Hydrogen fuel cell capable of increasing air exhaust heat recycling and power generation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell and power generation system capable of increasing air exhaust heat recycling, which comprises a cell stack, an air supply unit, a heat exchange unit, a gas-liquid separation device and a hydrogen separation device, and the air supply unit is used for inputting air into the cell stack; the heat exchange unit comprises a gas-liquid heat exchanger and a water storage tank, and water in the water storage tank utilizes heat in mixed gas output by the cell stack through the gas-liquid heat exchanger; and the gas-liquid separation device and the hydrogen separation device are used for separating water and hydrogen in the mixed gas for recycling. The hydrogen fuel cell is provided with the heat exchange unit for recycling heat in the mixed gas discharged by the cell stack, so that the overall efficiency of the fuel cell is improved, and the gas-liquid separation device and the hydrogen separation device are arranged for recycling water and unreacted hydrogen in the mixed gas discharged by the cell stack; the efficiency of the fuel cell is further improved, the cost is reduced, and air pollution can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell and power generation system that increases the recovery and utilization of heat from exhaust gases. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are a highly efficient and pollution-free power generation device. They generate water as the final product through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and air, making them environmentally friendly and pollution-free. This technology is being vigorously promoted and implemented globally.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cells generate a large amount of heat during the reaction process. After the reaction, the air chamber will discharge the generated water and unreacted air. This gas-liquid mixture contains heat. If it is not utilized and discharged into the atmosphere, it will inevitably lead to energy waste and reduce the efficiency of the fuel cell. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the problem that in the existing hydrogen fuel cell, a large amount of heat energy is generated during the reaction process, and the generated water and unreacted air are discharged from the air chamber after the reaction. This gas-liquid mixture carries heat, and if it is not utilized and discharged into the atmosphere, it will inevitably cause energy waste and reduce the efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell that increases the recovery and utilization of heat from exhaust gases, comprising:

[0006] A battery stack, the battery stack including an air inlet, an air outlet and a hydrogen inlet;

[0007] An air supply unit, comprising an air compressor, wherein the output end of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet via a first air intake pipe, and the input end of the air compressor is connected to the outside via a second air intake pipe;

[0008] The heat exchange unit includes a gas-liquid heat exchanger and a water storage tank. The gas-liquid heat exchanger includes an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet. The air inlet is connected to the air outlet through a first exhaust pipe, and the air outlet is connected to the outside through a second exhaust pipe. The water storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet through an inlet pipe and a return pipe, respectively. A water pump is connected to the inlet pipe or the return pipe.

[0009] A gas-liquid separation device is connected to the second exhaust pipe, and the liquid output port of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the water storage tank.

[0010] A hydrogen separation device is connected to the second exhaust pipe, and the hydrogen output port of the hydrogen separation device is connected to the hydrogen inlet.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, an air purifier is also included, which is connected to the second exhaust pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, a muffler is also provided on the second exhaust pipe.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, a first valve is provided on the first intake pipe, and a second valve is provided on the first exhaust pipe.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, a chemical filter is provided on the second air intake pipe.

[0015] In one embodiment of this utility model, an air flow meter is provided on the second air intake pipe between the air compressor and the chemical filter.

[0016] In one embodiment of this utility model, a water flow meter is installed on the water inlet pipe.

[0017] In one embodiment of this utility model, an intercooler is provided on the first intake pipe.

[0018] In one embodiment of this utility model, a first temperature and pressure sensor is provided at the end of the first air intake pipe near the air inlet, a second temperature and pressure sensor is provided at each end of the first exhaust pipe, a third temperature and pressure sensor is provided at the end of the second exhaust pipe near the air outlet, a fourth temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the water inlet pipe, and a fifth temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the water return pipe.

[0019] A power generation system comprising a hydrogen fuel cell for increasing the recovery and utilization of exhaust heat as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0020] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] This utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell and power generation system for increasing the recovery and utilization of exhaust heat, comprising a fuel cell stack, an air supply unit, a heat exchange unit, a gas-liquid separation device, and a hydrogen separation device. The fuel cell stack includes an air inlet, an air outlet, and a hydrogen inlet. The air supply unit includes an air compressor, with its output end connected to the air inlet and its input end connected to the outside. The heat exchange unit includes a gas-liquid heat exchanger and a water storage tank. The gas-liquid heat exchanger includes an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet. The air inlet is connected to the air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the outside. The water storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet via an inlet pipe and a return pipe, respectively, and a water pump is connected to the inlet pipe. The gas-liquid separation device and the hydrogen separation device are sequentially connected to one end of the air outlet, with the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation device connected to the water storage tank. The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen separation device is connected to the hydrogen inlet. The hydrogen fuel cell of this invention is equipped with a heat exchange unit to recover and utilize the heat in the mixed gas discharged from the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the fuel cell. It is also equipped with a gas-liquid separation device and a hydrogen separation device to recover and utilize the water and unreacted hydrogen in the mixed gas discharged during the fuel cell stack reaction, thereby further improving the efficiency of the fuel cell, reducing costs, and avoiding air pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen fuel cell with added air exhaust heat recovery and utilization according to a preferred embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air supply unit of the hydrogen fuel cell with added air exhaust heat recovery and utilization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange unit of a hydrogen fuel cell with added air exhaust heat recovery and utilization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Battery stack; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 13. Hydrogen inlet; 2. Air supply unit; 21. Air compressor; 22. First air inlet pipe; 221. First valve; 23. Second air inlet pipe; 24. Chemical filter; 25. Air flow meter; 26. Intercooler; 3. Heat exchange unit; 31. Gas-liquid heat exchanger; 32. Water storage tank; 33. First exhaust pipe; 331. Second valve; 34. Second exhaust pipe; 35. Water inlet pipe; 36. Water return pipe; 37. Water pump; 4. Gas-liquid separator; 5. Hydrogen separator; 6. Air purifier; 7. Silencer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention. Example 1

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell for increasing the recovery and utilization of heat from exhaust gases, comprising:

[0029] Battery stack 1, which includes an air inlet 11, an air outlet 12 and a hydrogen inlet 13;

[0030] Air supply unit 2 includes air compressor 21. The output end of air compressor 21 is connected to air inlet 11 through first air intake pipe 22, and the input end of air compressor 21 is connected to the outside through second air intake pipe 23.

[0031] The heat exchange unit 3 includes a gas-liquid heat exchanger 31 and a water storage tank 32. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 31 includes an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet. The air inlet is connected to the air outlet 12 through a first exhaust pipe 33, and the air outlet is connected to the outside through a second exhaust pipe 34. The water storage tank 32 is connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet through a water inlet pipe 35 and a water return pipe 36, respectively. A water pump 37 is connected to the water inlet pipe 35 or the water return pipe 36.

[0032] Gas-liquid separation device 4 is connected to the second exhaust pipe 34, and the liquid output port of gas-liquid separation device 4 is connected to water storage tank 32.

[0033] Hydrogen separation device 5 is connected to the second exhaust pipe 34, and the hydrogen output port of hydrogen separation device 5 is connected to hydrogen inlet 13.

[0034] Specifically, the air supply unit 2 inputs air into the battery stack 1 through the air inlet 11. The oxygen in the air reacts with the hydrogen in the battery stack 1 to generate electricity. The water produced by the reaction and the unreacted air, along with a large amount of heat generated during the reaction, enter the gas-liquid heat exchanger 31 through the air outlet 12 and the exhaust pipe. The high-temperature gas exchanges heat with the water input into the gas-liquid heat exchanger 31 from the water storage tank 32, thereby recovering and utilizing the heat from the fuel cell exhaust.

[0035] Specifically, during the reaction process of the battery stack 1, unreacted hydrogen may be discharged along with unreacted air. After heat exchange is completed at the heat exchange unit 3, this mixed gas first passes through the gas-liquid separation device 4 to achieve gas-liquid separation. The separated water is transported to the water storage tank 32 for reuse. The dried mixed gas passes through the hydrogen separation device 5 to separate air and hydrogen. The separated hydrogen is reintroduced into the battery stack 1 (or the hydrogen supply device) for reuse, thereby further improving the efficiency and economy of the entire device.

[0036] This invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell with enhanced heat recovery from exhaust gases. It includes a heat exchange unit 3 to recover and utilize the heat in the mixed gas discharged from the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the fuel cell. It also includes a gas-liquid separation device 4 and a hydrogen separation device 5 to recover and utilize the water and unreacted hydrogen in the mixed gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 during the reaction process, further improving the efficiency of the fuel cell, reducing costs, and avoiding air pollution.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes an air purifier 6, which is connected to the second exhaust pipe 34. Specifically, the gas-liquid separator 4, the hydrogen separator 5, the air purifier 6, and the silencer 7 are sequentially connected to the second exhaust pipe 34. The gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 passes through the gas-liquid separator 4, the hydrogen separator 5, the air purifier 6, and the silencer 7 in sequence. Specifically, during the reaction of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack 1, incomplete reactions may generate air pollutants such as carbon monoxide. By installing the air purifier 6 on the second exhaust pipe 34 to target these air pollutants, the gas discharged from the fuel cell will not cause air pollution.

[0038] Furthermore, a muffler 7 is also installed on the second exhaust pipe 34. It is conceivable that by installing a muffler 7 at the end of the exhaust pipe, the noise generated during the exhaust process can be reduced.

[0039] Furthermore, a first valve 221 is provided on the first intake pipe 22, and a second valve 331 is provided on the first exhaust pipe 33.

[0040] Furthermore, a chemical filter 24 is installed on the second air intake pipe 23. Specifically, the air supply unit 2 also includes a chemical filter 24, which can remove particulate matter and chemical pollutants from the air, preventing damage to the catalyst, catalyst membrane, etc. in the fuel cell stack 1 and extending their service life. Clean air supply also contributes to the stable operation of the fuel cell and enhances the overall reliability of the system.

[0041] Furthermore, an air flow meter 25 is installed on the second air intake pipe 23 between the air compressor 21 and the chemical filter 24, and the air flow meter 25 can detect the air input flow rate in real time.

[0042] Furthermore, a water flow meter is installed on the water inlet pipe 35.

[0043] Furthermore, an intercooler 26 is provided on the first air intake pipe 22. The intercooler 26 can cool the air, thereby increasing its density, increasing the oxygen content, and improving the combustion efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0044] Furthermore, a first temperature and pressure sensor is installed at the end of the first intake pipe 22 near the air inlet 11; a second temperature and pressure sensor is installed at each end of the first exhaust pipe 33; a third temperature and pressure sensor is installed at the end of the second exhaust pipe 34 near the air outlet; a fourth temperature and pressure sensor is installed on the water inlet pipe 35; and a fifth temperature and pressure sensor is installed on the water return pipe 36. Based on the data from each temperature and pressure sensor, parameters such as air input flow rate, air input pressure, and water flow rate can be adjusted in real time to ensure the entire fuel cell operates at high efficiency and high stability. Example 2

[0045] This utility model also discloses a power generation system, including a hydrogen fuel cell with enhanced air exhaust heat recovery and utilization as in Embodiment 1.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell with increased air exhaust heat recovery, characterized by: Comprising, a battery stack comprising an air inlet, an air outlet and a hydrogen gas inlet; an air supply unit comprising an air compressor, an output end of the air compressor being connected to the air inlet through a first air inlet pipeline, an input end of the air compressor being connected to the outside through a second air inlet pipeline; a heat exchange unit comprising a gas-liquid heat exchanger and a water storage tank, the gas-liquid heat exchanger comprising an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the air inlet being connected to the air outlet through a first air outlet pipeline, the air outlet being connected to the outside through a second air outlet pipeline; the water storage tank being connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet through a water inlet pipeline and a water return pipeline respectively, a water pump being connected to the water inlet pipeline or the water return pipeline; a gas-liquid separation device connected to the second air outlet pipeline, a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation device being connected to the water storage tank; a hydrogen gas separation device connected to the second air outlet pipeline, a hydrogen gas outlet of the hydrogen gas separation device being connected to the hydrogen gas inlet.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: an air purifier connected to the second air outlet pipeline.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: a silencer is further provided on the second air outlet pipeline.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first valve is provided on the first air inlet pipeline, and a second valve is provided on the first air outlet pipeline.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: a chemical filter is provided on the second air inlet pipeline.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that: an air flow meter is provided on the second air inlet pipeline between the air compressor and the chemical filter.

7. The hydrogen fueled cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: a water flow meter is provided on the water inlet pipeline.

8. The hydrogen fueled cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: an intercooler is provided on the first air inlet pipeline.

9. The hydrogen fueled cell increasing air exhaust heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein: a first temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the first air inlet pipeline near the air inlet, a second temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the first air outlet pipeline near the air outlet, a third temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the second air outlet pipeline near the air outlet, a fourth temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the water inlet pipeline, and a fifth temperature and pressure sensor is provided on the water return pipeline.

10. A power generation system characterized by: A hydrogen fuel cell with increased air exhaust heat recovery, comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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