Bolt forming device and bolt forming system
By coordinating the main mold mechanism and the punching mold mechanism of the bolt forming device, the bolt is formed in one step, which solves the problems of low production efficiency and frequent equipment wear in the existing technology, improves production efficiency and precision, and reduces costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520419186.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing bolt processing methods suffer from low production efficiency, poor precision, and frequent equipment wear, leading to increased costs.
The bolt forming device uses a combination of main mold mechanism and punching die mechanism to form bolt products in one step using cold heading process. The punching tube and punch bar are detachable, so only the worn parts need to be replaced, avoiding the need to replace the entire equipment.
It improved production efficiency and product precision, reduced costs, ensured bolt processing quality, achieved high material utilization, and avoided the additional expenses associated with replacing the entire equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223789484U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of bolt forming technology, and in particular to bolt forming apparatus and bolt forming system. Background Technology
[0002] Bolts are commonly used as fasteners in various industries. For example, in the manufacturing of automobiles, different parts are connected by bolts to enable disassembly and assembly. In related technologies, bolts are generally manufactured using machining methods such as turning and grinding. However, for irregularly shaped bolts, such as those with grooves, this machining method suffers from low production efficiency, poor product precision, and significantly increased material and processing costs. To overcome these problems, some bolt manufacturing methods employ extrusion molding. However, during the extrusion molding process, the extrusion molding equipment is prone to wear, affecting product precision and leading to frequent equipment replacements, thus increasing costs. Utility Model Content
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a bolt forming device and a bolt forming system to address the aforementioned technical problems.
[0004] A bolt forming device, the bolt forming device comprising:
[0005] The main mold mechanism includes a main mold assembly and a through rod. The main mold assembly is provided with a shaping through hole, and the through rod is connected to the main mold assembly and extends into one end of the shaping through hole.
[0006] A punching mechanism, the punching mechanism including a punching assembly, a punch and at least one punch tube, the punch tube being connected to the punching assembly, one end of the punch being connected to the punching assembly, the other end of the punch passing through the punch tube and being detachably connected to the punch tube, the other end of the punch and the punch tube being configured to extend into the other end of the shaping through hole.
[0007] In one embodiment, the shaped through hole includes a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel. One end of the first channel is configured to dock with the punch and the punch tube, and the other end of the first channel communicates with the second channel and the third channel, respectively. The second channel and the third channel are respectively configured to dock with corresponding portions of the through bar.
[0008] In one embodiment, the through rod includes a main body segment, a first extension segment, and a second extension segment, the first extension segment and the second extension segment being connected side-by-side to the main body segment, the first extension segment being configured to engage with the second channel, and the second extension segment being configured to engage with the third channel.
[0009] In one embodiment, the orthographic projections of the first extension and the second extension along the depth direction of the shaped through hole are both located within the orthographic projections of the punch tube and the punch along the depth direction of the shaped through hole.
[0010] In one embodiment, the length of the first extension or the second extension is greater than or equal to the length of the shaped through hole.
[0011] In one embodiment, the main mold assembly includes a main mold body, a main mold core, and a main mold rear pad. The main mold core and the main mold rear pad are respectively connected to the main mold body. The main mold core is provided with the shaping through hole, and the through rod passes through the main mold rear pad.
[0012] In one embodiment, the main mold assembly further includes a support member surrounding the outer periphery of the main mold core and supported between the main mold core and the main mold body.
[0013] In one embodiment, the die assembly includes a die body, a die back pad, and an elastic element. The die back pad and the punch tube are respectively connected to the die body. One end of the punch is connected to the die back pad, and the other end of the punch passes through the punch tube. The elastic element is disposed between the die body and the die back pad. The elastic element is elastically connected to the punch through the die back pad so that the punch can move relative to the punch tube.
[0014] In one embodiment, the die assembly includes a die body, a die back pad, and an ejector pin. The die back pad is connected to the die body, the punch and the ejector tube are both connected to the die back pad, and the ejector pin passes through the die back pad and is located on the side of the ejector tube away from the shaping through hole.
[0015] A bolt forming system, comprising the bolt forming device described in any one of the above claims.
[0016] The aforementioned bolt forming device and bolt forming system, the bolt forming system including the bolt forming device, uses a punch tube and a punch bar to extrude the workpiece. Utilizing the height difference between the punch tube and the punch bar in the vertical direction, irregularly shaped bolts with grooves or protrusions can be formed on the surface of the workpiece. Furthermore, since the punch tube and punch bar are detachably connected, if either the punch tube or the punch bar wears, only the corresponding punch tube or punch bar needs to be replaced, without replacing all die parts, effectively reducing costs and ensuring the processing quality of the bolt products. Therefore, the bolt forming device of this application embodiment utilizes the cooperation of a main die mechanism and a die mechanism to process bolt products using a cold heading process. The resulting bolt products can be formed in one step, achieving cold heading of complex structures without other cutting processing methods. For example, bolts with grooves or protrusions can be formed without additional processing. This results in high production efficiency, product accuracy, and material utilization. Moreover, when the bolt forming device wears, only the corresponding punch tube or punch bar needs to be replaced, avoiding the increased costs associated with replacing the entire equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt forming device according to an embodiment of this application.
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the main mold mechanism.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt forming device according to another embodiment of this application.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt forming system according to an embodiment of this application.
[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the processing flow for medium bolt products.
[0022] Icon labels:
[0023] 1. Bolt forming system;
[0024] 10. Bolt forming device;
[0025] 100. Main mold mechanism; 110. Main mold assembly; 111. Main mold body; 112. Main mold core; 113. Main mold back pad; 114. Support component; 120. Through rod; 121. Main body section; 122. First extension section; 123. Second extension section; 130. Shaping through hole; 131. First channel; 132. Second channel; 133. Third channel;
[0026] 200. Die mechanism; 210. Die assembly; 211. Die body; 212. Die back pad; 213. Elastic element; 214. Ejector bar; 220. Push tube; 230. Punch bar;
[0027] 20. Pre-treatment device;
[0028] 30. Post-processing device;
[0029] 2. Parts to be processed;
[0030] 3. Bolt products. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0033] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0036] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0037] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt forming device 10 in one embodiment of this application is shown. The bolt forming device 10 provided in one embodiment of this application includes a main mold mechanism 100 and a punching mold mechanism 200.
[0038] The main mold mechanism 100 is disposed opposite to the punching die mechanism 200. Exemplarily, the main mold mechanism 100 is disposed below the punching die mechanism 200. The main mold mechanism 100 includes a main mold assembly 110 and a through rod 120. The main mold assembly 110 has a shaped through hole 130 for accommodating the workpiece 2 to be processed. The shape of the shaped through hole 130 can be adapted to the shape of the bolt product 3. Exemplarily, the shaped through hole 130 is disposed vertically, and the depth direction of the shaped through hole 130 is the vertical direction. The bottom end of the through rod 120 passes through the main mold assembly 110, and the top end of the through rod 120 extends into the bottom end of the shaped through hole 130.
[0039] The die mechanism 200 is exemplarily disposed above the main die mechanism 100. The die mechanism 200 moves toward the main die mechanism 100 and presses the workpiece 2 located within the shaping through hole 130, causing the workpiece 2 to be shaped into the required shape of the bolt product 3. Specifically, the die mechanism 200 includes a die assembly 210, a punch tube 220, and a punch 230. The punch tube 220 is connected to the die assembly 210, and the punch 230 passes through the punch tube 220. Exemplarily, there is at least one punch tube 220, and all punch tubes 220 are arranged radially. The punch 230 has a generally elongated rod-like structure. The top end of the punch 230 is connected to the die assembly 210, and the bottom end of the punch 230 extends into the punch tube 220 and is detachably connected to the punch tube 220. The bottom end of the punch 230 and the punch tube 220 are configured to extend into the top end of the shaping through hole 130.
[0040] With the above structural design, when bolts need to be produced, the through rod 120 is inserted into the bottom end of the shaped through hole 130, and the workpiece 2 to be processed is placed in the shaped through hole 130. Then, the punching tube 220 and punch 230 of the punching die mechanism 200 are inserted into the top end of the shaped through hole 130. The punching tube 220 and punch 230 cooperate with the through rod 120 to compress the workpiece 2, thereby causing the workpiece 2 to deform within the shaped through hole 130, and thus the bolt product 3 is gradually formed. During the production process, by pressing the workpiece 2 together with the punching tube 220 and punch 230, the height difference in the vertical direction between the bottom end of the punching tube 220 and the bottom end of the punch 230 can be used to process irregularly shaped bolts with grooves or protrusions on the surface of the workpiece 2. Furthermore, since the punch tube 220 and the punch bar 230 are detachably connected, if either the punch tube 220 or the punch bar 230 is worn, only the corresponding punch tube 220 or punch bar 230 needs to be replaced, without having to replace all the die parts, which effectively reduces costs and helps ensure the processing quality of the bolt product 3.
[0041] Therefore, the bolt forming device 10 of this application embodiment utilizes the cooperation of the main mold mechanism 100 and the punching mechanism 200 to cold-forge bolt products 3. The resulting bolt products 3 can be formed in one step, achieving cold-forging of bolt products 3 with complex structures without the need for other cutting processing methods. For example, bolts with grooves or protrusions can be formed without additional processing, resulting in high production efficiency, product precision, and material utilization. Furthermore, when the bolt forming device 10 wears out, only the corresponding punching tube 220 or punch 230 needs to be replaced, avoiding the problem of increased costs caused by replacing the entire equipment.
[0042] See Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment, the shaped through hole 130 includes a first channel 131, a second channel 132, and a third channel 133. The second channel 132 and the third channel 133 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the first channel 131 is located above the second channel 132 and the third channel 133. Specifically, the top end of the first channel 131 is configured to dock with the punch 230 and the punch tube 220, and the bottom end of the first channel 131 communicates with the second channel 132 and the third channel 133, respectively. The second channel 132 and the third channel 133 are respectively configured to dock with corresponding portions of the through rod 120. Based on the structural design of the through hole 130 in this embodiment, when the workpiece 2 is extruded and formed in the through hole 130, the material of the workpiece 2 will flow and fill the first channel 131, the second channel 132 and the third channel 133. Since the second channel 132 and the third channel 133 are spaced apart, the part between the second channel 132 and the third channel 133 can be used to process a bolt with a groove to meet the processing requirements of the irregular bolt with a groove.
[0043] Accordingly, please continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the through rod 120 includes a main body segment 121, a first extension segment 122, and a second extension segment 123. The first extension segment 122 and the second extension segment 123 are arranged side by side and connected to the top end of the main body segment 121. The first extension segment 122 is configured to mate with the second channel 132, and the second extension segment 123 is configured to mate with the third channel 133. Specifically, the first extension segment 122 extends into the bottom of the second channel 132, and the second extension segment 123 extends into the bottom of the third channel 133, so that the bottoms of both the second channel 132 and the third channel 133 are blocked. This allows the material in the second channel 132 and the third channel 133 to be supported respectively, facilitating the processing of bolts that meet the requirements into the second channel 132 and the third channel 133.
[0044] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the orthographic projections of the first extension 122 and the second extension 123 along the depth direction of the shaping through hole 130 are both located within the orthographic projections of the punch tube 220 and the punch 230 along the depth direction of the shaping through hole 130. Thus, the first extension 122 and the second extension 123 are vertically positioned directly below the punch tube 220 and the punch 230, which facilitates the relative pressing of the workpiece 2 by the first extension 122 and the second extension 123 of the through rod 120 against the punch tube 220 and the punch 230, thereby improving processing efficiency.
[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment, the length of the first extension 122 or the second extension 123 is greater than or equal to the length of the shaping through hole 130. Therefore, after the workpiece 2 within the shaping through hole 130 has been processed, the control die mechanism 200 moves away from above the main die mechanism 100, and then the through rod 120 is pushed upwards, causing the top of the first extension 122 or the second extension 123 of the through rod 120 to push the processed workpiece out of the shaping through hole 130, facilitating the removal of the processed workpiece.
[0046] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the main mold assembly 110 includes a main mold body 111, a main mold core 112, and a main mold rear pad 113. The main mold core 112 and the main mold rear pad 113 are respectively connected to the main mold body 111. The main mold core 112 is provided with a shaping through hole 130, and a through rod 120 passes through the main mold rear pad 113. Specifically, the main mold rear pad 113 is located at the bottom of the main mold body 111, the bottom end of the through rod 120 passes through the main mold rear pad 113, and the top end of the through rod 120 is inserted into the shaping through hole 130 to facilitate the upward ejection of the processed product using the through rod 120. Exemplarily, the main mold core 112 can be a tungsten carbide mold core, and the main mold core 112 is located inside the main mold body 111. Since the through hole 130 is located inside the main mold core 112, the main mold core 112 with different shaped through holes 130 can be replaced according to the different shapes of bolt products 3, so as to improve the adaptability of the main mold assembly 110.
[0047] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the main mold assembly 110 also includes a support member 114, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the main mold core 112 and is supported between the main mold core 112 and the main mold body 111. The support member 114 can improve the support strength of the main mold core 112, improve processing stability, and ensure the smooth forming of the bolt product 3.
[0048] In one embodiment, the die assembly 210 includes a die body 211, a die back pad 212, and an elastic element 213. The die back pad 212 and the punch tube 220 are respectively connected to the die body 211. One end of the punch 230 is connected to the die back pad 212, and the other end of the punch 230 passes through the punch tube 220. The elastic element 213 is disposed between the die body 211 and the die back pad 212. The elastic element 213 is elastically connected to the punch 230 through the die back pad 212 so that the punch 230 can move relative to the punch tube 220. For example, the elastic element 213 can be a spring. When the punch tube 220 and the punch bar 230 move downward and press the workpiece 2, the workpiece 2 will also press the bottom end of the punch bar 230 upward. At this time, under the elastic action of the elastic element 213, the punch bar 230 can move upward, thereby forming a groove structure between the bottom end of the punch bar 230 and the bottom end of the punch tube 220, so as to process a bolt with a protrusion to meet the processing requirements of irregular bolts with protrusions.
[0049] See Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the die assembly 210 includes a die body 211, a die back pad 212, and an ejector pin 214. The die back pad 212 is connected to the die body 211. The punch 230 and the ejector tube 220 are both connected to the die back pad 212. The ejector pin 214 passes through the die back pad 212 and is located on the side of the ejector tube 220 away from the shaping through hole 130. Specifically, the die back pad 212 is disposed on the top of the die body 211. The top ends of the punch 230 and the ejector tube 220 abut against the die back pad 212, and the bottom ends of the punch 230 and the ejector tube 220 are inserted into the shaping through hole 130. Exemplarily, the die back pad 212 can be two layers to provide support for the punch 230 and the ejector tube 220 respectively. Furthermore, the number of ejector pins 214 can be multiple, for example, three, and the multiple ejector pins 214 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the punch 230. Therefore, after the workpiece 2 in the through hole 130 is processed, the top of the workpiece 2 may get stuck in the groove or protrusion formed by the connection between the bottom end of the punch 230 and the punch tube 220. At this time, the push rod 214 can be pushed down to cooperate with the punch tube 220 to push off the workpiece located at the bottom end of the punch 230 and the punch tube 220, which is convenient to operate.
[0050] See Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt forming system 1 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The bolt forming system 1 provided in this embodiment includes the bolt forming device 10 of any of the above embodiments. It should be understood that the bolt forming system 1 may include multiple bolt forming devices 10 with different structures to meet different processing requirements. Exemplarily, in some embodiments, the bolt forming system 1 includes a pre-processing device 20, a bolt forming device 10, and a post-processing device 30. The pre-processing device 20, the bolt forming device 10, and the post-processing device 30 can be used to cold-forge high-strength multi-step bolts with U-groove flat positioning for automotive applications. The processing flow is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.
[0051] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the processing flow includes: (1) Cutting: This process cuts the wire into the required length of the workpiece 2; (2) Chamfering: Removes the burrs at both ends of the workpiece 2 to make the flow pattern at the opening shrink inward; (3) Strengthening: This process makes the diameter of the workpiece 2 after forming significantly different from the diameter before forming; (4) Upsetting + fixing the flat hole: This process upsets the head of the workpiece 2 and fixes the flat hole to guide the subsequent U-shaped flat groove, so that the internal flow pattern flows reasonably; (5) Strengthening the U-shaped flat groove: This process forms the U-shaped flat groove size, and the bolt forming device 10 can generate reasonable flow patterns, and the product strength is reliable; (6) Strengthening the flat: This process forms the flat step, and the bolt forming device 10 can generate reasonable flow patterns; (7) Chamfering: This process is the final process, forming the head bevel angle, and fine punching the dimensions of each part to make the product meet the requirements of size, form and position tolerance, etc., and obtains the high-strength multi-step bolt with U-shaped groove flat positioning for automobiles.
[0052] The bolt forming system 1 of this application embodiment can cold-forge high-strength multi-step bolts with U-groove flat positioning. For example, it adopts a cold-forging scheme of strong binding, flattening, extrusion, upsetting, and forming, so that the bolt is formed in one step and the flow pattern is smooth. It can achieve cold-forging of high-strength multi-step bolts with U-groove flat positioning without the need for other cutting processing methods, which effectively saves processing costs. The mold cost is invested once, reducing costs, and can also improve production efficiency, product accuracy and strength.
[0053] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0054] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A bolt forming device, characterized in that, The bolt forming device includes: The main mold mechanism includes a main mold assembly and a through rod. The main mold assembly is provided with a shaping through hole, and the through rod is connected to the main mold assembly and extends into one end of the shaping through hole. A punching mechanism, the punching mechanism including a punching assembly, a punch and at least one punch tube, the punch tube being connected to the punching assembly, one end of the punch being connected to the punching assembly, the other end of the punch passing through the punch tube and being detachably connected to the punch tube, the other end of the punch and the punch tube being configured to extend into the other end of the shaping through hole.
2. The bolt forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaped through hole includes a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel. One end of the first channel is configured to connect with the punch and the punch tube, and the other end of the first channel is connected to the second channel and the third channel, respectively. The second channel and the third channel are respectively configured to connect with corresponding parts of the through bar.
3. The bolt forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The through rod includes a main body segment, a first extension segment, and a second extension segment. The first extension segment and the second extension segment are connected side by side to the main body segment. The first extension segment is configured to dock with the second channel, and the second extension segment is configured to dock with the third channel.
4. The bolt forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projections of the first extension segment and the second extension segment along the depth direction of the shaped through hole are both located within the orthographic projections of the punch tube and the punch bar along the depth direction of the shaped through hole.
5. The bolt forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the first extension segment or the second extension segment is greater than or equal to the length of the shaped through hole.
6. The bolt forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main mold assembly includes a main mold body, a main mold core, and a main mold rear pad. The main mold core and the main mold rear pad are respectively connected to the main mold body. The main mold core is provided with the shaping through hole, and the through rod passes through the main mold rear pad.
7. The bolt forming device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main mold assembly also includes a support member, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the main mold core and is supported between the main mold core and the main mold body.
8. The bolt forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The die assembly includes a die body, a die back pad, and an elastic element. The die back pad and the punch tube are respectively connected to the die body. One end of the punch is connected to the die back pad, and the other end of the punch passes through the punch tube. The elastic element is disposed between the die body and the die back pad. The elastic element is elastically connected to the punch through the die back pad so that the punch can move relative to the punch tube.
9. The bolt forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The die assembly includes a die body, a die back pad, and an ejector pin. The die back pad is connected to the die body. The punch and the ejector tube are both connected to the die back pad. The ejector pin passes through the die back pad and is located on the side of the ejector tube away from the shaping through hole.
10. A bolt forming system, characterized in that, Includes the bolt forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9.