Electrostatic separator
By employing a three-layer structure (upper, middle, and lower) and a triboelectric device in the electrostatic separator, combined with charge and gravity grading, the problem of large equipment size has been solved, achieving compact and efficient plastic sorting, suitable for plastic recycling.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423005318.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing electrostatic sorting machines are large in size, not compact enough, and difficult to transport conveniently and occupy a lot of space.
The device adopts a three-layer structure design, utilizing a triboelectric device to charge plastic fragments. Initial separation is achieved through the interaction of positive and negative charges. Combined with gravity grading, the negative electrode blocks attract positively charged fragments. A compact conveying path is designed to reduce the size of the equipment.
It achieves efficient sorting of plastic fragments, improves sorting accuracy and equipment compactness, facilitates transportation and saves space.
Smart Images
Figure CN223788686U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic recycling, in particular to a static separation machine. BACKGROUND
[0002] The principle of the static separation machine is to use the different electrostatic properties of various plastics to achieve separation. The static separation machine can separate plastics of different materials, and is commonly used for separating plastic waste such as ABS / PS / sinking PP / flame-retardant ABS / flame-retardant PS, PET, PVC, PA, PE, and PA. Different plastics are uniformly distributed on the smooth surface of the grounded rotating electrode through the feeding system. The charged plastics exchange with the grounded rotating electrode, and the number of charged plastics with different electrostatic properties will differ. Then the charged plastics fall under the combined action of electrostatic force, gravity, centrifugal force, etc., completing the separation of two different electroplastic materials.
[0003] The principle of the existing separation machine is to rub the mixed plastics of various types by a friction charging device to make the various types of plastics carry corresponding electrical properties, and then separate the plastics with positive or negative poles by a high-voltage electrode with high-voltage positive and negative electrodes and a metal drum electrode to achieve the purpose of separation. However, the existing separation machine generally has the problem of large volume and insufficient compactness. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model aims at providing a static separation machine to solve the problems raised in the background art.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a static separation machine, which comprises a rack, a feeding device, and a conveying device. A separation assembly is arranged on the feeding device. A conveying assembly is arranged on one side of the separation assembly. A material guiding assembly is arranged below the conveying assembly to separate the materials. The separation assembly comprises a friction electrification device, which is arranged on the feeding device. An inlet hopper is arranged at the outlet of the feeding device away from the friction electrification device. A positive corona is arranged on one side of the inlet hopper.
[0006] Further, the conveying assembly comprises a first feeding pipe, which is arranged on one side of the positive corona. A second feeding pipe is arranged below the first feeding pipe. The first feeding pipe and the second feeding pipe are connected to the inlet hopper at one end close to the inlet hopper.
[0007] Further, the pipe body of the first feeding pipe is arranged obliquely. The discharge end of the first feeding pipe is arranged vertically.
[0008] Further, the material guiding assembly comprises two partition plates arranged above the conveying device, and one side of the material guiding assembly is fixedly provided with a negative block.
[0009] Further, the negative block has a trapezoidal shape.
[0010] Further, one side of the negative block is provided with a material containing box arranged on the rack.
[0011] Further, the rack is provided with a fixing frame, and the partition plate is arranged on the fixing frame.
[0012] Further, the conveying device is arranged in an inclined manner, the rack is provided with a mounting frame, and the positive corona is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
[0014] In the utility model, the plastic fragments are divided into two types of conductive and non-conductive. The staff throws the fragments to the feeding device, the conductive fragments are charged through the friction electrification device, the feeding device feeds the fragments to the feeding hopper, the non-charged fragments fall normally, the positively charged fragments are repelled from the positive corona due to the same charge, the lighter fragments fall to the first feeding pipe and then to the conveying device, the heavier fragments are fed to the conveying device through the second feeding pipe under the gravity, the conveying device is inclined, and the fragments of different volumes fall to the material containing box, so that the subsequent processing is facilitated, and the upper, middle and lower three-layer structure makes the whole compact and reasonable, reduces the equipment volume, facilitates transportation and does not occupy space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is a connection structure schematic view of the mounting frame and the positive corona in the utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 It is a connection structure schematic view of the partition plate and the negative block in the utility model.
[0018] In the drawing: 1, rack; 2, feeding device; 3, separation assembly; 301, friction electrification device; 302, feeding hopper; 303, positive corona; 4, conveying assembly; 401, first feeding pipe; 402, second feeding pipe; 5, material guiding assembly; 501, partition plate; 502, negative block; conveying device; 7, material containing box; 8, mounting frame; 9, fixing frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0020] See Figures 1-3 As shown, an electrostatic separator includes a frame 1, a feeding device 2, and a conveying device 6. A separation component 3 is provided on the feeding device 2, a conveying component 4 is provided on one side of the separation component 3, and a separating feeding component 5 is provided below the conveying component 4. The separation component 3 includes a triboelectric device 301, which is provided on the feeding device 2. A feed hopper 302 is provided at the outlet of the feeding device 2 away from the triboelectric device 301, and a positive corona discharge electrode 303 is provided on one side of the feed hopper 302.
[0021] The plastic fragments contain both conductive and non-conductive fragments. Workers place the plastic fragments onto the feeding device 2. Conductive plastic fragments become positively charged after passing through the triboelectric charging device 301. The feeding device 2 then transports the plastic fragments into the feed hopper 302. Uncharged plastic fragments fall normally, while positively charged fragments, when approaching the positive electrode corona 303, repel each other due to the repulsion of like charges. The lighter fragments fall into the first feeding pipe 401 and eventually onto the conveying device 6. Heavier fragments, due to gravity, fall slightly and then pass through the second feeding pipe 402 onto the conveying device 6. The negative electrode block 502 acts as a barrier when the conveying device 6 transports different plastic fragments.
[0022] Taking the triboelectric generator 301 as a standard, the larger the negative electrode block 502 is, the stronger the negative electrode it carries, as it is farther away from the triboelectric generator 301. Due to the principle of attraction between positive and negative charges, the negative electrode block 502 can attract plastic fragments carrying positive charges. Since the conveying device 6 is set at an angle, plastic fragments of different sizes will fall into the inside of the holding box 7. Different processing methods can be adopted for plastic fragments of different sizes according to their characteristics, which provides convenience for subsequent processing. Fragments of different sizes have different charges, which can be sorted better. The above three-layer structure, which is divided into upper, middle and lower layers, is used to install the corresponding structures respectively, making the overall structure more compact and reasonable, thereby reducing the volume of the whole equipment, facilitating transportation and saving space.
[0023] For conductive plastic fragments, a triboelectric charging device 301 is used to charge them. Utilizing the principle that like charges repel each other, the positively charged fragments move away from the positive corona electrode 303, thus achieving preliminary separation of the conductive fragments. This method can accurately distinguish conductive fragments from other fragments based on their charge characteristics, improving the accuracy of sorting.
[0024] Lighter conductive plastic fragments fall into the first feeding pipe 401 and eventually into the conveying device 6, while heavier fragments fall slightly under the influence of gravity and then fall into the conveying device 6 through the second feeding pipe 402. This weight-based sorting can further refine the classification of conductive plastic fragments and provide more targeted raw materials for subsequent processing.
[0025] See Figure 1 The conveying assembly 4 includes a first feeding pipe 401, which is disposed on one side of the positive electrode corona 303. A second feeding pipe 402 is disposed below the first feeding pipe 401. The ends of the first feeding pipe 401 and the second feeding pipe 402 near the feed hopper 302 are connected to the feed hopper 302.
[0026] The conveying assembly 4 consists of a first feeding pipe 401 and a second feeding pipe 402, providing diversified feeding paths and allowing materials to be closer to the electrostatic effect area, which is conducive to rapid sorting under the influence of the positive electrode corona 303.
[0027] See Figures 1-3 The body of the first feeding pipe 401 is inclined, and the discharge end of the first feeding pipe 401 is vertical.
[0028] The first feeding pipe 401 is inclined, which facilitates smoother forward conveying of materials under their own weight. The inclined pipe reduces the risk of material accumulation and blockage inside the pipe, improving the stability and continuity of feeding.
[0029] See Figures 1-3 The feeding assembly 5 includes two partition plates 501, which are disposed above the conveying device 6. A negative electrode block 502 is fixedly installed on one side of the feeding assembly 5.
[0030] The feeding assembly 5 includes two separator plates 501 and is positioned above the conveying device 6. The separator plates 501 guide and separate the plastic fragments. During the conveying process, the material may become scattered and disordered. The separator plates 501 can effectively confine the material to a specific area, ensuring that the material is conveyed along a predetermined path, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the conveying.
[0031] See Figures 1-3 The negative electrode block 502 has a trapezoidal shape.
[0032] The negative electrode block 502 is trapezoidal in shape, and both the partition plate 501 and the negative electrode block 502 are attached to the conveying device 6 and are inclined. When plastic fragments pass through the negative electrode block 502, they are introduced into the material container 7.
[0033] See Figures 1-3A material container 7 is provided on one side of the negative electrode block 502, and the material container 7 is mounted on the frame 1.
[0034] The material container 7 is mounted on the frame 1, ensuring its stability and reliability. The frame 1 typically possesses sufficient strength and stability to withstand the weight of the material container 7 and the material within it, preventing the material container 7 from shaking or shifting during operation.
[0035] See Figure 2 A fixed frame 9 is provided on the frame 1, and a partition plate 501 is installed on the fixed frame 9.
[0036] The separator 501 is mounted on the frame 1 by the fixing bracket 9, which provides stable support for the separator 501. During the operation of the electrostatic separator, the separator 501 needs to maintain a fixed position to ensure the guiding and separating effect on the materials.
[0037] See Figure 3 The conveying device 6 is set at an angle, and the frame 1 is equipped with a mounting bracket 8, on which the positive electrode corona 303 is fixedly installed.
[0038] The conveying device 6 is inclined, allowing the plastic fragments to move forward more smoothly under their own weight. This reduces the need for additional power, lowers energy consumption, and also improves conveying efficiency.
[0039] Working principle: The plastic fragments contain both conductive and non-conductive fragments. When the worker puts the plastic fragments into the feeding device 2, the conductive plastic fragments become positively charged after passing through the triboelectric charging device 301. The feeding device 2 transports the plastic fragments into the feed hopper 302. The uncharged plastic fragments fall normally, while the positively charged plastic fragments, when approaching the positive electrode corona 303, will move away from the positive electrode corona 303 due to the repulsion of like charges. The lighter plastic fragments will fall into the first feeding pipe 401 and finally into the conveying device 6. The heavier ones will fall slightly due to gravity and then fall into the conveying device 6 through the second feeding pipe 402. When the conveying device 6 transports different plastic fragments, the negative electrode block 502 acts as a barrier.
[0040] Taking the triboelectric generator 301 as a standard, the larger the negative electrode block 502 is, the stronger the negative electrode it carries, as it is farther away from the triboelectric generator 301. Due to the principle of attraction between positive and negative charges, the negative electrode block 502 can attract plastic fragments carrying positive charges. Since the conveying device 6 is set at an angle, plastic fragments of different sizes will fall into the inside of the holding box 7. Different processing methods can be adopted for plastic fragments of different sizes according to their characteristics, which provides convenience for subsequent processing. Fragments of different sizes have different charges, which can be sorted better. The above three-layer structure, which is divided into upper, middle and lower layers, is used to install the corresponding structures respectively, making the overall structure more compact and reasonable, thereby reducing the volume of the whole equipment, facilitating transportation and saving space.
[0041] For conductive plastic fragments, a triboelectric charging device 301 is used to charge them. Utilizing the principle that like charges repel each other, the positively charged fragments move away from the positive corona electrode 303, thus achieving preliminary separation of the conductive fragments. This method can accurately distinguish conductive fragments from other fragments based on their charge characteristics, improving the accuracy of sorting.
[0042] Lighter conductive plastic fragments fall into the first feeding pipe 401 and eventually into the conveying device 6, while heavier fragments fall slightly under the influence of gravity and then fall into the conveying device 6 through the second feeding pipe 402. This weight-based sorting can further refine the classification of conductive plastic fragments and provide more targeted raw materials for subsequent processing.
[0043] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An electrostatic sorting machine, comprising a frame (1), a feeding device (2), and a conveying device (6), characterized in that, The feeding device (2) is provided with a separation component (3), and a conveying component (4) is provided on one side of the separation component (3). A separating feeding component (5) is provided below the conveying component (4). The separation component (3) includes a triboelectric device (301). The triboelectric device (301) is provided on the feeding device (2). A feeding hopper (302) is provided at the outlet of the feeding device (2) away from the triboelectric device (301). A positive corona discharge electrode (303) is provided on one side of the feeding hopper (302).
2. The electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (4) includes a first feeding pipe (401), which is disposed on one side of the positive electrode corona (303). A second feeding pipe (402) is disposed below the first feeding pipe (401). The ends of the first feeding pipe (401) and the second feeding pipe (402) near the feed hopper (302) are connected to the feed hopper (302).
3. The electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The body of the first feeding pipe (401) is inclined, and the discharge end of the first feeding pipe (401) is vertical.
4. The electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (5) includes two partition plates (501), which are disposed above the conveying device (6). A negative electrode block (502) is fixedly installed on one side of the feeding assembly (5).
5. An electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The negative electrode block (502) has a trapezoidal shape.
6. The electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A material container (7) is provided on one side of the negative electrode block (502), and the material container (7) is mounted on the frame (1).
7. The electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A fixed frame (9) is provided on the frame (1), and the partition plate (501) is installed on the fixed frame (9).
8. The electrostatic sorting machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying device (6) is inclined, and the frame (1) is provided with a mounting bracket (8), and the positive electrode corona (303) is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket (8).