Peripheral propulsion system for carrier

Abstract

A peripheral propulsion system comprises a propulsion unit (3), an upper section (36) and a lower section (37). The propulsion unit (3) comprises an engine (31), an engine engagement portion (34), an extension portion (32) connected to the engine engagement portion (34), and two or more rotor blades (33) connected to the extension portion (32). The extension (32) is located between the upper section (36) and the lower section (37). The output section (22) is disposed about at least a portion of the lower section (37) and the two or more rotor blades (33) are located outside the periphery of the vehicle (7). When the engine (31) operates, the two or more rotor blades (33) can suck fluid from the periphery of the carrier (7) and flow through the discharge section (22).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model generally relates to a propulsion system. Utility Model Content

[0002] This utility model provides a peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle, characterized in that the peripheral propulsion system includes: a propulsion unit, wherein the propulsion unit includes: an engine; an engine engagement section; an extension connected to the engine engagement section; and two or more rotor blades connected to the extension; an upper section and a lower section, wherein the extension is located between the upper section and the lower section; and a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section; wherein the two or more rotor blades are located outside the periphery of the vehicle; and when the engine is running, the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid from the periphery of the vehicle and allowing it to flow through the discharge section.

[0003] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes an intake section disposed around at least a portion of the upper section; the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing the fluid from the periphery of the vehicle into the intake section and out of the discharge section.

[0004] In some embodiments, preferably, the peripheral propulsion system is used to guide fluid entering the intake section to a substantially vertical flow direction and then exit the intake section at a first angle; and to guide fluid entering the discharge section at a second angle to a vertical flow direction and exit the discharge section.

[0005] In some embodiments, preferably, the fluid flowing out of the suction section at the first angle is inclined along the direction of rotation of the one or more rotor blades.

[0006] In some embodiments, preferably, the inhalation section includes one or more inhalation blades.

[0007] In some embodiments, preferably, each inhalation blade includes an inhalation tail inlet edge and an inhalation tail outlet edge; the inhalation tail inlet edge has an inhalation tail inlet edge tangent, and the inhalation tail outlet edge has an inhalation tail outlet edge tangent; and each inhalation blade has an effective length.

[0008] In some embodiments, preferably, the inlet of the suction tail is at approximately 90 degrees along the tangent, or the outlet of the suction tail is at approximately 45 degrees along the tangent, or a combination of both.

[0009] In some embodiments, preferably, each inhalation blade further includes a front inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the front inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

[0010] In some embodiments, preferably, the discharge section includes one or more discharge blades.

[0011] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes an intake section comprising one or more intake blades, the intake blades and the discharge blades, wherein the intake blades and the discharge blades are arranged in a mirror image.

[0012] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the discharge blades include a discharge blade orientation element.

[0013] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the discharge blades include a discharge blade orientation element located on the leading edge or trailing edge of the discharge blade or both.

[0014] In some embodiments, preferably, each discharge blade includes a tail inlet edge and a tail outlet edge; the tail inlet edge has a tail inlet edge tangent, and the tail outlet edge has a tail outlet edge tangent; and each discharge blade has an effective length.

[0015] In some embodiments, preferably, the tail inlet is at approximately 45 degrees along the tangent, or the tail outlet is at approximately 90 degrees along the tangent, or a combination of both.

[0016] In some embodiments, preferably, each blade further includes a front inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the front inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

[0017] In some embodiments, preferably, the discharge section includes three or more discharge throttling elements; and each discharge throttling element is used to selectively limit the fluid flow between two throttling blades.

[0018] In some embodiments, preferably, at least one of the two throttling blades includes a throttling blade orientation element.

[0019] In some embodiments, preferably, each discharge throttling element is capable of limiting approximately 100% of the fluid flow between the two throttling vanes.

[0020] In some embodiments, preferably, the discharge section includes three or more throttling blade directional elements.

[0021] In some embodiments, preferably, the extension includes a disk, and two or more rotor blades are connected to the periphery of the disk.

[0022] In some embodiments, preferably, the extension includes two or more spokes, and the end of each spoke is connected to at least one rotor blade from the two or more rotor blades.

[0023] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is the stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section is the outer rotor of the electric motor.

[0024] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section and the engine form an air gap.

[0025] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section is integrally disposed with the extension.

[0026] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is located between the upper section and the lower section.

[0027] In some embodiments, preferably, the system further includes an upper bearing located between the upper section and the engine engagement section, and a lower bearing located between the lower section and the engine engagement section.

[0028] In some embodiments, preferably, the upper bearing carries part or all of the weight of the upper section.

[0029] In some embodiments, preferably, both the upper and lower bearings are composed of balls.

[0030] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section has an upper ball groove and a lower ball groove, the upper section has an upper groove, and the lower section has a lower groove; and the balls are located in the space enclosed between the upper ball groove and the upper groove and between the lower ball groove and the lower groove.

[0031] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is located within the upper or lower section, and the engine engagement section extends outward from the engine.

[0032] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the two or more rotor blades include rotor blade orientation elements.

[0033] In some embodiments, preferably, the discharge section includes one or more discharge section orientation elements.

[0034] In some embodiments, preferably, the vehicle may be one of a vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, a fixed-wing aircraft, a ship, a submersible, and a high-speed transportation vehicle using a vacuum tube.

[0035] In some embodiments, preferably, the two or more rotor blades, the extension, and the engine engagement section are integrally formed.

[0036] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is an electric motor.

[0037] In some embodiments, preferably, the peripheral propulsion system further includes a parachute attached above the propulsion unit.

[0038] In some embodiments, preferably, the peripheral propulsion system further includes a parachute attached to the vehicle.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present invention, a peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle is provided, characterized in that the peripheral propulsion system comprises: a propulsion unit, wherein the propulsion unit comprises: an engine; an engine engagement section; an extension connected to the engine engagement section; and two or more rotor blades connected to the extension; and an upper section and a lower section, wherein the extension is located between the upper section and the lower section; wherein the size of the extension is configured such that the two or more blades are located outside the periphery of the vehicle.

[0040] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, an intake section disposed around at least a portion of the upper section; and the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid from the periphery of the vehicle into the intake section and discharging it from the discharge section.

[0041] In some embodiments, preferably, the peripheral propulsion system is used to guide fluid into the intake section in a generally vertical direction and then out of the intake section at a first angle; the fluid enters the discharge section at a second angle and then out of the discharge section in a vertical direction.

[0042] In some embodiments, preferably, the fluid flowing out of the suction section at the first angle is inclined along the direction of rotation of the one or more rotor blades.

[0043] In some embodiments, preferably, the inhalation section includes one or more inhalation blades.

[0044] In some embodiments, preferably, each inhalation blade includes an inhalation tail inlet edge and an inhalation tail outlet edge; the inhalation tail inlet edge has an inhalation tail inlet edge tangent, and the inhalation tail outlet edge has an inhalation tail outlet edge tangent; and each inhalation blade has an effective length.

[0045] In some embodiments, preferably, the inlet of the suction tail is at approximately 90 degrees along the tangent, or the outlet of the suction tail is at approximately 45 degrees along the tangent, or a combination of both.

[0046] In some embodiments, preferably, each blade further includes a front inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the front inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

[0047] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, and the discharge section includes one or more discharge blades.

[0048] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes an intake section comprising one or more intake blades, the intake blades and the discharge blades, wherein the intake blades and the discharge blades are arranged in a mirror image.

[0049] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the discharge blades include a discharge blade orientation element.

[0050] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the discharge blades include a discharge blade orientation element located on the leading edge or trailing edge of the discharge blade or both.

[0051] In some embodiments, preferably, each discharge blade includes a tail inlet edge and a tail outlet edge; the tail inlet edge has a tail inlet edge tangent, and the tail outlet edge has a tail outlet edge tangent; and each discharge blade has an effective length.

[0052] In some embodiments, preferably, the tail inlet is at approximately 45 degrees along the tangent, or the tail outlet is at approximately 90 degrees along the tangent, or a combination thereof.

[0053] In some embodiments, preferably, each blade further includes a front inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the front inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

[0054] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, the discharge section including three or more discharge throttling elements; and each discharge throttling element is used to selectively limit the fluid flow between two throttling blades.

[0055] In some embodiments, preferably, at least one of the two throttling blades includes a throttling blade orientation element.

[0056] In some embodiments, preferably, each discharge throttling element is capable of limiting approximately 100% of the fluid flow between the two throttling vanes.

[0057] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, the discharge section including three or more throttling blade directional elements.

[0058] In some embodiments, preferably, the extension includes a disk, and two or more rotor blades are connected to the periphery of the disk.

[0059] In some embodiments, preferably, the extension includes two or more spokes, and the end of each spoke is connected to at least one rotor blade from the two or more rotor blades.

[0060] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is the stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section is the outer rotor of the electric motor.

[0061] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section and the engine form an air gap.

[0062] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section is integrally disposed with the extension.

[0063] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is located between the upper section and the lower section.

[0064] In some embodiments, preferably, the system further includes an upper bearing located between the upper section and the engine engagement section, and a lower bearing located between the lower section and the engine engagement section.

[0065] In some embodiments, preferably, the upper bearing carries part or all of the weight of the upper section.

[0066] In some embodiments, preferably, both the upper and lower bearings are composed of balls.

[0067] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section has an upper ball groove and a lower ball groove, the upper section has an upper groove, and the lower section has a lower groove; and the balls are located in the space enclosed between the upper ball groove and the upper groove and between the lower ball groove and the lower groove.

[0068] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is located within the upper or lower section, and the engine engagement section extends outward from the engine.

[0069] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the two or more rotor blades include rotor blade orientation elements.

[0070] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, the discharge section including a discharge section orientation element.

[0071] In some embodiments, preferably, the vehicle may be one of a vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, a fixed-wing aircraft, a ship, a submersible, and a high-speed transportation vehicle using a vacuum tube.

[0072] In some embodiments, preferably, the two or more rotor blades, the extension, and the engine engagement section are integrally formed.

[0073] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is an electric motor.

[0074] In some embodiments, preferably, the peripheral propulsion system further includes a parachute attached above the propulsion unit.

[0075] In some embodiments, preferably, the peripheral propulsion system further includes a parachute attached to the vehicle.

[0076] According to another aspect of the present invention, a peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle is provided, characterized in that the peripheral propulsion system comprises: a propulsion unit, wherein the propulsion unit comprises: an engine; an engine engagement section; an extension connected to the engine engagement section; and two or more rotor blades connected to the extension; and an upper section and a lower section, wherein the extension is located between the upper section and the lower section; wherein the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid from the periphery of the vehicle and pushing the fluid outward around the periphery of the vehicle.

[0077] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, an intake section disposed around at least a portion of the upper section; and the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid from the periphery of the vehicle into the intake section and discharging it from the discharge section.

[0078] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit is used to guide fluid into the suction section in a generally vertical flow direction and then out of the suction section at a first angle; the fluid enters the discharge section at a second angle and then out of the discharge section in a vertical flow direction.

[0079] In some embodiments, preferably, the fluid flowing out of the suction section at the first angle is inclined along the direction of rotation of the one or more rotor blades.

[0080] In some embodiments, preferably, the inhalation section includes one or more inhalation blades.

[0081] In some embodiments, preferably, each inhalation blade includes an inhalation tail inlet edge and an inhalation tail outlet edge; the inhalation tail inlet edge has an inhalation tail inlet edge tangent, and the inhalation tail outlet edge has an inhalation tail outlet edge tangent; and each inhalation blade has an effective length.

[0082] In some embodiments, preferably, the inlet of the suction tail is at approximately 90 degrees along the tangent, or the outlet of the suction tail is at approximately 45 degrees along the tangent, or a combination of both.

[0083] In some embodiments, preferably, each blade further includes a front inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the front inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

[0084] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, and the discharge section includes one or more discharge blades.

[0085] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes an intake section comprising one or more intake blades, the intake blades and the discharge blades, wherein the intake blades and the discharge blades are arranged in a mirror image.

[0086] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the discharge blades include a discharge blade orientation element.

[0087] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the discharge blades include a discharge blade orientation element located on the leading edge or trailing edge of the discharge blade or both.

[0088] In some embodiments, preferably, each discharge blade includes a tail inlet edge and a tail outlet edge; the tail inlet edge has a tail inlet edge tangent, and the tail outlet edge has a tail outlet edge tangent; and each discharge blade has an effective length.

[0089] In some embodiments, preferably, the tail inlet is at approximately 45 degrees along the tangent, or the tail outlet is at approximately 90 degrees along the tangent, or a combination thereof.

[0090] In some embodiments, preferably, each blade further includes a front inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the front inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

[0091] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, the discharge section including three or more discharge throttling elements; and each discharge throttling element is used to selectively limit the fluid flow between two throttling blades.

[0092] In some embodiments, preferably, at least one of the two throttling blades includes a throttling blade orientation element.

[0093] In some embodiments, preferably, each discharge throttling element is capable of limiting approximately 100% of the fluid flow between the two throttling vanes.

[0094] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, the discharge section including three or more throttling blade directional elements.

[0095] In some embodiments, preferably, the extension includes a disk, and two or more rotor blades are connected to the periphery of the disk.

[0096] In some embodiments, preferably, the extension includes two or more spokes, and the end of each spoke is connected to at least one rotor blade from the two or more rotor blades.

[0097] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is the stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section is the outer rotor of the electric motor.

[0098] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section and the engine form an air gap.

[0099] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section is integrally disposed with the extension.

[0100] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is located between the upper section and the lower section.

[0101] In some embodiments, preferably, the system further includes an upper bearing located between the upper section and the engine engagement section, and a lower bearing located between the lower section and the engine engagement section.

[0102] In some embodiments, preferably, the upper bearing carries part or all of the weight of the upper section.

[0103] In some embodiments, preferably, both the upper and lower bearings are composed of balls.

[0104] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine engagement section has an upper ball groove and a lower ball groove, the upper section has an upper groove, and the lower section has a lower groove; and the balls are located in the space enclosed between the upper ball groove and the upper groove and between the lower ball groove and the lower groove.

[0105] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is located within the upper or lower section, and the engine engagement section extends outward from the engine.

[0106] In some embodiments, preferably, one or more of the two or more rotor blades include rotor blade orientation elements.

[0107] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion unit further includes a discharge section disposed around at least a portion of the lower section, the discharge section including a discharge section orientation element.

[0108] In some embodiments, preferably, the vehicle may be one of a vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, a fixed-wing aircraft, a ship, a submersible, and a high-speed transportation vehicle using a vacuum tube.

[0109] In some embodiments, preferably, the two or more rotor blades, the extension, and the engine engagement section are integrally formed.

[0110] In some embodiments, preferably, the engine is an electric motor.

[0111] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion system further includes a parachute attached above the propulsion unit.

[0112] In some embodiments, preferably, the propulsion system further includes a parachute attached to the vehicle. Brief description of the attached figures

[0113] The embodiments of the present application technology will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0114] Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a vertical take-off and landing vehicle (VTOL) using an example of a peripheral propulsion system (PPS).

[0115] Figure 2A shows an embodiment of the engine.

[0116] Figure 2B shows one embodiment of the engine.

[0117] Figure 2C illustrates an embodiment of VTOL using a PPS implementation.

[0118] Figure 3A shows one embodiment of the discharge section.

[0119] Figure 3B shows an embodiment of a discharge section including discharge section blades.

[0120] Figure 3C shows an embodiment of the discharge blades in one embodiment of the discharge section.

[0121] Figure 3D shows one embodiment of the propulsion unit.

[0122] Figure 3E shows an embodiment of the propulsion unit.

[0123] Figure 4A shows an embodiment of PPS.

[0124] Figure 4B shows an embodiment of the PPS, including an embodiment with an intake blade and an exhaust blade.

[0125] Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the throttling element and the directional element.

[0126] Figure 6A shows an embodiment of the inhalation cap.

[0127] Figure 6B shows an embodiment of the intake grid blades.

[0128] Figure 7A shows an embodiment of a VTOL with a PPS embodiment.

[0129] Figure 7B shows an embodiment of a VTOL with a PPS embodiment.

[0130] Figure 8A shows an embodiment of an aircraft with a PPS embodiment.

[0131] Figure 8B shows an embodiment of an aircraft with a PPS embodiment.

[0132] Figure 8C shows an embodiment of an aircraft with a PPS embodiment.

[0133] Figure 8D shows an embodiment of a submersible with a PPS embodiment.

[0134] Figure 8E shows an embodiment of a vessel with a PPS.

[0135] Figure 8F shows an embodiment of a closed transport system with a PPS implementation. Detailed Implementation

[0136] It should be understood that, in order to make the description more concise and clear, reference numerals that appear repeatedly in different figures are used to indicate corresponding or similar elements where appropriate. Furthermore, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various embodiments of this application, numerous specific details are included in the following description. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, some methods, procedures, and components are not described exhaustively so as not to obscure the relevant features described. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and the scale of certain parts may be exaggerated / enlarged to better depict details and features. Such descriptions should not be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments described in this application. It should be noted that the use of "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "some embodiments" in this application does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and such descriptions indicate at least one embodiment.

[0137] The following are some definitions that apply to the entire content of this application.

[0138] The term “coupled / joined / connected / joined” is defined as a connection, whether integral, direct, or indirect, and not necessarily limited to a physical connection. This connection can be a permanent or detachable connection between objects. The term “electrically coupled / connected” is defined as an electrical contact in a structure, whether direct or indirect, allowing electrons to flow between corresponding elements. The term “external” refers to the region beyond the outermost boundary of a physical object. The term “internal” indicates that at least a portion of a region is contained within the boundary enclosed by the object. The term “substantially / approximately” is defined as substantially conforming to a particular size, shape, or other word modified by “substantially,” thus the component does not need to be precise. For example, “approximately cylindrical” means the object resembles a cylinder but may deviate from a true cylinder by one or more deviations. The term “about” (unless otherwise stated) in relation to quantitative measurement includes, but is not limited to, the disclosed measurement and its approximate values, to the extent of their disclosure. For example, "about 90" may include at least 80-100, while "about 90.0" may include at least 89.0-91.0. The term "including" means "including but not limited to"; it can specifically mean open-ended inclusion or belonging to the said combination, group, series, etc.

[0139] The description in this application is primarily directed to vehicle 7 (i.e., VTOL 70); however, as shown, the peripheral propulsion system (PPS) 2 can be used in any suitable situation. As illustrated, its application to other vehicles 7 is conceivable, such as aircraft 71, ships 73, submersibles 72, and enclosed transport vehicles 74, such as vacuum-powered trains and hyperloops.

[0140] Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft 70. The VTOL 70 includes a cabin 1 and a PPS 2.

[0141] In some embodiments, cabin 1 includes one or more of the following: a canopy 11, seats 12, and flight controllers (not shown). In some embodiments, cabin 1 is housed in a separate module that engages with and is electrically connected to PPS 2. The location of PPS 2 provides some degree of noise isolation for the cockpit, whereas in conventional helicopters the rotor is overhead and the engines are located next to the passengers. Passive noise reduction techniques, such as double-glazed windows, and active noise reduction techniques can also be used. In some embodiments, the floor of cabin 1 may be made of sound-absorbing material to reduce noise during takeoff and landing. The VTOL 70 has a very small footprint, making it ideal for landing in small spaces such as yards, parking lots, flat roofs, etc.

[0142] In some embodiments, PPS 2 includes an intake section 21, an exhaust section 22, and a propulsion unit 3. In some embodiments, propulsion unit 3 includes an engine 31 and a propulsion element. In some embodiments, the propulsion element includes an extension 32 and rotor blades 33. In some embodiments, the propulsion element includes an engine engagement section 34, which is longer than the extension 32, to increase the engagement portion of the engine 31 while reducing the weight of the extension 32. In some embodiments, the engine 31 includes the stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section 34 functions as the outer rotor of the electric motor, or is the outer rotor of the electric motor. The rotor blades 33 are used to draw fluid into or out of PPS 2. In some embodiments, propulsion unit 3 includes an upper section 36 and a lower section 37. In some embodiments, the engine 31 and the propulsion element are located between the upper section 36 and the lower section 37. In some embodiments, the passenger cabin 1 is connected to the upper section 36. In some embodiments, the upper section 36 is at least partially connected to the lower section 37 via the intake section 21 and / or the exhaust section 22. In some embodiments, the upper segment 36 and / or the lower segment 37 have substantially or completely void-free outer walls, such that fluid flow primarily or entirely passes through openings at their top and bottom.

[0143] In some embodiments, the rotor blades 33 rotate about the cabin 1 or outside the circumference of the cabin 1. It can be considered that the placement of the PPS 2 below and the placement of the rotor blades 33 and the fluid flow outside the circumference enhance the aerodynamic and / or drivability effects because the active air thrust is directed outward along the circumference.

[0144] In some embodiments, engine 31 is connected to or is part of lower section 37, and serves to support or partially support upper section 36. In some embodiments, engine 31 includes an electric motor or an internal combustion engine or a combination of both.

[0145] Figure 2A illustrates one embodiment of the engine 31 and the engine engagement section 34. In some embodiments, an air gap 314 exists between the engine 31 and the engine engagement section 34. In some embodiments, the air gap 314 is disposed around the engine 31 and maintains a consistent clearance. In some embodiments, the engine engagement section 34 rotates around the engine 31. In some embodiments, bearings 35 are provided, located between or at both of the engine engagement section 34 and the upper section 36 and the lower section 37 (upper and lower bearings). In some embodiments, one or more bearings 35 include balls 351.

[0146] The diameter 315 of the engine engagement section 34 can be set to achieve optimal performance. In some embodiments, a diameter that is too small will make it difficult to support the weight of the upper section 36 and the cabin 1 during flight, while a diameter that is too large will cause the ball bearing to rotate at excessive speeds, resulting in severe frictional wear and damage. Currently, there is no relevant technology that allows the ball bearing to operate at the required speed on the periphery of the propulsion unit 3, suitable for the weight and size of a passenger-carrying VTOL 70. Instead, in some embodiments of the current design, the bearing 35 can reduce its required speed and friction by employing an extension 32. In some embodiments, the diameter 315 of the engine engagement section 34 is approximately 50 cm, and in some embodiments, the diameter 315 is less than 50 cm. In some embodiments, the ball 351 can be a rolling bearing, which can provide better lifting operation in some embodiments.

[0147] In some embodiments, the engine 31 includes the stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section 34 is the external rotor of the electric motor. In some embodiments, balls 351 are located at both ends of the engine engagement section 34, and the air gap 314 is clearly defined and uniformly spaced to achieve the required stator-rotor separation. The balls 351 are directly connected to the engine engagement section 34, and better energy efficiency can be achieved when the engine engagement section 34 is the external rotor of the electric motor. Prior art designs use conventional ball bearings to secure the rotor to the engine shaft and thrust bearings to connect the engine shaft to the body. In some embodiments, higher efficiency is achieved by reducing weight and / or friction because conventional ball bearings are not required.

[0148] Figure 2BAn embodiment of an engine 31 and an engine engagement section 34 is shown. In some embodiments, the engine engagement section 34 is provided with one or more ball grooves 341. In some embodiments, the ball grooves 341 consist of an upper ball groove 3410 and a lower ball groove 3411. In some embodiments, the upper section 36 is provided with an upper groove 361, and the balls 351 are at least partially located within the space defined by the upper ball groove 3410 and the upper groove 361. In some embodiments, the lower section 37 is provided with a lower groove 371, and the balls 351 are at least partially located within the space defined by the lower ball groove 3411 and the lower groove 371. A bearing 35 enables low-friction movement between the engine engagement section 34 and the upper section 36 and / or the lower section 37. Also in some embodiments, the engine engagement section 34 and the extension 32 or the blade 33, or both, may be integral.

[0149] Figure 2C illustrates one embodiment of the PPS 2, which includes an engine 31 located within a lower section 37. In some embodiments, an engine engagement section 34 extends outward from the engine 31, connecting to or integrally disposed with an extension 32, and the extension 32 connects to or integrally disposed with rotor blades 33. In some embodiments, the engine 31 is a stator, and the engine engagement section 34 is a rotor. Although the engine 31 is shown in Figure 1 as being located within the lower section 37, it should be understood that its orientation can be reversed such that the engine 31 is located within an upper section 36, and the engine engagement section 34 extends downward from the engine 31.

[0150] Figure 3A illustrates one embodiment of the discharge section 22. In some embodiments, the discharge section 22 serves to reduce the torque of the propulsion unit 3 or to achieve torque-free operation. In some embodiments, the discharge section 22 includes a guide vane 24. In some embodiments, the guide vane 24 includes one or more discharge vanes 241. In some embodiments, the inwardly curved surface of the discharge vane 241 can absorb the rotational momentum of the exhaust gas generated by the rotor blades 33 and guide the fluid directly out of the discharge section 22, which effectively counteracts the torque of the exhaust fluid and generates a uniform outward thrust. In some embodiments, the angle, curvature, or thickness of the rotor blades 33, or combinations thereof, can be varied. In some embodiments, the extension distance of the discharge vane 241 is a majority (if not all) length of the guide vane 24.

[0151] In some embodiments, the discharge section 22 includes three or more discharge throttling elements 25. In some embodiments, one or more throttling vanes 242 include discharge vane orienting elements 2410, or also referred to as throttling vane orienting elements. In some embodiments, the discharge vane 241 includes throttling vanes 242 having discharge throttling elements 25 for controlling fluid flow therebetween. In some embodiments, the discharge vane 241 includes discharge vane orienting elements 2410 for guiding at least a portion of the fluid out of the discharge section 22.

[0152] In some embodiments, the extension 32 includes a spoke configuration comprising two or more arms extending from the engine engagement section 34, the ends of which are provided with rotor blades 33. Rotation of the engine engagement section 34 causes the rotor blades 33 to rotate, forcing fluid into the discharge section 22 and through the discharge blades 241, the discharge throttling element 25, and / or the throttling blades 242. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 extends horizontally inward or outward from the lower section 37 to regulate fluid flow. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 is located below the throttling blades 242 and / or configured to extend inward or outward from the lower section 37.

[0153] In some embodiments, due to the peripheral structure of PPS 2, the blade angle 332 of the rotor blade 33 can remain constant and does not change radially, resulting in a vortex-free and uniform downward fluid flow that better counteracts torque. In some embodiments, the rotor blade 33 can rotate as needed, and one or all stator blades can rotate as a group or individually to enhance torque counteracting. Furthermore, the discharge blade 241 needs to be of sufficient length to function effectively and provide a smooth transition for the downward fluid flow. In some embodiments, the curvature and / or combination of length and curvature of the discharge blade 241 are configured such that no fluid can pass directly through the discharge section 22 without altering its path. In some embodiments, due to the shape and position of the discharge blade 241, the human eye cannot directly penetrate the discharge section 22.

[0154] Figure 3B illustrates one embodiment of the discharge section 22, which includes a discharge section orientation element 221. It should be understood that the discharge section orientation element 221 may be aligned with or offset from the discharge vane 241. The number and location of the discharge section orientation elements 221 are not limited. In use, the discharge section orientation elements 221 may operate independently, together, or in groups. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 is located on a different vane than the discharge section orientation element 221. The discharge section orientation element 221 serves the same function as the discharge vane orientation element 2410. In some embodiments, both the discharge section orientation element 221 and the discharge vane orientation element 2410 are provided, and in some embodiments, the discharge section orientation element 221 and the discharge vane orientation element 2410 may be aligned with the same discharge vane 241. In some embodiments, the discharge section orientation element 221, the discharge vane orientation element 2410, the suction vane orientation element, the rotor vane orientation element 331, or any combination thereof are provided.

[0155] Figure 3C An embodiment of the discharge blade 241 is shown, having a tail distance 2411. In some embodiments, the tail distance 2411 is the distance between the tail inlet edge 2413 and the tail outlet edge 2414 of the discharge blade 241. In some embodiments, the tail distance is greater than or equal to the distance between the tail inlet edge 2413 and the front inlet edge 2415 of an adjacent discharge blade 241. In some embodiments, the position of the tail distance 2411 and the front inlet edge 2415 of the adjacent discharge blade 241 prevents fluid from flowing directly through the discharge section 22. The fluid must change its path to some extent as it flows through the discharge blade 241. The tail tangent 24140 is a tangent to the tail outlet edge 2414, and in some embodiments, the tail tangent 24140 is set at 90 degrees or approximately 90 degrees relative to the outlet plane. The tail inlet tangent 24130 is the tangent to the tail inlet edge 2413, and in some embodiments, the tail inlet tangent 24130 is set at 45 degrees or approximately 45 degrees relative to the suction plane. In some embodiments, the discharge vanes 241 are configured such that the thickness of the discharge vanes 241 near the inlet is greater than the thickness at the outlet. In some embodiments, the discharge vanes 241 are substantially curved teardrop-shaped. In some embodiments, the total height of the discharge vanes 241 is twice or approximately twice the effective length 2416 of each discharge vane 241. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 may be configured as needed to limit the flow rate between the throttling vanes 242. Figure 3BAs shown, in some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 covers only a portion of the inlet when deployed. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 covers most, if not all, of the inlet when fully deployed (e.g., any value between 50% and 100%).

[0156] As described below, in some embodiments, the intake blade 231 is or substantially a reflection of the discharge blade 241. In some embodiments, the intake blade 231 includes an intake tail inlet edge and an intake tail outlet edge. The intake tail inlet edge has an intake tail inlet edge tangent, and the intake tail outlet edge has an intake tail outlet edge tangent. Each intake blade 231 has an effective length. In some embodiments, the intake tail inlet edge tangent is approximately 90 degrees, the intake tail outlet edge tangent is approximately 45 degrees, or a combination of both. In some embodiments, each intake blade 231 includes a leading edge inlet edge; and the distance between the tail inlet edge and the leading edge inlet edge of the adjacent discharge blade is less than or equal to this effective length.

[0157] Figure 3D depicts one embodiment of the propulsion unit 3. In some embodiments, the rotor blade 33 has a blade angle 332 relative to the extension 32. In some embodiments, the rotor blade 33 can encounter a substantially linear fluid flow at this blade angle 332. In some embodiments, the blade angle 332 is set to 45 degrees, and the rotor blade 33 will encounter the substantially linear fluid flow at a 45-degree angle. In some embodiments, the rotor blade 33 is planar; in other embodiments, the rotor blade 33 is non-planar. In some embodiments, all rotor blades 33 have the same shape; however, in other embodiments, all rotor blades 33 have different shapes.

[0158] Figure 3E An embodiment of the propulsion unit 3 is shown. In some embodiments, the extension 32 includes a disk extending from the engine engagement portion 34 toward the rotor blade 33. In some embodiments, one or more blades 33 include one or more rotor blade orientation elements 331, which can change the angle of the leading edge or trailing edge of the blade 33.

[0159] One advantage of electric motors is their ability to apply low-speed torque, while one of their disadvantages is the energy required at high speeds. Therefore, an advantage of the extension 32 and rotor blades 33 located away from the motor 31 is that the propulsion unit 3 can utilize the advantages of the motor 31. The distance from the motor 31 increases the speed of the rotor blades 33 relative to the motor 31, and thus increases the torque required to actuate the motor engagement section 34. Therefore, the extension 32 is used as a means of increasing speed using torque. The extension 32 utilizes the ability of the motor to apply a large amount of torque at lower speeds. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the position of the bearing 35 very close to the center allows the balls 351 to rotate more slowly.

[0160] Figure 4A illustrates an embodiment of the PPS 2, which includes an inhalation section 21 and an outlet section 22 interconnected. In some embodiments, the inhalation section 21 and the outlet section 22 share components, are integrally formed, are separate from each other, are connected together, and / or have electrical connections. In some embodiments, the inhalation section 21 includes an inhalation blade 231. In some embodiments, the inhalation blade 231 is very similar to the outlet blade 241. In some embodiments, the inhalation blade 231 is positioned such that fluid cannot flow directly through the inhalation section 21. The fluid must change its path to some extent as it flows through the inhalation blade 231. An inhalation inlet is provided tangentially, and in some embodiments, the inhalation inlet tangentially is set at 90 degrees or approximately 90 degrees relative to the outlet plane. An inhalation tail is also provided tangentially, and in some embodiments, the inhalation tail tangentially is set at 45 degrees or approximately 45 degrees relative to the inhalation plane. In some embodiments, the inhalation blade 231 is configured to have a greater thickness near the inlet than at the outlet. In some embodiments, the inhalation blade 231 has a generally curved teardrop-shaped cross-sectional shape.

[0161] In some embodiments, the intake blade 231 and the discharge blade 241 are mirror images of each other, as if they were flipped 180 degrees. In some embodiments, as can be seen, when fluid flows out of the intake blade 231, the fluid is at least partially directed in the direction of rotation of the rotor blade 33. Furthermore, the discharge blade 241 is at least partially tilted in the opposite direction to the rotation of the rotor blade 33. It can be assumed that the shape and angle of the discharge blade 241 and / or the intake blade 231 will help reduce or eliminate the torque generated by the rotation of the rotor blade 33.

[0162] In some embodiments, when the propulsion unit 3 is running, fluid is drawn into the intake section 21 through the rotor blades 33 and flows out from the discharge section 22. In some embodiments, fluid is drawn in through the intake blades 231 and flows out from the discharge blades 241, or both. In some embodiments, fluid is guided to enter the intake section 21 vertically and then flow out of the intake section 21 at an angle; fluid enters the discharge section 22 at an angle and then flows out of the discharge section 22 vertically; or both, as shown in FIG4B.

[0163] In some embodiments, the intake blade 231, the discharge blade 241, the rotor blade 33, or a combination thereof, can be rotated to a desired angle.

[0164] In some embodiments, enhanced torque cancellation is included. As shown in FIG4A, the intake section 21 and the exhaust section 22, through the intake blades 231 and the exhaust blades 241, function to direct the intake and exhaust airflows into a direct current. While the exhaust blades 241 eliminate outlet air circulation, the intake blades 231 can block inlet air circulation. The intake section 21 and the exhaust section 22, in combination or individually, reduce or eliminate the total air torque and can generate a uniform outward thrust. The use of the intake blades 231 and the exhaust blades 241 helps to achieve true torque cancellation. Using the intake blades 231 increases the torque cancellation effect compared to using only the exhaust blades 241. If only the exhaust blades 241 are used, stronger inlet air circulation may occur, thereby reducing the torque cancellation effect of PPS 2. In some embodiments, the intake blades 231 and the exhaust blades 241, although in different directions, have different or the same dimensions and / or shapes. In some embodiments, one or more intake blades 231, one or more discharge blades 241, or combinations thereof have a different shape or size than the other intake blades 231 and / or discharge blades 241. In some embodiments, an additional set or more sets of vanes are located within the intake section 21 or the output section 22 or both.

[0165] It is reasonable to believe that properly eliminating the torque of PPS 2 will significantly improve efficiency. It is well known that conventional helicopters lose approximately 30% of their power during operation. Although the counter-rotating rotors of modern multi-rotor helicopters cancel each other out in torque, similar losses are expected, except that the power loss occurs during the reverse airflow rotation.

[0166] Another benefit of torque elimination is reduced audible noise. Energy loss from air circulation largely contributes to audible noise generation, so non-circulating fluid flow will produce less noise. In some embodiments, PPS 2 may include a sound-absorbing material designed to absorb and dissipate acoustic energy at the frequencies of the generated noise. Furthermore, the intake section 21, exhaust section 22, intake cap 210, or combinations thereof, reduce lateral noise emissions.

[0167] In some embodiments of the VTOL 70, the greatest noise is generated during takeoff and landing. Torque cancellation and / or sound-absorbing materials can reduce the peak noise levels near the takeoff and landing points of the VTOL 70. These noise reduction benefits are important for acoustic comfort and regulatory requirements (i.e., the VTOL 70 should not generate noise levels exceeding a certain level in residential areas). These materials can also be used in different embodiments, parts, and locations of the PPS 2.

[0168] Some embodiments of PPS 2 employ a dual peripheral anti-rotation propulsion unit 3.

[0169] In some embodiments, the PPS 2 includes mechanisms such as a swashplate used in conventional helicopters to achieve propeller pitch control to change lift.

[0170] In some embodiments of the VTOL 70, a payload module is mounted on the PPS 2. In some embodiments where the payload is located below the PPS 2 and its size is set such that the diameter of the payload module is smaller than that of the extension 32, the payload does not obstruct the flow of fluid from the PPS 2.

[0171] In some embodiments, the VTOL 70 includes a parachute. In some embodiments, the parachute is connected to the cabin 1. In some embodiments, the cabin 1 may be detachable from the rest of the VTOL 70, thereby reducing weight and providing better lift when the parachute is deployed. One advantage of the VTOL 70 is that, by placing the PPS 2 below the cabin 1, the parachute is not interfered with by the propulsion unit 3. In other designs, the deployed parachute may interact with the propeller above the crew compartment.

[0172] Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment including four discharge throttling elements 25. The discharge throttling elements 25 work together to restrict fluid flow out of the discharge section 22 in certain areas, thereby achieving directional control. In some embodiments, there are three discharge throttling elements 25; in some embodiments, there are four or more discharge throttling elements 25.

[0173] In some embodiments, propulsion control or its auxiliary control is performed by the discharge throttling element 25. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 may control direction or assist in guiding a vehicle (e.g., VTOL 70, aircraft 71, submersible 72, boat 73). Three or more discharge throttling elements 25 may enable two-dimensional directional control and stabilization. In some embodiments, the discharge blade orientation element 2410 is connected to only one or more throttling blades 242, thus enabling further control over direction, rotation, and / or torque elimination. Control along the xy-axis enables fully two-dimensional operation. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 or its outlet is located on the periphery of PPS 2, away from its center of gravity. In some embodiments, the discharge throttling element 25 and its location have the ability to maintain stability during VTOL 70 takeoff, flight, and landing. It is understood that one or more discharge blades 241 may include the discharge blade orientation element 2410. It is understood that all orientation elements (e.g., discharge blade orientation element 2410, rotor blade orientation element 331, etc.) may operate simultaneously, in groups, or independently.

[0174] Figure 6A illustrates one embodiment of the suction cap 210. In some embodiments, the suction cap 210 may be located above the suction section 21. In some embodiments, the suction cap 210 includes a suction cap grid 2101. In some embodiments, the suction cap grid 2101 prevents items of different sizes from entering the suction section 21, and the effective opening size can be changed as needed. In some embodiments, the suction cap 2100 includes suction grid blades 2102. In some embodiments, the suction grid blades 2102 are configured to direct the fluid flow into the suction section 21. In some embodiments, the teardrop shape reduces fluid flow resistance and reduces turbulence generated when fluid flows through the grid suction grid blades 2102, thereby reducing noise and / or improving efficiency. In some embodiments, the suction grid blades 2102 have a teardrop-shaped cross-section. In some embodiments, the suction grid blades 2102 direct the fluid flow while preventing items of a certain size from entering the suction section 21. In some embodiments, PPS 2 includes two suction caps 210 located on both sides of PPS 2. In some embodiments, the intake grid blades 2102 can be rotated to any desired angle.

[0175] Figure 7A illustrates one embodiment of the VTOL 70 in use. After initial ascent and hovering in the air, the entire VTOL 70 can tilt forward to achieve horizontal forward flight. In this way, air thrust will support the weight of the VTOL 70 and provide forward propulsion.

[0176] Figure 7B illustrates one embodiment of the VTOL 70 in use, featuring a seat 12 that allows the user to remain upright or substantially upright during flight. In some embodiments, the user can fix the seat 12 or perform a gyroscopic movement and maintain a position relative to the horizon. This can provide a better travel experience and better visibility of the surrounding environment. Any forward-facing displays or consoles can also follow the passenger's gyroscopic movements. In some embodiments, the range of movement can be limited to allow the user to provide feedback on the VTOL 70's flight status.

[0177] Figures 8A, 8B, and 8C illustrate the use of one or more PPS 2s to propel aircraft 71 into flight. The PPS 2s may be positioned around the center of aircraft 71, between the wings and the tail, and / or on the tail. In some embodiments, the PPS 2s are conical. In some embodiments, the PPS 2s may be conical to facilitate takeoff and landing. In some embodiments, the PPS 2s may divide the cabin into two sections.

[0178] Figure 8D shows the submersible 72 including PPS 2.

[0179] Figure 8E shows vessel 73, including PPS 2.

[0180] Figure 8F illustrates a closed transport vehicle 74 including PPS 2. In some embodiments, the closed transport vehicle 74 is a high-speed vacuum tube vehicle. In some embodiments, wheels, tracks, or magnetic levitation / drive can be used. The transport vehicle can move in both directions simply by changing the rotation direction of the engine 31 and / or changing the angle of the rotor blades 33. In some embodiments, the rotor blades 33, the intake blades 231, the exhaust blades 241, the intake grid blades 2102, or combinations thereof can also be rotated and / or used for reverse operation as needed. In some embodiments, PPS 2 includes two intake covers 210 located on both sides of PPS 2.

[0181] In some embodiments, VLOT 70 is a remotely controlled vehicle, including a camera or a self-guiding system or a package delivery system or a combination thereof. It will be understood that in some embodiments, VLOT 70 is a remotely controlled delivery vehicle used to transport packages from one location to another.

[0182] The foregoing description merely illustrates and describes exemplary embodiments. Although many features and advantages of this application, as well as details of its structure and function, have been set forth in the foregoing description, this description is for illustrative purposes only and may be modified in detail, including changes to the shape, size, and arrangement of parts within the scope of the principles of this application, which includes and at most extends the full scope as determined by the broad general meaning of the terms used in the claims.

[0183] It should also be noted that the technical features of the embodiments can be described with reference to the description of specific embodiments; however, the technical features of the disclosed embodiments can be interchanged with the corresponding technical features of other disclosed embodiments having the same name and / or number.

[0184] According to specific embodiments, certain steps of the method may be deleted, other steps may be added, and the order of the steps may be changed. It should also be understood that the description and claims of the method may include markers referring to a particular step. However, the markers used are for identification purposes only and not as suggestions for the order of steps.

Claims

1. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle, characterized by, The peripheral propulsion system comprises: a propulsion unit, wherein the propulsion unit comprises: an engine; an engine interface segment; an extension connected to the engine interface segment; and two or more rotor blades connected to the extension; an upper segment and a lower segment, wherein the extension is positioned between the upper segment and the lower segment; and an exhaust segment positioned around at least a portion of the lower segment; wherein the two or more rotor blades are positioned outside a circumferential side of the vehicle; and the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid from around the circumferential side of the vehicle and through the exhaust segment when the engine is operating.

2. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises a suction segment positioned around at least a portion of the upper segment; the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing the fluid from around the circumferential side of the vehicle into the suction segment and out of the exhaust segment.

3. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 2, wherein The peripheral propulsion system is configured to direct the fluid after entering the suction segment to a substantially vertical flow direction and then out of the suction segment at a first angle; and direct the fluid after entering the exhaust segment at a second angle to a vertical flow direction and out of the exhaust segment.

4. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 3, wherein The fluid out of the suction segment at the first angle is angled in a direction of rotation of the one or more rotor blades.

5. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 2, wherein The suction segment comprises one or more suction blades.

6. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 5, wherein Each suction blade comprises a suction trailing edge inlet edge and a suction trailing edge outlet edge; the suction trailing edge inlet edge has a suction trailing edge inlet edge tangent and the suction trailing edge outlet edge has a suction trailing edge outlet edge tangent; and each suction blade has an effective length.

7. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle as defined in claim 6, characterized in that The suction trailing edge inlet edge tangent is about 90 degrees, or the suction trailing edge outlet edge tangent is about 45 degrees, or a combination thereof.

8. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 6, wherein Each suction blade further comprises a leading edge inlet edge; and a distance between the trailing edge inlet edge and a leading edge inlet edge of an adjacent exhaust blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

9. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The exhaust segment comprises one or more exhaust blades.

10. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 9, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises a suction segment comprising one or more suction blades, the suction blades and the exhaust blades, and the suction blades are mirror images of the exhaust blades.

11. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 9, wherein One or more of the exhaust blades comprise an exhaust blade orientation element.

12. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 9, wherein One or more of the exhaust blades comprise an exhaust blade orientation element, the exhaust blade orientation element is positioned on a leading edge of the exhaust blade or a trailing edge of the exhaust blade or both.

13. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 9, wherein Each exhaust blade comprises a trailing edge inlet edge and a trailing edge outlet edge; the trailing edge inlet edge has a trailing edge inlet edge tangent and the trailing edge outlet edge has a trailing edge outlet edge tangent; and each exhaust blade has an effective length.

14. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 13, wherein The trailing edge inlet edge tangent is about 45 degrees, or the trailing edge outlet edge tangent is about 90 degrees, or a combination thereof.

15. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 13, wherein Each blade further comprises a leading edge inlet edge; and a distance between the trailing edge inlet edge and a leading edge inlet edge of an adjacent exhaust blade is less than or equal to the effective length.

16. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The exhaust segment comprises three or more exhaust restriction elements; and each exhaust restriction element is configured to selectively restrict fluid flow between two restriction blades.

17. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 16, wherein At least one of the two throttling vanes includes a vane orientation element.

18. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 16, wherein Each of the exhaust throttling elements is capable of restricting approximately one hundred percent of the fluid flow between the two throttling vanes.

19. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The exhaust section includes three or more vane orientation elements.

20. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The extension includes a disc, and the two or more rotor vanes are connected to a perimeter of the disc.

21. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The extension includes two or more spokes, and an end of each spoke is connected to at least one of the two or more rotor vanes.

22. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The engine is a stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section is an external rotor of the electric motor.

23. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 22, wherein The engine engagement section and the engine form an air gap.

24. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The engine engagement section is integral with the extension.

25. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The engine is located between the upper section and the lower section.

26. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein An upper bearing is also included between the upper section and the engine engagement section, and a lower bearing is also included between the lower section and the engine engagement section.

27. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 26, wherein The upper bearing carries some or all of the weight of the upper section.

28. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 26, wherein Both the upper bearing and the lower bearing are composed of balls.

29. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 28, wherein The engine engagement section has upper and lower ball grooves, the upper section has an upper section groove, the lower section has a lower section groove, and the balls are located within a space between the upper ball groove and the upper section groove and between the lower ball groove and the lower section groove.

30. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The engine is located within the upper section or the lower section, and the engine engagement section extends outwardly from the engine.

31. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein One or more of the two or more rotor vanes includes a rotor vane orientation element.

32. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The exhaust section includes one or more exhaust section orientation elements.

33. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The vehicle can be one of a vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, a fixed wing aircraft, a watercraft, a submersible, and a vacuum tube high speed transportation vehicle.

34. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The two or more rotor vanes, the extension, and the engine engagement section are integral.

35. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein The engine is an electric motor.

36. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein A parachute is also included attached above the propulsion unit.

37. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein A parachute is also included attached to the vehicle.

38. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle, comprising: The peripheral propulsion system includes: A propulsion unit, wherein the propulsion unit includes: An engine; An engine engagement section; An extension connected to the engine engagement section; and Two or more rotor vanes connected to the extension; and An upper section and a lower section, wherein the extension is located between the upper section and the lower section; Wherein the extension is sized such that the two or more vanes are located outside a perimeter of the vehicle.

39. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The propulsion unit also includes an exhaust section located around at least a portion of the lower section, a suction section located around at least a portion of the upper section, and the two or more rotor vanes are capable of drawing fluid from a periphery of the vehicle into the suction section and out of the exhaust section.

40. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 39, wherein The peripheral propulsion system is configured to direct fluid into the suction section in a generally vertical flow, out of the suction section at a first angle, into the exhaust section at a second angle, and out of the exhaust section in a vertical flow.

41. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 40, wherein Fluid exiting the intake section at the first angle is tilted in the direction of rotation of the one or more rotor blades.

42. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 39, wherein The intake section includes one or more intake vanes.

43. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 42, wherein Each intake vane includes an intake trailing edge inlet side having an intake trailing edge inlet side tangent and an intake trailing edge outlet side having an intake trailing edge outlet side tangent, and each intake vane has an effective length.

44. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 43, wherein The intake trailing edge inlet side tangent is about 90 degrees, or the intake trailing edge outlet side tangent is about 45 degrees, or a combination thereof.

45. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 43, wherein Each vane also includes a leading edge inlet side, and a distance between the trailing edge inlet side and a leading edge inlet side of an adjacent exhaust vane is less than or equal to the effective length.

46. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The propulsion unit also includes an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, and the exhaust section includes one or more exhaust vanes.

47. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 46, wherein The propulsion unit also includes an intake section including one or more intake vanes, the intake vanes and the exhaust vanes, and the intake vanes are mirror images of the exhaust vanes.

48. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 46, wherein One or more of the exhaust vanes includes an exhaust vane orientation element.

49. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 46, wherein One or more of the exhaust vanes includes an exhaust vane orientation element on a leading edge side of the exhaust vane or a trailing edge side of the exhaust vane or both.

50. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 46, wherein Each exhaust vane includes a trailing edge inlet side having a trailing edge inlet side tangent and a trailing edge outlet side having a trailing edge outlet side tangent, and each exhaust vane has an effective length.

51. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 50, wherein The trailing edge inlet side tangent is about 45 degrees, or the trailing edge outlet side tangent is about 90 degrees, or a combination thereof.

52. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 50, wherein Each vane also includes a leading edge inlet side, and a distance between the trailing edge inlet side and a leading edge inlet side of an adjacent exhaust vane is less than or equal to the effective length.

53. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein The propulsion unit also includes an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, the exhaust section including three or more exhaust throttle elements, and each exhaust throttle element is configured to selectively restrict fluid flow between two exhaust vanes.

54. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 53, wherein At least one of the two exhaust vanes includes an exhaust vane orientation element.

55. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 53, wherein Each exhaust throttle element is configured to restrict fluid flow between two exhaust vanes by about 100 percent.

56. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein The propulsion unit also includes an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, the exhaust section including three or more exhaust throttle elements.

57. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The extension includes a disc, and two or more rotor blades are connected to a perimeter side of the disc.

58. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The extension includes two or more spokes, and an end of each spoke is connected to at least one of the two or more rotor blades.

59. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The engine is a stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section is an external rotor of the electric motor.

60. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 59, wherein The engine engagement section and the engine form an air gap.

61. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The engine engagement section is integral with the extension.

62. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein The engine is located between the upper section and the lower section.

63. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein An upper bearing between the upper section and the engine interface section, and a lower bearing between the lower section and the engine interface section.

64. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 63, wherein The upper bearing carries some or all of the weight of the upper section.

65. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 63, wherein The upper and lower bearings are each comprised of balls.

66. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 65, wherein The engine interface section has an upper ball track and a lower ball track, the upper section has an upper section groove, the lower section has a lower section groove; and the balls are located within a space between the upper ball track and the upper section groove and between the lower ball track and the lower section groove.

67. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The engine is located within the upper section or the lower section, and the engine interface section extends outwardly from the engine.

68. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein One or more of the two or more rotor blades includes a rotor blade directional element.

69. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein The propulsion unit further includes an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, the exhaust section including an exhaust section directional element.

70. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein The vehicle can be one of a vertical take-off and landing aircraft, a fixed wing aircraft, a watercraft, a submersible, and a vacuum tube high speed transportation vehicle.

71. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 38, wherein The two or more rotor blades, the extension, and the engine interface section are integrally formed.

72. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein The engine is an electric motor.

73. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein A parachute attached to the propulsion unit.

74. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 38, wherein A parachute attached to the vehicle.

75. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle, comprising: The peripheral propulsion system includes: A propulsion unit, wherein the propulsion unit includes: An engine; An engine interface section; An extension connected to the engine interface section; and Two or more rotor blades connected to the extension; and An upper section and a lower section, wherein the extension is located between the upper section and the lower section; Wherein the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid from around a periphery of the vehicle and expelling the fluid outwardly around the periphery of the vehicle.

76. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 75, wherein The propulsion unit further includes an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, an intake section disposed about at least a portion of the upper section; and the two or more rotor blades are capable of drawing fluid into the intake section from around a periphery of the vehicle and expelling the fluid from the exhaust section.

77. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 76, wherein The propulsion unit is configured to direct fluid into the intake section at a first angle and out of the intake section at a substantially vertical flow; the fluid into the exhaust section at a second angle and out of the exhaust section at a vertical flow.

78. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 77, wherein The fluid out of the intake section at the first angle is angled in a direction of rotation of the one or more rotor blades.

79. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 76, wherein The intake section includes one or more intake vanes.

80. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 79, wherein Each intake vane includes an intake tail inlet edge and an intake tail outlet edge; the intake tail inlet edge has an intake tail inlet edge tangent and the intake tail outlet edge has an intake tail outlet edge tangent; and each intake vane has an effective length.

81. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 80, wherein The intake tail inlet edge tangent is about 90 degrees, or the intake tail outlet edge tangent is about 45 degrees, or a combination thereof.

82. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 80, wherein Each vane also includes a leading edge inlet edge; and a distance between the tail inlet edge and a leading edge inlet edge of an adjacent exhaust vane is less than or equal to the effective length.

83. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, and the exhaust section comprises one or more exhaust vanes.

84. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 83, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises an intake section comprising one or more intake vanes, the intake vanes and the exhaust vanes, and the intake vanes are disposed in mirror image to the exhaust vanes.

85. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 83, wherein One or more of the exhaust vanes comprise an exhaust vane orientation element.

86. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 83, wherein One or more of the exhaust vanes comprise an exhaust vane orientation element, the exhaust vane orientation element being located on a leading edge of the exhaust vane or a trailing edge of the exhaust vane or both.

87. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 83, wherein Each exhaust vane comprises a trailing edge inlet edge and a trailing edge outlet edge; the trailing edge inlet edge has a trailing edge inlet edge tangent and the trailing edge outlet edge has a trailing edge outlet edge tangent; and each exhaust vane has an effective length.

88. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 87, wherein The trailing edge inlet edge tangent is about 45 degrees or the trailing edge outlet edge tangent is about 90 degrees or a combination thereof.

89. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 87, wherein Each vane further comprises a leading edge inlet edge; and the distance between the trailing edge inlet edge and the leading edge inlet edge of an adjacent exhaust vane is less than or equal to the effective length.

90. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, the exhaust section comprising three or more exhaust throttle elements; and each exhaust throttle element is configured to selectively restrict fluid flow between two throttle vanes.

91. A peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle according to claim 90, wherein At least one of the two throttle vanes comprises a throttle vane orientation element.

92. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 90, wherein Each exhaust throttle element is capable of restricting fluid flow between two throttle vanes by about 100 percent.

93. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, the exhaust section comprising three or more throttle vane orientation elements.

94. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The extension comprises a disc, and two or more rotor vanes are connected to a perimeter side of the disc.

95. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The extension comprises two or more spokes, and an end of each spoke is connected to at least one of the two or more rotor vanes.

96. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The engine is a stator of an electric motor, and the engine engagement section is an external rotor of the electric motor.

97. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 96, wherein The engine engagement section and the engine form an air gap.

98. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The engine engagement section is integral with the extension.

99. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The engine is located between the upper section and the lower section.

100. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein An upper bearing is located between the upper section and the engine engagement section, and a lower bearing is located between the lower section and the engine engagement section.

101. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 100, wherein The upper bearing carries some or all of the weight of the upper section.

102. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 100, wherein The upper bearing and the lower bearing each comprise balls.

103. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 102, wherein The engine engagement section has an upper ball race and a lower ball race, the upper section has an upper section groove, and the lower section has a lower section groove; and the balls are located within a space between the upper ball race and the upper section groove and between the lower ball race and the lower section groove.

104. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The engine is located within the upper section or the lower section, and the engine engagement section extends outwardly from the engine.

105. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein One or more of the two or more rotor vanes comprise a rotor vane orientation element.

106. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The propulsion unit further comprises an exhaust section disposed about at least a portion of the lower section, the exhaust section comprising an exhaust section directional element.

107. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The vehicle can be one of a vertical take-off and landing aircraft, a fixed wing aircraft, a watercraft, a submersible, and a vacuum tube high speed transportation vehicle.

108. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The two or more rotor blades, the extension, and the engine engagement section are integrally disposed.

109. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein The engine is an electric motor.

110. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein A parachute attached above the propulsion unit is further included.

111. The peripheral propulsion system for a vehicle of claim 75, wherein A parachute attached to the vehicle is further included.

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