Composite anchorage

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a combined type anchorage which is erected on a foundation pit, a drill hole is drilled in the foundation pit, and the combined type anchorage comprises a gravity anchor steel bar frame, a bearing beam, an anchoring assembly and a concrete body. The gravity anchor steel bar frame is arranged on the foundation pit; the two ends of the bearing beam are arranged in the gravity anchor steel bar frames correspondingly. The anchoring assembly is fixedly arranged in the gravity anchor steel bar frame, one end of the anchoring assembly is anchored in the drill hole, and the other end of the anchoring assembly extends out of the gravity anchor steel bar frame. The concrete body is poured on the peripheries of the gravity anchor steel bar frame and the anchoring assembly and in the bearing beam, the concrete body forms a hollowed-out part communicated with the outside, the middle of the bearing beam is exposed out of the hollowed-out part, and the bearing beam is used for installing cable hoisting equipment. According to the utility model, the load stress is effectively dispersed, the stress is more uniform, the stability of the whole structure is improved, the cracking caused by overlarge internal load stress under the condition of a single anchorage is avoided, and the construction quality is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and in particular to a composite anchorage. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing emergence of steel pipe arch bridges, the construction of auxiliary construction structures such as cable-stayed elevators is becoming more frequent. Ensuring the stability of the cable-stayed elevator system during the hoisting process is crucial. To address this issue, the anchorage structure, one of the main load-bearing structures, needs to meet higher load-bearing requirements.

[0003] There are currently three types of anchorage structures: gravity anchorages, rock anchorages, and tunnel anchorages. Gravity anchorages are anchored by pouring large concrete blocks and utilizing their own weight. Rock anchorages are anchored by drilling holes in areas with good geology and hard rock, inserting anchor cables, and anchoring them after grouting. Tunnel anchorages are anchored by excavating inverted funnel-shaped tunnels at a certain angle on both sides of the bridge, binding steel bars inside, pouring concrete, embedding anchor cables, and using friction or embedment resistance for anchoring.

[0004] Among these, gravity anchorages involve excessively large concrete volumes and materials, making it difficult to manage the internal hydration heat during construction and ensuring effective quality control. Rock anchorages are affected by the surrounding geological conditions, and relying solely on anchor cables to the ground for anchoring makes it difficult to prevent the cables from breaking and being pulled out during operation. While tunnel anchorages offer good anchoring performance, they require extensive excavation work, consume too much material, have a long construction period, and have extremely high geological requirements.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new anchorage structure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a composite anchorage that addresses the problems of low construction quality and poor structural stability in existing anchorage structures.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a composite anchorage erected on a foundation pit, the foundation pit having drilled holes. The composite anchorage comprises a gravity anchor reinforcement frame, a load-bearing beam, an anchoring component, and a concrete body. The gravity anchor reinforcement frame is positioned on the foundation pit. Both ends of the load-bearing beam are respectively positioned within the gravity anchor reinforcement frame. The anchoring component is fixedly positioned within the gravity anchor reinforcement frame, with one end anchored in the drilled hole and the other end extending out of the gravity anchor reinforcement frame. The concrete body is poured around the gravity anchor reinforcement frame and the anchoring component, as well as within the load-bearing beam, and forms a hollow section communicating with the outside. The middle portion of the load-bearing beam is exposed within the hollow section, and the load-bearing beam is used to install cable-stayed hoisting equipment.

[0008] Optionally, the anchoring assembly includes an anchor cable and a corrugated pipe. The anchor cable includes a rock anchor section anchored in the foundation pit, an anchoring section cast in the concrete body, and a free section exposed above the gravity anchor steel frame, which are connected in sequence. The free section is used to connect with the tensioning equipment. The corrugated pipe is sleeved outside the anchoring section and the free section.

[0009] Optionally, the anchoring assembly includes multiple anchor cables, all of which are disposed inside the corrugated pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the composite anchor includes multiple anchoring components, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow portion.

[0011] Optionally, the composite anchorage further includes fasteners and expansion members disposed in the borehole. Both the fasteners and the expansion members have grouting holes at their centers for grouting pipes to pass through. The fasteners form a plurality of first through holes circumferentially distributed along their centers. The expansion members form a plurality of second through holes circumferentially distributed along their centers at their edges. The rock anchor section passes through the first through holes and the second through holes respectively. The diameter of the expansion member exceeds the diameter of the fasteners by 30mm-40mm.

[0012] Optionally, there may be multiple fasteners and expansion members, which are alternately arranged along the length of the rock anchor section.

[0013] Optionally, the composite anchorage further includes a first grout plug and a second grout plug, wherein the first grout plug is used to seal the borehole and the second grout plug is used to seal the bellows.

[0014] Optionally, the anchoring assembly further includes a spring bar, which is sleeved outside the anchoring section, and one end of the spring bar is fixedly disposed on the side of the gravity anchor reinforcement frame near the free section.

[0015] Optionally, the composite anchor also includes a plurality of buckles arranged along the extension direction of the anchor cable. The plurality of buckles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow portion. The buckles are fixedly arranged inside the gravity anchor steel frame, and a portion of the buckles is exposed in the concrete body. The portion of the buckles exposed in the concrete body forms two spaced lugs.

[0016] This utility model employs a composite anchorage structure combining rock anchorage and gravity anchorage, providing double reinforcement to the anchorage and increasing its strength. This results in higher strength while reducing the volume of concrete and steel reinforcement required for the gravity anchorage. The reduced concrete volume also makes it suitable for rapid construction in mountainous areas with limited space. Furthermore, the load stress that would otherwise exist solely within the gravity anchorage and rock anchorage is effectively dispersed, resulting in more uniform stress distribution and improved overall structural stability. This avoids the situation where excessive internal load stress in a single anchorage could lead to cracking and failure to anchor, thus preventing safety and quality accidents and ensuring construction quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before the concrete body is poured in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the concrete structure after it has been poured and formed.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 sectional view of aa;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 3 cc section view.

[0024] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0025] 1. Excavation pit; 1.1 Drilling; 2. Gravity anchor reinforcement frame; 3. Load-bearing beam; 4. Anchoring components; 4.1 Anchor cable; 4.1.1 Rock anchor section; 4.1.2 Anchoring section; 4.1.3 Free section; 4.2 Corrugated pipe; 4.3 Spring reinforcement; 4.4 Anchor beam steel plate; 5. Concrete main body; 5.1 Hollow part; 6. Fastener; 6.1 First through hole; 7. Expansion piece; 7.1 Second through hole; 8. Grouting hole; 9. First grout plug; 10. Buckle; 10.1 Ear seat; 11. Grouting pipe.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0028] This invention proposes a composite anchorage, aiming to solve the problems of low construction quality and poor structural stability of existing anchorage structures.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the composite anchorage includes a gravity anchor steel frame 2, a load-bearing beam 3, an anchoring component 4, and a concrete body 5. The gravity anchor steel frame 2 is installed on the foundation pit 1. Both ends of the load-bearing beam 3 are respectively installed inside the gravity anchor steel frame 2. The anchoring component 4 is fixedly installed inside the gravity anchor steel frame 2, and one end of the anchoring component 4 is anchored in the borehole 1.1, while the other end extends out of the gravity anchor steel frame 2. The concrete body 5 is poured around the gravity anchor steel frame 2 and the anchoring component 4, as well as inside the load-bearing beam 3. The concrete body 5 forms a hollow part 5.1 that communicates with the outside. The middle part of the load-bearing beam 3 is exposed in the hollow part 5.1. The load-bearing beam 3 is used to install cable hoisting equipment. This embodiment employs a composite anchorage structure combining rock anchorage and gravity anchorage, providing double reinforcement to the anchorage and increasing its strength. This results in higher strength while reducing the volume of concrete and steel reinforcement required for the gravity anchorage. The reduced concrete volume also makes it suitable for rapid construction in mountainous areas with limited space. Furthermore, the load stress that would otherwise exist solely within the gravity anchorage and rock anchorage is effectively distributed, resulting in more uniform stress distribution and improved overall structural stability. This avoids the cracking caused by excessive internal load stress in the case of a single anchorage, effectively ensuring construction quality. In this embodiment, there are two load-bearing beams 3: a larger diameter main beam and a smaller diameter auxiliary beam, both used for installing cable-stayed hoisting equipment.

[0030] Among them, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The anchoring assembly 4 includes an anchor cable 4.1 and a corrugated pipe 4.2. The anchor cable 4.1 includes a rock anchor section 4.1.1 anchored in the foundation pit 1, an anchoring section 4.1.2 cast in the concrete main body 5, and a free section 4.1.3 exposed above the gravity anchor steel frame 2, which are connected in sequence. The free section 4.1.3 is used to connect with the tensioning equipment. The corrugated pipe 4.2 is sleeved on the outside of the anchoring section 4.1.2 and the free section 4.1.3. Insert the free section 4.1.3 of anchor cable 4.1 into borehole 1.1, and pour concrete into the borehole to anchor anchor cable 4.1 in borehole 1.1, completing the rock anchor construction. Then, construct gravity anchor reinforcement frame 2, and pass anchor cable 4.1 through gravity anchor reinforcement frame 2 along the extension direction of borehole 1.1. The part where anchor cable 4.1 coincides with gravity anchor reinforcement frame 2 is the anchoring section 4.1.2, and the part extending out of gravity anchor reinforcement frame 2 is the free section 4.1.3. Corrugated steel is then fitted over anchoring section 4.1.2. The corrugated pipe 4.2 is installed, and then a concrete main body 5 is formed by pouring concrete around the outer perimeter of the gravity anchor steel frame 2. The anchoring section 4.1.2, which is fitted with the corrugated pipe 4.2, is poured into the concrete main body 5. The free section 4.1.3 is connected to the tensioning equipment. After the tensioning equipment tensions the anchor cable 4.1, grout is injected into the corrugated pipe 4.2. Finally, the anchor is sealed to anchor the anchor cable 4.1 into the corrugated pipe 4.2. This effectively ensures the anchor strength, simplifies the construction process, and effectively improves construction safety.

[0031] The anchoring assembly 4 also includes an anchor beam steel plate 4.4, which is located at the junction of the free section 4.1.3 and the concrete body 5. The anchor beam steel plate 4.4 is used to reinforce the surface of the concrete body 5 at the edge of the anchoring assembly 4 to prevent cracking.

[0032] Specifically, the anchoring assembly 4 includes multiple anchor cables 4.1, all of which are housed within the corrugated pipe 4.2. The multiple anchor cables 4.1 effectively improve structural stability and can withstand larger vertical or horizontal forces, as well as resist ground slippage.

[0033] Furthermore, the composite anchor includes multiple anchoring components 4, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow portion 5.1. The symmetrical arrangement of the multiple anchoring components 4 about the hollow portion 5.1 helps to distribute the force and ensure the stability of the anchor structure.

[0034] Furthermore, see Figure 5 and Figure 6The composite anchor also includes a fastener 6 and an expansion member 7 installed in the borehole 1.1. Both the fastener 6 and the expansion member 7 have grouting holes 8 at their centers for the grouting pipe 11 to pass through. The fastener 6 forms multiple first through holes 6.1 circumferentially distributed along its center. The expansion member 7 forms multiple second through holes 7.1 circumferentially distributed along its center at its edge. The rock anchor section 4.1.1 passes through the first through holes 6.1 and the second through holes 7.1 respectively. The diameter of the expansion member 7 exceeds the diameter of the fastener 6 by 30mm-40mm. The expansion member 7 also has grout leakage holes to allow grout to fill the borehole 1.1. The anchor cable 4.1 is installed in the borehole 1.1 through the fastener 6 and the expansion member 7. After grouting, it provides good fixing and friction, preventing the anchor cable 4.1 from shrinking after being inserted into the borehole, thus avoiding uneven stress on the anchor cable 4.1. It serves both a limiting function and a force distribution function.

[0035] In this embodiment, there are multiple fasteners 6 and expansion members 7, which are alternately arranged along the length of the rock anchor section 4.1.1. The alternating arrangement of fasteners 6 and expansion members 7 ensures that the anchor cable 4.1 is evenly distributed under stress, while simultaneously reinforcing the tension of the anchor cable 4.1 in the concrete body 5 and the foundation pit 1, further improving the stability of the anchor structure.

[0036] In addition, the composite anchorage also includes a first grout plug 9 and a second grout plug. The first grout plug 9 is used to seal the borehole 1.1, and the second grout plug is used to seal the bellows 4.2. When anchoring the rock anchor section 4.1.1 of the anchor cable 4.1, after injecting grout into the borehole 1.1, the first grout plug 9 is used to seal the borehole 1.1. Similarly, when anchoring the anchor section 4.1.2 within the bellows 4.2, after injecting grout, the second grout plug is used to seal the bellows 4.2. This isolates the grout from the external environment, preventing external impurities from entering, and ensuring that the concrete after the grout solidifies is more compact. In this embodiment, the first grout plug 9 and the second grout plug are made of C35 concrete.

[0037] The anchoring assembly 4 also includes a spring bar 4.3, which is sleeved on the outside of the anchoring section 4.1.2, with one end of the spring bar 4.3 fixedly attached to the side of the gravity anchor reinforcement frame 2 near the free section 4.1.3. The spring bar 4.3 acts as a buffer, preventing excessive tension from causing cracks on the anchor surface in the later stages.

[0038] The composite anchor also includes multiple fasteners 10 arranged along the extension direction of the anchor cable 4.1. These fasteners 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow portion 5.1. The fasteners 10 are fixed within the gravity anchor reinforcement frame 2, with portions of each fastener 10 protruding from the concrete body 5. These protruding portions of the fasteners 10 form two spaced-apart lugs 10.1. The lugs 10.1 on the fasteners 10 are used for docking with cable hoisting equipment, and multiple fasteners 10 are provided to accommodate different types of cable hoisting equipment.

[0039] In this embodiment, the specific process flow of the composite anchorage is as follows:

[0040] ① After the anchorage site is cleared and leveled, the foundation pit 1 is excavated using cold blasting to minimize disturbance to the surrounding soil and rock.

[0041] ② Drill hole 1.1 with a diameter of 13cm. After cleaning the hole, insert anchor cable 4.1. In this embodiment, anchor cable 4.1 uses Ф15.24 high-strength, low-relaxation steel strand. The fasteners 6 and expansion members 7 of anchor cable 4.1 provide good fixing and friction after grouting, preventing anchor cable 4.1 from shrinking after being inserted into the hole and causing uneven stress on anchor cable 4.1. Grout the underground part of anchor cable 4.1 (i.e., anchoring section 4.1.2) with M30 mortar. After it reaches 80% of the design strength, the rock anchoring work is completed, and gravity anchoring construction begins.

[0042] ③ Begin clearing debris from the original ground, erect a gravity anchor steel frame 2, place a steel pipe load-bearing beam 3 and a cable 10, and pass the anchor cable 4.1 through a corrugated pipe 4.2 with a diameter of 9cm. Set a Ф20 spring bar 4.3 on the upper part of the free section 4.1.3 of the anchor cable 4.1 for buffering to avoid excessive tension in the later stage, which may cause cracks on the surface of the anchor seat.

[0043] ④ Pour C30 concrete as a whole. After it reaches 90% of the design strength, start the anchor cable 4.1 grade tensioning. After tensioning to the position, fix it with anchorage, pre-embed air pipes, start grouting, and finally seal the anchor to complete the composite anchor construction.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite anchorage, which is arranged on a foundation pit (1), and a drill hole (2) is drilled on the foundation pit (1), wherein the composite anchorage comprises a plurality of anchoring members (3) arranged in the drill hole (2), and a plurality of anchoring members (3) are arranged in the drill hole (2) in a staggered manner. 1.1) characterized in that, The composite anchor includes a gravity anchor steel bar frame (2), a bearing beam (3), an anchoring assembly (4) and a concrete body (5); the gravity anchor steel bar frame (2) is arranged on the foundation pit (1); the two ends of the bearing beam (3) are respectively arranged in the gravity anchor steel bar frame (2); the anchoring assembly (4) is fixedly arranged in the gravity anchor steel bar frame (2), one end of the anchoring assembly (4) is anchored in the drill hole (1.1), and the other end of the anchoring assembly (4) extends out of the gravity anchor steel bar frame (2); the concrete body (5) is poured in the outer periphery of the gravity anchor steel bar frame (2) and the anchoring assembly (4) and the bearing beam (3), and the concrete body (5) forms a hollow part (5.1) in communication with the outside, the middle part of the bearing beam (3) is exposed in the hollow part (5.1), and the bearing beam (3) is used for installing cable hoisting equipment.

2. The combined type anchorage as claimed in claim 1, wherein The anchoring assembly (4) includes an anchor cable (4.1) and a corrugated pipe (4.2), the anchor cable (4.1) includes a rock anchor section (4.1.1) anchored in the foundation pit (1), an anchoring section (4.1.2) poured in the concrete body (5) and a free section (4.1.3) exposed from the gravity anchor steel bar frame (2) connected in sequence, and the free section (4.1.3) is used for docking with tensioning equipment; the corrugated pipe (4.2) is sleeved outside the anchoring section (4.1.2) and the free section (4.1.3).

3. The combined type anchorage as claimed in claim 2, wherein The anchoring assembly (4) includes a plurality of anchor cables (4.1), and the plurality of anchor cables (4.1) are arranged in the corrugated pipe (4.2).

4. The combined type anchorage as claimed in claim 3, wherein The number of the anchoring assemblies (4) is multiple, and the multiple anchoring assemblies (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow part (5.1).

5. The combined type anchorage as claimed in claim 4, wherein The composite anchor further includes a fastener (6) and an expansion member (7) arranged in the drill hole (1.1), the fastener (6) and the expansion member (7) are provided with a grouting hole (8) through which a grouting pipe (11) passes at the center thereof; the fastener (6) forms a plurality of first through holes (6.1) distributed in a circumferential direction along the center of the fastener (6); the edge of the expansion member (7) forms a plurality of second through holes (7.1) distributed in a circumferential direction along the center of the expansion member (7), and the rock anchor section (4.1.1) passes through the first through hole (6.1) and the second through hole (7.1) respectively; the diameter of the expansion member (7) exceeds the diameter of the fastener (6) by 30-40 mm.

6. The combined anchor of claim 5, wherein, The number of the fastener (6) and the expansion member (7) is multiple, and the multiple fasteners (6) and the multiple expansion members (7) are alternately arranged along the length direction of the rock anchor section (4.1.1).

7. The composite anchorage of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, The composite anchor further includes a first grouting plug (9) and a second grouting plug, the first grouting plug (9) is used for plugging the drill hole (1.1), and the second grouting plug is used for plugging the corrugated pipe (4.2).

8. The composite anchorage of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, The anchoring assembly (4) further comprises a spring tendon (4.3) sleeved outside the anchoring section (4.1.2), and one end of the spring tendon (4.3) is fixedly arranged on one side of the gravity anchor steel tendon frame (2) close to the free section (4.1.3).

9. The composite anchorage of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, The composite anchor also comprises a plurality of buckling ropes (10) arranged along the extension direction of the anchor rope (4.1), a plurality of the buckling ropes (10) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow part (5.1), the buckling ropes (10) are fixedly arranged in the gravity anchor steel tendon frame (2), and part of the buckling ropes (10) is exposed to the concrete main body (5), and the part of the buckling ropes (10) exposed to the concrete main body (5) forms two spaced apart ear seats (10.1).

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