Lead electrolysis anode residual polar plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lead electrolysis anode residual plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device which comprises a rack and is characterized in that driving devices are arranged on the two sides of the upper portion of the rack respectively, a drying trolley is arranged on the upper portions of the driving devices, a hot gas distribution box is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the rack, and hot gas inlets are formed in the bottoms of the hot gas distribution box respectively; a plurality of first air holes are formed in the top of the hot gas distribution box, a trolley connector is arranged between every two adjacent drying trolleys, and a plurality of second air holes are formed in the bottoms of the drying trolleys, so that the melting process that a solution enters anode scraps and cathode lead sheets is greatly reduced, and the material temperature is increased by fully utilizing flue gas waste heat; and the amount of silicofluoric acid aerosol in tail gas is reduced, process energy consumption is reduced, enterprise production is stabilized, and energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lead electrolysis technology, specifically to a heating device for utilizing the waste heat of lead electrolysis anode residual plate and cathode lead sheet. Background Technology

[0002] The crude lead electrolytic refining process using fluorine silicate is the mainstream process for refined lead production in China. Crude lead is cast into an anode, and a refined lead starting sheet is used as the cathode. A suitable direct current is passed through a fluorine silicate solution. Lead and metals with a more negative potential than lead in the crude lead at the anode dissolve into the solution. Lead, copper, and other metals are deposited on the cathode plate, while other metals that enter the solution exist in the electrolyte in the form of fluorine silicates. Impurities with a more positive potential than lead in the crude lead do not dissolve and adhere to the anode plate, which is called anode mud.

[0003] After a certain period, most of the lead in the crude lead anode dissolves (about 70-80%) and enters the solution, precipitating on the cathode plate. The remaining crude lead remains on the anode plate, called the residual electrode. After cleaning and recycling the anode mud, it is melted and recast into crude lead anode plates for return to electrolytic refining. The extracted cathode lead sheets are melted and further impurities are removed. Some are made into starting electrode sheets for return to electrolytic refining, while the rest are cast into refined lead ingots, becoming the finished product.

[0004] The residual electrode and cathode lead sheet are removed from the fluorosilicate solution. After cleaning the anode mud, the surface is covered with a certain amount of fluorosilicate solution because the washing water is recycled to a fluorosilicate solution.

[0005] Because the surface of the residual electrode has a mesh structure and is covered with a large number of tiny pores and gaps, the mesh structure contains a certain amount of water after cleaning the residual electrode, and the numerous tiny pores and gaps contain fluorosilicic acid, water, and fluorosilicate solution.

[0006] The cathode lead sheet has a rough surface during electrolytic crystallization, often forming irregular nodular bumps and pores, and also contains a large number of tiny holes and gaps. When taken out of the electrolytic fluorosilicic acid solution, it also carries a certain amount of fluorosilicic acid and fluorosilicate solution.

[0007] Currently, in industrial production, both residual electrodes and cathode lead sheets are directly or briefly suspended for natural drying before being added to melting equipment for casting. However, brief natural drying cannot effectively remove fluorosilicic acid, water, and fluorosilicate solutions. During melting, water, fluorosilicic acid, and fluorosilicate solutions are heated and enter the flue gas. When the dust collection system cools, the water in the flue gas condenses and clumps on the dust filter media, clogging it. This increases the resistance of the dust collection system, reduces the negative pressure of the melting equipment, and causes severe flue gas leakage, deteriorating the environment and placing significant environmental pressure on the work site. In severe cases, production may be interrupted.

[0008] Meanwhile, as the flue gas temperature decreases, fluorosilicic acid and fluorosilates precipitate from the flue gas as aerosols, making them difficult to trap by the filter media of dust collection equipment. These aerosols exist as colloidal particles in the exhaust gas, which flue gas monitoring equipment classifies as particulate matter, frequently resulting in "particulate matter" levels in the exhaust gas exceeding 2 mg / Nm³. 3 This seriously affects the normal operation of production.

[0009] Secondly, because fluorides have relatively low melting points and high volatility, the fluorides that enter the melting process and the fluorides produced by the reaction with fluorosilicic acid enter the gas phase, increasing the dust collection load.

[0010] Currently, the waste heat from the high-temperature flue gas in lead smelting equipment is not effectively utilized. The heat in the flue gas is dissipated into the air through surface coolers to lower the temperature and meet the requirements of the dust collection process, resulting in a waste of thermal energy.

[0011] To address the aforementioned problems, current known methods and research directions focus on improving and perfecting dust collection systems, adopting advanced dust collection technologies and equipment. This leads to increased investment in dust collection equipment, but still fails to fundamentally solve the problems of short operating cycles of dust collection systems and occasional momentary "excessive" levels of particulate matter in exhaust gas. Summary of the Invention

[0012] This invention provides a heating device for utilizing the waste heat of lead electrolysis anode residual plate and cathode lead sheet, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a heating device for utilizing the waste heat of lead electrolysis anode residual plate and cathode lead sheet, comprising a frame, characterized in that: driving devices are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper part of the frame, a drying trolley is arranged on the upper part of the driving devices, a hot gas distribution box is arranged in the middle section of the upper part of the frame, a hot gas inlet is respectively arranged at the bottom of the hot gas distribution box, a plurality of first vent holes are arranged at the top of the hot gas distribution box, a trolley connector is arranged between adjacent drying trolleys, and a plurality of second vent holes are arranged at the bottom of the drying trolley.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the second vent hole at the bottom of the drying trolley is 0.05-1 mm, and the porosity is greater than 60%.

[0015] Furthermore, trolley tracks are provided on both sides of the frame, wheel couplings are provided on both sides of the drying trolley, trolley wheels are provided on the wheel couplings, sealing devices are provided on both sides of the bottom of the drying trolley, and a gas collection hood is provided on the upper part of the drying trolley, with an exhaust port on the top of the gas collection hood.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] By utilizing the waste heat from the high-temperature flue gas generated during anode and cathode refining, the moisture on the residual electrode and cathode lead sheets is further dried and kept at a certain temperature before being added to the lead melting pot. This significantly reduces the amount of solution entering the residual electrode and cathode lead sheets during the melting process. It also makes full use of the waste heat from the flue gas to increase the material temperature, reduce the amount of silica fluoride aerosol in the tail gas, reduce process energy consumption, stabilize enterprise production, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drying trolley and hot gas distribution box of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a heating device for utilizing the waste heat of lead electrolysis anode residual plates and cathode lead sheets includes a frame 1. The device is characterized by: drive devices 7 being respectively arranged on both sides of the upper part of the frame 1; a drying trolley 2 being arranged on the upper part of the drive devices 7; a hot gas distribution box 3 being arranged in the middle section of the upper part of the frame 1; hot gas inlets 6 being respectively arranged at the bottom of the hot gas distribution box 3; a plurality of first vent holes 4 being arranged at the top of the hot gas distribution box 3; a trolley connector 5 being arranged between adjacent drying trolleys 2; a plurality of second vent holes 8 being arranged at the bottom of the drying trolley 2; the diameter of the second vent holes 8 at the bottom of the drying trolley 2 is 0.05-1mm, and the porosity is greater than 60%; trolley tracks 11 being respectively arranged on both sides of the frame 1; wheel couplings 12 being respectively arranged on both sides of the drying trolley 2; trolley wheels 10 being arranged on the wheel couplings 12; sealing devices 9 being respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the drying trolley 2; a gas collection hood 13 being correspondingly arranged on the upper part of the drying trolley 2; and an exhaust port 14 being arranged at the top of the gas collection hood 13.

[0023] The drying trolley 2 is made of high thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient, and corrosion-resistant materials, with a thermal conductivity greater than 120 W·m⁻¹·K⁻² and an expansion coefficient less than 4 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹. High-quality SiC is preferred, followed by AlN and 316L stainless steel. A high-temperature sealing device 9 ensures that gas enters the lower part of the drying trolley 2 and enters through the second vent 8 at the bottom of the trolley 2 to contact the material for heat exchange. The moving speed of the drying trolley 2 and the amount of gas entering the hot gas distribution box 3 are mutually controlled by intelligent detection to ensure that the temperature of the material leaving the drying trolley 2 is above 95°C. The hot gas distribution box 3, through the high-temperature sealing device 9, ensures that gas enters the lower part of the drying trolley 2. After passing through the material, the hot gas is collected in the gas collection hood 13.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead electrolytic anode butts plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device, comprising a rack (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the frame (1) is provided with driving devices (7) on both sides, the upper part of the driving device (7) is provided with drying trolleys (2), the upper part of the frame (1) is provided with hot gas distribution boxes (3) in the middle, the bottom of the hot gas distribution box (3) is provided with hot gas inlets (6) respectively, the top of the hot gas distribution box (3) is provided with a plurality of first air holes (4), the adjacent drying trolleys (2) are provided with trolley connectors (5), and the bottom of the drying trolley (2) is provided with a plurality of second air holes (8).

2. The lead electrolysis anode scrap plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air hole (8) at the bottom of the drying trolley (2) has a diameter of 0.05-1mm, and the porosity is greater than 60%.

3. The lead electrolysis anode scrap plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with trolley tracks (11) on both sides, the drying trolleys (2) are provided with wheel couplings (12) on both sides, the wheel couplings (12) are provided with trolley wheels (10), the bottom of the drying trolley (2) is provided with sealing devices (9) on both sides, the upper part of the drying trolley (2) is provided with gas collection covers (13) correspondingly, and the top of the gas collection cover (13) is provided with an exhaust port (14).

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