Valve control type grading-preventing and crushing-reducing grain feeding device
By combining a valve-controlled anti-grading device and a wall-mounted folding plate assembly, and using a fan to discharge heat and water vapor, the problems of high breakage rate and condensation caused by grain surface height difference are solved, realizing grain surface height difference control and automated management, and improving the safety and efficiency of grain storage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520419239.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing grain storage process suffers from problems such as high breakage rate due to grain surface height difference, poor ventilation and heat dissipation due to condensation in the attached folding plate structure, and the inability to effectively control grain surface height difference in the initial stage, which poses a safety hazard.
The system combines a valve-controlled anti-grading device with a wall-mounted baffle assembly. By adjusting the main valve and control valve, the grain surface height difference is controlled, and a fan is installed in the wall-mounted baffle assembly to discharge heat and water vapor. Automatic control and ventilation are achieved by combining radar level gauges and temperature sensors.
It effectively reduces the height difference between grain surfaces, lowers the breakage rate, prevents condensation, ensures grain quality and stable operation of the equipment, and improves safety and automation control levels.
Smart Images
Figure CN223779515U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of grain storage equipment, and in particular relates to a valve-controlled grain feeding device that prevents grading and reduces breakage. Background Technology
[0002] In the process of grain loading into shallow round silos, anti-segregation and breakage reduction devices are generally used to ensure grain safety and quality and reduce the workload of leveling. Many of the anti-segregation and breakage reduction devices used in existing projects are either wall-mounted folding plates or valve-controlled anti-segregation spreading devices. Both can achieve the grain loading function, but they have their own advantages and disadvantages. Wall-mounted folding plate devices play a significant role in reducing breakage during the initial loading stage, and their simple structure makes them easy to manufacture and install, with low cost. Valve-controlled anti-segregation devices play a significant role in preventing segregation, preventing grain misalignment, and reducing the workload of leveling, but their structure and control are more complex, and their cost is higher. In the initial stage of grain loading, the height difference between the outlet of the valve-controlled anti-segregation device and the bottom of the silo is relatively large. Under the influence of gravity, the grain falls at a high speed and impacts the ground, which may cause breakage. The increased breakage rate necessitates manual grain spreading during the initial feeding stage, a drawback of valve-controlled anti-segregation systems. As the grain level at the bottom of the silo increases, the height difference decreases, and the bottom grain acts as a buffer, the breakage rate gradually decreases until it returns to a normal range. Furthermore, during feeding, the main valve or control valves on each chute branch can be adjusted based on the height difference of the grain level within the silo to minimize this difference, reducing uneven distribution and ensuring a consistent grain level across all points. This is a significant advantage of multi-functional anti-segregation systems. However, due to their multiple functions and high degree of automation, their structure and control are relatively complex. In contrast, the structure of the wall-mounted baffle plate system is simpler. Its entire grain chute is equipped with multi-stage S-shaped speed reduction devices to maximize the grain's descent path and maintain a relatively low speed, thus reducing the breakage rate. Therefore, in the initial feeding stage, the wall-mounted baffle plate system plays a more significant role in reducing breakage. However, during the entire grain feeding stage, due to the limited number of unloading points (typically only two sets per silo for symmetrical feeding), it's impossible to effectively control the grain surface in real time, and the significant difference in grain surface elevation poses a safety hazard. At the end of the feeding process, manual leveling is used, which is inefficient and exposes workers to excessive dust, impacting their health. Therefore, alternative methods are needed to address these issues, and valve-controlled anti-grading devices are an excellent choice.
[0003] After grain is stored in the warehouse, its temperature gradually rises over time due to a combination of factors, including the increase in external ambient temperature, heat transfer, the completely sealed environment inside the warehouse, and the respiration of the grain. This is particularly noticeable in summer. When the temperature inside the warehouse is high, natural or mechanical ventilation can be used. However, when the ambient temperature is high, natural and mechanical ventilation are no longer used. Instead, a grain-specific air conditioner is required to cool the grain. This is because the presence of the attached wall-mounted folding plate structure increases ventilation resistance and reduces cooling efficiency when using natural or mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, the steel structure of the attached folding plate, along with the concrete structure of the warehouse walls and the grain, has different specific heats and therefore different rates of heating and cooling. This temperature difference easily leads to condensation, especially in summer when a grain-specific air conditioner is used for rapid cooling. Once condensation forms, it can cause mold growth and adhere to the walls over time, hindering the unloading of grain and affecting the loading of delivery vehicles. Manual cleaning is also required. If the condensation forms an arch on the warehouse roof, manual cleaning poses a significant safety hazard.
[0004] To address these issues, we provide a valve-controlled grain feeding device that prevents graded crushing and reduces breakage. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a valve-controlled anti-grading and anti-breakage grain feeding device. By combining the valve-controlled anti-grading device and the attached wall folding plate assembly, it solves the problems of grain grading and breakage, grain surface height difference during the feeding process, and condensation, poor ventilation and heat dissipation of the attached wall folding plate structure that cause arching and hanging on the wall in the prior art.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.
[0007] This utility model relates to a valve-controlled anti-grading and anti-breakage grain feeding device, comprising a silo body. A feed inlet is located at the top of the silo body. A main feed pipe is connected to the top of the silo body's inner cavity, below the feed inlet. A valve-controlled anti-grading device is fixedly connected to the surface of the main feed pipe. Wall-mounted baffle assemblies are fixedly connected to both sides of the silo body. The valve-controlled anti-grading device includes six discharge pipes. One side of each discharge pipe is connected to the main feed pipe, and another side is connected to a near-end discharge pipe. A middle discharge pipe is connected to one side of each middle discharge pipe, and a far-end discharge pipe is connected to one side of each far-end discharge pipe. A long chute is provided on one side of each far-end discharge pipe, extending to the inner cavity of the wall-mounted baffle assembly. The wall-mounted baffle assembly includes a steel frame. Two S-shaped chutes are provided within the inner cavity of the steel frame, respectively located on both sides of the inner wall of the silo body. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the steel frame. A ventilation duct is connected to the side, and a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the ventilation duct. A fan is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting frame. At the bottom of the feeding pipe, a near-end discharge pipe, a middle discharge pipe, and a far-end discharge pipe are connected in sequence, and corresponding control valves are set to control the discharge position. During the grain feeding process, the main valve and the control valves on the branch lines can be adjusted according to the height difference of the grain surface in the silo to ensure that the height difference of the grain surface and the grain pile is within a small range, reduce the phenomenon of uneven storage, and make the grain surface at each point basically consistent. Since the attached wall folding plate assembly adopts a steel structure system, its specific heat is inconsistent with the concrete structure of the silo wall and the grain, resulting in differences in the heating and cooling rates. The existence of temperature difference can easily form condensation. By setting up a fan, it can be ensured that the heat and water vapor inside and around the attached wall folding plate assembly can be effectively discharged to the outside. When ventilation and grain-specific air conditioning are used to cool the grain surface, the fan needs to be turned on to ensure air circulation around the grain, which can effectively reduce the temperature and avoid the generation of water vapor.
[0008] The present invention is further provided that a dust cover is fixedly connected to one side of the ventilation pipe. The dust cover is made of stainless steel. The dust cover is set on one side of the ventilation pipe, which can effectively prevent grain from entering the ventilation system through the dust cover, ensuring the safety of the fan during operation and ensuring the ventilation and heat dissipation effect.
[0009] This invention is further configured such that a radar level sensor is installed inside the silo, and temperature and humidity sensors are installed on the inner walls of the silo. The radar level sensor is installed on the top of the silo and detects the grain level height inside the silo by emitting and receiving radar waves. The radar level sensor is connected to the control unit and transmits the detected level data to the control unit in real time, thereby automatically opening the control valves connecting the near-end discharge pipe, the middle discharge pipe, and the far-end discharge pipe. The use of the radar level sensor can effectively identify the height difference of the grain surface, providing effective information to the equipment control system and central control personnel. The programmable PLC control system can effectively operate and control the entire equipment, and can be automated or manually operated, with strong selectivity and adaptability.
[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a control valve is provided at the bottom of the near-end discharge pipe, the middle discharge pipe and the far-end discharge pipe, and a main valve is provided inside the discharge pipe. The control valve and the main valve are used to control the closure of the pipe, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic control of the discharge, ensuring that the height difference between the grain surface and the grain pile is within a small range and reducing the phenomenon of uneven storage.
[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the top of the near-end discharge pipe, the middle discharge pipe and the far-end discharge pipe are all fixedly connected with a hanging rod. The top of the hanging rod is fixedly connected to the hopper body, the bottom of the hanging rod is connected to the near-end discharge pipe, the middle discharge pipe and the far-end discharge pipe respectively, and the top is connected to the hopper body, which can ensure the stability of the installation of the near-end discharge pipe, the middle discharge pipe and the far-end discharge pipe.
[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the number of hangers is three sets, and each set has two hangers. A connecting frame is fixedly connected between the two hangers. The connecting frame between the hangers can ensure the stability of the hangers. Using two hangers to form a set can ensure the stability of the pipeline installation.
[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the top of the ventilation pipe penetrates the inner cavity of the chamber and extends to the outside of the chamber, and a dust cover is provided on the top of the ventilation pipe to protect the ventilation pipe and prevent external impurities from entering the interior of the ventilation pipe.
[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the top of the S-shaped chute is connected to the bottom of the long chute, and there are two long chutes corresponding to the S-shaped chute. The long chute and the S-shaped chute are respectively set on both sides of the silo body, which can quickly transport the grain into the interior of the wall-mounted folding plate assembly for unloading.
[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.
[0016] 1. This utility model utilizes a valve-controlled anti-grading device and a wall-mounted folding plate assembly. The main structure of the wall-mounted folding plate consists of a steel frame and an S-shaped chute. The S-shaped chute is fixed to the steel frame, which in turn is fixed to the silo wall, ensuring overall stability. After connecting the two long chutes of the valve-controlled anti-grading device with the S-shaped chute of the wall-mounted folding plate, automatic grain spreading at the silo bottom can be achieved. The wall-mounted folding plate has a simple structure, is easy to construct and maintain. This combined structure meets practical needs. During the grain feeding process, the main valve or the control valves on each chute branch can be adjusted according to the height difference of the grain surface in the silo to keep the height difference of the grain surface and grain pile within a small range, reducing silo imbalance and ensuring that the grain surface at each point is basically consistent.
[0017] 2. This utility model installs a fan inside a ventilation duct. When the fan is started, it discharges the hot air and water vapor inside the device to the outside of the storage chamber through the ventilation duct. This effectively removes heat and water vapor from inside and around the wall-mounted folding plate assembly, ensuring that the device is in a suitable temperature and humidity environment. This avoids the impact of temperature and humidity issues on grain quality and device performance, further ensuring the storage quality of the grain and the stable operation of the device, and extending the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a valve-controlled grain feeding device that prevents graded crushing.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the silo in a valve-controlled grain feeding device that prevents graded crushing.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the silo body in a valve-controlled grain feeding device designed to prevent graded crushing.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view of a valve-controlled anti-grading device in a valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing grading and crushing.
[0023] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the near-end discharge pipe and its connection structure in a valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing.
[0024] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the boom and its connecting structure in a valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing.
[0025] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the exhaust pipe and its connection structure in a valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing.
[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the blower in a valve-controlled grain feeding device that prevents crushing during grading.
[0027] In the attached diagram: 1. Bin body; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Main feed pipe; 4. Valve-controlled anti-grading device; 401. Discharge pipe; 402. Near-end discharge pipe; 403. Intermediate discharge pipe; 404. Far-end discharge pipe; 405. Long chute; 5. Wall-mounted folding plate assembly; 501. Steel frame; 502. S-shaped chute; 503. Exhaust pipe; 504. Ventilation pipe; 505. Mounting frame; 506. Fan; 6. Dust cover; 7. Hanging rod; 8. Connecting frame. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] Please see Figure 1-8 This utility model relates to a valve-controlled anti-grading and anti-crushing grain feeding device, comprising a bin body 1, with a feed inlet 2 at the top of the bin body 1, a feed main pipe 3 connected to the top of the inner cavity of the bin body 1 and below the feed inlet 2, a valve-controlled anti-grading device 4 fixedly connected to the surface of the feed main pipe 3, and wall-mounted baffle assemblies 5 fixedly connected to both sides inside the bin body 1. The valve-controlled anti-grading device 4 includes six discharge pipes 401, one side of which is connected to the feed main pipe 3, one side of which is connected to a near-end discharge pipe 402, and one side of the near-end discharge pipe 402 is connected to a middle discharge pipe 403. One side of the intermediate discharge pipe 403 is connected to the distal discharge pipe 404. A long chute 405 is provided on one side of the distal discharge pipe 404. One side of the long chute 405 extends to the inner cavity of the wall-mounted folding plate assembly 5. The wall-mounted folding plate assembly 5 includes a steel frame 501. An S-shaped chute 502 is provided in the inner cavity of the steel frame 501. There are two steel frames 501, which are respectively provided on both sides of the inner wall of the silo 1. An exhaust pipe 503 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the steel frame 501. A ventilation pipe 504 is connected to one side of the exhaust pipe 503. An installation frame 505 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the ventilation pipe 504. A fan 506 is fixedly connected to one side of the installation frame 505.
[0031] Specifically: At the bottom of the feeding pipe 401, a near-end discharge pipe 402, a middle discharge pipe 403, and a far-end discharge pipe 404 are connected in sequence, and corresponding control valves are set to control the discharge position. During the grain feeding process, the main valve and control valve can be adjusted according to the height difference of the grain surface in the silo to ensure that the height difference of the grain surface and grain pile is within a small range, reduce the phenomenon of uneven storage, and make the grain surface at each point basically consistent. Since the attached wall folding plate assembly 5 adopts a steel structure system, its specific heat is inconsistent with the concrete structure of the silo wall and the grain, resulting in differences in the heating and cooling rates. The existence of temperature difference is prone to condensation. By setting up a fan 506, it can be ensured that the heat and water vapor inside and around the attached wall folding plate assembly 5 can be effectively discharged to the outside. When ventilation and grain-specific air conditioning are used to cool the grain surface, the fan 506 needs to be turned on to ensure air circulation around the grain, which can effectively reduce the temperature and avoid the generation of water vapor.
[0032] Example 2
[0033] Please see Figure 1-8 Based on Embodiment 1, a dust cover 6 is fixedly connected to one side of the ventilation pipe 504. The dust cover 6 is made of stainless steel. A radar level sensor is installed inside the silo body 1. Temperature and humidity sensors are installed on the inner walls of the silo body 1. Control valves are installed at the bottom of the near-end discharge pipe 402, the intermediate discharge pipe 403, and the far-end discharge pipe 404. A main valve is installed inside the discharge pipe 401. Each of the three sets of three hanging rods 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the silo body 1. The top of the hanging rods 7 is fixedly connected to the silo body 1. There are two hanging rods 7 in each set. A connecting frame 8 is fixedly connected between the two hanging rods 7. The top of the ventilation pipe 504 passes through the inner cavity of the silo body 1 and extends to the outside of the silo body 1. The top of the ventilation pipe 504 is equipped with a dust cover. The top of the S-shaped chute 502 is connected to the bottom of the long chute 405. There are two long chute 405, corresponding to the S-shaped chute 502.
[0034] Specifically: Dust cover 6 is installed on one side of ventilation duct 504, effectively preventing grain from entering the ventilation system through the dust cover 6, ensuring the safety of the fan 506 during operation, and ensuring ventilation and heat dissipation. A radar level sensor is installed on the top of the silo body 1, detecting the grain level height inside the silo by emitting and receiving radar waves. The radar level sensor is connected to the control unit, transmitting the detected level data to the control unit in real time, and automatically opening the control valves connecting the near-end discharge pipe 402, the intermediate discharge pipe 403, and the far-end discharge pipe 404. The use of the radar level sensor can effectively identify the height difference of the grain surface, providing effective information to the equipment's control system and central control personnel. The programmable PLC control system can effectively operate and control the entire equipment, offering both automatic and manual operation with strong selectivity and adaptability. The main valve and the main valve are used to control the closure of the pipeline to achieve automatic control of the feeding, ensuring that the height difference between the grain surface and the grain pile is within a small range and reducing the phenomenon of uneven storage. The bottom of the lifting rod 7 is connected to the near-end discharge pipe 402, the middle discharge pipe 403 and the far-end discharge pipe 404 respectively, and the top is connected to the silo body 1, which can ensure the stability of the installation of the near-end discharge pipe 402, the middle discharge pipe 403 and the far-end discharge pipe 404. The connecting frame 8 set between the lifting rods 7 can ensure the stability of the lifting rod 7. Using two lifting rods 7 to form a group can ensure the stability of the pipeline installation. The dust cover protects the ventilation pipe 504 to prevent external impurities from entering the interior of the ventilation pipe 504. The long chute 405 corresponds to the S-shaped chute 502 and is set on both sides of the silo body 1, which can quickly transport the grain to the interior of the attached wall folding plate assembly 5 for feeding.
[0035] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: First, the two long chutes 405 of the valve-controlled anti-grading device 4 are connected to the S-shaped chutes 502 of the wall-mounted folding plate assembly 5. When grain feeding begins, the main valve is opened, and the near-end discharge pipe 402, the middle discharge pipe 403, and the far-end discharge pipe 404 are closed. Grain enters the long chutes 405 through the discharge pipe 401, then enters the S-shaped chutes 502, and finally flows to the bottom of the silo 1. As the height of the grain pile at the discharge outlets on both sides of the silo increases, the radar level sensor detects the height of the material level in real time. When the material level reaches the set value, the valve-controlled anti-grading device 4 starts to work, sequentially discharging grain through the six far-end discharge pipes 404. This process forms a small cycle, followed by sequentially discharging grain from the six intermediate discharge pipes 403, forming another small cycle. Finally, the near-end discharge pipe 402 discharges grain, forming yet another small cycle. Once the far-end, intermediate, and near-end cycles are completed, a large cycle is formed. The grain discharging time can be set as needed. This large cycle is repeated continuously, creating a uniformly sized grain pile within the storage silo. The grain level in each part is basically the same. When the high material level is reached, the valve-controlled anti-grading device 4 receives a signal from the radar level sensor. At this point, the anti-grading device stops working, and the central control personnel can choose to operate manually according to the actual grain level. Finally, the silo is leveled manually, and the grain feeding process ends.
[0036] After the grain has been stored for a certain period of time, based on the data returned by the temperature and humidity sensors, it is necessary to open the natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation. At this time, the fan 506 equipped with the wall-mounted folding plate assembly 5 will also be turned on to ventilate, promote air circulation of the grain inside and outside the wall-mounted folding plate assembly 5, and maintain a basically uniform temperature. In summer, when the temperature is high and it is necessary to use a grain-specific air conditioner to cool down, the fan 506 of the wall-mounted folding plate assembly 5 will be turned on or off in a timely manner to ensure that the water vapor around the steel structure and the S-shaped chute 502 enters the exhaust pipe 503 under the negative pressure of the fan 506 and can be quickly discharged outside the warehouse. At the same time, it also promotes the evaporation of water vapor around the steel structure and avoids the formation of condensate.
[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present utility model to specific implementation methods. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present utility model, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present utility model.
Claims
1. A valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing, comprising a silo body (1), characterized in that: The top of the silo body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2), and the top of the inner cavity of the silo body (1) and below the feed inlet (2) is connected to a feed pipe (3). A valve-controlled anti-grading device (4) is fixedly connected to the surface of the feed pipe (3), and wall-mounted folding plate assemblies (5) are fixedly connected to both sides inside the silo body (1). The valve-controlled anti-grading device (4) includes a feeding pipe (401), the number of which is six. One side of the feeding pipe (401) is connected to the feed main pipe (3), one side of the feeding pipe (401) is connected to the near end discharge pipe (402), one side of the near end discharge pipe (402) is connected to the middle discharge pipe (403), one side of the middle discharge pipe (403) is connected to the far end discharge pipe (404), and one side of the far end discharge pipe (404) is provided with a long chute (405), one side of the long chute (405) extends to the inner cavity of the attached wall folding plate assembly (5). The attached wall folding plate assembly (5) includes a steel frame (501), the inner cavity of the steel frame (501) is provided with an S-shaped chute (502), there are two steel frames (501), and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the silo (1). An exhaust pipe (503) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the steel frame (501), and a ventilation pipe (504) is connected to one side of the exhaust pipe (503). An installation frame (505) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the ventilation pipe (504), and a fan (506) is fixedly connected to one side of the installation frame (505).
2. The valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust cover (6) is fixedly connected to one side of the ventilation pipe (504), and the dust cover (6) is made of stainless steel.
3. The valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo (1) is equipped with a radar level sensor inside, and the inner wall of the silo (1) is equipped with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.
4. The valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the near-end discharge pipe (402), the middle discharge pipe (403) and the far-end discharge pipe (404) are all equipped with control valves, and the inside of the discharge pipe (401) is equipped with a main valve.
5. The valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the near-end discharge pipe (402), the middle discharge pipe (403) and the far-end discharge pipe (404) are all fixedly connected with a hanging rod (7), and the top of the hanging rod (7) is fixedly connected to the silo body (1).
6. A valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the booms (7) is three sets, and the number of booms (7) in each set is two, with a connecting frame (8) fixedly connected between the two booms (7).
7. A valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the ventilation pipe (504) penetrates the inner cavity of the chamber (1) and extends to the outside of the chamber (1), and a dust cover is provided on the top of the ventilation pipe (504).
8. A valve-controlled grain feeding device for preventing graded crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the S-shaped chute (502) is connected to the bottom of the long chute (405), and there are two long chute (405) corresponding to the S-shaped chute (502).