Coupling easy to disassemble and assemble

Abstract

The coupler easy to disassemble and assemble comprises a shaft sleeve and a conical block which are coaxially installed on an installation shaft, a penetrating hole for the installation shaft to penetrate through is formed in the center of the conical block in a penetrating mode, and a key connection assembly used for transmitting torque is further installed in the circumferential direction of the installation shaft. The shaft sleeve and the conical block are in sliding connection in the length direction of the mounting shaft through a key connection assembly; a conical groove is formed in the side, close to the conical block, of the shaft sleeve, the conical block is embedded into the conical groove, a mounting seam which can be conveniently arranged on the mounting shaft in a sleeving mode is formed in the length direction of the conical block, the mounting seam is communicated with the penetrating hole, and the length of the mounting seam in the cross section of the conical block is larger than the radius of the conical block and smaller than the diameter of the conical block. And a fastening assembly for conveniently reducing a gap between the conical block and the mounting shaft and a dismounting assembly for conveniently separating the conical block from the shaft sleeve are also mounted between the conical block and the shaft sleeve. The device has the effects that the coupler can be conveniently and rapidly disassembled and assembled, and time and labor are saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of a coupling, in particular to an easy-to-disassemble coupling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the thermal power generation industry, equipment generally relies on rotation to realize energy conversion, and a coupling is used to connect a motor and various rotating machines. The coupling not only transmits torque and compensates for installation and manufacturing errors of machine parts, but also mitigates impact and absorbs vibration.

[0003] At present, the coupling in the industry generally adopts a hot-mounted coupling with interference fit or excessive fit, and heating tools need to be used for heating every time the coupling is disassembled, which is time-consuming and laborious. Especially for equipment maintenance in remote areas from the plant, heating conditions are not available, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are invested in the disassembly and assembly of the coupling every time. In addition, such a coupling also has the maintenance habit of hammering and rough disassembly during disassembly and assembly, which is easy to cause damage to the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an easy-to-disassemble coupling applied to rotating machines to solve the problem of difficult disassembly and assembly of the coupling. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] In order to facilitate the quick disassembly and assembly of the coupling and save time and labor, the application provides an easy-to-disassemble coupling.

[0006] The application provides an easy-to-disassemble coupling, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The easy-to-disassemble coupling comprises a shaft sleeve coaxially mounted on a mounting shaft and a conical block, a through hole is formed in the center of the conical block for the mounting shaft to pass through, a key connection assembly for transmitting torque is further mounted on the mounting shaft in the circumferential direction, and the shaft sleeve and the conical block are slidably connected in the length direction of the mounting shaft through the key connection assembly; a conical groove is formed on one side of the shaft sleeve close to the conical block, the conical block is embedded in the conical groove, a mounting seam is formed in the length direction of the conical block for conveniently sleeving the mounting shaft, the mounting seam is in communication with the through hole, the length of the mounting seam on the cross section of the conical block is greater than the radius of the conical block and less than the diameter of the conical block, and a fastening assembly for reducing the gap between the conical block and the mounting shaft and a disassembly assembly for facilitating mutual separation of the conical block and the shaft sleeve are further mounted between the conical block and the shaft sleeve.

[0008] By adopting the technical scheme, the shaft sleeve and the conical block can only slide horizontally along the length direction of the mounting shaft under the action of the key connection assembly, and the installation slot is arranged to further facilitate the quick insertion of the conical block. When it is required to quickly fix the shaft sleeve and the conical block on the mounting shaft, the fastening assembly can apply a force close to the mounting shaft to the conical block, so that the gap of the installation slot is reduced, the conical block is tightly held on the mounting shaft, and the conical block and the conical groove can be tightly inserted. When it is required to quickly disassemble the shaft sleeve and the conical block from the mounting shaft, the fastening assembly is first disassembled, and then the disassembling assembly is used to separate the conical block from the conical groove, so that the shaft sleeve and the conical block are quickly disassembled.

[0009] Optionally, the outer diameter of the conical block close to the shaft sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the conical block away from the shaft sleeve, and the shape of the conical groove is the same as that of the conical block.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, the outer diameter of the conical block close to the shaft sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the conical block away from the shaft sleeve, so that the conical block has a slope gradually inclined downward from the side away from the shaft sleeve to the side close to the shaft sleeve, thereby further improving the stability of the insertion of the two.

[0011] Optionally, the number of the fastening assemblies is at least two, and the fastening assemblies are symmetrically arranged about the installation slot.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, the fastening assembly can make the conical block tightly held on the mounting shaft, at this time, the gap of the installation slot is reduced, and when the conical block is inserted into the conical groove, the conical block and the conical groove are combined more tightly.

[0013] Optionally, the fastening assembly comprises a mounting bolt and a fastening hole, the fastening hole comprises a first half slot opened on the side wall of the conical block and a second half slot opened on the inner wall of the conical groove, the first half slot is opened along the length direction of the side wall of the conical block, the first half slot and the second half slot are oppositely opened, the cross sections of the first half slot and the second half slot are combined into a circle, the second half slot has an internal thread, when the mounting bolt is inserted into the fastening hole, one side of the mounting bolt is threadedly connected with the second half slot, and the other side of the mounting bolt is abutted against the first half slot.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, when it is required to fasten the shaft sleeve and the conical block on the mounting shaft by the fastening assembly, one side of the mounting bolt is threadedly connected with the second half slot, and the other side is abutted against the first half slot, so that the gap of the installation slot is reduced, and the end of the mounting bolt is abutted against the bottom wall of the first half slot, so that the conical block and the conical groove are more tightly inserted.

[0015] Optionally, the dismounting assembly is arranged on the same line with the installation seam, the dismounting assembly comprises a threaded half slot arranged on the outer wall of the tapered block and a blind slot arranged on the inner wall of the tapered groove, the cross section of the threaded half slot and the blind slot is combined into a circle, the length direction of the threaded half slot is arranged along the length direction of the outer wall of the tapered block, the threaded half slot penetrates the tapered block completely, the threaded half slot and the blind slot are oppositely arranged and have the same length, the installation bolt is inserted into the ejection hole when the installation bolt is separated from the fastening hole, the installation bolt is screwed with the threaded half slot when the installation bolt is inserted into the ejection hole, and the end of the installation bolt abuts against the bottom of the tapered groove.

[0016] By using the above technical scheme, when the shaft coupling needs to be quickly dismounted from the installation shaft, the installation bolt is first pulled out of the fastening hole, and then the installation bolt is screwed into the ejection hole. Since the installation bolt is screwed with the threaded half slot, when the end of the installation bolt abuts against the bottom wall of the tapered groove, a force is given to the tapered block to move away from the tapered groove, thereby facilitating the quick dismounting of the tapered block and the shaft sleeve.

[0017] Optionally, the first half slot has a greater depth than the second half slot, and the threaded half slot has a greater depth than the blind slot.

[0018] By using the above technical scheme, the first half slot has a greater depth than the second half slot, which ensures that the tapered block can be better clamped when the installation bolt is inserted. The threaded half slot has a greater depth than the blind slot, which ensures that the tapered block can be better dismounted when the installation bolt is ejected.

[0019] Optionally, the key connection assembly comprises a key strip fixedly arranged on the side wall of the installation shaft, the key strip is arranged along the length direction of the installation shaft, the shaft sleeve is provided with a first key groove on the side close to the installation shaft, the tapered block is provided with a second key groove on the side close to the installation shaft, and the key strip is simultaneously inserted into the first key groove and the second key groove when the shaft sleeve and the tapered block are sleeved on the installation shaft.

[0020] By using the above technical scheme, when the shaft sleeve and the tapered block are sleeved on the installation shaft, the key strip is simultaneously inserted into the first key groove and the second key groove, so that the shaft sleeve and the tapered block cannot rotate on the installation shaft. At this time, the first half slot and the second half slot are opposite to each other, and the threaded half slot and the blind slot are opposite to each other, which facilitates the subsequent installation of the installation bolt.

[0021] Optionally, a plurality of pin holes are arranged on the side of the shaft sleeve away from the tapered groove, the shaft center of the pin hole is parallel to the installation shaft, the plurality of pin holes are symmetrically and spacedly arranged about the shaft center of the installation shaft, the installation shaft comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the shaft sleeve on the driving shaft and the shaft sleeve on the driven shaft have the same structure and are oppositely arranged, a pin bolt is arranged in each pin hole, and the two shaft sleeves adjacent to each other are fixedly connected through the pin bolt.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the shaft sleeve and the conical block are installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, the shaft centers of the driving shaft and the driven shaft are aligned, the pin holes on the two shaft sleeves are aligned, and then the pin bolt is installed to be fixed, so that the driving shaft and the driven shaft are fixedly connected and rotate together.

[0023] In summary, the present application has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The shaft sleeve and the conical block can only slide horizontally along the length direction of the mounting shaft under the action of the key connection assembly. The installation slot is further arranged to facilitate the quick insertion of the conical block. When it is needed to quickly fix the shaft sleeve and the conical block on the mounting shaft, the fastening assembly can apply a force to the conical block to approach the mounting shaft, so that the gap of the installation slot is reduced, the conical block is tightly held on the mounting shaft, and the conical block and the conical groove are tightly inserted. When it is needed to quickly disassemble the shaft sleeve and the conical block from the mounting shaft, the fastening assembly is first disassembled, and then the disassembly assembly is used to separate the conical block from the conical groove, so that the disassembly is facilitated.

[0025] 2. When the fastening assembly is needed to fasten the shaft sleeve and the conical block on the mounting shaft, one side of the mounting bolt is threadedly connected with the second half slot, and the other side is abutted with the first half slot, so that the gap of the installation slot is reduced, and the end of the mounting bolt is abutted with the bottom wall of the first half slot, so that the insertion of the conical block and the conical groove is more tightly.

[0026] 3. When the coupling needs to be quickly disassembled from the mounting shaft, the mounting bolt is first pulled out from the fastening hole, and then the mounting bolt is screwed into the ejection hole. Since the mounting bolt is threadedly connected with the threaded half slot, when the end of the mounting bolt is abutted to the bottom wall of the conical groove, a force is given to the conical block to move away from the conical groove, so that the conical block and the shaft sleeve are quickly disassembled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of the mounting shaft and the shaft sleeve.

[0028] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of the driving shaft and the shaft sleeve and the conical block.

[0029] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of the conical block.

[0030] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of the shaft sleeve.

[0031] Explanation of reference signs: 1, mounting shaft; 11, driving shaft; 111, key bar; 12, driven shaft; 2, shaft sleeve; 21, pin hole; 22, pin bolt; 23, through hole; 24, first key groove; 25, tapered groove; 3, tapered block; 31, through hole; 32, second key groove; 33, mounting slot; 4, fastening assembly; 41, mounting bolt; 42, fastening hole; 421, first half slot; 422, second half slot; 5, dismounting assembly; 51, ejection hole; 511, threaded half slot; 512, blind slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 - the accompanying drawings Figure 4 The application is described in further detail.

[0033] The application discloses an easily dismountable shaft coupling.

[0034] Reference is made to Figure 1 An easily dismountable shaft coupling comprises a mounting shaft 1 connected to a shaft coupling body, the mounting shaft 1 comprises a driving shaft 11 and a driven shaft 12, and the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 are both provided with shaft sleeves 2 of the same structure, the shaft sleeves 2 are provided with tapered blocks 3, the shaft sleeves 2 and the tapered blocks 3 are coaxially arranged on the driving shaft 11 or the driven shaft 12, a plurality of pin holes 21 are formed through the side of the shaft sleeve 2 away from the driving shaft 11 or the driven shaft 12, the pin holes 21 are uniformly distributed, the pin holes 21 on the driving shaft 11 are aligned with the pin holes 21 on the driven shaft 12, and a plurality of pin bolts 22 are arranged between the adjacent two shaft sleeves 2, the pin bolts 22 pass through the pin holes 21 to be fixed, the shaft sleeves 2 on the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 are fixed by the pin bolts 22, and the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 can rotate together.

[0035] Reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Taking the mounting structure of the driving shaft 11 as an example, a through hole 23 is formed at the center of the shaft sleeve 2, a through hole 31 is formed at the center of the tapered block 3, and the driving shaft 11 passes through the through hole 23 and the through hole 31 at the same time, so that the shaft sleeve 2 and the tapered block 3 are coaxially arranged on the driving shaft 11.

[0036] The side wall of the main shaft 11 is fixed with a key bar 111, the length direction of the key bar 111 is parallel to the axis of the main shaft 11, the shaft sleeve 2 is provided with a first key groove 24 which is in communication with the through hole 23, the length direction of the first key groove 24 is parallel to the axis of the through hole 23, the conical block 3 is provided with a second key groove 32 which is in communication with the through hole 31 and parallel to the length direction of the through hole 31, when the shaft sleeve 2 and the conical block 3 are installed on the main shaft 11, the key bar 111 is inserted into the first key groove 24 and the second key groove 32 at the same time, so that the shaft sleeve 2 and the conical block 3 can only slide along the length direction of the main shaft 11 and cannot rotate, thereby ensuring the transmission of torque.

[0037] The shaft sleeve 2 is provided with a conical groove 25 which is in communication with the through hole 23 and coaxially arranged on the side close to the conical block 3, the depth of the conical groove 25 is smaller than the width of the shaft sleeve 2, the outer diameter of the conical block 3 close to the shaft sleeve 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the conical block 3 away from the shaft sleeve 2, so that the circumferential wall of the conical block 3 is provided with a slope which is gradually inclined upward from the side close to the shaft sleeve 2 to the side away from the shaft sleeve 2, the conical groove 25 is the same as the shape of the conical block 3, so that the conical block 3 can be completely embedded in the conical groove 25.

[0038] The conical block 3 is also provided with an installation slot 33 which is in communication with the through hole 31 and has the same length, the length of the installation slot 33 on the cross section of the conical block 3 is greater than the radius of the conical block 3 and smaller than the diameter of the conical block 3, thereby facilitating the conical block 3 to be sleeved on the main shaft 11, when the shaft sleeve 2 and the conical block 3 need to be completely clamped on the main shaft 11, the shaft sleeve 2 and the conical block 3 are also provided with a plurality of fastening assemblies 4, the number of the fastening assemblies 4 is two in the embodiment, the two fastening assemblies 4 are symmetrically distributed about the installation slot 33, thereby ensuring the fastening effect.

[0039] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3Each fastening assembly 4 comprises a mounting bolt 41 and a fastening hole 42, the mounting bolt 41 being insertable into the fastening hole 42, each fastening hole 42 comprising a first half slot 421 formed on the side wall of the tapered block 3 and a second half slot 422 formed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 2, the second half slot 422 being through the tapered slot 25, the first half slot 421 and the second half slot 422 being oppositely formed, the cross sections of the first half slot 421 and the second half slot 422 being combined into a circular shape, the first half slot 421 having a larger depth than the second half slot 422, the first half slot 421 being formed along the length direction of the side wall of the tapered block 3 and being shorter than the length of the side wall of the tapered block 3, the second half slot 422 having the same length as the first half slot 421, the second half slot 422 being internally threaded, the inner wall of the first half slot 421 being a smooth wall surface, when the mounting bolt 41 is inserted into the fastening hole 42, one side of the mounting bolt 41 is threadedly connected with the second half slot 422, the other side of the mounting bolt 41 is abutted against the first half slot 421, the gap of the mounting seam 33 is reduced, the tapered block 3 can be tightly held on the driving shaft 11, and the tapered block 3 and the tapered slot 25 are more tightly inserted with each other as the mounting bolt 41 is tightened, so that the shaft sleeve 2 can be fixed on the driving shaft 11.

[0040] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the shaft sleeve 2 and the tapered block 3 are further provided with a dismounting assembly 5 for facilitating the separation of the shaft sleeve 2 and the tapered block 3, the dismounting assembly 5 comprising an ejection hole 51, the axis of the ejection hole 51 being parallel to the axis of the tapered block 3, the ejection hole 51 being located at a position opposite to the mounting seam 33, the ejection hole 51 comprising a threaded half slot 511 formed on the outer side wall of the tapered block 3 and a blind slot 512 formed on the inner wall of the tapered slot 25, the threaded half slot 511 and the blind slot 512 being combined to form the ejection hole 51, the cross section of the threaded half slot 511 and the blind slot 512 being circular when they are combined, the threaded half slot 511 having a larger depth than the blind slot 512, the inner wall of the blind slot 512 being a smooth wall surface, the threaded half slot 511 being internally threaded, the threaded half slot 511 and the blind slot 512 being oppositely formed, the length direction of the threaded half slot 511 being formed along the length direction of the outer side wall of the tapered block 3, the threaded half slot 511 being completely through the tapered block 3, the threaded half slot 511 and the blind slot 512 having the same length.

[0041] When the tapered block 3 and the shaft sleeve 2 need to be quickly dismounted from the driving shaft 11, the mounting bolt 41 is first dismounted, and then the mounting bolt 41 is inserted into the ejection hole 51, at this time, one side of the mounting bolt 41 is threadedly connected with the threaded half slot 511, and the other side of the mounting bolt 41 is slidingly connected with the blind slot 512, when the end of the mounting bolt 41 is abutted against the bottom of the tapered slot 25 by rotating the mounting bolt 41, the mounting bolt 41 is continuously rotated to give the shaft sleeve 2 and the tapered block 3 a force for moving away from each other, so that the tapered block 3 is separated from the tapered slot 25, and the gap between the tapered block 3 and the driving shaft 11 is enlarged under the action of the mounting seam 33, thereby facilitating the quick dismounting.

[0042] The implementation principle of the coupling easy to disassemble and assemble is as follows:

[0043] When the coupling is quickly mounted on the driving shaft 11 or the driven shaft 12, the shaft sleeve 2 is first mounted, and then the tapered block 3 is mounted. Under the action of the key bar 111, the two can only slide horizontally and cannot rotate. Then the tapered block 3 is inserted into the tapered groove 25, at this time, the first half groove 421 and the second half groove 422 are opposite, then the mounting bolt 41 is screwed into the fastening hole 42 composed of the first half groove 421 and the second half groove 422, and as the tapered block 3 is inserted into the shaft sleeve 2 more closely, the clamping effect of the tapered block 3 on the driving shaft 11 or the driven shaft 12 is better, and the gap of the mounting seam 33 is smaller, thereby realizing the quick fixing of the tapered block 3 and the shaft sleeve 2. Then the pin bolt 22 is inserted into the pin hole 21 arranged opposite on the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 to be fixed, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12.

[0044] When the tapered block 3 and the shaft sleeve 2 on the driving shaft 11 or the driven shaft 12 need to be disassembled, the pin bolt 22 and the mounting bolt 41 are first disassembled, then one mounting bolt 41 is inserted into the ejection hole 51, and since the mounting bolt 41 is in threaded connection with the threaded half groove 511, the end of the mounting bolt 41 abuts against the bottom wall of the tapered groove 25, a force is given to the shaft sleeve 2 and the tapered block 3 to move in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the mutual separation of the two, at the same time, the tapered block 3 no longer clamps the driving shaft 11 or the driven shaft 12, thereby facilitating quick disassembly, effectively improving the disassembly efficiency, and not easily causing damage to the parts.

[0045] The above embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A coupler that is easy to disassemble, characterized by: The application relates to a key connection assembly for transmitting torque, which comprises a shaft sleeve (2) and a conical block (3) coaxially installed on a mounting shaft (1), a through hole (31) is formed through the center of the conical block (3) for the mounting shaft (1) to pass through, a key connection assembly for transmitting torque is also installed on the mounting shaft (1) in the circumferential direction, the shaft sleeve (2) and the conical block (3) are slidably connected with the length direction of the mounting shaft (1) through the key connection assembly, a conical groove (25) is formed on the side of the shaft sleeve (2) close to the conical block (3), the conical block (3) is embedded in the conical groove (25), a mounting slot (33) is formed on the length direction of the conical block (3) for conveniently sleeving the mounting shaft (1), the mounting slot (33) is communicated with the through hole (31), the length of the mounting slot (33) on the cross section of the conical block (3) is greater than the radius of the conical block (3) and smaller than the diameter of the conical block (3), a fastening assembly (4) for conveniently reducing the gap between the conical block (3) and the mounting shaft (1) and a dismounting assembly (5) for conveniently separating the conical block (3) from the shaft sleeve (2) are further installed between the conical block (3) and the shaft sleeve (2).

2. A coupling according to claim 1, wherein: The outer diameter of the side of the conical block (3) close to the shaft sleeve (2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the side of the conical block (3) away from the shaft sleeve (2), and the shape of the conical groove (25) is the same as that of the conical block (3).

3. A shaft coupling according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the fastening assemblies (4) is at least two, and the fastening assemblies (4) are symmetrically arranged relative to the mounting slot (33).

4. A coupling according to claim 3, wherein: The fastening assembly (4) comprises a mounting bolt (41) and a fastening hole (42), the fastening hole (42) comprises a first half groove (421) formed on the side wall of the conical block (3) and a second half groove (422) formed on the inner wall of the conical groove (25), the first half groove (421) is formed along the length direction of the side wall of the conical block (3), the first half groove (421) and the second half groove (422) are oppositely formed, the cross sections of the first half groove (421) and the second half groove (422) are combined into a circle, the second half groove (422) is provided with an internal thread, when the mounting bolt (41) is inserted into the fastening hole (42), one side of the mounting bolt (41) is threadedly connected with the second half groove (422), and the other side of the mounting bolt (41) is abutted against the first half groove (421).

5. A coupling according to claim 4, wherein: The dismounting assembly (5) is located in the same line with the opening position of the mounting seam (33), the dismounting assembly (5) comprises a threaded half groove (511) opened on the outer sidewall of the tapered block (3) and a blind groove (512) opened on the inner wall of the tapered groove (25), the cross section of the threaded half groove (511) and the blind groove (512) is combined into a circle, the length direction of the threaded half groove (511) is opened along the length direction of the outer sidewall of the tapered block (3), and the threaded half groove (511) completely penetrates the tapered block (3), the threaded half groove (511) and the blind groove (512) are oppositely opened and have the same length, the mounting bolt (41) can be inserted into the ejection hole (51) when the mounting bolt (41) is separated from the fastening hole (42), when the mounting bolt (41) is inserted into the ejection hole (51), the mounting bolt (41) is screwed with the threaded half groove (511), and the end of the mounting bolt (41) abuts against the groove bottom of the tapered groove (25).

6. A coupling according to claim 5, wherein: The opening depth of the cross section of the first half groove (421) is greater than that of the second half groove (422), and the opening depth of the cross section of the threaded half groove (511) is greater than that of the blind groove (512).

7. The easy-to-disassemble coupling of claim 1, wherein: The key connection assembly comprises a key bar (111) fixedly installed on the sidewall of the mounting shaft (1), the key bar (111) is arranged along the length direction of the mounting shaft (1), the shaft sleeve (2) is provided with a first key groove (24) on the side close to the mounting shaft (1), the tapered block (3) is provided with a second key groove (32) on the side close to the mounting shaft (1), and when the shaft sleeve (2) and the tapered block (3) are sleeved on the mounting shaft (1), the key bar (111) is inserted into the first key groove (24) and the second key groove (32) at the same time.

8. The easy-to-disassemble coupling of claim 1, wherein: A plurality of pin holes (21) are through-opened on the side of the shaft sleeve (2) away from the tapered groove (25), the shaft center of the pin hole (21) is parallel to the mounting shaft (1), a plurality of pin holes (21) are symmetrically and spacedly arranged about the shaft center of the mounting shaft (1), the mounting shaft (1) comprises a driving shaft (11) and a driven shaft (12), the shaft sleeve (2) on the driving shaft (11) and the shaft sleeve (2) on the driven shaft (12) have the same structure and are oppositely arranged, and a pin bolt (22) is installed in each pin hole (21), and two adjacent shaft sleeves (2) are fixedly connected through the pin bolt (22).

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