Circuit based on hybrid cascade power supply of POE (Power Over Ethernet) and adapter

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit design, in particular to a circuit based on hybrid cascade power supply of a POE (Power Over Ethernet) and an adapter. Comprising a POE power supply circuit module, a POE detection circuit module, a power supply detection circuit module, an auxiliary driving switch tube circuit module, a cascade power supply output circuit module and a local power supply DC-DC circuit module, wherein the POE power supply circuit module is used for being externally connected with a POE and a secondary power supply input multiplexing interface. According to the utility model, the cascade power supply compatibility is ultrahigh, and the power supply can be supplied by a power adapter or a POE power supply, or the two power supplies can be supplied simultaneously, and one power supply is used as a backup power supply. During multi-machine cascading, cascading of all devices in the space can be achieved only through one conventional network cable, and operation is easy and convenient. The method is suitable for medium and large-scale application scenes and application schemes requiring multi-machine synchronous coordination work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit design technology, specifically to a circuit based on hybrid cascaded power supply of PoE and adapter. Background Technology

[0002] In modern audio equipment applications, such as conference rooms, video conferencing, judicial interrogations, and educational environments, the requirements for sound acquisition are increasingly demanding. To achieve uniform sound pickup across large spaces, multiple microphones often need to work together. Against this backdrop, cascaded power supply technology has emerged, aiming to meet the need for daisy-chaining between devices, simplifying wiring, reducing later maintenance costs, and simplifying on-site installation. Traditional single microphone or array microphone equipment has limitations in large-space sound pickup, making it difficult to achieve uniform sound pickup across the entire area. This makes it unable to meet the demands of current large conference venues for high-quality audio acquisition. The shortcomings of existing technologies include the following:

[0003] 1. Lack of Multi-Machine Cascading Functionality: Most microphone devices on the market lack multi-machine cascading capabilities. In large spaces, the pickup range of a single microphone or a single array of microphones is limited, achieving good pickup only in a localized area near the microphone, failing to provide uniform sound pickup across the entire space. With the increasing prevalence of large conference room layouts and the growing demand for uniform sound pickup across the entire area, this limitation becomes increasingly prominent, severely impacting the comprehensiveness and quality of audio acquisition.

[0004] 2. Complex Wiring and Power Supply: Most solutions on the market currently employ independent power supply and independent audio signal transmission. Distributing microphones evenly throughout the pickup area requires a large number of power and audio cables. This not only leads to complex on-site wiring and increased construction difficulty, increasing costs, but also makes the wiring process prone to errors, making subsequent debugging extremely difficult. Furthermore, the extensive cable layout also complicates long-term maintenance; troubleshooting and repairing problems in the event of a fault are time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0005] 3. Abnormal Sound During Microphone Switching: Existing solutions cannot effectively resolve the sound abnormality issue when switching between microphones. In actual use, when multiple microphones work together and need to switch working states, sound stuttering, distortion, or interruption may occur, severely affecting the continuity and smoothness of audio acquisition and reducing user experience. This problem is particularly prominent in situations with high audio quality requirements, such as judicial interrogations and professional conferences.

[0006] 4. Poor power supply compatibility: Existing microphone equipment lacks flexibility and compatibility in terms of power supply. On the one hand, power supply selection is limited and cannot adapt to various power inputs. Using an incompatible power supply may damage the equipment. On the other hand, it is difficult to be compatible with different power supply methods. For example, PoE power supply and adapter power supply cannot be flexibly switched or used simultaneously. In case of emergencies or different application scenarios, a stable power supply to the equipment cannot be guaranteed.

[0007] 5. Cascading voltage problem: Traditional cascading power supply solutions have the problem of narrow cascading voltage range. When the number of cascaded devices increases, the cascading voltage will drop, which will lead to a reduction in the number of cascaded devices. It is impossible to guarantee a stable number of cascaded devices, which limits the scalability and application scope of the system and makes it difficult to meet the ever-expanding audio acquisition needs. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit based on POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply to solve the problem in the background art where single microphones or array microphone devices have limitations when picking up sound in large spaces, making it difficult to achieve uniform sound pickup across the entire area, and thus failing to meet the current demand for high-quality audio acquisition in large conference venues.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] The circuit based on hybrid cascaded power supply of POE and adapter includes a POE power supply circuit module for external POE and secondary power supply input multiplexing interface, a POE detection circuit module, a power supply detection circuit module, an auxiliary drive switch circuit module, a cascaded power supply output circuit module, and a local power supply DC-DC circuit module.

[0011] The POE detection circuit module includes an Ethernet powered device control chip U2 and external Hot Swap N MOS transistors U1 and U4. The Ethernet powered device control chip U2 integrates an on-chip detection resistor and has built-in undervoltage protection and overheat protection.

[0012] Preferably, the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 includes a 2-pin and a T2P pin. The 2-pin of the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 is used to detect the auxiliary power supply voltage, and the T2P pin of the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 is used to output and display the number of classifications when the PD device interacts with the PSE under the IEEE 802.3bt protocol.

[0013] Preferably, the Ethernet powered device controller chip U2 is compatible with the IEEE 802.3af / at / bt standard and is used to provide detection, classification, marking and surge current limiting functions for powered devices in the Ethernet power supply system.

[0014] Preferably, the POE power supply circuit module has a built-in rectifier circuit, and the POE power supply circuit module adds four inductors L8, L11, L12, and L13 in the bypass. The rectifier circuit adopts a multi-group independently packaged diode circuit design, including diodes D11, D12, D13, and D14.

[0015] Preferably, the auxiliary drive switching transistor circuit module is used to drive HotSwap N MOS transistors U1 and U4 to boost the voltage when the VP voltage is between 12V and 36V.

[0016] Preferably, the cascaded power supply output circuit module includes four inductors L9, L10, L14, and L15 added in the bypass, and a diode D6 for unidirectional output.

[0017] Preferably, the output terminal of the cascaded power supply output circuit module uses a high-power self-resetting fuse F2 for overcurrent protection.

[0018] Preferably, the local power supply DC-DC circuit includes a wide voltage input DC-DC power chip U3, a power adapter input socket J8, and an MCU control circuit.

[0019] Preferably, the DC-DC power chip U3 uses a DC 4.5V to 60V input.

[0020] Preferably, the MCU control circuit is labeled CTL_POWER_EN, which is used to connect to the main control MCU and control the power supply enable state.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. This utility model features extremely high compatibility for cascaded power supply. Power supply options include a power adapter, PoE power, or both simultaneously, with one serving as a backup power source. When cascading multiple devices, only a single standard network cable is needed to connect all devices within the space, making operation simple and convenient. It is suitable for medium to large-scale applications requiring synchronous and coordinated operation of multiple devices.

[0023] 2. This invention avoids the circuit design of drawing voltage from the network transformer when using PoE power supply. It selects a high-power inductor as a bypass power supply, separating the power supply from the Ethernet, ensuring the normal operation of the network transformer, and also accommodating the needs of high-power loads. The detection circuit design distinguishes between PoE power supply and other power supply. When power supply is cascaded, the operating voltage range of the cascade is expanded, no longer limited to a fixed voltage. It also solves the problem of voltage drop when cascading multiple devices, which can reduce the number of cascaded devices and compromise a stable number of cascaded devices. The auxiliary drive MOS switch circuit design provides the voltage required for reliable switching drive under different cascade voltages. It ensures stable cascade operation over a wide range of cascade voltages. The use of a wide-voltage input DC-DC high-performance power chip allows for compatibility with more power supply options, facilitating upgrades and maintenance, and eliminating concerns about incorrect power adapter insertion causing equipment damage. The auxiliary drive boost circuit design activates when non-PoE power supply is detected, providing the voltage required to drive the MOS switch, ensuring the cascade power supply function remains effective under different cascade voltages. Conversely, the circuit will not start if the conditions are not met. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are explained in detail together with the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of the cascaded implementation system of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of the cascaded disc array microphone of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the POE power supply part of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the POE detection circuit of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply detection circuit of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the auxiliary drive switching transistor circuit of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cascaded power supply output circuit of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the local power supply DC-DC circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Circuits based on hybrid cascaded power supply of PoE and adapter, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a PoE power supply circuit module for external PoE and secondary power input multiplexing interfaces, a PoE detection circuit module, a power supply detection circuit module, an auxiliary drive switching transistor circuit module, a cascaded power output circuit module, and a local power supply DC-DC circuit module. The PoE detection circuit module includes an Ethernet powered device control chip U2 and external Hot Swap N MOS transistors U1 and U4. The Ethernet powered device control chip U2 integrates an on-chip detection resistor and has built-in undervoltage and overheat protection. U1 and U4 are external Hot Swap N MOS transistors, reducing power loss and improving system efficiency. This circuit, based on a hybrid cascaded power supply of PoE and adapters, is used to solve the problem of multiple microphone devices or other devices needing to be deployed in one space. It allows all devices in this space to be cascaded together using conventional cables. It simplifies on-site wiring, optimizes wiring schemes, facilitates installation and commissioning, and is easy to maintain, making it highly practical. The equipment has extremely high cascaded power supply compatibility. Power supply options include a power adapter, PoE power supply, or both simultaneously, with one serving as a backup power supply. When cascading multiple devices, only a single standard network cable is needed to connect all devices within the space, making operation simple and convenient. This solution is suitable for medium to large-scale applications requiring synchronized and coordinated operation of multiple devices.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 includes a 2-pin and a T2P pin. Pin 2 of the U2 is used to detect the auxiliary power supply voltage. The T2P pin is used to output and display the number of times the PD device interacts with the PSE under the IEEE 802.3bt protocol. The PoE detection circuit conforms to the IEEE 802.3af, at, and bt standard detection circuit design. U2 is an Ethernet powered device control chip compatible with the IEEE 802.3af / at / bt standard. This chip provides detection, classification, marking, and surge current limiting functions for powered devices in Power over Ethernet (PoE) systems. The chip integrates an on-chip sensing resistor, has built-in undervoltage and overheat protection, and provides a high-level power good signal. Pin 2 can detect the auxiliary power supply voltage; when the rated voltage is reached, priority is given to powering the PD. The T2P pin outputs and displays the number of times the PD device interacts with the PSE under the IEEE 802.3bt protocol.

[0036] Specifically, the Ethernet powered device controller chip U2 is compatible with the IEEE 802.3af / at / bt standard and is used to provide detection, classification, marking and surge current limiting functions for powered devices in Ethernet power supply systems.

[0037] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the PoE power supply module has a built-in rectifier circuit. Four inductors (L8, L11, L12, L13) are added in the bypass circuit. The rectifier circuit uses a multi-group independently packaged diode circuit design, including diodes D11, D12, D13, and D14. To meet the high power requirements of the load (IEEE 802.3bt standard), the current flowing through the circuit will be relatively large. At this time, the network transformer J13 will have significant losses and a high temperature rise. Prolonged operation may lead to device damage and affect normal Ethernet communication. To solve this problem, four high-power inductors (L8, L11, L12, L13) are added in the bypass circuit. Their functions are twofold: First, to provide a circuit path with minimal losses for the high-power load, mitigating the losses of the network transformer and ensuring its long-term stable operation. Second, to ensure that normal Ethernet communication is not affected.

[0038] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, the power supply detection circuit module is used to detect PoE power supply and other power supplies (when the input VP voltage is between 12V and 36V). If PoE power supply is detected, this function will not be activated, and there will be no voltage output for the net logo +VPP; if other power supplies are used, there will be no voltage output for the net logo +VPP.

[0039] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 6 As shown, the auxiliary drive switching transistor circuit module is used to drive the Hot Swap N MOS transistors U1 and U4 to boost the voltage when the VP voltage is between 12V and 36V.

[0040] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 7 As shown, the cascaded power supply output circuit module includes four inductors L9, L10, L14, and L15 added in the bypass circuit, and a diode D6 for unidirectional output. The output terminal of the cascaded power supply output circuit module uses a high-power self-resetting fuse F2 for overcurrent protection. In this cascaded power supply output circuit design, to meet the high-power output requirements of the load, the current flowing through the circuit will be relatively large. At this time, the network transformer J3 will have significant losses and a high temperature rise, which may damage the device and affect normal Ethernet communication over a long period. To solve this problem, four high-power inductors L9, L10, L14, and L15 are added in the bypass circuit. Their functions are twofold: first, to provide a circuit path with minimal losses for the high-power load, releasing the losses of the network transformer and ensuring its long-term normal and stable operation; second, to avoid affecting normal Ethernet communication. The high-power self-resetting fuse F2 at the cascaded output terminal will automatically trip when the output current is too high, mainly for overcurrent protection. The diode D6 mainly prevents external voltage from being input into the device in reverse, achieving the function of unidirectional output only.

[0041] In addition, such as Figure 8As shown, the locally powered DC-DC circuit includes a wide-input DC-DC power chip U3, a power adapter input socket J8, and an MCU control circuit. The DC-DC power chip U3 uses a DC 4.5V to 60V input. The MCU control circuit, labeled CTL_POWER_EN, is used to connect to the main control MCU and flexibly control the power supply's enable state. In this locally powered DC-DC circuit design, U3 is a professional wide-input DC-DC power chip (DC 4.5V to 60V input), a 60V, 5A buck regulator with an integrated high-side MOSFET. According to ISO 7637 standards, this device can withstand load dump pulses up to 65V. Current-mode control provides simple external compensation and flexible component selection. A low-ripple pulse skipping mode reduces the no-load supply current to 146μA. When the enable pin is pulled low, the shutdown current is reduced to 2μA. Undervoltage lockout is internally set to 4.3V, but can be increased using the enable pin. The output voltage startup ramp is internally controlled to provide a controlled startup and eliminate overshoot. A wide switching frequency range allows for optimization of efficiency or external component size. The output current is a limited cycle-by-cycle current. Frequency foldback and thermal shutdown protect internal and external components under overload conditions. J8 is the power adapter input socket, supporting DC 12V to 48V input. Wide voltage input allows for selection of power adapters with different output voltages, providing flexibility. Adding an MCU control circuit (marked CTL_POWER_EN) connects to the main control MCU, allowing for flexible control of the power supply's enable state.

[0042] The working principle of this circuit based on hybrid cascaded power supply of PoE and adapter:

[0043] The U2 Ethernet Powered Device Controller Chip is a IEEE 802.3af / at / bt standard compatible chip for controlling Ethernet powered devices. This chip provides detection, classification, marking, and surge current limiting functions for powered devices in Ethernet power supply systems. The chip integrates an on-chip sensing resistor, incorporates undervoltage and overheat protection, and provides a high-level power good signal. Key features include: a complete power interface compatible with IEEE 802.3af / at / bt powered devices; support for PD devices up to 71.3W; on-chip integrated sensing resistor; external Hot Swap N MOS to reduce power loss and improve system efficiency; support for external power supply input; surge current limiting function with externally configurable current limit. In PoE power supply mode, the circuit design avoids drawing voltage from the network transformer, using a high-power inductor as a bypass power supply to separate the power supply from the Ethernet, ensuring the normal operation of the network transformer and accommodating the needs of high-power loads. The detection circuit design distinguishes between PoE power supply and other power supply methods. When power supply is cascaded, the operating voltage range of the cascade increases, no longer limited to a fixed voltage. This also solves the problem of voltage drop when cascading multiple devices, which can reduce the number of cascaded devices and compromise a stable cascaded capacity. The auxiliary drive MOS switch circuit design provides the necessary voltage for reliable switching across different cascade voltages, ensuring stable cascaded operation over a wide voltage range. The use of a wide-input DC-DC high-performance power supply chip allows for compatibility with more power supply options, facilitating upgrades and maintenance, and eliminating concerns about incorrect power adapter connections causing device damage. The auxiliary drive boost circuit design activates when non-PoE power is detected, providing the necessary voltage to drive the MOS switch, ensuring the cascaded power supply function remains operational under different cascade voltages. Conversely, this circuit does not activate when the voltage is incorrect.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit for power supply based on a hybrid cascade of POE and adapters, characterized in that: The POE power supply circuit module, the POE detection circuit module, the power supply detection circuit module, the auxiliary drive switch tube circuit module, the cascaded power supply output circuit module and the local power supply DC-DC circuit module for the external POE and the secondary supply power input multiplex interface are included. The POE detection circuit module includes an Ethernet powered device control chip U2 and external Hot Swap N MOS tubes U1 and U4, and the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 integrates a detection resistor in the chip, and built-in under-voltage protection and over-temperature protection.

2. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Ethernet powered device control chip U2 includes 2 pins and T2P pins, the 2 pins of the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 are used for detecting the size of the auxiliary power supply voltage, and the T2P pins of the Ethernet powered device control chip U2 are used for outputting the classification number of the PD device when interacting with the PSE in compliance with the IEEE 802.3bt protocol.

3. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Ethernet powered device controller chip U2 is compatible with the IEEE 802.3af / at / bt standard, and is used for providing detection, classification, marking and surge current limiting functions for powered devices in an Ethernet power supply system.

4. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The POE power supply circuit module has a built-in rectifier circuit, and four inductors L8, L11, L12 and L13 are added on the bypass of the POE power supply circuit module, and the rectifier circuit adopts a multi-group independent packaging diode circuit design, including diodes D11, D12, D13 and D14.

5. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary drive switch tube circuit module is used for driving the Hot Swap N MOS tubes U1 and U4 to boost when the VP voltage is 12V to 36V.

6. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cascaded power supply output circuit module includes four inductors L9, L10, L14 and L15 added on the bypass and a diode D6 for unidirectional output.

7. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the cascaded power supply output circuit module adopts a self-resetting fuse F2 which plays a role of over-current protection.

8. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local power supply DC-DC circuit includes a wide voltage input DC-DC power supply chip U3, a power adapter input socket J8 and an MCU control circuit.

9. The power sourcing equipment and adapter hybrid cascade power supply circuit according to claim 8, wherein: The DC-DC power supply chip U3 adopts DC4.5V to 60V input.

10. The circuit for POE and adapter hybrid cascade power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that: The MCU control circuit network tag CTL_POWER_EN is used for connecting a master MCU to control the enable state of the power supply.

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