Combined fire extinguishing system and electrochemical energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium battery fire fighting, and particularly relates to a combined fire extinguishing system and an electrochemical energy storage system, a gas fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected with a pipe network through a pipeline, and a main switch valve I is arranged on the pipeline for connecting the gas fire extinguishing agent storage tank with the pipe network; the pipe network comprises a plurality of longitudinal branch pipes, the length directions of the longitudinal branch pipes are all arranged in the height direction of the space where the pipe network is located, a plurality of first spray heads are arranged on the longitudinal branch pipes, and the second spray heads are arranged in the height direction of the space where the pipe network is located. The first nozzles are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the longitudinal branch pipes where the first nozzles are located. The device is simple in structure and high in use flexibility, long-time continuous cooling and suppression can be carried out, the efficiency and reliability of open fire extinguishing and later suppression are improved, re-combustion and thermal runaway are prevented, and losses and potential safety hazards caused by re-combustion and thermal runaway are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lithium battery fire protection technology, specifically relating to a combined fire extinguishing system and an electrochemical energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of new energy vehicles, electrochemical energy storage and charging / swapping, the application of lithium batteries has become more and more widespread, and the demand and importance of energy storage fire extinguishing systems have been increasing day by day. Among them, the extinguishing medium is the most core and important part of the fire extinguishing system.

[0003] Currently, the fire suppression method used in energy storage battery compartments generally involves installing corresponding pipelines connected to fire extinguishing agent storage tanks. When a lithium battery catches fire inside the battery compartment, the fire extinguishing agent is delivered to the fire location through these pipelines. Due to the characteristics of lithium battery fires—rapid ignition and long burning time—even after initial extinguishing, the internal temperature of the lithium battery remains very high, and internal chemical reactions continue, easily leading to reignition and thermal runaway. Thermal runaway generates large amounts of flammable gases, heat, and oxidizing gases, and in severe cases, can even cause an explosion. Therefore, after initial extinguishing, it is often necessary to continue delivering fire extinguishing agents for suppression. However, current fire suppression methods generally use gaseous fire extinguishing agents, and the storage capacity of these agents in the tanks is limited, making it difficult to guarantee the requirements and reliability of long-term continuous suppression. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a combined fire extinguishing system and electrochemical energy storage system that is highly flexible in use, can perform long-term continuous cooling and suppression, improves the efficiency and reliability of open flame extinguishing and subsequent suppression, prevents reignition and thermal runaway, and reduces losses and safety hazards caused by reignition and thermal runaway.

[0005] This utility model provides a combined fire extinguishing system, including a gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a water pump, and a pipe network. The gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the pipe network through corresponding pipes, and a main switch valve is installed on the pipe connecting the gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank to the pipe network. One end of the water pump is used to connect to a water source, and the other end is connected to the pipe network through a corresponding pipe, and a second main switch valve is installed on the pipe connecting the water pump to the pipe network. The pipe network includes several longitudinal branch pipes, which are spaced apart along the width or length direction of the space in which the pipe network is located, and the length direction of the several longitudinal branch pipes is all along the height direction of the space in which the pipe network is located. Several nozzles are installed on each of the several longitudinal branch pipes, and the nozzles are spaced apart along the length direction of their respective longitudinal branch pipes.

[0006] Furthermore, each of the longitudinal branch pipes is equipped with a branch pipe switch valve at its upper end.

[0007] Furthermore, the pipeline network also includes several transverse branch pipes, which are located at the top of the space where the pipeline network is located. The transverse branch pipes are spaced apart along the width or length of the space where the pipeline network is located, and the length of the transverse branch pipes is also spaced apart along the width or length of the space where the pipeline network is located. Each of the transverse branch pipes is equipped with several nozzles II, which are all positioned downwards and spaced apart along the length of the transverse branch pipe to which they are located.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal branch pipes are divided into two groups, with the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes located on opposite sides of the space where the pipe network is located, and the transverse branch pipes are located between the upper ends of the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes.

[0009] Furthermore, the pipeline network also includes a second branch pipe, where one end of several horizontal branch pipes that supply gaseous fire extinguishing agent or water is connected to the same second branch pipe, and a second branch pipe switch valve is installed on the second branch pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the pipeline network also includes a main pipe and two branch pipes. The gas extinguishing agent storage tank and the water pump are respectively connected to one end of the main pipe through corresponding pipes. The upper end of one set of longitudinal branch pipes is connected to one of the branch pipes, and the upper end of another set of longitudinal branch pipes is connected to the other branch pipe. Both branch pipes and the branch pipe are connected to the main pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the water source can be any one of municipal water supply pipes, outdoor fire hydrants, or water storage tanks.

[0012] Furthermore, the pipeline network has two or more components, the number of gas extinguishing agent storage tanks corresponds to the number of pipeline networks, the water pump is connected to two or more pipeline networks through corresponding pipes, and a proportional valve is installed on the pipes connecting the water pump to each pipeline network.

[0013] This utility model also provides an electrochemical energy storage system, which is equipped with the above-mentioned combined fire extinguishing system.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrochemical energy storage system includes one or more energy storage battery compartments, with a single pipeline network installed within each compartment, and each compartment equipped with a pressure relief window.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that, in the early stage of a fire, gaseous extinguishing agent is supplied to the pipeline network through a gaseous extinguishing agent storage tank. The sprayed gaseous extinguishing agent is used to extinguish open flames. Then, water is supplied to the pipeline network through a water pump. The sprayed fine water mist is used for long-term continuous cooling and suppression, thereby preventing reignition and thermal runaway. This avoids the limited fire extinguishing effect caused by the limited fire extinguishing capacity of a single extinguishing agent and the limited storage capacity of the extinguishing agent storage tank. It can be better applied to scenarios where combustibles are prone to reignition and thermal runaway, reducing losses and safety hazards caused by reignition and thermal runaway.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the structural design of this utility model, several nozzles along the length of the longitudinal branch pipe can spray gaseous fire extinguishing agent or fine water mist along the height of the space where the pipeline is located. Compared with the method of setting nozzles only at the top of the space where the pipeline is located, the gaseous fire extinguishing agent or fine water mist of this utility model can more effectively act directly on the target fire location, improve the fire extinguishing and suppression effect per unit time, and is more suitable for scenarios where combustible materials are stacked inside the space where the pipeline is located, which can improve the efficiency and reliability of open flame extinguishing and subsequent suppression.

[0017] Because it is a combined fire extinguishing system, and gaseous fire extinguishing agents are used first, when the fire is small and the open flame can be extinguished and thermal runaway can be effectively suppressed by gaseous fire extinguishing agents alone, fine water mist can be omitted. Compared with the method of extinguishing and suppressing fires by using only fine water mist, this utility model can reduce the losses caused by directly using fine water mist to extinguish fires in such small fire situations, and has greater flexibility in use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined fire extinguishing system of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single longitudinal branch pipe in the combined fire extinguishing system of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a simplified diagram of the piping of the combined fire extinguishing system of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water circuit distribution of the combined fire extinguishing system of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Gas extinguishing agent storage tank; 2. Water pump; 3. Main switch valve one; 4. Valve box; 5. Main pipe; 6. Branch pipe one; 7. Branch pipe two; 8. Longitudinal branch pipe; 9. Nozzle one; 10. Branch pipe switch valve one; 11. Transverse branch pipe; 12. Nozzle two; 13. Branch pipe switch valve two; 14. Control host; 100. Energy storage battery compartment; 101. Pressure relief window. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1-4As shown, this utility model provides a combined fire extinguishing system, including a gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank 1, a water pump 2, and a pipeline network. The gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank 1 is connected to the pipeline network via a corresponding pipe, supplying gaseous fire extinguishing agent (specifically carbon dioxide) to the network. A main switch valve 3 is installed on the pipe connecting the gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank 1 to the pipeline network, allowing the connection to be opened or closed. One end of the water pump 2 is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to the pipeline network via a corresponding pipe, supplying water to the network. A second main switch valve is installed on the pipe connecting the water pump 2 to the pipeline network, allowing the connection to be opened or closed. The pipeline network is specifically located within a space requiring fire protection. For example, when applied to an electrochemical energy storage system, the pipeline network is located within the energy storage battery compartment 100, which is the space where the pipeline network is located. The same principle applies to other applications. like Figure 1 As shown, the pipeline network includes several longitudinal branch pipes 8, which are spaced apart, specifically along the width or length of the space containing the pipeline network. The length of each longitudinal branch pipe 8 is along the height of the space containing the pipeline network. Each longitudinal branch pipe 8 is equipped with several nozzles 9, which are spaced apart along the length of their respective longitudinal branch pipe 8. The nozzles 9 on the same longitudinal branch pipe 8 can have the same or different orientations, depending on actual needs. When the gaseous extinguishing agent storage tank 1 supplies gaseous extinguishing agent to the target longitudinal branch pipe 8 in the pipeline network, the nozzles 9 on that longitudinal branch pipe 8 spray the gaseous extinguishing agent. When the water pump 2 supplies water to the target longitudinal branch pipe 8 in the pipeline network, the nozzles 9 on that longitudinal branch pipe 8 spray high-pressure fine water mist.

[0024] The combined fire extinguishing system provided by this utility model keeps the main switch valve 2 closed in the early stage of a fire, opens the main switch valve 3, and supplies gaseous fire extinguishing agent into the pipeline network through the gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tank 1. The sprayed gaseous fire extinguishing agent is used to extinguish open flames. Then, the main switch valve 3 is closed and the main switch valve 2 is opened, and water is supplied into the pipeline network through the water pump 2. The sprayed fine water mist is used for long-term continuous cooling and suppression, thereby preventing reignition and thermal runaway. This avoids the limited fire extinguishing effect caused by the limited fire extinguishing capacity of a single fire extinguishing agent and the limited storage capacity of the fire extinguishing agent tank. It can be better applied to scenarios where combustibles are prone to reignition and thermal runaway, reducing losses and safety hazards caused by reignition and thermal runaway. Furthermore, based on the structural design of this utility model, several nozzles 9 along the length of the longitudinal branch pipe 8 can spray gaseous fire extinguishing agent or fine water mist along the height of the space where the pipeline is located. Compared with the method of setting nozzles only at the top of the space where the pipeline is located, the gaseous fire extinguishing agent or fine water mist of this utility model can more effectively act directly on the target fire location, improve the fire extinguishing and suppression effect per unit time, and is more suitable for scenarios where combustible materials are stacked inside the space where the pipeline is located, including but not limited to the energy storage battery compartment 100, which can improve the efficiency and reliability of open flame extinguishing and subsequent suppression.

[0025] Because it is a combined fire extinguishing system, and gaseous fire extinguishing agents are used first, when the fire is small and the open flame can be extinguished and thermal runaway can be effectively suppressed by gaseous fire extinguishing agents alone, fine water mist can be omitted. Compared with the method of extinguishing and suppressing fires by using only fine water mist, this utility model can reduce the losses caused by directly using fine water mist to extinguish fires in such small fire situations, and has greater flexibility in use.

[0026] Each of the longitudinal branch pipes 8 is equipped with a branch pipe switch valve 10 at its upper end. Opening or closing the branch pipe switch valve 10 allows the corresponding longitudinal branch pipe 8 to be opened or closed. Based on this design, personnel can selectively open the branch pipe switch valve 10 on the appropriate longitudinal branch pipe 8 during fire suppression and control, thereby allowing several nozzles 9 on the opened longitudinal branch pipe 8 to output gaseous extinguishing agent or fine water mist, improving the flexibility of the fire suppression system. For example, it allows the gaseous extinguishing agent and fine water mist to be sprayed more concentratedly along the nozzles 9 on the longitudinal branch pipe 8 near the fire area, enabling the gaseous extinguishing agent to act more effectively on the fire area, improving its extinguishing effect on open flames, and reducing losses caused by spraying fine water mist on non-fire points, especially those far from the fire area.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the pipeline network also includes several horizontal branch pipes 11. These horizontal branch pipes 11 are located at the top of the space containing the pipeline network, and are located in several locations. When the space containing the pipeline network is an energy storage battery compartment 100, the horizontal branch pipes 11 are located at the top inside the energy storage battery compartment 100. The horizontal branch pipes 11 are spaced apart along the width or length direction of the space containing the pipeline network, and the length direction of the horizontal branch pipes 11 is also spaced apart along the width or length direction of the space containing the pipeline network. Each of the horizontal branch pipes 11 is equipped with several nozzles 12, which are all downward-facing and spaced apart along the length direction of the horizontal branch pipe 11 to which they are located. When the gaseous extinguishing agent storage tank 1 supplies gaseous extinguishing agent to the target transverse branch pipe 11 in the pipeline network, several nozzles 12 on the transverse branch pipe 11 spray the gaseous extinguishing agent. When the water pump 2 supplies water to the target transverse branch pipe 11 in the pipeline network, several nozzles 12 on the transverse branch pipe 11 spray high-pressure fine water mist. Based on this configuration, gaseous extinguishing agent or fine water mist can be sprayed from top to bottom for fire extinguishing and suppression, meeting the corresponding fire extinguishing and suppression requirements.

[0028] Preferably, the longitudinal branch pipes 8 are divided into two groups, with the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes 8 located on opposite sides of the space where the pipeline network is located. For example, when the pipeline network is located inside the battery storage compartment, the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes 8 are arranged on opposite side walls inside the battery storage compartment. The transverse branch pipes 11 are located between the upper ends of the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes 8, resulting in a more reasonable positional distribution, allowing the sprayed gaseous fire extinguishing agent or fine water mist to effectively act between the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes 8.

[0029] The pipeline network also includes a second branch pipe 7, with one end of several horizontal branch pipes 11 for gaseous extinguishing agent or water flow connected to the same second branch pipe 7. A branch pipe switching valve 2 13 is installed on the second branch pipe 7. Based on this configuration, by opening or closing the branch pipe switching valve 2 13, when it is not necessary to output gaseous extinguishing agent or fine water mist through the several horizontal branch pipes 11, the branch pipe switching valve 2 13 can be closed to shut down the several horizontal branch pipes 11; when it is necessary to use the several horizontal branch pipes 11, the branch pipe switching valve 2 13 can be opened to allow the several horizontal branch pipes 11 to flow. This improves the flexibility of use and meets the needs of different fire situations.

[0030] In this invention, the pipeline network further includes a main pipe 5 and two branch pipes 6. The gas extinguishing agent storage tank 1 and the water pump 2 are connected to one end of the main pipe 5 via corresponding pipes. The upper end of one set of longitudinal branch pipes 8 is connected to one of the branch pipes 6, and the upper end of another set of longitudinal branch pipes 8 is connected to the other branch pipe 6. Both branch pipes 6 and the branch pipe 7 are connected to the main pipe 5. The end of the main pipe 5 used to connect the gas extinguishing agent storage tank 1 and the water pump 2 extends to the outside of the space where the pipeline network is located. The gas extinguishing agent storage tank 1, the water pump 2, and the control host 14 are all located outside the space where the pipeline network is located.

[0031] In this invention, the water source can be any one of a municipal water supply pipe, an outdoor fire hydrant, or a water storage tank. Compared to water storage tanks, this method can supply a larger volume of water, better meeting the needs for long-term suppression. Appropriate filters can be installed at the outlet of the municipal water supply pipe, outdoor fire hydrant, or water storage tank to filter impurities from the water.

[0032] In some application scenarios, there are two or more spaces requiring fire protection; for example, most electrochemical energy storage systems have two or more energy storage battery compartments 100. In the corresponding embodiment of this utility model, the pipeline network has two or more sections, with each pipeline network arranged in a single space. The number of gaseous fire extinguishing agent storage tanks 1 corresponds to the number of pipeline networks. Since the water supply in this utility model is large, it is not necessary to have an independent water source and pump 2 for each pipeline network. Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the water pump 2 is connected to two or more pipe networks through corresponding pipes, and each pipe connecting the water pump 2 to each pipe network is equipped with a proportional valve. By adjusting the opening of the proportional valve on the pipe between the corresponding pipe network and the water pump 2, the maximum water flow rate input to the pipe network and the ratio of water flow rate to other pipe networks can be adjusted.

[0033] Among them, the water pump 2 is connected to each pipe network with a valve box 4. The main switch valve and the proportional valve on the pipe connected to the water pump 2 and a single pipe network are both located in the valve box 4 on the pipe.

[0034] This utility model also includes a control host 14. The aforementioned main switch valve 3, main switch valve 2, branch switch valve 10, branch switch valve 2 13, proportional valve, and water pump 2 are all electrically connected to the control host 14, and personnel can perform corresponding control operations through the control host 14.

[0035] This invention also provides an electrochemical energy storage system equipped with the aforementioned combined fire extinguishing system. Due to the inclusion of this combined fire extinguishing system, after the open flame is extinguished, it can continue to cool and suppress the fire for an extended period, effectively preventing reignition and thermal runaway, and reducing losses and safety hazards caused by reignition and thermal runaway. Furthermore, the gaseous extinguishing agent or fine water mist can more effectively act directly on the target fire location, improving the fire extinguishing and suppression effect per unit time, and enhancing the efficiency and reliability of open flame extinguishing and subsequent suppression. When the fire is small and can be extinguished and thermal runaway effectively suppressed solely by a gaseous extinguishing agent, fine water mist can be omitted. Compared to using only fine water mist for fire extinguishing and suppression, this invention reduces the losses caused by directly using fine water mist for small fires, offering greater flexibility in its application.

[0036] The electrochemical energy storage system includes one or more energy storage battery compartments 100, such as Figure 4As shown, a single pipeline network is installed within a single energy storage battery compartment 100. Within this network, two sets of longitudinal branch pipes 8 are arranged on opposite side walls inside the battery compartment 100. Several transverse branch pipes 11 are arranged at the top inside the battery compartment 100. The main pipe 5, connecting the gas extinguishing agent tank 1 and the water pump 2, extends to the outside of the battery compartment 100. The gas extinguishing agent tank 1, water pump 2, and control unit 14 are all located outside the battery compartment 100. Each battery compartment 100 is equipped with a pressure relief window 101, which is opened during or after gas extinguishing to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery compartment 100, preventing deformation due to excessive internal pressure.

[0037] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of this application is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0038] One or more embodiments in this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A combined fire extinguishing system, characterized in that, The system includes a gas extinguishing agent storage tank (1), a water pump (2), and a pipeline network. The gas extinguishing agent storage tank (1) is connected to the pipeline network through a corresponding pipe, and a main switch valve (3) is installed on the pipe connecting the gas extinguishing agent storage tank (1) to the pipeline network. One end of the water pump (2) is used to connect to a water source, and the other end is connected to the pipeline network through a corresponding pipe, and a main switch valve (2) is installed on the pipe connecting the water pump (2) to the pipeline network. The pipeline network includes several longitudinal branch pipes (8), which are spaced apart along the width or length direction of the space where the pipeline network is located. The length direction of the several longitudinal branch pipes (8) is set along the height direction of the space where the pipeline network is located. Several nozzles (9) are installed on each of the several longitudinal branch pipes (8), and the nozzles (9) are spaced apart along the length direction of their respective longitudinal branch pipes (8).

2. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the longitudinal branch pipes (8) is equipped with a branch pipe switch valve (10) at its upper end.

3. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pipeline network also includes several horizontal branch pipes (11), which are located at the top of the space where the pipeline network is located. The horizontal branch pipes (11) are spaced apart along the width or length of the space where the pipeline network is located, and the length of the horizontal branch pipes (11) is spaced apart along the width or length of the space where the pipeline network is located. Several nozzles (12) are provided on each of the horizontal branch pipes (11), and the nozzles (12) are all set downwards and spaced apart along the length of the horizontal branch pipe (11) where they are located.

4. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The longitudinal branch pipes (8) are divided into two groups, and the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes (8) are located on opposite sides of the space where the pipe network is located. The transverse branch pipes (11) are located between the upper ends of the two groups of longitudinal branch pipes (8).

5. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pipeline network also includes a second branch pipe (7), and one end of several horizontal branch pipes (11) for gaseous fire extinguishing agent or water to flow into is connected to the same second branch pipe (7). The second branch pipe (7) is equipped with a branch pipe switch valve (13).

6. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The pipeline network also includes a main pipe (5) and two branch pipes (6). The gas extinguishing agent storage tank (1) and the water pump (2) are connected to one end of the main pipe (5) through corresponding pipes. The upper end of one set of longitudinal branch pipes (8) is connected to one of the branch pipes (6), and the upper end of another set of longitudinal branch pipes (8) is connected to another branch pipe (6). The two branch pipes (6) and the branch pipe (7) are all connected to the main pipe (5).

7. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 4-6, characterized in that, The water source can be any one of the following: municipal water supply pipes, outdoor fire hydrants, or water storage tanks.

8. The combined fire extinguishing system as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 4-6, characterized in that, The pipeline network has two or more, the number of gas extinguishing agent storage tanks (1) corresponds to the number of pipelines, the water pump (2) is connected to two or more pipelines through corresponding pipes, and each pipe connecting the water pump (2) to each pipeline network is equipped with a proportional valve.

9. An electrochemical energy storage system, characterized in that, The system is equipped with a combined fire extinguishing system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The electrochemical energy storage system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The electrochemical energy storage system includes one or more energy storage battery compartments (100), with a single pipeline network set in a single energy storage battery compartment (100), and each energy storage battery compartment (100) is equipped with a pressure relief window (101).

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