Turn-milling combined machining center suitable for special-shaped polyhedrons

Abstract

The turning and milling combined machining center comprises a base, a saddle and a stand column are installed on the upper surface of the base, the saddle is connected to the base in a sliding mode, and the stand column is fixedly connected to the base; an index plate is connected to the saddle guide rail sliding block in a sliding mode, and a part to be machined is fixed to the index plate. A spindle box is connected to the surface of the stand column in a sliding mode, a horizontal spindle and a boring lathe head are installed on the spindle box, a boring tool apron is installed on the boring lathe head, and a horizontal spindle tool magazine is installed on the stand column. The machining efficiency, the operation convenience and the production continuity of the equipment are comprehensively improved, the equipment can complete the whole-sequence process of turning, milling, drilling and tapping and the like on irregular polyhedron-shaped parts through one-time clamping, frequent discharging, feeding or replacing procedures are not needed, connection errors among stages in the traditional machining process are avoided, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the machining precision and the production efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical parts processing equipment, and in particular to a milling and turning composite machining center suitable for irregularly shaped polyhedrons. Background Technology

[0002] Valves are control components in fluid transport systems. Engine housings and gearbox housings are core components of transmission systems in aerospace and engineering machinery. Valves have wide applications in both industrial and civilian sectors. Housing components have extensive applications in machinery manufacturing, the automotive industry, and aerospace. The machining technology for these parts mainly includes milling, turning, boring, drilling, and tapping. These processes typically require multiple machines and tooling fixtures to complete. This traditional machining method necessitates multiple clamping and positioning of the workpiece between different machines, increasing the complexity of manual operation and leading to low machining efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing machining accuracy. Especially for complex and irregular housing components, existing machine tools have certain limitations in high-precision, integrated machining.

[0003] In actual production, this model has several drawbacks: First, frequent loading, unloading, and re-clamping between processes can easily lead to decreased processing accuracy due to repeated positioning errors. Second, the connection between equipment requires additional time and manual intervention, severely restricting processing efficiency. Third, the complex equipment layout and large space occupation make it unsuitable for the high integration and flexibility requirements of modern production. Furthermore, traditional equipment often lacks effective linkage control and processing continuity during multi-process transitions, resulting in increased production costs, reduced efficiency, and an inability to meet the stability and consistency requirements of high-precision product processing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems in the background art and to propose a machining center suitable for milling and turning of irregularly shaped polyhedrons.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A milling and turning machining center suitable for irregularly shaped polyhedrons includes:

[0007] A base, wherein a saddle and a column are mounted on the upper surface of the base, and the saddle is slidably connected to the base, and the column is fixedly connected to the base.

[0008] An indexing plate is slidably connected to the saddle guide rail slider, and a processing part is fixed on the indexing plate;

[0009] A spindle box is slidably connected to the surface of the column. A horizontal spindle and a boring head are mounted on the spindle box. A boring tool holder is mounted on the boring head. A horizontal spindle tool magazine is mounted on the column.

[0010] Preferably, the column surface is vertically installed with a Y-axis ball screw, and the nut of the Y-axis ball screw is connected to the spindle box, and the upper end of the Y-axis ball screw is installed with a Y-axis servo motor, and the Y-axis servo motor is installed on the column.

[0011] Preferably, the column surface is vertically installed with a Y-axis ball screw, and the nut of the Y-axis ball screw is connected to the spindle box, and the upper end of the Y-axis ball screw is installed with a Y-axis servo motor, and the Y-axis servo motor is installed on the column.

[0012] Preferably, the base is installed with a plurality of Z-axis linear guides, and each Z-axis linear guide is slidably connected with a limiting slide block, and the limiting slide block is fixedly connected to the saddle.

[0013] Preferably, the base is installed with a Z-axis servo motor, and the output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor is installed with a Z-axis ball screw, and the nut of the Z-axis ball screw is connected to the saddle.

[0014] Preferably, the upper surface of the saddle is installed with a plurality of X-axis linear guides, and each X-axis linear guide is slidably connected with a slide plate, and the slide plate is connected to the index plate.

[0015] Preferably, the saddle is installed with an X-axis servo motor, and the output shaft of the X-axis servo motor is installed with an X-axis ball screw, and the nut of the X-axis ball screw is connected to the index plate.

[0016] Preferably, the boring and turning head comprises a faceplate, the boring tool holder is installed on the boring and turning head through the faceplate, the faceplate is installed with a boring tool rod, the boring and turning head is externally installed with a U-axis servo motor, and the U-axis servo motor controls the boring tool holder to perform a variable-diameter movement.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the boring and turning head has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The turning, milling, drilling and tapping of the polyhedron are completed by one-time clamping, the repeated positioning errors caused by the multiple clamping and repositioning of the workpiece in the traditional machining are avoided, the linear guides and ball screws of high precision are adopted for each shaft, and the high-performance servo motor is used, such as the cooperation of the multiple linear guides and ball screws for the Y-axis, to ensure the stability and high precision of the movement of the spindle box, so that the movement track deviation of the tool in the machining process is extremely small, and the machining precision is further ensured.

[0019] 2. Integrating multiple processing steps into one machine eliminates the need for frequent material loading, unloading, or process changes, saving significant auxiliary time. The multi-axis linkage of the X, Y, and Z axes and the indexing plate allows for quick and flexible adjustment of processing positions and angles, enabling the processing of complex shapes. Combined with the precise control of the CNC system, it can quickly respond to different processing tasks, significantly shortening processing time.

[0020] 3. Before machining, the operator only needs to clamp the workpiece on the indexing plate and then input the machining program through the CNC system. The equipment can then automatically complete all subsequent machining operations, reducing the skill requirements for the operator and minimizing human error. The CNC system can monitor the equipment's operating status in real time and automatically adjust the machining path and process parameters to ensure the stability and reliability of the machining process. For example, if tool wear is detected during machining, the system can automatically compensate for tool path wear to ensure machining accuracy.

[0021] 4. Unique structural design, especially the indexing plate which can rotate 360 ​​degrees and can be replaced with a five-axis cradle with an angled tilt, enables all-round processing of various irregular polyhedral parts, meeting the processing needs of complex parts in different industries. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a milling and turning machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons proposed in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This utility model provides a front view of a milling and turning machining center suitable for irregularly shaped polyhedrons.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the rotary table structure of a milling and turning center for irregularly shaped polyhedrals proposed in this utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another indexing plate proposed by this utility model for a milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Saddle, 3. Slide plate, 4. Column, 5. Spindle box, 6. X-axis linear guide, 7. Z-axis linear guide, 8. Y-axis linear guide, 9. X-axis servo motor, 10. Z-axis servo motor, 11. Y-axis servo motor, 12. Horizontal spindle, 13. Boring head, 14. Boring tool holder, 15. Indexing plate, 16. Horizontal spindle tool magazine, 17. U-axis servo motor, 18. Machining parts, 19. X-axis ball screw, 20. Y-axis ball screw, 21. Z-axis ball screw, 22. Flatbed, 23. Boring tool holder. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments.

[0028] With reference to Figures 1-4 A kind of be suitable for special-shaped polyhedral car milling composite machining center, comprising:

[0029] Base 1, saddle 2 and column 4 are installed on the upper surface of base 1, and saddle 2 is slidably connected on base 1, and column 4 is fixedly connected on base 1;

[0030] Main shaft box 5 is slidably connected on the surface of column 4, a plurality of Y-axis linear guides 8 are installed on the surface of column 4, a moving slider is slidably connected on each Y-axis linear guide 8, and the moving slider is fixedly connected on main shaft box 5, Y-axis ball screw 20 is vertically installed on the surface of column 4, and the nut of Y-axis ball screw 20 is connected on main shaft box 5, Y-axis servo motor 11 is installed on the upper end of Y-axis ball screw 20, and Y-axis servo motor 11 is installed on column 4.Y-axis ball screw 20 is vertically installed on the surface of column 4, and the nut thereof is connected on main shaft box 5, and Y-axis servo motor 11 is installed on the upper end of Y-axis ball screw 20.When Y-axis servo motor 11 operates, Y-axis ball screw 20 is driven to rotate, so that main shaft box 5 moves up and down along Y-axis linear guide 8 in a straight line.Meanwhile, there are a plurality of Y-axis linear guides 8 on the surface of column 4, and the moving slider on each guide is fixedly connected on main shaft box 5, to ensure the stability and high precision of the movement of main shaft box 5.The Y-axis movement of main shaft box 5 enables horizontal spindle 12 and boring head 13 installed thereon to be accurately positioned in Y-axis direction.

[0031] A plurality of Z-axis linear guides 7 are installed on base 1, a limiting slider is slidably connected on each Z-axis linear guide 7, and the limiting slider is fixedly connected on saddle 2, Z-axis servo motor 10 is installed on base 1, Z-axis ball screw 21 is installed on the output shaft of Z-axis servo motor 10, and the nut of Z-axis ball screw 21 is connected on saddle 2.Z-axis servo motor 10 is installed on base 1, and Z-axis ball screw 21 is installed on the output shaft thereof, and the nut of Z-axis ball screw 21 is connected on saddle 2.When Z-axis servo motor 10 operates, Z-axis ball screw 21 is driven to rotate, thereby driving saddle 2 to move forward and backward (in Y-axis direction) along Z-axis linear guide 7 in a straight line.A plurality of Z-axis linear guides 7 are installed on base 1, and the limiting slider on each guide is fixedly connected on saddle 2, to ensure the stability and accuracy of the movement of saddle 2.A plurality of Z-axis linear guides 7 are installed on base 1, and saddle 2 is slidably connected on these guides through limiting sliders, to realize the forward and backward movement of saddle 2 in Z-axis direction.This movement in Z-axis direction provides a basis for realizing complex machining path by cooperating with other axes subsequently.

[0032] The saddle 2 is slidably connected with a dividing disc 15, and the dividing disc 15 is fixed with a machined part 18; the upper surface of the saddle 2 is provided with a plurality of X-axis linear guides 6, and each X-axis linear guide 6 is slidably connected with a slide plate 3, and the slide plate 3 is connected with the dividing disc 15; the saddle 2 is provided with an X-axis servo motor 9, and the output shaft of the X-axis servo motor 9 is provided with an X-axis ball screw 19, and the nut of the X-axis ball screw 19 is connected with the dividing disc 15. When the X-axis servo motor 9 is started, the motor rotates to drive the X-axis ball screw 19 to rotate, and since the nut of the X-axis ball screw 19 is connected with the dividing disc 15, according to the screw-nut transmission principle, the rotary motion of the screw is converted into the linear motion of the dividing disc 15 along the X-axis linear guide 6, so as to realize the left and right movement of the dividing disc 15 in the X-axis direction, thereby adjusting the position of the machined part 18 in the direction, and meeting different machining requirements.

[0033] The spindle box 5 is provided with a horizontal spindle 12 and a boring-lathe head 13, the boring-lathe head 13 is provided with a boring-tool holder 14, the column 4 is provided with a horizontal spindle tool magazine 16, the boring-lathe head 13 comprises a flat rotary disc 22, the boring-tool holder 14 is installed on the boring-lathe head 13 through the flat rotary disc 22, the flat rotary disc 22 is provided with a boring-tool rod 23, the boring-lathe head 13 is provided with a U-axis servo motor 17 outside, and the U-axis servo motor 17 controls the boring-tool holder 14 to perform a variable-diameter motion.

[0034] The horizontal spindle 12 on the spindle box 5 is driven by a driving motor, when milling machining is needed, the machined part 18 is first adjusted to a suitable machining position through the movement in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, then the horizontal spindle 12 is started to rotate at a high speed, different milling cutters can be installed on the horizontal spindle 12 according to machining requirements, the linkage of the axes is controlled through a numerical control system, so that the milling cutter performs milling surface machining and other operations on the part 18 according to a preset path. For example, when a certain plane of the part is milled, the displacement of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis is controlled, so that the milling cutter cuts along the contour of the plane to realize accurate milling machining.

[0035] When boring-lathe machining is performed, the machining position of the machined part 18 is accurately moved to the machining position of the boring-lathe head 13 through the cooperative movement of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. The boring-tool holder 14 on the boring-lathe head 13 is provided with different types of boring-lathe tools, and the boring-lathe head 13 is driven by a driving motor to start rotating.

[0036] The three-way valve to be machined is laid on the index plate 15 and fixed firmly by a tool clamp, then the X-axis servo motor 9 drags the index plate to the right side of the boring-lathe head 13, the index plate 15 rotates to one flange end face of the three-way valve parallel to the face of the boring-lathe head 13 and stops, the Y-axis servo motor 11 drags the index plate 15 on the saddle 2 to approach the boring-lathe head, when the valve end face on the index plate 15 approaches the cutting-in point of the lathe tool, the boring tool rod 23 on the boring tool holder 14 driven by the front rotary plate 22 of the boring-lathe head 13 starts to rotate, the boring tool holder 14 on the front rotary plate 22 of the boring-lathe head 13 is controlled by the U-axis servo motor 17 to make variable-diameter movement, under the action of the CNC controller program, the end face, inner hole, outer circle and end face stop of the valve are turned (or the index plate 15 is replaced by a rotatable and tiltable angle cradle five-axis (such as shown in Figure 4 The six-axis five-linkage turning-milling compound can be realized.

[0037] Polyhedral machining: the index plate 15 can make 360-degree rotary movement. When machining a special-shaped polyhedral part, through the rotation of the index plate 15, different faces of the part can be adjusted to suitable machining positions in turn, cooperating with the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis and the machining operation of the horizontal main shaft 12 and the boring-lathe head 13, the continuous machining of multiple faces of the polyhedral part can be realized. For example, after the milling machining of one face of the part is completed, the index plate 15 is rotated by a certain angle to adjust another face of the part to a machining position, then the milling, boring or other machining operations are continued, without re-clamping the part, the machining efficiency and precision are greatly improved.

[0038] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A milling and turning machining center suitable for irregularly shaped polyhedrons, characterized in that: include: A base (1) is provided with a saddle (2) and a column (4) mounted on its upper surface. The saddle (2) is slidably connected to the base (1), and the column (4) is fixedly connected to the base (1). The saddle (2) has an indexing plate (15) slidably connected to the guide rail slider, and the indexing plate (15) has a machined part (18) fixed on it. A spindle box (5) is slidably connected to the surface of the column (4). A horizontal spindle (12) and a boring head (13) are installed on the spindle box (5). A boring tool holder (14) is installed on the boring head (13). A horizontal spindle tool magazine (16) is installed on the column (4).

2. The milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (4) is equipped with multiple Y-axis linear guides (8), and each Y-axis linear guide (8) is slidably connected to a movable slider, which is fixedly connected to the spindle box (5).

3. A milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Y-axis ball screw (20) is vertically mounted on the surface of the column (4), and the nut of the Y-axis ball screw (20) is connected to the spindle box (5). A Y-axis servo motor (11) is mounted on the upper end of the Y-axis ball screw (20), and the Y-axis servo motor (11) is mounted on the column (4).

4. A milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple Z-axis linear guides (7) are installed on the base (1), and each Z-axis linear guide (7) is slidably connected to a limit slider, which is fixedly connected to the saddle (2).

5. A milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Z-axis servo motor (10) is mounted on the base (1), and a Z-axis ball screw (21) is mounted on the output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor (10), with the nut of the Z-axis ball screw (21) connected to the saddle (2).

6. A milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the saddle (2) is equipped with multiple X-axis linear guides (6), and each X-axis linear guide (6) is slidably connected to a slide plate (3), which is connected to the indexing plate (15).

7. A milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-axis servo motor (9) is mounted on the saddle (2), and an X-axis ball screw (19) is mounted on the output shaft of the X-axis servo motor (9), with the nut of the X-axis ball screw (19) connected to the indexing plate (15).

8. A milling and turning composite machining center for irregularly shaped polyhedrons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boring head (13) includes a rotary table (22), and the boring tool holder (14) is mounted on the boring head (13) via the rotary table (22). A boring tool bar (23) is mounted on the rotary table (22). A U-axis servo motor (17) is mounted outside the boring head (13), and the U-axis servo motor (17) controls the boring tool holder (14) to perform diameter-changing movements.

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