Reusable anchor rod structure
By designing a reusable anchor structure, the anchor bolts can be reused using anchoring irons and reset magnets, solving the problem of non-recyclable disposable anchor bolts and reducing production costs and carbon emissions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521002352.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-05-21
AI Technical Summary
The disposable anchor bolts used in existing coal mine tunneling operations waste materials, increase production costs, and cannot be recycled, leading to increased steel consumption and carbon emissions.
Design a reusable anchor structure, including an outer sleeve, an anchor bolt, a top tie rod, a tray, and a locking nut, using anchoring irons and a reset magnet to achieve anchor bolt fixation and reuse.
This enables the reuse of anchor bolts, significantly reducing production costs and carbon emissions, saving steel, and achieving both economic and social benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN223781463U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal mine production technology, specifically relating to a reusable anchor structure as temporary support for the face of a tunneling roadway. Background Technology
[0002] In current coal mine tunneling operations, disposable anchor bolts are commonly used for face sealing. For example, Φ22 fully threaded equal-strength anchor bolts, using CKb / Z2370 type resin anchoring agent, cost over 45 yuan per bolt and cannot be recycled or reused. Disposable anchor bolts waste a significant amount of material, increase production costs, and consume steel, thus increasing carbon emissions. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reusable anchor structure to solve the problems in the prior art.
[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0005] A reusable anchor bolt structure, characterized in that it includes an outer sleeve, an anchor bolt, a top tie rod, a tray, and a nut;
[0006] The outer casing is circular on the outside and hollow on the inside; the front end of the inner casing has a cylindrical hole, the middle section has a frustum-shaped hole, and the rear section is provided with an anchor rod slide for cooperating with the anchor rod and an internal thread for cooperating with the top tie rod; two guide grooves are provided on the outer casing, and anchoring irons are slidably installed in the guide grooves.
[0007] The front end of the top tie rod is threaded to the internal thread on the outer sleeve, and the rear end is square.
[0008] The anchor rod is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve and the top tie rod. The front end of the anchor rod is frustum-shaped and the rear end is threaded. An anchoring limit block is also provided at the front end of the anchor rod, and two reset magnets that cooperate with the anchoring iron are provided on the anchor rod.
[0009] The tray is fitted onto the tail of the anchor bolt and locked in place by a lock nut;
[0010] An expansion wedge is also provided between the tray and the anchoring surface.
[0011] Furthermore: the outer casing is longer than the frustum.
[0012] Furthermore, the tray is rectangular and has a curved shape.
[0013] Furthermore: the inner hole of the anchor rail is square, and the anchor rod at the corresponding position of the anchor rail is square.
[0014] Further: The anchoring limit block is in sliding fit with the cylindrical hole part of the outer sleeve and in limit fit with the frustum-shaped hole part.
[0015] Further: A top pull rod limit block is also provided on the top pull rod, and the front end of the top pull rod limit block is in limit fit with the outer sleeve.
[0016] Further: The anchoring iron is in a "ji" shape, and a slope is provided on one side close to the outer end.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: In the present utility model, the bolt is fixed by the anchoring iron, and the anchoring iron is retracted by the reset magnet, so as to realize the repeated use of the bolt. The structure of the present utility model solves the problem that the existing disposable bolt cannot be recycled, and the economic benefit is obvious. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present utility model.
[0020] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1 is the outer sleeve, 2 is the bolt, 3 is the top pull rod, 4 is the tray, 5 is the locking nut, 6 is the expansion wedge;
[0021] 11 is the sheath, 12 is the guide groove, 13 is the anchoring iron; 100 is the coal seam;
[0022] 21 is the anchoring limit block, 22 is the frustum, 23 is the reset magnet, 24 is the bolt limit, 25 is the threaded bolt;
[0023] 31 is the thread, 32 is the top pull rod limit, 33 is the top pull rod square tube. Detailed Embodiment
[0024] Referring to the attached Figure 1-2 , the present utility model discloses a reusable bolt structure for anchoring a coal seam 100 or a rock stratum, which altogether includes an outer sleeve 1, a bolt 2, a top pull rod 3, a tray 4, a locking nut 5 and an expansion wedge 6;
[0025] The outer sleeve includes a cylindrical sheath 11 with a hollow interior; the front end of the interior is a cylindrical hole, the middle section is a frustum-shaped hole, and the rear section is provided with a bolt slideway 14 matching with the bolt and a groove with an internal thread matching with the top pull rod; two guide grooves 12 are provided on the barrel wall of the outer sleeve, and an anchoring iron 13 is slidably arranged along the radial direction in the guide grooves 12; under the action of the guide grooves, the anchoring iron slides in a radial direction matching with the bolt, and a limit protrusion is provided at the lower part of the anchoring iron to prevent the anchoring iron from sliding out too much or falling off;
[0026] The anchor rod slides within the outer sleeve and the top pull rod. The front end of the anchor rod is a frustum-shaped body 22, and the rear end of the anchor rod is a threaded anchor rod 25 (i.e., there is an external thread at the rear end); an anchoring limit block 21 is further provided at the front end of the frustum-shaped body, and two reset magnets 23 that cooperate with the anchoring iron are embedded in the anchor rod; among them, the frustum-shaped body slides within the cylindrical hole at the front end of the sheath, and the rear end is in limit fit with the frustum-shaped hole in the middle section of the sheath; the reset magnets are arranged inside the anchor rod or in the groove of the anchor rod, fixed by bolts or bonding, etc., and the outside is flush with the outer edge of the frustum-shaped body.
[0027] The front end of the top pull rod is a thread 31 connected to the sheath, and the tail end is provided with a top pull rod square tube 33 (i.e., the outer shape of the tail is square), which is convenient for positioning and preventing rotation with a wrench when installing the tray. A top pull rod limit 32 is also provided on the top pull rod, and the top pull rod limit cooperates with the outer sleeve to prevent the top pull rod from being inserted too deep into the outer sleeve.
[0028] The tray 4 has a hole in the middle and is sleeved on the tail of the anchor rod, and is locked with the top pull rod square tube 33 through a locking nut 5.
[0029] A tensioning wedge 6 is further provided between the tray and the anchoring surface. After the tray is installed, the tensioning wedge is driven between the tray and the anchoring surface to further support the anchoring surface.
[0030] Preferably, when the anchoring limit block 21 is in limit with the front end of the frustum-shaped hole, there is a small gap between the frustum-shaped body part and the inclined surface of the sheath, and they are not completely in contact, so as to reduce the friction between the frustum-shaped body and the steel outer sleeve and facilitate the reset of the anchoring iron.
[0031] Preferably: The sheath is slightly longer than the frustum-shaped body, that is, when the anchor rod extends forward, the anchoring limit block is still inside the outer sleeve.
[0032] Preferably: The tray is rectangular when viewed from the front, has a curvature when viewed from the side, and faces the anchoring surface.
[0033] Preferably: The inner hole of the anchor rod slideway is square, and the anchor rod at the position corresponding to the anchor rod slideway is square, ensuring that the anchor rod will not rotate during operation, and further ensuring the corresponding relationship between the reset magnet and the anchoring iron.
[0034] Preferably: The anchoring iron is in a "ji" shape, the lower flanging plays a role in limiting and preventing detachment, and a slope is provided at the shoulder position on one side near the outer end to assist the anchoring iron in retracting during recovery.
[0035] Preferably: It further includes an anchor rod limit 24, which is arranged on the outside of the anchor rod and is located between the bottom surface of the groove of the outer sleeve and the front end surface of the top pull rod, and is in movable fit with the two, ensuring that the anchor rod has sufficient movement space while preventing the front end of the anchor rod from detaching from the outer sleeve.
[0036] In this utility model, connection methods not described in detail are known technologies, such as threaded connections, welding, bonding, or integral connections. For ease of description, this solution uses... Figure 1 The left side is the front or inner side, and the right side is the rear or outer side.
[0037] The usage process of this utility model is as follows:
[0038] 1. In use, the reusable anchor rod is inserted into the pre-drilled anchor bolt hole, the tray is installed, one wrench is used to fix the square head of the top tie rod, and the other wrench is used to tighten the lock nut. The threaded anchor rod moves outward along the guide groove. Driven by the threaded anchor rod, the truncated cone moves outward, simultaneously pushing out the anchoring iron to create significant friction with the coal (rock), thus achieving the anchoring effect. Then, an expansion wedge 6 is driven between the coal (rock) wall and the tray to achieve the support effect.
[0039] 2. For disassembly, first loosen the locking nut, remove the expansion wedge, then loosen the locking nut again. Push the anchor rod into the hole or gently pull it outward. The reset magnet moves into the hole along with the truncated cone. Under the combined action of external force and the magnet, the expansion wedge resets and retracts, and is attracted by magnetic force. At this point, pulling the top pull rod will allow the reusable anchor rod to be removed intact. This achieves reuse.
[0040] In this design, the steel jacket has the functions of a sliding track and protecting the truncated cone; the truncated cone's inclined surface and the function of ejecting the expansion clamping iron; the jacket is slightly longer than the truncated cone (5-10cm), which can both protect the truncated cone and reduce the resistance during anchoring; a certain gap is left between the truncated cone and the inner wall of the steel jacket, which can reduce the friction between the truncated cone and the steel jacket and facilitate the repositioning of the anchoring iron; the magnet has a repositioning function; the inclined surface of the expansion clamping iron is conducive to the repositioning of the expansion clamping iron; the top pull rod has the functions of tightening and pulling out and threaded connection; the top pull rod limit can protect the top pull rod thread and the steel jacket thread; the anchor rod limit can avoid damage to the lower part of the anchoring iron and prevent the truncated cone from going out of the jacket; the end limit function of the truncated cone; the wedge tightening function of the enlarged tray and the expansion wedge; the anchor rod adopts a square sliding track, which can be reused when the anchor rod is working, and avoids the rotation of the repositioning magnet.
[0041] In practical use, the anchor bolts used for sealing the facing face of a certain mine's tunneling face are Φ22 fully threaded equal-strength anchor bolts, and the anchoring agent is CKb / Z2370 type resin anchoring agent. Each anchor bolt costs 45 yuan and cannot be reused. With over 5400 meters of tunnel excavated annually, more than 9000 anchor bolts are used for sealing the facing face, costing over 4.05 million yuan. This increases the company's production costs, consumes steel, and increases carbon emissions.
[0042] This invention utilizes reusable anchor bolts to support the tunneling face. Since these reusable anchor bolts can be reused more than 1000 times, they can save the mine over 3.5 million yuan annually. Simultaneously, they save steel and reduce carbon emissions, achieving a double harvest of economic and social benefits.
Claims
1. A reusable anchor rod structure, characterized by: The outer sleeve, anchor rod, top pull rod, tray, nut; The outer sleeve is circular in shape and hollow inside; the front end of the inner part of the outer sleeve is a cylindrical hole, the middle part is a circular truncated cone hole, and the rear part is provided with an anchor rod sliding channel matched with the anchor rod and an inner thread matched with the top pull rod; two guide grooves are arranged on the outer sleeve, and an anchoring iron is slidably arranged in the guide grooves; The front end of the top pull rod is threadedly connected with the inner thread on the outer sleeve, and the rear end is square in shape; The anchor rod is slidably connected in the outer sleeve and the top pull rod, the front end of the anchor rod is a circular truncated cone, and the rear end is provided with a thread; an anchoring limiting block is further arranged at the front end of the anchor rod, and two reset magnets matched with the anchoring iron are arranged on the anchor rod; The tray is sleeved on the tail part of the anchor rod and is locked by a locking nut; An expansion wedge is further arranged between the tray and the anchoring surface.
2. A reusable anchor rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve is longer than the circular truncated cone body.
3. A reusable anchor rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray is rectangular in shape and has an arc.
4. A reusable anchor rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the anchor rod sliding channel is square in shape, and the anchor rod at the position corresponding to the anchor rod sliding channel is also square in shape.
5. A reusable anchor rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring limiting block is slidably matched with the cylindrical hole part of the outer sleeve and is limitingly matched with the circular truncated cone hole part.
6. A reusable anchor rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top pull rod limiting block is further arranged on the top pull rod, and the front end of the top pull rod limiting block is limitingly matched with the outer sleeve.
7. A reusable anchor rod structure as defined in claim 1, wherein: The anchoring iron is in the shape of "several" characters, and an inclined surface is arranged on one side close to the outer end.