Large straw smashing and returning machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520298995.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing straw returning machines are prone to damage to their shredding blades when encountering large stones, resulting in high equipment maintenance costs, long downtime, and difficulty in adjusting belt tension, which affects equipment stability and efficiency.
The design incorporates a sieve shovel structure to guide stones into the collection frame and protect the crushing blades; the belt tension is adjusted via a handwheel to adjust the extrusion wheel; and the pressure cylinder structure simplifies operation, allowing for quick adjustments by a single person.
It effectively protects the crushing blades, extends their service life, reduces downtime, improves operational efficiency and safety, ensures stable equipment operation, and adapts to complex terrain.
Smart Images
Figure 1 
Figure 2
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of large-scale straw crushing technology, and in particular to a large-scale straw crushing and returning machine. Background Technology
[0002] Straw is the stem and leaf parts remaining after crop harvest, typically including the residues of crops such as wheat, rice, and corn. A straw-returning machine is an agricultural machine specifically designed to directly chop and mix the residues (such as straw and stubble) after crop harvest into the soil. Straw-returning machines are usually mounted behind a tractor, and the working parts are driven to rotate by the tractor's power take-off shaft.
[0003] When existing straw-returning harvesters encounter large stones while traveling in the field and they come into contact with the shredding blades, the hardness of the stones can cause the blades to chip, deform, or even break due to direct contact with the high-speed rotating blades. This not only reduces the lifespan of the blades but may also require frequent replacement or repair, increasing maintenance costs. The impact force generated by the stones hitting the shredding blades may also be transmitted to other critical components of the machine, such as the drive shaft and gearbox, causing damage or accelerated wear to these parts. In severe cases, it may even cause mechanical failure of the entire equipment, increasing repair costs and downtime.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a large-scale straw crushing and returning machine to the field to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the technical problem of this utility model is to provide a large-scale straw crushing and returning machine.
[0006] The technical implementation scheme of this utility model is as follows: A large straw crushing and returning machine includes a casing, a frame, casters, a mounting base, a gearbox, a connecting shaft, a drive shaft, crushing blades, transmission wheels, and belts. Casters are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the casing. A frame is fixedly connected to the top of the casing. Mounting bases are symmetrically fixedly connected to the front of the frame. A gearbox is fixedly connected to the middle of the frame. An input shaft is provided at the front of the gearbox. A connecting shaft is provided at the right side of the gearbox. A drive shaft is laterally rotatably connected inside the casing. Multiple sets of crushing blades located inside the casing are fixedly connected in a linear array on the drive shaft. Multiple corresponding transmission wheels are fixedly connected to both the side of the drive shaft that extends out of the casing and the side of the connecting shaft. Belts are wound between the transmission wheels of the drive shaft and the transmission wheels of the connecting shaft. The machine also includes a sieve shovel, a collection frame, and baffles. A sieve shovel is fixedly connected to the front of the casing. A collection frame flush with the top surface of the sieve shovel is fixedly connected to the middle of the casing. Stone discharge ports are opened at both ends of the collection frame. Baffles are slidably placed on both sides of the casing.
[0007] Even more preferably, the shredder blades are made of a high-hardness material.
[0008] More preferably, it also includes a protective shell, on one side of which a protective shell is fixedly connected to cover multiple drive wheels and multiple belts.
[0009] More preferably, it also includes a mounting bracket, a screw, a handwheel, a movable block, and an extrusion wheel. The bottom of the protective shell has a square hole, and the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the square hole on the protective shell. The screw is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting bracket, and the handwheel is fixedly connected to the front of the screw. The mounting bracket has a slotted groove, and the movable block, which is threadedly connected to the screw, is slidably connected to the slotted groove of the mounting bracket. The top of the movable block is rotatably connected to an extrusion wheel that abuts against multiple belts.
[0010] More preferably, the angle formed between the mounting bracket and the protective shell is an acute angle.
[0011] More preferably, it also includes cranks, pressure cylinders, support frames, locking rods, levers, and springs. Cranks are symmetrically and rotatably connected inside the housing. Pressure cylinders are rotatably connected between one end of the two cranks. Support frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower part of the housing. Locking rods are slidably connected to both support frames. Locking holes are opened at the rear of both cranks. The two locking rods pass through the housing and are locked into the corresponding locking holes. Levers that contact and cooperate with the housing are fixedly connected to one side of both locking rods. Springs wound around the corresponding locking rods are connected between the two levers and the corresponding support frames.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: 1. By using the inclined design of the sieve shovel and the inertia generated when the device moves forward, this utility model effectively guides larger stones in the field to the higher side of the sieve shovel and slides them into the collection frame, avoiding damage caused by the stones contacting the crushing blades. Operators can remove the baffle to allow the stones to be smoothly discharged from the stone discharge port, ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the equipment, protecting the crushing blades, extending the service life of the equipment, reducing downtime for cleaning, improving work efficiency and safety, and making it suitable for large-scale agricultural production applications in complex terrain. Operation can be quickly resumed after the baffle is reinserted.
[0013] 2. This utility model uses a handwheel to drive the screw to rotate, which in turn moves the moving block and the extrusion wheel. The movement of the extrusion wheel allows for adjustment of the belt tension, ensuring that the belt is always at the optimal working tension. This ensures the stability and reliability of the equipment operation and avoids problems caused by the belt being too loose or too tight. Since the friction generated when the extrusion wheel rolls on the belt is evenly distributed, this method not only maintains the proper belt tension but also effectively reduces wear on the belt and the extrusion wheel, thereby extending their service life.
[0014] 3. This utility model allows for easy unfolding or retraction of the pressing cylinder by pulling the lever and rotating the crank. This simplifies the operation process, enabling a single person to efficiently adjust the equipment and quickly and accurately deploy the pressing cylinder to the working position. Compaction of the pulverized straw residue can begin immediately without additional tools or complex steps, thus improving overall work efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the frame, mounting base, and gearbox components of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting shaft, drive shaft, and transmission wheel of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of this utility model, including the sieve shovel, collection frame, and baffle.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the covering structure for the mounting bracket, screw, handwheel, and other components of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of this utility model, including the crushing blade, crank, and pressure cylinder.
[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.
[0022] The meanings of the reference numerals in the diagram are as follows: 1. Housing; 101. Caster wheel; 2. Frame; 3. Mounting base; 4. Gearbox; 5. Connecting shaft; 6. Drive shaft; 601. Crushing blade; 7. Transmission wheel; 8. Belt; 9. Protective shell; 10. Screen shovel; 11. Collection frame; 12. Baffle; 13. Mounting bracket; 14. Screw; 15. Handwheel; 16. Moving block; 17. Extrusion wheel; 18. Crank; 19. Pressure cylinder; 20. Support frame; 21. Locking rod; 22. Pulley; 23. Spring. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0024] Example: A large-scale straw crushing and returning machine, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the assembly includes a housing 1, casters 101, a frame 2, a mounting base 3, a gearbox 4, a connecting shaft 5, a drive shaft 6, crushing blades 601, a transmission wheel 7, a belt 8, and a protective shell 9. Casters 101 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the housing 1 via screws. The frame 2 is mounted on the top front side of the housing 1 via screws. Mounting bases 3 for connection to a tractor are symmetrically mounted on the front left and right sides of the frame 2 via screws. The gearbox 4 is mounted on the middle of the frame 2 via screws. An input shaft for connection to the tractor's rotating shaft is located on the front side of the gearbox 4. A connecting shaft 5 is located on the right side of the gearbox 4. The drive shaft 6 is laterally rotatably connected inside the housing 1. Multiple sets of crushing blades 601 located inside the housing 1 are linearly arrayed on the drive shaft 6 via screws. The crushing blades 601 are made of a high-hardness material, such as titanium alloy. Multiple corresponding drive wheels 7 are fixedly connected to both the side of the drive shaft 6 extending out of the housing 1 and the side of the connecting shaft 5. A belt 8 is wound between the drive wheels 7 of the drive shaft 6 and the drive wheels 7 of the connecting shaft 5. A protective shell 9, encasing the six drive wheels 7 and three belts 8, is screwed onto the right side of the housing 1, effectively protecting the transmission mechanism of the drive wheels 7 and belts 8. The operator can move the tractor by pushing the housing 1. The casters 101 allow the device to move flexibly in any direction on the ground. Firstly, the tractor and the mounting base 3 of the tractor are tightly connected by a fixing assembly, ensuring their stability. In this fixed-axis configuration, the tractor's power take-off shaft is directly connected to the input end of the gearbox 4 on the tractor. After starting the tractor, its power take-off shaft drives the gear system within the gearbox 4. Through the acceleration process of the gearbox 4, the speed of the drive shaft 6 connected to the shredder blades 601 is significantly higher than the speed of the tractor's power take-off shaft. The high-speed rotating drive shaft 6, through the transmission belt 8 and drive pulley 7, drives the shredder blades 601 to rotate rapidly. As the tractor moves through the field, the straw in front is shredded by the high-speed rotating shredder blades 601, thus effectively treating the residual straw in the field. Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the machine also includes a sieve shovel 10, a collection frame 11, and baffles 12. The sieve shovel 10, with its inclined structure, is screwed onto the lower front side of the machine housing 1. The collection frame 11, flush with the top surface of the sieve shovel 10, is screwed onto the middle of the machine housing 1. Stone discharge openings are provided at both ends of the collection frame 11. Baffles 12, which block the corresponding stone discharge openings, are slidably placed on both sides of the machine housing 1. As the machine housing 1 moves, the sieve shovel 10 installed at its front end also moves synchronously. The sieve shovel 10 has an inclined structure, allowing it to effectively remove larger stones encountered in the field. The stones are shoveled up to prevent them from directly contacting the crushing blades 601 and causing damage. Due to the tilt angle of the shovel 10 and the inertia generated when the equipment moves forward, larger stones will be guided to the higher side of the shovel 10 and slide down the inclined surface into the collection frame 11 located at the end of the shovel 10. When the stones in the collection frame 11 accumulate to a certain amount, the operator can pull out the baffle 12 located at the bottom or side of the collection frame 11 to allow the stones to be discharged smoothly through the stone discharge ports at both ends. After the stone discharge is completed, simply reinsert the baffle 12 into its original position and fix it in place to continue the operation.
[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a mounting bracket 13, a screw 14, a handwheel 15, a moving block 16, and a pressing wheel 17. A square hole is provided in the center of the bottom of the protective shell 9. The mounting bracket 13, with an inclined structure, is installed in the square hole of the protective shell 9 via screws. The angle formed between the mounting bracket 13 and the protective shell 9 is an acute angle. The screw 14 is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting bracket 13. A handwheel 15 is welded to the front end of the screw 14. A slotted groove is provided in the mounting bracket 13. A moving block 16, threadedly connected to the screw 14, is slidably connected to the slotted groove of the mounting bracket 13. A pressing wheel 17, which abuts against three belts 8, is rotatably connected to the top of the moving block 16. When the handwheel 15 is rotated, it drives the screw 14. Rotating clockwise or counterclockwise drives the movable block 16 forward or backward. Due to the acute angle design between the mounting bracket 13 and the protective shell 9, when the movable block 16 moves forward, it causes the pressure wheel 17 to gradually move away from the belt 8. Conversely, when the movable block 16 moves backward, it pushes the pressure wheel 17 closer to and presses against the belt 8. During the operation of the belt 8, due to the friction between the belt 8 and the pressure wheel 17, the pressure wheel 17 rolls on the belt 8. This not only ensures that the belt 8 maintains proper tension but also reduces wear. In this way, rotating the handwheel 15 can precisely adjust the pressure of the pressure wheel 17 on the belt 8, thereby achieving effective adjustment of the belt 8 tension.
[0026] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, it also includes cranks 18, pressure cylinders 19, support frames 20, locking rods 21, levers 22, and springs 23. Cranks 18 are symmetrically rotatably connected to the rear side of the inner casing 1. Pressure cylinders 19 are rotatably connected between the ends of the two cranks 18 furthest from the casing 1. Support frames 20 are screwed onto the lower left and right sides of the casing 1. Locking rods 21 are slidably connected to both support frames 20. Locking holes are provided on the rear sides of both cranks 18, allowing the two locking rods 21 to pass through the casing 1 and engage with their corresponding locking holes. Levers 22, which contact and cooperate with the casing 1, are welded to the opposite sides of the two locking rods 21. Springs 23, wound around the corresponding locking rods 21, connect the two levers 22 to their corresponding support frames 20. When the pressure cylinder 19 is needed, the locking rod 21 is first pulled to disengage it from the locking hole. Then, rotate the crank 18 clockwise to lower the pressure cylinder 19 and bring it into contact with the ground. At this time, the spring 23 will be compressed and deformed. After releasing the clamping rod 21, under the action of the spring 23, the clamping rod 21 will automatically reset and re-insert into the corresponding clamping hole, ensuring that the pressure cylinder 19 is firmly held in the working position. In this way, the crushed straw residue can be compacted through the pressure cylinder 19. When the pressure cylinder 19 is no longer needed, pull the clamping rod 21 again to disengage it from the clamping hole, and rotate the crank 18 counterclockwise to lift the pressure cylinder 19. As the pressure cylinder 19 rises, the spring 23 continues to be compressed. When the crank 18 rotates to the predetermined position, so that the clamping hole is aligned with the clamping rod 21, release the clamping rod 21. Under the action of the spring 23's reset force, the clamping rod 21 will automatically insert into the clamping hole, thereby safely retracting the pressure cylinder 19.
[0027] Although this disclosure has been shown and described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure should not be limited to the above embodiments, but should be defined not only by the appended claims, but also by their equivalents.
Claims
1. A large straw pulverizing machine, comprising a machine shell (1), universal wheels (101), a frame (2), mounting seats (3), a gearbox (4), a connecting shaft (5), a driving shaft (6), pulverizing blades (601), transmission wheels (7) and belts (8), the machine shell (1) is symmetrically fixedly connected with universal wheels (101) on both sides, the machine shell (1) is fixedly connected with the frame (2) on the top, the frame (2) is symmetrically fixedly connected with mounting seats (3) on the front side, the frame (2) is fixedly connected with the gearbox (4) in the middle, the gearbox (4) is provided with an input shaft on the front part, the gearbox (4) is provided with the connecting shaft (5) on the right part, the machine shell (1) is internally transversely rotatably connected with the driving shaft (6), the driving shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of pulverizing blades (601) inside the machine shell (1) in a linear array, a plurality of transmission wheels (7) corresponding to one another are fixedly connected on the side, where the driving shaft (6) penetrates out of the machine shell (1), and on the side of the connecting shaft (5), the transmission wheels (7) of the driving shaft (6) and the transmission wheels (7) of the connecting shaft (5) are both wound with belts (8), characterized in that: The screen shovel (10) is fixedly connected to the front of the casing (1), the collecting frame (11) is fixedly connected to the middle of the casing (1) and is flush with the top surface of the screen shovel (10), and the collecting frame (11) is provided with stone discharge openings at both ends.
2. A large straw pulverizing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing blade (601) is made of high-hardness material.
3. A large straw pulverizing and returning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protection shell (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the casing (1) and wraps the plurality of transmission wheels (7) and the plurality of belts (8).
4. A large straw pulverizing and returning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation frame (13), the screw rod (14), the hand wheel (15), the moving block (16) and the extrusion wheel (17) are further included.
5. A large straw pulverizing and returning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The installation frame (13) and the protection shell (9) form an acute angle.
6. A large straw pulverizing and returning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crank (18), the pressing cylinder (19), the support frame (20), the clamping rod (21), the pushing block (22) and the spring (23) are further included.