Composite filtering device for purifying farmland drainage

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite filtering device for purifying farmland drainage. The device comprises a frame, a suspension fixing hole, a hook, a hanging piece and a composite filler filtering bag, the frame is a plate; hanging fixing holes are formed in the upper part of the frame; a plurality of hooks are fixedly arranged on the frame; the composite filler filter bag is hung on the hook through the hanging piece; a biomass filler layer, a modified fiber filter ball layer, a zeolite filler layer and a ceramsite filler layer are sequentially arranged in the composite filler filter bag from top to bottom. According to the composite filler filter bag disclosed by the utility model, the proportion of each filler layer can be flexibly set according to the characteristics of farmland drainage, and toxic pollutants such as pesticides, antibiotics and the like, nitrogen, phosphorus, pathogenic bacteria and the like in the farmland drainage can be effectively removed through the cooperation among the layers; in the use process, the composite filler filter bag is easy to place, replace, update and maintain, is simple to use and operate, and can be conveniently used for enhancing the farmland drainage purification efficiency of various pond systems.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, specifically relates to a compound filter device of purifying farmland drainage. BACKGROUND

[0002] Agricultural non-point source pollution is a global governance problem with its dispersion, randomness, uncertainty of discharge, large fluctuation of pollutant concentration, diversity of types, wide pollution range and large quantity, which has a profound impact on the environment and economic and social development. Farmland runoff pollution is one of the main sources of rural non-point source pollution. Therefore, it is particularly important to take effective measures to purify farmland drainage and promote the recycling of agricultural drainage. In view of the problem of farmland drainage pollution, the process interception technology is a suitable governance scheme.

[0003] Ecological pond and ecological ditch technology is one of the strategies that can be adopted in the process interception stage. These ecological interception technologies are widely used due to their low investment cost, low maintenance cost and effective prevention of the spread of farmland runoff pollutants to water bodies. However, they also face problems such as low interception efficiency per unit area and serious sediment pollution accumulation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market for a compound filter device that can take effective measures to strengthen the governance efficiency of ecological ponds and ecological ditches for farmland drainage according to the specific conditions of different regions, has a small occupied area and is easy to operate and manage, thereby meeting the needs of farmland drainage governance and resource utilization and solving the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model discloses a kind of compound filler filter bag that can be used for efficiently purifying farmland drainage, installation management is convenient and filler is replaceable, the compound filler filter bag has the ability to remove simultaneously multiple pollutants in sewage, purification effect is better, filler is easily replaced and can be further recycled, easy to update and maintain, with long-term effective action.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A kind of compound filter device of purifying farmland drainage, the device includes frame 1, suspension fixing hole 2, hook 3, hanging piece 4, compound filler filter bag;

[0008] The frame 1 is set as a plate;

[0009] Suspension fixing hole 2 is provided on the upper portion of the frame 1;

[0010] A plurality of hooks 3 are fixedly arranged on the frame 1;

[0011] The compound filler filter bag is hung on the hook 3 by the hanging piece 4.

[0012] The composite filter bag contains, from top to bottom, a biomass filter layer 6, a modified fiber filter ball layer 7, a zeolite filter layer 8, and a ceramic particle filter layer 9, all of which are currently available products.

[0013] Furthermore, the frame 1 of this utility model is made of polypropylene with a rough surface and multiple hooks 3 on the front or back; the frame 1 has a side length of 0.3×1.5m and a thickness of 5~10mm; the hooks 3 have a length of 3-4cm, a rated load of more than 1kg, and an arrangement spacing of 15~30cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the suspension fixing hole 2 of this utility model is located 5-10cm below the upper edge of the frame 1, and is a through hole for suspending or fixing the frame 1; the edge of the suspension fixing hole 2 is reinforced with a polyethylene ring with a thickness of 5-10mm, which can bear the entire weight of the filter bag.

[0015] Furthermore, the composite filler filter bag 5 of this utility model has a side length of 10~20cm, and the outside of the composite filler filter bag is provided with small holes with a pore size of 2~3mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the biomass particle size inside the biomass packing layer 6 of the composite packing filter bag 5 of this utility model is 5~10mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the modified fiber filter ball particle size inside the modified fiber filter ball layer 7 in the composite filler filter bag 5 of this utility model is 5~10mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the zeolite particle size inside the zeolite packing layer 8 of the composite packing filter bag 5 of this utility model is 5~10mm, and more preferably 7~9mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the particle size of the ceramic particles inside the ceramic particle packing layer 9 of the composite packing filter bag 5 of this utility model is 5~15mm, and more preferably 8~13mm.

[0020] Furthermore, in the composite filler filter bag 5 of this utility model, the volume ratio of the biomass filler layer 6, the modified fiber filter ball layer 7, the zeolite filler layer 8, and the ceramsite filler layer 9 is 0.5~1:1~2:1:1~2.

[0021] Furthermore, the material in the biomass filler layer 6 of this invention is walnut shells, peanut shells, or miscellaneous wood particles; the material in the modified fiber filter ball layer 7 is modified fiber filter balls, plastic hollow balls, or plastic Pall rings. The cost is comparable, but the modified fiber filter balls have the best pollutant removal efficiency.

[0022] Furthermore, the hanging part 4 on the composite filler filter bag 5 of this utility model is 2-4mm thick and made of nylon rope.

[0023] This utility model, through its filter bag design that facilitates installation and operation and its precise setting of the packing structure within the filter bag, achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The combination of biomass, modified fiber filter balls, ceramsite, zeolite and composite filter bags can give full play to the role of each filler. The modified fiber filter balls are made of materials with good hydrophilicity and can efficiently attach biofilm in water. The four materials have a synergistic effect and can effectively remove pesticides, antibiotics, pathogens, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants from farmland drainage. It can enhance the function of existing ecological ponds in situ, so that they can play a greater role in purifying water quality and improving the ecological environment, thereby improving the comprehensive benefits of ecological ponds.

[0025] (2) During use, the composite filler filter bag is easy to update and maintain, and the operation is simple. Users can easily replace and maintain it to ensure the continuous operation of the equipment and the high efficiency of purification. The replacement process of the filler is simple and can be further recycled, thus realizing that the composite filler filter bag can play an effective role for a long time and has great application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite filler filter bag of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model applied to farmland drainage ditches.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side view.

[0030] The following numbers are used in the diagram: 1-frame, 2-suspension fixing hole, 3-hook, 4-hanging piece, 5-composite packing filter bag, 6-biomass packing layer, 7-modified fiber filter ball layer, 8-zeolite packing layer, 9-ceramsite packing layer, 10-cement imitation wood nail, 11-hanging piece, 12-this utility model device. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This utility model discloses a composite filtration device for purifying farmland drainage, including a frame 1, a hanging fixing hole 2, a hook 3, and a composite filler filter bag suspended on the hook 3 by a hanger 4.

[0032] The composite filter bag is filled from top to bottom with a biomass filter layer 6, a modified fiber filter ball layer 7, a zeolite filter layer 8, and a ceramic particle filter layer 9.

[0033] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device that can effectively remove pollutants such as pesticides and antibiotics, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and pathogens from farmland drainage. This device has a small footprint, simple operation process, and is reusable, so as to better meet the needs of farmland drainage treatment at a low cost.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, all components in this invention are commercially available products known to those skilled in the art.

[0035] In this invention, the side length of the frame 1 is preferably 0.3~1.5m, the thickness is preferably 5~10mm, and the thickness is even more preferably 6~8mm; polypropylene is lightweight and has high strength, strong corrosion resistance and strong stability, and has little environmental harm during its service life; the surface of the frame 1 in this invention is rough and porous, providing sufficient sites for microbial attachment, which is conducive to the efficient formation and stability of biofilm.

[0036] In this utility model, the hooks 3 are evenly arranged on both sides of the frame 1. The hooks 3 and the frame 1 are integrated into one design and are made of the same material as the frame 1.

[0037] In this invention, the hanging piece 4 is 2-4mm thick and is tightly sewn with nylon thread to the upper two corners of the composite filler filter bag 5, which can bear the entire weight of the filter bag.

[0038] In this utility model, the particle size of the biomass filler layer 6 and the modified fiber filter ball layer 7 in the composite filler filter bag 5 is preferably 5~10mm, the particle size of the zeolite filler layer 8 is preferably 5~10mm, the particle size of the ceramsite is preferably 5~15mm, and the raw materials of the biomass filler layer are preferably common agricultural wastes such as walnut shells, peanut shells, and miscellaneous wood particles.

[0039] Modified fiber filter balls can be replaced with plastic hollow balls or plastic Pall rings, with comparable costs, but modified fiber filter balls offer the best pollutant removal efficiency.

[0040] In this invention, the biomass packing layer 6 can stably and slowly release organic carbon sources during use, better meet the growth and metabolic needs of microorganisms, promote the denitrification of microorganisms and the Fe cycle regeneration process, and promote the removal of nitrogen from farmland drainage.

[0041] In this invention, the modified fiber filter ball layer 7 has good hydrophilicity, large specific surface area, low cost and durability, and can effectively adhere to microbial membranes to remove various types of pollutants from the environment, such as pesticides, antibiotics, pathogens, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Furthermore, compared to ordinary fiber filter balls, plastic hollow balls, and Pall rings, the material used has better hydrophilicity, facilitating the adhesion and formation of microorganisms, and resulting in higher purification efficiency for agricultural wastewater.

[0042] In this invention, the zeolite packing layer 8 can effectively adsorb ammonia nitrogen and convert ammonia nitrogen in farmland wastewater through attached nitrifying bacteria.

[0043] In this invention, the ceramsite filler layer 9 has a rich microporous structure, which makes it easy for biofilms to adhere, and it has a strong ability to remove suspended solids and contain oxygen.

[0044] In this invention, the composite filter bag 5 contains a biomass packing layer 6, a modified fiber filter ball layer 7, a zeolite packing layer, and a ceramsite packing layer. The biomass raw materials are ground or pounded into appropriately sized particles. The most suitable volume ratio for the biomass packing layer 6, the modified fiber filter ball layer 7, the zeolite packing layer, and the ceramsite packing layer is 0.5~1:1~2:1:1~2.

[0045] A schematic diagram of the composite filtration device provided by this utility model is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, 1-main frame, 2-suspension fixing hole, 3-hook, 4-hanging piece, 5-composite packing filter bag, 6-biomass packing layer, 7-modified fiber filter ball layer, 8-zeolite packing layer, 9-ceramsite packing layer.

[0046] This invention does not impose any special limitations on the composite filler filter bag and the filler preparation process. The filler can be assembled and filled according to the structure described. The size and structure can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual use.

[0047] All materials involved in this invention are readily available or easily manufactured, resulting in low cost and no environmental pollution during their service life. The composite filler filter bag 5 is designed for easy replacement, and the filler material inside can be removed and reused under specific conditions. The frame 1 is easy to maintain and update, and there is no mutual interference between multiple composite filler filter bags 5. They can be placed or removed at different times, providing high assembly flexibility.

[0048] This invention utilizes a combination of oxidation, flocculation, adsorption, and sedimentation to effectively remove pollutants such as pesticides and antibiotics, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and pathogens from farmland drainage. It is an excellent in-situ wastewater remediation device, effectively improving the purification effect of farmland drainage per unit area. Through adsorption and desorption, this invention can adsorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and nutrients contained in farmland drainage and release them again under suitable conditions, achieving resource reuse. For example, it can be used as a slow-release fertilizer to improve soil fertility in farmland and gardens, and to provide essential nutrients for aquatic plants and algae in aquaculture.

[0049] This utility model also provides the application of the composite filtration device described in the above technical solution in purifying farmland drainage.

[0050] In this invention, the composite filtration device is preferably used in the treatment of polluted water in farmland drainage ditches.

[0051] This utility model also provides a farmland drainage ditch purification system, wherein the plurality of composite filter devices are suspended in the drainage ditch;

[0052] The composite filtration devices are connected and installed on the sidewalls and center of the farmland drainage ditch via hangers 11;

[0053] In this invention, the farmland drainage ditch preferably includes cement imitation wood nails 10; the cement imitation wood nails 10 are preferably disposed on the flat top of the farmland drainage ditch. In this invention, the two ends of the hanging member 11 are preferably fixed by the cement imitation wood nails 10.

[0054] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, submerged plants can be planted in the farmland drainage ditch, preferably including Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata. This utility model does not specifically limit the planting quantity of the submerged plants; any plants well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0055] In this utility model, the structural schematic diagram of the farmland drainage ditch is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0056] This invention combines a composite filtration device with aquatic plants, enabling more efficient and simultaneous removal of pollutants such as pesticides and antibiotics, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and pathogens from farmland drainage. Furthermore, the maintenance and replacement of the composite filtration device are relatively convenient during subsequent operation, facilitating its long-term effective function.

[0057] To further illustrate this utility model, the composite filtration device provided by this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Example 1

[0058] A composite filter bag 5 is made by arranging rice straw (approximately 5mm in diameter), modified fiber filter balls (5mm in diameter), zeolite (5mm in diameter), and ceramsite (8mm in diameter) in a certain layer and placing them in a filter bag 10cm wide and 15cm long. The volume ratio of rice straw, modified fiber filter balls, zeolite, and ceramsite is 1:2:1:1.5. Four of these composite filter bags 5 are suspended crosswise on a frame 1 that is 30cm wide, 50cm long, and 5mm thick, with four hooks 3 evenly arranged on top. The hooks 3 are arranged in a 2×2 centered configuration, with a horizontal spacing of 15cm and a vertical spacing of 25cm. Example 2

[0059] A composite filter bag 5 is made by arranging walnut shells (approximately 10 mm in diameter), modified fiber filter balls (10 mm in diameter), zeolite (10 mm in diameter), and ceramsite (15 mm in diameter) in a certain layer and placing them in a filter bag 15 cm wide and 20 cm long. The volume ratio of rice straw, modified fiber filter balls, zeolite, and ceramsite is 1:1:1:1.2. Six of these composite filter bags 5 are suspended on a frame 1 (120 cm wide, 30 cm long, 5 mm thick) with six hooks 3 evenly arranged on it. The hooks 3 are arranged in a 6×1 pattern, centered, with a left-right spacing of 18 cm.

[0060] In the Dounan Wetland of Chenggong District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, a grab bucket-type mud sampler was used to collect the surface bottom mud 10cm below the mud-water interface. After removing impurities, the mud was stored in a sealed container for later use. The wetland surface water was collected as wastewater to be treated and sealed in a plastic container for later use.

[0061] The sediment to be treated is spread evenly on the bottom of a material bucket with a bottom diameter of 50cm and a height of 60cm, with a thickness of about 5cm. Agricultural drainage is added on top of the sediment as sewage to be treated, with the water surface 0.15 meters from the top of the device.

[0062] The composite filter bag 5 obtained in Example 1 was tied to a plastic bucket using a hanger 11 and used as the experimental group for wastewater purification treatment for 14 days. A plastic bucket without the composite filter bag 5 was used as a blank control. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1. Purification treatment results of the performance test experimental group and blank group in Example 1.

[0064] Item Blank group Experimental group Removal rate Chemical oxygen demand (mg / L) 13.3 9.71 26.99% Ammonia nitrogen (mg / L) 0.79 0.26 67.09% Nitrate nitrogen (mg / L) 2.99 0.33 88.96% Total nitrogen (mg / L) 4.15 1.67 59.76% Total phosphorus (mg / L) 0.38 0.15 60.53% Ammonia nitrogen in sediment (mg / g) 16.96 13.83 18.46% Nitrate nitrogen in sediment (mg / g) 2.98 2.31 22.48% Total phosphorus in sediment (g / kg) 3.42 2.98 12.87%

[0065] A cuboid device measuring 3 meters long, 0.8 meters wide, and 0.8 meters high was used to simulate a farmland drainage ditch purification system. The sediment to be treated was spread evenly at the bottom of the device to a thickness of approximately 20 cm. Farmland drainage was added on top of the sediment, with the water level 0.3 meters from the top of the device. Four composite filter bags 5 obtained in Example 2 were respectively attached to the inner wall of the device using hangers and used as the experimental group for wastewater purification for 14 days. The device without the composite filter bags 5 served as a blank control. The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2. Purification treatment results of the performance test experimental group and blank group in Example 2.

[0067] Item Blank group Experimental group Removal rate Chemical oxygen demand (mg / L) 17.3 9.63 44.34% Ammonia nitrogen (mg / L) 1.62 0.33 79.63% Nitrate nitrogen (mg / L) 4.21 0.67 84.09% Total nitrogen (mg / L) 5.23 2.33 55.45% Total phosphorus (mg / L) 1.01 0.32 68.32% Ammonia nitrogen in sediment (mg / g) 18.21 13.21 27.46% Nitrate nitrogen in sediment (mg / g) 3.21 2.13 33.64% Total phosphorus in sediment (g / kg) 5.02 3.98 20.72%

[0068] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the composite filler filter bag 5 provided by this utility model can effectively remove ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic pollutants from farmland drainage, and has a good purification effect on farmland drainage.

[0069] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Other embodiments can be obtained based on the present embodiments without creative intent, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite filtration device for purifying farmland drainage, characterized in that, The device comprises a frame (1), a hanging fixing hole (2), a hook (3), a hanging piece (4), and a composite filler filter bag; The frame (1) is a plate; The upper part of the frame (1) is provided with a hanging fixing hole (2); A plurality of hooks (3) are fixedly arranged on the frame (1); The composite filler filter bag is hung on the hook (3) through the hanging piece (4); From top to bottom, the composite filler filter bag is sequentially provided with a biomass filler layer (6), a modified fiber filter ball layer (7), a zeolite filler layer (8), and a ceramsite filler layer (9).

2. The composite filter device for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is made of polypropylene and has a rough surface, and a plurality of hooks (3) are arranged on the front or back surface; the length of the frame (1) is 0.3*1.5 m, and the thickness is 5-10 mm; the length of the hook (3) is 3-4 cm, and the arrangement interval is 15-30 cm.

3. The composite filter device for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, wherein The hanging fixing hole (2) is arranged on the upper edge of the frame (1) and is 5-10 cm downward, and is a perforation for hanging or fixing the frame (1); the hole edge of the hanging fixing hole (2) is provided with a polyethylene ring with a thickness of 5-10 mm.

4. The composite filter device for purifying farmland drainage according to claim 1, wherein The length of the composite filler filter bag (5) is 10-20 cm, and the outer part of the composite filler filter bag is provided with a small hole with a pore size of 2-3 mm.

5. The composite filter device for purifying agricultural drainage water according to claim 1, wherein The particle size of the biomass in the biomass filler layer (6) in the composite filler filter bag (5) is 5-10 mm.

6. The composite filter device for purifying agricultural drainage water according to claim 1, wherein The particle size of the modified fiber filter ball in the modified fiber filter ball layer (7) in the composite filler filter bag (5) is 5-10 mm.

7. The composite filter device for purifying agricultural drainage water according to claim 1, wherein The particle size of the zeolite in the zeolite filler layer (8) in the composite filler filter bag (5) is 5-10 mm.

8. The composite filter device for purifying agricultural drainage water according to claim 1, wherein The particle size of the ceramsite in the ceramsite filler layer (9) in the composite filler filter bag (5) is 5-15 mm.

9. The composite filter device for purifying agricultural drainage water according to claim 1, wherein The volume ratio of the biomass filler layer (6), the modified fiber filter ball layer (7), the zeolite filler layer (8), and the ceramsite filler layer (9) in the composite filler filter bag (5) is 0.5-1:1-2:1:1-2.

10. The composite filter device for purifying agricultural drainage water according to claim 1, wherein The material in the biomass filler layer (6) is walnut shell or peanut shell or wood particle; the material in the modified fiber filter ball layer (7) is modified fiber filter ball or plastic hollow ball or plastic Bauer ring.

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