Tail emission hydrogen elimination device for hydrogen fuel cell automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell tail gas treatment, in particular to a hydrogen removal device for tail gas emission of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile. The hydrogen removal device for the tail exhaust of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle specifically comprises a gas inlet end, a gas-liquid separation mechanism and a gas exhaust end, the gas-liquid separation mechanism is communicated with the gas inlet end and the gas outlet end; the exhaust end comprises a control valve, a normal tail exhaust pipeline and a hydrogen elimination tail exhaust pipeline, and the control valve is communicated with the gas-liquid separation mechanism and the normal tail exhaust pipeline or the hydrogen elimination tail exhaust pipeline. The multi-scene hydrogen elimination device has the advantage of high-efficiency hydrogen elimination in multiple scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell exhaust gas treatment technology, and in particular to a hydrogen exhaust removal device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are based on the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the anode and cathode, respectively. Hydrogen reacts with the electrolyte at the anode, releasing electrons that pass through an external load to the cathode, directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy. Hydrogen is the primary fuel source in hydrogen fuel cell systems. However, in actual operation, due to incomplete reactions, system start-ups and shutdowns, malfunctions, and design flaws, some hydrogen may not fully participate in the reaction and is emitted with the exhaust gas. Furthermore, hydrogen emission may be required during the maintenance and repair of fuel cell vehicles and other hydrogen-using equipment.

[0003] Currently, most automotive exhaust systems only have a noise reduction function. For hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen emissions are mostly diluted with air to keep the hydrogen concentration below 2% before direct emission. However, the hydrogen in the exhaust is only diluted, not effectively eliminated. With the marketization and large-scale application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and other hydrogen fuel cell equipment, hydrogen concentrations will rise in certain spaces, especially in relatively enclosed environments such as tunnels and underground parking garages, posing serious safety hazards. Currently, in most cases both domestically and internationally, the operation of vehicles equipped with hydrogen fuel cells in enclosed spaces such as garages and tunnels is prohibited. This will greatly limit the future development and promotion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. At present, there are no reasonable solutions, either domestically or internationally, for efficiently eliminating hydrogen in various scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, a hydrogen exhaust removal device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is provided to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a hydrogen exhaust hydrogen removal device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, which aims to solve the problem of how to efficiently remove hydrogen in multiple scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A hydrogen exhaust hydrogen removal device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle includes: an intake end, a gas-liquid separation mechanism, and an exhaust end;

[0008] The gas-liquid separation mechanism connects the air inlet end and the air outlet end;

[0009] The exhaust end includes a control valve, a normal exhaust pipeline, and a hydrogen elimination exhaust pipeline. The control valve connects the gas-liquid separation mechanism to the normal exhaust pipeline or the hydrogen elimination exhaust pipeline.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the air inlet end is provided with a spiral guide vane.

[0011] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the gas-liquid separation mechanism includes several corrugated baffles and a liquid reservoir, wherein the liquid reservoir is located below the several corrugated baffles.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the corrugated baffles are arranged alternately in the upper and lower parts.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the control valve includes a photosensitive sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein the photosensitive sensor is used to detect light intensity and the hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect hydrogen concentration.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the control valve has a manual switching mode and an automatic switching mode:

[0015] When manually switching modes: manually control the control valve to connect the normal tailpipeline or the hydrogen elimination tailpipeline;

[0016] In automatic switching mode: the photosensitive sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor transmit the signals detected in real time to the control valve. After receiving the signal, the control valve automatically connects the normal tail discharge pipeline or the hydrogen elimination tail discharge pipeline.

[0017] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the hydrogen exhaust pipeline is surrounded by a heater.

[0018] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the hydrogen elimination tailings pipeline has a honeycomb structure inside, and the hydrogen elimination tailings pipeline is laid with several small hexagonal pipes.

[0019] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the hydrogen exhaust pipeline adopts a solid hydrogen storage material.

[0020] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the solid hydrogen storage material is a graphene interface nanovalve solid material or a titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen storage material.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] This invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device. A gas-liquid separation mechanism is installed between the intake and exhaust ends to separate water in the exhaust, reducing the impact of water on the hydrogen remover and ensuring more efficient hydrogen removal in environments requiring hydrogen removal. A control valve is installed at the exhaust end to select the exhaust pipeline path. In enclosed spaces such as tunnels, garages, and basements, it can switch to the hydrogen removal exhaust pipeline path; in open spaces, it can switch to the normal exhaust pipeline path. This prevents the hydrogen remover's capacity from approaching or reaching saturation in environments requiring hydrogen removal, thus avoiding performance degradation. This hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device features efficient hydrogen removal in multiple scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of the hydrogen exhaust removal device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the hydrogen exhaust removal device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles according to this utility model.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Inlet end; 11. Spiral guide vanes;

[0028] 2. Gas-liquid separation mechanism; 21. Corrugated baffle; 22. Liquid receiver;

[0029] 3. Exhaust end; 31. Control valve; 32. Normal tailpipeline; 33. Hydrogen removal tailpipeline; 34. Heater. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The same reference numerals used throughout the drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "up," "down," "left," and "right" used in this invention are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of the invention in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 2A hydrogen exhaust hydrogen removal device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle includes an intake end 1, a gas-liquid separation mechanism 2, and an exhaust end 3.

[0033] The gas-liquid separation mechanism 2 connects the gas inlet end 1 and the exhaust end 3; the exhaust end 3 includes a control valve 31, a normal tail exhaust pipeline 32 and a hydrogen elimination tail exhaust pipeline 33, and the control valve 31 connects the gas-liquid separation mechanism 2 with the normal tail exhaust pipeline 32 or the hydrogen elimination tail exhaust pipeline 33.

[0034] Specifically, a gas-liquid separation mechanism 2 is installed between the air inlet 1 and the exhaust 3 to separate water in the exhaust, reducing the impact of water on the hydrogen depletion device and ensuring more efficient hydrogen removal in environments requiring hydrogen depletion. A control valve 31 is installed at the exhaust 3 to select the exhaust pipeline route. In enclosed spaces such as tunnels, garages, and basements, it can switch to the hydrogen depletion exhaust pipeline 33, while in open spaces, it can switch to the normal exhaust pipeline 32. This prevents the hydrogen depletion device from approaching or reaching saturation in environments requiring hydrogen depletion, thus avoiding performance degradation. This hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen depletion device features efficient hydrogen depletion in multiple scenarios. This hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen elimination device takes into account the issue of hydrogen absorption saturation of the hydrogen elimination material under continuous use. It is designed for continuous operation and differentiates its application scenarios. For example, in open areas, exhaust can be directly eliminated, thereby reducing the saturation of the hydrogen elimination material. This avoids reduced hydrogen elimination efficiency due to hydrogen absorption saturation in critical application scenarios such as underground parking lots and tunnels. Furthermore, this hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen elimination device is feature-rich and has high practical value.

[0035] In one embodiment, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 2 includes several corrugated baffles 21 and a liquid reservoir 22. A liquid level sensor and a drain valve can be installed inside the liquid reservoir 22 to automatically adjust the water level, avoiding the tedious manual drainage. Alternatively, a circulation pipeline can be installed in part of the liquid reservoir 22 to automatically recycle the water after gas-liquid separation. The liquid reservoir 22 is located below the corrugated baffles 21. The corrugated baffles 21 are arranged in a staggered pattern. Preferably, the corrugated structure and staggered arrangement of the corrugated baffles 21 can reduce the noise of the exhaust gas, achieving the purpose of noise reduction. The undulations of the corrugated structure on the corrugated baffles 21 will impede, reflect, and scatter sound waves or airflow, thus the corrugated baffles 21 can play a certain role in noise reduction. Simultaneously, the internal baffles can also be made of sound-absorbing materials to further enhance the noise reduction effect.

[0036] In one embodiment, the air inlet 1 is provided with a spiral guide vane 11. The spiral guide vane 11 guides the exhaust gas from the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle into the gas-liquid separation mechanism 2. During operation, the exhaust gas undergoes gas-liquid separation through the spiral guide vane 11 and the staggered corrugated baffles 21. The exhaust gas, mixed with water vapor and hydrogen, is propelled by the spiral guide vane 11 towards the corrugated baffles 21. The water vapor is trapped on the surface of the corrugated baffles 21, and the surface water flows into the liquid reservoir 22 under the action of gravity. The hydrogen enters the normal exhaust pipeline 32 or the hydrogen removal exhaust pipeline 33 through the control valve 31, and is heated and released by the heater 34.

[0037] In one embodiment, the control valve 31 includes a photosensitive sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor. The photosensitive sensor detects light intensity, and the hydrogen concentration sensor detects hydrogen concentration. The control valve 31 has a manual switching mode and an automatic switching mode: In manual switching mode, the control valve is manually connected to either the normal tail-out pipeline 32 or the hydrogen elimination tail-out pipeline 33; in automatic switching mode, the photosensitive sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor transmit the signals detected in real time to the control valve 31, and the control valve 31 automatically connects to either the normal tail-out pipeline 32 or the hydrogen elimination tail-out pipeline 33 upon receiving the signals. By automatically switching the tail-out mode with the control valve, the capacity of the hydrogen eliminater is prevented from approaching or reaching saturation in environments requiring hydrogen elimination, thus ensuring efficient hydrogen removal in such conditions.

[0038] In one embodiment, a heater 34 surrounds the hydrogen elimination tailpipe 33. The heater 34 encloses the entire hydrogen elimination tailpipe 33, ensuring uniform heating and ultimately allowing the hydrogen to be completely released.

[0039] In one embodiment, the hydrogen elimination tailpipe 33 has a honeycomb internal structure, and several small hexagonal pipes are laid in the hydrogen elimination tailpipe 33 to enhance the contact area with hydrogen. Preferably, the honeycomb pipe design maximizes the contact area to store more hydrogen, thereby improving the performance of the hydrogen eliminater.

[0040] In one embodiment, the hydrogen exhaust pipeline 33 uses a solid hydrogen storage material. The solid hydrogen storage material is either a graphene interface nanovalve solid material or a titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen storage material.

[0041] Other aspects of the hydrogen exhaust hydrogen removal device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles described in this utility model are found in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device, characterized by, The application relates to a hydrogen exhaust device. The hydrogen exhaust device comprises an air inlet end, a gas-liquid separation mechanism and an air outlet end. The gas-liquid separation mechanism is connected with the air inlet end and the air outlet end. The air outlet end comprises a control valve, a normal exhaust pipeline and a hydrogen exhaust pipeline.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device of claim 1, wherein, The air inlet end is provided with spiral guide vanes.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen elimination device of claim 1, wherein, The gas-liquid separation mechanism comprises a plurality of corrugated baffles and a liquid storage device.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device of claim 3, wherein, The corrugated baffles are arranged in an up-and-down staggered mode.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device of claim 1, wherein, The control valve comprises a light-sensitive sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device of claim 5, wherein, The control valve has a manual switching mode and an automatic switching mode. In the manual switching mode, the control valve is manually connected with the normal exhaust pipeline or the hydrogen exhaust pipeline. In the automatic switching mode, the light-sensitive sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor transmit the signals detected in real time to the control valve, and the control valve is automatically connected with the normal exhaust pipeline or the hydrogen exhaust pipeline after receiving the signals.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen elimination device of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen exhaust pipeline is surrounded by a heater.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen exhaust pipeline is in a honeycomb type, and a plurality of small hexagonal pipelines are arranged in the hydrogen exhaust pipeline.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen elimination device of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen exhaust pipeline adopts a solid-state hydrogen storage material.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle exhaust hydrogen removal device of claim 9, wherein, The solid-state hydrogen storage material is a graphene interface nano valve solid-state material or a titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen storage material.

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