Screening device for fertilizer production

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, and provides a fertilizer production screening device which comprises a silo, a plurality of screens are arranged in the silo, the screens are linearly arranged along the silo, a discharging mechanism is arranged at the top of the silo, each screen is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shafts are embedded in the silo, and the discharging mechanism is arranged on the top of the silo. The screen is rotatably connected with the silo through a rotating shaft, the silo is provided with a rotating mechanism used for driving the screen to turn over back and forth, the rotating mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism used for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate, the silo is provided with a first discharge port and a plurality of second discharge ports, the first discharge port is located at the bottom of the silo, and the second discharge port is located at the bottom of the silo. And the plurality of second discharge ports are positioned on the side surface of the silo and are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of screens. According to the technical scheme, the quality of the fertilizer is improved, the damage to the fertilizer in the screening process is reduced, the qualified rate of the fertilizer is increased, and unnecessary loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fertilizer production technology, specifically to a fertilizer production screening device. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilizer is an indispensable material in agricultural production, providing crops with various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, directly affecting crop yield and quality. Among the many types of fertilizer, spherical fertilizer is widely used due to its unique physical properties. Spherical fertilizer typically has a relatively regular shape, with its granules forming a ball. This shape gives it certain advantages during storage, transportation, and application. For example, when spherical fertilizer is piled up, the contact area between the granules is relatively small, resulting in lower friction and reducing clumping, thus helping to maintain the fertilizer's loose state. In terms of fertilization, spherical fertilizer has good rolling properties, facilitating uniform spreading by fertilization machinery, improving fertilization uniformity, reducing fertilization costs, and is particularly suitable for mechanized fertilization operations in large-scale farmland.

[0003] Fertilizer screening is a crucial step in fertilizer production, aiming to classify fertilizers according to particle size to ensure product consistency and compliance with specific agricultural application requirements. Screening removes impurities, clumps, and non-standard large or small particles, resulting in a finished fertilizer with a uniform particle size distribution. This facilitates precise fertilization and the effective release and absorption of fertilizer in the soil. Among currently widely used fertilizer screening technologies, vibrating screens are undoubtedly one of the most common. Their working principle primarily utilizes the excitation force generated by a vibrating motor or other similar vibration source to cause the screen to vibrate at high frequency, thereby enabling the fertilizer to rapidly jump and slide on the screen surface, ultimately achieving separation. However, this traditional vibrating screening method has certain limitations when processing spherical fertilizers.

[0004] Due to the unique shape of spherical fertilizers, they are in a continuous state of motion when passing through a vibrating screen, primarily manifested as frequent collisions between fertilizer particles and between the fertilizer and the screen. Compared to fertilizers of other shapes, the stress distribution on the surface of spherical fertilizers is more concentrated during these collisions. Because the contact area of ​​the spheres is relatively small during collisions, the force is more easily concentrated in localized areas, leading to a more pronounced stress concentration phenomenon. Furthermore, the vibration frequency of vibrating screening devices is typically high, significantly increasing the intensity and frequency of collisions experienced by the spherical fertilizers. Under this high-intensity, high-frequency impact, the surface structure of spherical fertilizers is easily damaged, leading to cracking. Once spherical fertilizers crack, their internal nutrients face the risk of loss, oxidation, or other chemical reactions, resulting in a significant reduction in fertilizer efficiency, failing to meet the quality requirements of agricultural production, and ultimately being deemed substandard products. This not only wastes a large amount of fertilizer and increases production costs for enterprises but also causes unnecessary resource depletion. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model proposes a fertilizer production screening device to improve the quality of fertilizer production, reduce damage to fertilizer during the screening process, increase the fertilizer qualification rate, and reduce unnecessary losses.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A fertilizer production screening device includes a silo, in which a plurality of screens are arranged linearly along the silo. A feeding mechanism is provided at the top of the silo. Each screen has a rotating shaft embedded in the silo. The screens are rotatably connected to the silo via the rotating shaft. The silo is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the screens to rotate back and forth. The rotating mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate. The silo has a first discharge port and a plurality of second discharge ports. The first discharge port is located at the bottom of the silo, and the plurality of second discharge ports are located on the sides of the silo and correspond one-to-one with the plurality of screens.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a first linkage rack, a second linkage rack, and a plurality of rotating gears. The rotating gears correspond one-to-one with the rotating shafts, and the rotating gears are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts. The first linkage rack and the second linkage rack are located on both sides of the rotating gears. The first linkage rack and the second linkage rack are each provided with a plurality of toothed segments. The plurality of toothed segments are arranged linearly along the first linkage rack or the second linkage rack, and there is a gap between adjacent toothed segments. Adjacent rotating gears mesh with the toothed segments on the first linkage rack and the second linkage rack, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes two drive gears and a first drive motor. The two drive gears are located between the first linkage rack and the second linkage rack and mesh with the first linkage rack and the second linkage rack respectively. The two drive gears are mutually connected. The first drive motor is fixedly connected to the silo, and the shaft of the first drive motor is fixedly connected to one of the drive gears.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding funnel and a control mechanism for controlling the feeding speed. The feeding funnel is fixedly connected to the silo, the control mechanism is located inside the feeding funnel, and the feeding funnel is provided with a top cover.

[0011] Furthermore, the control mechanism includes a screw rod and a second drive motor. The second drive motor is fixedly connected to the top cover. The screw rod is located inside the feeding hopper. One end of the screw rod extends toward the silo to the discharge end of the feeding hopper. The shaft of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to the screw rod.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the second discharge ports is equipped with a detachable discharge baffle, and both the first and second discharge ports are fixedly connected to a flow guide channel.

[0013] The working principle and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. This utility model uses a rotating mechanism to drive the screen to rotate for screening. Because there is no high-frequency vibration causing violent collisions between fertilizer particles and between the fertilizer particles and the screen, the fertilizer moves and separates on the screen through relatively stable rotation, greatly reducing the risk of spherical fertilizer cracking due to collisions. For example, when the screen rotates slowly, the fertilizer mainly rolls or slides slightly on the screen, and the collision force and frequency are significantly reduced compared to vibratory screening, thus effectively protecting the integrity of the spherical fertilizer and reducing fertilizer defects and waste caused by cracking.

[0015] 2. This invention eliminates the high-frequency vibration noise generated by a vibrating motor. The main noise sources during operation are the natural movement of fertilizer particles on the screen and the slight sound produced by the rotating mechanism. Compared with traditional vibrating screening devices, the noise level is significantly reduced, greatly improving the working environment and protecting the hearing health of workers.

[0016] 3. This utility model has two modes of use: stable rotation screening and simulated vibration screening. In stable rotation screening, the drive mechanism rotates the screen at a slow speed and small angle, causing it to tumble back and forth. In this mode, the fertilizer mainly rolls on the screen, suitable for separating fertilizers with large differences in particle size and relatively regular shapes (such as spheres). For example, for preliminary screening of some spherical basic fertilizer raw materials to remove large impurities or perform simple particle size classification, this method can efficiently and gently complete the screening task, avoiding damage to the fertilizer particles while ensuring high screening accuracy and efficiency. In simulated vibration screening, the drive mechanism controls the rotation mechanism to make the screen tumble left and right at a faster speed and larger angle. At this time, the fertilizer on the screen will produce a jumping effect similar to that on a vibrating screen. This mode is suitable for processing fertilizers that are highly viscous, prone to agglomeration, or have irregular particle shapes. For example, some organic fertilizers or compound fertilizers may contain components of different shapes and textures. By rapidly rotating the screen, the fertilizer can be made to bounce, breaking up agglomerated particles, increasing the contact between the fertilizer and the screen, and promoting the passage of small particles through the screen holes, achieving finer screening and realizing a vibrating screening function similar to that of a vibrating screening device. This utility model adapts to the screening needs of various types of fertilizers through two usage methods, improving the versatility and adaptability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view at BB;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Sectional view at CC.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Silo; 2. Screen; 3. First linkage rack; 4. Second linkage rack; 5. Drive gear; 6. Feeding hopper; 11. First discharge port; 12. Second discharge port; 13. Discharge baffle; 14. Guide channel; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Rotating gear; 34. Toothed section; 43. Spacing; 51. First drive motor; 61. Top cover; 62. Screw rod; 63. Second drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0025] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a fertilizer production screening device, including a silo 1, a plurality of screens 2 are arranged linearly along the silo 1, a feeding mechanism is provided at the top of the silo 1, the screens 2 are provided with a rotating shaft 21, the rotating shaft 21 is embedded in the silo 1, the screens 2 are rotatably connected to the silo 1 through the rotating shaft 21, the silo 1 is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the screens 2 to rotate back and forth, the rotating mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate, the silo 1 is provided with a first discharge port 11 and a plurality of second discharge ports 12, the first discharge port 11 is located at the bottom of the silo 1, the plurality of second discharge ports 12 are located on the side of the silo 1 and correspond one-to-one with the plurality of screens 2, each of the second discharge ports 12 is provided with a detachable discharge baffle 13, and both the first discharge port 11 and the second discharge port 12 are fixedly connected with a guide channel 14.

[0026] The silo 1 serves as the outer shell of the entire screening device, providing a mounting base and protection for internal components such as the screen 2, rotating mechanism, and feeding mechanism. It also holds the fertilizer to be screened, allowing the screening process to complete within a relatively enclosed space, reducing fertilizer spillage and dust pollution. The screen 2 is the core component for fertilizer screening; screens with different apertures can classify and screen fertilizer particles according to their size. They are linearly arranged within the silo 1, with the aperture gradually decreasing from top to bottom, sequentially separating the fertilizer according to different particle sizes. The screen 2 is rotatably connected to the silo 1 via a rotating shaft 21, working in conjunction with the rotating mechanism to achieve a back-and-forth tumbling motion, promoting the movement of fertilizer on the screen 2 and the screening process. To ensure smooth rotation of the screen 2, sufficient space should be left between the screen 2 and the silo 1 to facilitate its rotation. Meanwhile, corresponding anti-drop baffles can be set on the edges of the screen 2 to prevent fertilizer located at the edges of the screen 2 from falling out of the space between the screen 2 and the silo 1. The anti-drop baffles should be provided with discharge slots at the corresponding second discharge port 12 to facilitate the discharge of fertilizer from the second discharge port 12. The discharge slots are protected by discharge baffles 13 to prevent fertilizer from falling. The guide channel 14 is used to transport the screened fertilizer to the corresponding external storage box or storage device. The feeding mechanism is located at the top of the silo 1 and is responsible for uniformly and stably conveying the fertilizer to be screened onto the screen 2 inside the silo 1. It can control the feeding speed and flow rate of the fertilizer to ensure that the screen 2 will not be overloaded due to excessive instantaneous feeding, and also ensures the uniformity and stability of the screening process. The rotating shaft 21 serves as the connecting hub between the screen 2 and the silo 1, which not only realizes the stable installation of the screen 2 in the silo 1, but also allows the screen 2 to rotate around it. The rotating shaft 21 bears the weight of the screen 2 and the fertilizer on it, and transmits the power generated by the rotating mechanism to the screen 2, causing the screen 2 to rotate back and forth. Driven by the drive mechanism, the rotating mechanism converts power into the back-and-forth rotation of the screen 2. The drive mechanism provides the necessary power source for the rotating mechanism and can control parameters such as rotation speed, direction, and amplitude to adapt to different fertilizer characteristics and screening requirements. The first discharge port 11 is located at the bottom of the silo 1 and is used to output the smallest particle impurities and excessively small fertilizer particles. During the screening process, impurities and fertilizer particles smaller than the aperture of the bottom screen 2 will pass through all the screens 2 and eventually collect at the bottom of the silo 1, being discharged through the first discharge port 11. This ensures the purity of the final screened fertilizer product and prevents impurities from mixing into qualified fertilizer, affecting its quality and effectiveness. Several second discharge ports 12 are located on the side of the silo 1 and correspond one-to-one with the screens 2, respectively collecting fertilizer products of different specifications after screening by each layer of screens 2, achieving graded discharge. The screens 2 with different aperture sizes separate the fertilizer into multiple grades according to particle size. Each discharge port collects the fertilizer of the corresponding grade, which facilitates the subsequent classification, storage, packaging and application of fertilizers of different specifications in different agricultural scenarios.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes a first linkage rack 3, a second linkage rack 4, and a plurality of rotating gears 22. The rotating gears 22 correspond one-to-one with the rotating shaft 21. The rotating gears 22 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21. The first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4 are located on both sides of the rotating gears 22. A plurality of toothed segments 34 are provided on both the first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4. The plurality of toothed segments 34 are arranged linearly along the first linkage rack 3 or the second linkage rack 4. An interval 43 is provided between adjacent toothed segments 34. Adjacent rotating gears 22 mesh with the toothed segments 34 on the first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4, respectively.

[0028] As a key driving element of the rotating mechanism, the first linkage rack 3 meshes with rotating gears 22 spaced 43 apart through its specifically arranged toothed segments 34. The toothed segments 34 are linearly arranged along the rack with a certain interval 43, a design that allows it to selectively mesh with some of the rotating gears 22 (such as those in odd positions). When the first linkage rack 3 moves linearly under the action of the driving device, the meshing rotating gears 22 rotate accordingly, thereby driving the corresponding rotating shaft 21 and the screen 2 to rotate. Due to its unique interval 43 control method, the first linkage rack 3 applies force only to specific rotating gears 22, achieving independent control of a portion of the screen 2. Furthermore, due to its positional relationship and meshing transmission with the rotating gears 22, the controlled screen 2 produces a rotational motion in a specific direction (such as clockwise). The second linkage rack 4 works in conjunction with the first linkage rack 3, together forming the core driving part of the rotating mechanism. The second linkage rack 4 also has toothed segments 34 arranged linearly along its length and spaced 43 apart. These toothed segments 34 are staggered from those of the first linkage rack 3 and mesh with rotating gears 22 spaced 43 apart. Specifically, the first linkage rack 3 controls the odd-numbered rotating gears 22, and the second linkage rack 4 controls the even-numbered rotating gears 22. Under the action of the drive device, the second linkage rack 4 and the first linkage rack 3 move linearly simultaneously. When the first linkage rack 3 pushes the odd-numbered rotating gear 22 it controls, causing the corresponding screen 2 to rotate clockwise, the second linkage rack 4 simultaneously pushes the even-numbered rotating gear 22, causing the corresponding screen 2 to rotate counterclockwise. This simultaneous operation and control of different screens 2 rotating in opposite directions creates a complex yet orderly fertilizer movement environment among the multiple layers of screens 2. During fertilizer screening, because different layers of screens 2 rotate in opposite directions simultaneously, fertilizer particles in the multi-layer screen system are subjected to forces and friction from different directions, making their trajectory more complex and variable. This not only effectively avoids localized accumulation and clogging of fertilizer particles on a certain layer of screen 2, but also greatly increases the contact opportunities and relative movement speed between the particles and screen 2, allowing the fertilizer to pass through the screen 2 with a suitable aperture more quickly, significantly improving screening efficiency. The rotating gear 22, as the intermediate component connecting the rotating shaft 21 and the linkage rack, plays a crucial role in power transmission and motion conversion. On one hand, it meshes with the toothed section 34 of the linkage rack, receiving the linear motion power from the rack and converting it into its own rotational motion; on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21, transmitting its own rotational motion to the rotating shaft 21, thereby causing the screen 2 to rotate around the rotating shaft 21. Each rotating gear 22 corresponds to one rotating shaft 21, ensuring that the rotational motion of each screen 2 is independent yet works collaboratively under the control of the linkage rack, achieving precise and orderly control of the multi-layer screen 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism includes two drive gears 5 and a first drive motor 51. The two drive gears 5 are located between the first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4 and mesh with the first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4 respectively. The two drive gears 5 are mutually connected. The first drive motor 51 is fixedly connected to the silo 1. The rotating shaft of the first drive motor 51 is fixedly connected to one of the drive gears 5.

[0030] The two drive gears 5 play a crucial role in power conversion and distribution within the drive mechanism. Driven by the first drive motor 51, one drive gear 5 rotates, and through their meshing, drives the other drive gear 5 to rotate synchronously. During meshing with the first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4, due to the special tooth profile design and relative position, when the two drive gears 5 rotate, they can respectively drive the first linkage rack 3 and the second linkage rack 4 to perform synchronous and unidirectional linear motion (simultaneously upward or simultaneously downward). This design effectively converts the rotational power of the motor into coordinated linear motion of the two linkage racks, thereby controlling the connected multi-layer screen 2 to perform unified and orderly rotational movements. The first drive motor 51, as the power source of the drive mechanism, provides the initial power for the rotation of the entire screen 2. It is fixed to the silo 1 and connected to one of the drive gears 5 via a rotating shaft, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and outputting rotational torque. According to the process requirements of fertilizer screening and the actual production situation, the speed, direction and running time of the first drive motor 51 can be flexibly adjusted to control the rotation state of the drive gear 5, thereby indirectly controlling the flipping motion of the screen 2 to adapt to the different movement characteristics of fertilizer particles on the screen 2; or the screen 2 can be flipped in the opposite direction by changing the direction of the motor to clean up fertilizer particles that may clog the screen 2 or change the movement direction of the fertilizer on the screen 2, thereby improving the screening effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding funnel 6 and a control mechanism for controlling the feeding speed. The feeding funnel 6 is fixedly connected to the silo 1, and the control mechanism is located inside the feeding funnel 6. The feeding funnel 6 is provided with a top cover 61.

[0032] The feeding hopper 6 serves as a transition channel for fertilizer to enter the silo 1, improving the accuracy and stability of fertilizer feeding. By guiding the fertilizer's trajectory, it ensures the fertilizer enters the screen 2 of the silo 1 along a predetermined path, preventing it from splashing or deviating from the screen 2 area during entry. This ensures the screen 2 can fully perform its screening function, improving screening efficiency and quality. The top cover 61 covers the top of the feeding hopper 6, acting as a physical barrier. In the fertilizer production workshop environment, there may be dust, impurities, tools, or other foreign objects.

[0033] In this embodiment, the control mechanism includes a screw rod 62 and a second drive motor 63. The second drive motor 63 is fixedly connected to the top cover 61. The screw rod 62 is located inside the feeding hopper 6. One end of the screw rod 62 extends toward the silo 1 to the discharge end of the feeding hopper 6. The rotating shaft of the second drive motor 63 is fixedly connected to the screw rod 62.

[0034] The screw rod 62, a key component for controlling the fertilizer feeding speed, is located inside the feeding hopper 6. Its rotational motion propels the fertilizer downwards along the direction of the spiral blades. The screw rod 62 enables precise control of the fertilizer feeding speed. During fertilizer production, different fertilizer types, production processes, and the working state of the screen 2 may require different feeding speeds. The presence of the screw rod 62 allows operators to flexibly adjust the feeding speed according to actual conditions to meet various production needs. The second drive motor 63 provides the power source for the rotation of the screw rod 62. The second drive motor 63 is fixed above the top cover 61, and its shaft is connected to the screw rod 62, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the screw rod 62 to rotate according to the set speed and direction.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fertilizer production and screening device, comprising a silo (1), a plurality of screens (2) are arranged in the silo (1), the screens (2) are linearly arranged in the silo (1), and a discharging mechanism is arranged on the top of the silo (1), characterized in that, The screen (2) is provided with a rotating shaft (21) embedded in the silo (1), the screen (2) is rotatably connected with the silo (1) through the rotating shaft (21), the silo (1) is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the screen (2) to flip back and forth, the rotating mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate, the silo (1) is provided with a first discharge port (11) and a plurality of second discharge ports (12), the first discharge port (11) is located at the bottom of the silo (1), and the plurality of second discharge ports (12) are located on the side of the silo (1) and correspond to the plurality of screens (2) one by one.

2. A fertilizer production screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism comprises a first linkage rack (3), a second linkage rack (4) and a plurality of rotating gears (22), the rotating gears (22) and the rotating shafts (21) correspond one by one, the rotating gears (22) are fixedly connected with the rotating shafts (21), the first linkage rack (3) and the second linkage rack (4) are located on the two sides of the rotating gears (22) respectively, a plurality of toothed segments (34) are arranged on the first linkage rack (3) and the second linkage rack (4), the plurality of toothed segments (34) are linearly arranged along the first linkage rack (3) or the second linkage rack (4), and intervals (43) are arranged between adjacent toothed segments (34).

3. The fertilizer production and screening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism comprises two driving gears (5) and a first driving motor (51), the two driving gears (5) are located between the first linkage rack (3) and the second linkage rack (4) and are engaged with the first linkage rack (3) and the second linkage rack (4) respectively, the two driving gears (5) are opposite to each other, the first driving motor (51) is fixedly connected with the silo (1), and the rotating shaft of the first driving motor (51) is fixedly connected with one of the driving gears (5).

4. The fertilizer production and screening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The discharging mechanism comprises a discharging hopper (6) and a control mechanism for controlling the discharging speed, the discharging hopper (6) is fixedly connected with the silo (1), the control mechanism is located in the discharging hopper (6), and the discharging hopper (6) is provided with a top cover (61).

5. A fertilizer production screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that The control mechanism comprises a screw rod (62) and a second driving motor (63), the second driving motor (63) is fixedly connected with the top cover (61), the screw rod (62) is located in the discharging hopper (6), one end of the screw rod (62) extending towards the silo (1) extends to the discharging end of the discharging hopper (6), and the rotating shaft of the second driving motor (63) is fixedly connected with the screw rod (62).

6. The fertilizer production and screening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The second discharge port (12) is provided with a detachable discharge baffle (13), and the first discharge port (11) and the second discharge port (12) are fixedly connected with a flow guide channel (14).

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