar is welded and then is folded to the back of the assembly, and in the folding process, the welded busbar is first folded with the solder strip, the solder strip passes through the slot structure 421 of the insulating piece 42, and then the busbar 43 is translated along the long edge direction of the busbar 43 by 2 mm, and the solder strip is bent to be staggered and not overlapped with the part of the front surface of the busbar-free cell and the part of the back surface of the busbar-free cell. Due to the slot structure 421, when the busbar 43 is translated, the part of the solder strip directly connected with the busbar-free cell will not be offset, thereby ensuring the aesthetic appearance of the front surface of the busbar-free cell.

[0099] S4: Laminating, framing, curing, and cleaning to obtain the photovoltaic module of the present example.

[0100] Example 2:

[0101] The difference from Example 1 is that the carrier film 413 is omitted, and an insulating piece containing an adhesive layer and an insulating layer is selected, the insulating piece is placed on the back surface of both ends of the battery string, and the adhesive layer on the insulating piece is adhered to the battery string by heating with a light box during string welding, or other adhesive material layers such as pressure-sensitive adhesive are provided on the insulating piece, and the insulating piece is adhered to both ends of the battery string during string welding, and the other steps are the same as those of the above example.

[0102] The above steps provide an introduction only to help understand the method, structure and core idea of the present application. For ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, the present application can be improved and modified without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, The photovoltaic module comprises: a cover plate (10); a back plate (20); an encapsulation adhesive layer (30); and a battery array; the battery array comprises a plurality of battery strings (41), a plurality of insulating members (42) and a busbar (43); the plurality of insulating members (42) are arranged at the ends of the plurality of battery strings (41), and a part of the insulating members (42) is fixed to the outer edge of the back surface of the end battery piece (411), wherein the outer edge of the back surface of the end battery piece (411) is located in the extension direction of the battery string (41) and perpendicular to the extension direction of the battery string (41); another part of the insulating member (42) extends out of the outer edge of the end battery piece (411), and a groove structure (421) is arranged therebetween; the busbar (43) is laminated on the back surface of the insulating member (42); at one end of each of the battery strings, one of the busbars (43) is electrically connected to the front surface of the end battery piece (411) at one end through a plurality of bent solder strips (44); at the other end of each of the battery strings, the other of the busbars (43) is electrically connected to the back surface of the end battery piece (411) at the other end through a plurality of bent solder strips (44); for each of the end battery pieces (411), the plurality of bent solder strips (44) electrically connected to the end battery piece (411) correspond to the groove structures (421) arranged at intervals on the insulating member (42) fixed to the end battery piece (411), and the bent solder strips (44) are embedded in the corresponding groove structures (421), and the solder strips (45) electrically connected to the back surface of the end battery piece (411) are arranged staggered with the part of the bent solder strips (44) electrically connected to the busbar (43).

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the battery string (41) comprises battery pieces (412) connected in series by solder strips and a carrier film (413) covering the back surface of the battery pieces (412); the insulating member (42) is arranged below the carrier film (413); the insulating member (42) is fixed to the outer edge of the end battery piece (411) through the carrier film (413).

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, the insulating member (42) comprises an adhesive layer (422) and an insulating layer (423) arranged in layers, wherein the adhesive layer (422) is fixed to the outer edge of the end battery piece (411), and the adhesive layer (422) is located between the insulating layer (423) and the outer edge of the end battery piece (411).

4. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the part of the bent solder strip (44) electrically connected to the busbar (43) is arranged staggered with the part of the bent solder strip (44) electrically connected to the front surface of the end battery piece (411).

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the width of the groove structure (421) is 0.8mm ~1.2mm, wherein the width of the groove structure (421) is consistent with the length direction of the busbar (43). and / or, The depth of the groove structure (421) is 1mm~2mm, wherein the depth of the groove structure (421) is consistent with the width direction of the bus bar (43). 6.The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The width of the insulating piece (42) is 10mm~15mm; and / or, In the length direction of the end cell (411), the spacing between the back surface electrically connected solder tape (45) of the end cell (411) and the part of the bus bar (43) electrically connected in the bending solder tape (44) is 1mm~3mm. 7.The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the length direction of the end cell (411), the spacing between the part of the bus bar (43) electrically connected in the bending solder tape (44) and the part of the bus bar (43) electrically connected in the bending solder tape (44) is 1mm~3mm. 8.The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 4, characterized in that, The cross section of the groove structure (421) is one of the following shapes: a rectangle; an isosceles trapezoid; and a combination shape of a rectangle and a circle.

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