Floating wetland water quality purification system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, and provides a floating wetland water quality purification system which comprises at least one deceleration slope, a revetment, a wetland planting area and a purification area communicated with the wetland planting area which are sequentially arranged along the slope face to the water surface of a floating wetland, and the wetland planting area comprises a thick plain soil layer formed by tamping plain soil and a gravel weir. The thick plain soil layer and the gravel weir form a filtering area for purifying water, a protection component is arranged between the gravel weir and the purification area and comprises a plurality of baffles and an overflow weir connected with the baffles, the baffles are in butt joint with one another and are connected with the gravel weir, and water purified by the filtering area flows through the protection component and then flows towards the purification area through the protection component. Therefore, multi-stage purification of water quality is realized. According to the utility model, the multi-stage purification function of non-point source pollutants is realized, the non-point source pollutants are subjected to stage-by-stage precipitation and physical and biological multiple water quality purification and then are drained to an artificial lake or a river channel, and the water quality purification effect is obvious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, specifically to a floating wetland water purification system. Background Technology

[0002] Non-point source pollution is one of the main causes of river pollution. In particular, with the acceleration of urbanization, changes in urban land use, and the increase in the proportion of impervious areas, rainwater runoff has increased significantly, and the amount of pollution it carries has also increased. The threat of non-point source pollution of rivers caused by rainwater can no longer be ignored.

[0003] Existing ecological bank protection technologies give little consideration to the entry of non-point source pollutants into rivers. When these ecological bank protection systems encounter large amounts of non-point source pollutants, the rapid water flow and short hydraulic residence time on the slope can lead to incomplete interception of pollutants and blockage of the substrate. Large amounts of non-point source pollutants can then flow directly into rivers and lakes, deteriorating water quality and impacting vegetation. Furthermore, excessive sediment in rivers and lakes can easily cause impact damage to weirs. Therefore, improvements and developments are needed to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a floating wetland water purification system that achieves multi-stage purification of non-point source pollutants. After the non-point source pollutants undergo stepwise sedimentation and multiple physical and biological water purification processes, they are then diverted to an artificial lake or river, resulting in significant water purification effects. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0005] A floating wetland water purification system includes at least one deceleration slope, a revetment, a wetland planting area, and a purification area connected to the wetland planting area, arranged sequentially along the slope towards the water surface of the floating wetland. The wetland planting area includes a thick layer of compacted subsoil and a gravel weir. The thick subsoil layer and the gravel weir constitute a filtration area for purifying water. A protective component is provided between the gravel weir and the purification area. The protective component includes multiple baffles and an overflow weir connected to the baffles. The multiple baffles are connected to each other and connected to the gravel weir. Water purified by the filtration area flows through the protective component and then flows from the protective component towards the purification area to achieve multi-stage purification of water.

[0006] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the protective component also includes a plurality of interconnected filter screens set up corresponding to the baffle. The filter screens, the baffle, and the overflow weir form a diversion area, and the gravel intercepted by the filter screens can be left in the diversion area.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the drainage area has a drainage surface, which is inclined and extends along the arrangement direction of the baffles.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the baffle has a reinforcing convex plate, which is connected to the gravel weir.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a limit plug and a limit slot are respectively provided at the connection of two adjacent baffles, and the limit plug and the limit slot are plugged into each other to realize the connection between the two adjacent baffles.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the filtration area includes a planting layer, at least one set of coarse filter layers, at least one set of fine filter layers, and at least one set of zeolite layers, wherein the planting layer, the set of coarse filter layers, the fine filter layers, and the zeolite layers are arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a drainage pipe connected to the protective components and the purification area is provided on the wetland planting area, and the inlet of the drainage pipe is located in the zeolite layer.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the purification zone includes at least one set of purification pools, wherein an adsorption layer is provided in the purification pools and wetland vegetation is planted on the adsorption layer.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the purification pool is provided in three sets, which are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction and interconnected with each other, and the three sets of purification pools are arranged in a stepped manner.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the purification zone includes an enclosure layer, which is disposed between two adjacent purification pools. The surface of the enclosure layer is covered with an impermeable membrane, which is used to wrap the purification pool.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This utility model achieves multi-stage purification of non-point source pollutants. After the non-point source pollutants are gradually precipitated and purified by multiple physical and biological processes, they are then diverted to artificial lakes or rivers, resulting in significant water purification effects.

[0017] This utility model is designed with protective components and gravel weir connection to enhance the stability of the weir structure, reduce the impact of water and sediment on the weir, protect the safety of the weir, prevent water from directly contacting the weir, and thus extend the service life of the weir.

[0018] This invention utilizes a pebble layer and a gravel layer to perform coarse and fine filtration of large particles, respectively, to initially filter surface-source pollutants, and then uses an adsorption layer to purify the polluted water, making the water purification more thorough. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating wetland water purification system in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective component in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the protective component in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of part A in the middle.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1. Planting layer; 2. Pebble layer; 3. Shore vegetation; 4. First gravel layer; 5. Zeolite layer; 6. Drainage pipe; 7. Gravel weir; 8. Protective components; 9. First purification pond; 10. Second purification pond; 11. Third purification pond; 12. First enclosure layer; 13. Second enclosure layer; 14. Ceramsite layer; 15. Wetland vegetation; 16. Second speed reduction slope; 17. Bank protection; 18. First speed reduction slope.

[0026] 801. Overflow weir; 802. Baffle; 803. Filter screen; 804. Inlet channel; 805. Drainage area; 806. Limit plug; 807. Limit slot. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0028] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0029] Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in this specification are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered as within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0030] Example 1, combined with Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment provides a floating wetland water purification system, including at least one deceleration slope, a revetment 17, a wetland planting area, and a purification area connected to the wetland planting area, arranged sequentially along the slope towards the floating wetland water surface. The wetland planting area includes a thick layer of compacted subsoil and a gravel weir 7. The thick subsoil layer and the gravel weir 7 constitute a filtration area for purifying water quality. A protective component 8 is provided between the gravel weir 7 and the purification area. The protective component 8 includes multiple baffles 802 and an overflow weir 801 connected to the baffles 802. The multiple baffles 802 are connected to each other and connected to the gravel weir 7. The water purified by the filtration area flows through the protective component 8 and then flows from the protective component 8 towards the purification area to achieve multi-stage purification of water quality.

[0031] For example, the system mainly consists of onshore vegetation 3, a first deceleration slope 18, a bank protection 17, a second deceleration slope 16, a wetland planting area, and a purification area. Setting up the first deceleration slope 18, the bank protection 17, and the second deceleration slope 16 on the river slope can slow down the runoff velocity of non-point source pollutants flowing out of the onshore vegetation 3 and increase the hydraulic residence time of non-point source pollutants on the river slope. Due to the water level difference between the bank protection 17 and the normal water level of the wetland planting area, the water flows towards the wetland planting area.

[0032] For example, the gravel weir 7 is constructed of a mixture of crushed stone and concrete, which makes the connection between the wetland planting area and the purification area more stable.

[0033] Specifically, the thick soil layer and gravel weir 7 constitute a filtration zone for water purification, including a planting layer 1, at least one set of coarse filter layers, at least one set of fine filter layers, and at least one set of zeolite layers 5, which are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The coarse filter layer is a pebble layer 2, filled with pebbles. These pebbles serve as a preliminary physical filtration medium, helping to trap larger suspended particles, such as silt and plant debris, contained in non-point source pollutants, thus achieving coarse filtration. The fine filter layer is a first gravel layer 4, filled with smaller gravel particles, capable of intercepting small suspended particles in the water, ensuring finer filtration. The zeolite layer 5 is filled with zeolite material, which can remove ammonia nitrogen from non-point source pollutants and adsorb harmful substances, achieving water purification. It can also serve as an auxiliary fine filter, helping to trap even finer suspended particles, and its ability to slow water flow enhances sedimentation.

[0034] For example, a drainage pipe 6 is provided on the wetland planting area, which is connected to the protective component 8 and the purification area. The inlet of the drainage pipe 6 is located in the zeolite layer 5. The inlet of the drainage pipe 6 is located corresponding to the zeolite layer 5, and the pipe of the drainage pipe 6 extends through the gravel weir 7 to the protective component 8, so that the water from the last process of the wetland planting area flows to the protective component 8 through the inlet of the drainage pipe 6.

[0035] Specifically, to achieve the connection between the protective component 8 and the gravel weir 7, the baffle 802 has a reinforcing convex plate, which is bolted to the gravel weir 7 to enhance the overall strength of the gravel weir 7. The protective component 8 is 30-50cm above the water level, and its width is between 30-50cm, which can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements. To prevent gravel from being mixed into the water, the protective component 8 includes multiple interlocking filter screens 803 corresponding to the baffle 802. The filter screens 803, the baffle 802, and the overflow weir 801 form a drainage area 805, where gravel intercepted by the filter screens 803 can be retained within the drainage area 805. The filter screen 803 and the baffle 802 are set along the width of the overflow weir 801. A drainage area 805 for retaining gravel is formed between the filter screen 803 and the baffle 802. A water inlet channel 804 is set in the thick soil layer corresponding to the drainage area 805. Water is introduced into the drainage area 805 through the water inlet channel 804, which can flush away the gravel retained in the drainage area 805 and ensure the cleanliness of the drainage area 805.

[0036] For example, a limiting plug 806 and a limiting slot 807 are respectively provided at the connection point of two adjacent baffles 802. The limiting plug 806 and the limiting slot 807 are plugged into each other to realize the connection between the two adjacent baffles 802. The limiting plug 806 is configured with a T-shaped structure, and the limiting slot 807 matches the shape of the limiting plug 806. The two adjacent baffles 802 are connected to the limiting plug 806 through the limiting slot 807 to form a protective wall connected to the gravel weir 7, thereby realizing the overall reinforcement of the gravel weir 7.

[0037] For example, the drainage area 805 has a drainage surface that is inclined and extends along the arrangement direction of the baffle 802. The water inlet channel 804 is located at the highest point of the inclined drainage surface. Through water flushing, the gravel remaining on the surface can be diverted to a point at the tail end of the drainage area 805 and collected, thus preventing the gravel remaining in the drainage area 805 from affecting the cleanliness of the protective component 8.

[0038] For example, the purification zone includes at least one set of purification pools, each containing an adsorption layer on which wetland vegetation 15 is planted. The adsorption layer is configured as a ceramic granule layer 14 filled with ceramic granule material. The porous structure of the ceramic granule material provides an ideal habitat for microorganisms, helping to form a stable biofilm. These microorganisms can decompose organic pollutants within the biofilm, further enhancing the water purification effect.

[0039] Specifically, the purification tanks are arranged in three groups, which are sequentially arranged and interconnected along the water flow direction, and are arranged in a stepped manner. The three groups of purification tanks are the first purification tank 9, the second purification tank 10, and the third purification tank 11. The first purification tank 9, the second purification tank 10, and the third purification tank 11 are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. The first purification tank 9, the second purification tank 10, and the third purification tank 11 are all filled with a layer of ceramic particles 14 to improve the water purification effect. There are permeation pipes between the first purification tank 9 and the second purification tank 10, and between the second purification tank 10 and the third purification tank 11 to connect them. The permeation pipes extend along the length of the tank body and are provided with several permeation holes. The purified water flows to the next tank body through the permeation holes, so that the first purification tank 9, the second purification tank 10, and the third purification tank 11 achieve a graded purification effect. In addition, wetland vegetation 15 is arranged in the first purification pool 9, the second purification pool 10 and the third purification pool 11 to further increase the water flow and the contact time with the wetland vegetation 15, thereby significantly improving the water purification effect.

[0040] For example, the purification zone includes an enclosure layer disposed between two adjacent purification pools. The surface of the enclosure layer is covered with a geomembrane to enclose the purification pools. The enclosure layer is constructed of concrete and connected to and divided by a thick layer of subgrade at the bottom of the pool to form the purification pools. The enclosure layer includes a first enclosure layer 12 and a second enclosure layer 13. The first purification pool 9 and the second purification pool 10, as well as the second purification pool 10 and the third purification pool 11, are respectively divided by the first enclosure layer 12 and the second enclosure layer 13, thereby achieving a multi-stage water purification function.

[0041] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Non-point source pollutants flow out from the direction of the shore vegetation 3, and flow sequentially through the first deceleration slope 18, the revetment 17, and the second deceleration slope 16 to the wetland planting area. After the non-point source pollutants pass through the coarse filtration layer 2, which helps to intercept the larger suspended particles contained in the non-point source pollutants. Then, they pass through the first gravel layer 4 to achieve the fine filtration layer, which can intercept small suspended particles in the water to ensure more refined water quality filtration. Finally, they pass through the zeolite layer 5 to remove the ammonia nitrogen contained in the non-point source pollutants and adsorb the harmful substances contained in the non-point source pollutants, thereby achieving the water quality purification effect. The water body that has achieved preliminary water quality purification flows through the drain pipe 6 to the protective component 8, where it is intercepted by the filter screen 803. The water body then flows to the purification area, where it is purified through the first purification pool 9, the second purification pool 10, and the third purification pool 11 arranged in a stepped manner. This achieves the multi-stage purification function of water quality, thereby significantly improving the water quality purification effect.

[0042] Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept and scope of this utility model. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A floating wetland water quality purification system, characterized by, The wetland planting area includes a thick soil layer tamped by plain soil and a gravel weir (7), and the thick soil layer and the gravel weir (7) form a filtering area for purifying water quality, a protection member (8) is arranged between the gravel weir (7) and the purification area, the protection member (8) includes a plurality of baffles (802) and a spillway weir (801) connected with the baffles (802), the plurality of baffles (802) are connected with each other and connected with the gravel weir (7), the water purified by the filtering area flows through the protection member (8) and then flows to the purification area through the protection member (8), so as to realize multi-stage purification of water quality.

2. The floating wetland water purification system according to claim 1, wherein, The protection member (8) further includes a plurality of mutually abutting filter screens (803) arranged corresponding to the baffles (802), the filter screens (803) and the baffles (802) and the spillway weir (801) surround a drainage area (805), and the gravel intercepted by the filter screens (803) can be left in the drainage area (805).

3. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 2, wherein, The drainage area (805) has a drainage surface, and the drainage surface is inclined and extends along the arrangement direction of the baffles (802).

4. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 1, wherein, The baffle (802) has a reinforcing lug plate connected with the gravel weir (7).

5. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 1, wherein, Limiting plugs (806) and limiting plug grooves (807) are arranged at the connecting positions of the two adjacent baffles (802), respectively, the limiting plugs (806) and the limiting plug grooves (807) are inserted with each other to realize the connection between the two adjacent baffles (802).

6. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 1, wherein, The filtering area includes a planting layer (1), at least one group of coarse filter layers, at least one group of fine filter layers, and at least one group of zeolite layers (5), and the planting layer (1), the group of coarse filter layers, the group of fine filter layers, and the group of zeolite layers (5) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

7. A floating wetland water purification system according to claim 6, wherein, A drainage pipe (6) is arranged on the wetland planting area and communicates with the protection member (8) and the purification area, and the water inlet of the drainage pipe (6) is arranged on the zeolite layer (5).

8. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 1, wherein, The purification area includes at least one group of purification pools, an adsorption layer is arranged in each purification pool, and wetland vegetation (15) is planted on the adsorption layer.

9. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 8, wherein, The purification area includes at least one group of purification pools, an adsorption layer is arranged in each purification pool, and wetland vegetation (15) is planted on the adsorption layer.

10. The floating wetland water purification system of claim 9, wherein, The purification area includes a surrounding layer, the surrounding layer is arranged between the two adjacent purification pools, and a waterproof film is arranged on the surface of the surrounding layer, and the waterproof film is used for wrapping the purification pool.

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