Automatic control device for accurate temperature increase of whole soil body of soil for ecological system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic control device for accurate temperature increase of a whole soil body of soil for an ecological system, which comprises one or more soil temperature increase control units arranged in a test area, each soil warming control unit comprises a soil heating device, a soil temperature monitoring device, a soil temperature signal transmission device, a soil warming automatic control device and a power switch; the soil heating device comprises a plurality of connected metal heating pipes, and a heating cable is arranged in each metal heating pipe; the soil temperature monitoring device comprises one or more groups of layered soil temperature sensors, and probes of the temperature sensors are used for detecting the temperature of soil at different depths in real time; the automatic soil temperature increasing control device comprises an automatic control cabinet, a PLC module arranged in the automatic control cabinet, an HMI touch screen and a power module. According to the utility model, the field real-time regulation and control of the temperature rise level of soil at different depths of various ecological systems can be realized under the unattended condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forest soil whole-body warming test simulation technology, and in particular to an automatic control device for precise whole-body soil warming of an ecosystem. Background Technology

[0002] Climate change is a major global challenge facing humanity today. Since 1880, the global average temperature has risen by 1.19 °C, and the atmospheric CO2 concentration has increased to 420 ppm. The organic matter stored in deep soil (soil below 20 cm depth) in global terrestrial ecosystems accounts for approximately 50% of the organic matter in soils within a 1-meter depth. Climate change will cause a large amount of deep soil organic matter to decompose and be released into the atmosphere as greenhouse gases, thus affecting atmospheric temperature and CO2 concentration. Simulating deep soil warming is an important means of studying the impact of climate change on deep soil biogeochemical cycles. However, due to technological limitations, existing methods such as infrared radiation heating or burying heating cables in the surface soil have limited effectiveness in warming deep soil. Furthermore, indoor simulated warming cultivation methods alter the microenvironment of deep soil, failing to accurately reflect soil biogeochemical cycles caused by climate change, and significantly limiting our understanding of the response of deep soil to global warming. In research fields such as environmental science, ecology, agronomy, forestry, and soil science, a considerable number of researchers need to utilize systems capable of automatically controlling the temperature rise of deep soil layers to study the impact of increased deep soil temperature on soil biogeochemical cycles. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement novel automatic control systems for whole-soil warming to address this issue. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an automatic control device for precise warming of soil throughout the ecosystem, which can realize real-time field regulation of soil temperature rise at different depths in ecosystems such as forests, farmlands, grasslands, and wetlands without human intervention.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution as follows: providing an automatic control device for precise soil warming of the entire soil body in an ecosystem, including one or more soil warming control units arranged in the test area, each soil warming control unit including a soil heating device, a soil temperature monitoring device, a soil temperature signal transmission device, an automatic soil warming control device, and a power switch;

[0005] The soil heating device includes multiple metal heating tubes, each containing a heating cable, and the heating cables in two adjacent metal heating tubes are connected by wires.

[0006] The soil temperature monitoring device includes one or more layers of soil temperature sensors, and the probes of the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of the soil at different depths in real time.

[0007] The automatic soil warming control device includes an automatic control cabinet, a PLC module, an HMI touch screen, and a power module installed inside the automatic control cabinet. The input end of the automatic control cabinet is connected to the soil temperature sensor through a soil temperature signal transmission device, and the output end is connected to the power switch. The output end of the power switch is connected to the heating cable through a wire.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the metal heating tube is treated with anti-corrosion measures and its internal space is filled with quartz sand.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the distance between two adjacent metal heating tubes is 45-55cm, and the heating power of the heating cable is 25-30 watts / meter.

[0010] Furthermore, the length and number of the metal heating tubes are determined according to the experimental requirements.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the number of the layered temperature sensors and the depth at which they are buried in the soil are determined according to the test requirements.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the power module includes a solid-state temperature controller and an energy meter.

[0013] Furthermore, the solid-state temperature controller is a 24V DC-controlled AC controller with a power of not less than 4 kilowatts.

[0014] Furthermore, the electricity meter is equipped with an RS-485 interface for transmitting electricity data to the HMI touch screen to record electricity usage.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top of the automatic control cabinet is equipped with a fan for heat dissipation of the internal electrical appliances, and the ventilation opening is equipped with a metal mesh to prevent foreign objects from entering.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the automatic control cabinet is designed to be lightning and rainproof.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model adopts the method of vertically inserting the heating tube into the soil, which can heat the soil at different soil depths with minimal soil disturbance, realize the effective control of the temperature increment of deep soil and the real-time field control of deep soil temperature rise in the absence of human intervention, and the materials are readily available, the design is simple, and the operation is convenient, meeting the equipment needs of related scientific research fields. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the automatic control device for precise temperature control of the entire soil body in an ecosystem according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the automatic control device for precise warming of the entire soil mass in an ecosystem.

[0020] Figure 3 These are comparison diagrams and temperature difference diagrams of soil temperature at depths of 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, and 70 cm in the warming zone and the control zone one year after the start of the experiment.

[0021] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Test area, 2. Soil heating device, 3. A set of layered soil temperature sensors, 4. Power switch, 5. Soil temperature signal transmission device, 6. Automatic control cabinet, 7. PLC module, 8. HMI touch screen, 9. Power module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 The embodiments of this utility model include:

[0024] An automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem includes one or more soil warming control units arranged in an experimental area 1. Each soil warming control unit includes a soil heating device 2, a soil temperature monitoring device, a soil temperature signal transmission device 5, an automatic soil warming control device, and a power switch 4. The experimental area 1 includes a control area and a warming area.

[0025] The soil heating device 2 includes multiple metal heating tubes, each containing a heating cable. The heating cables in adjacent metal heating tubes are connected by wires. Preferably, the wires are 220V wires and are sheathed in a metal braided tube. The metal heating tubes are treated for corrosion resistance, and their internal space is filled with quartz sand to ensure rapid heat transfer. The distance between adjacent metal heating tubes is 45-55cm, and the heating power of the heating cables is 25-30 watts / meter. The length and number of the metal heating tubes are determined according to experimental requirements.

[0026] The soil temperature monitoring device includes one or more layers of soil temperature sensors 3, all buried at different depths in the soil. The probes of the temperature sensors are made of food-grade stainless steel, and the sealing material is black flame-retardant epoxy resin. These sensors are used to detect the temperature of the soil at different depths in real time. The number of the layered temperature sensors and the depth at which they are buried in the soil are determined according to the experimental requirements.

[0027] The soil temperature signal transmission device 5 uses a signal transmission cable.

[0028] The automatic soil warming control device includes an automatic control cabinet 6, a PLC module 7, an HMI touch screen 8, and a power module 9, all housed within the cabinet. The input terminal of the automatic control cabinet 6 is connected to a soil temperature sensor via a soil temperature signal transmission device 5, and its output terminal is connected to a power switch 4. The output terminal of the power switch 4 is connected to a heating cable via a wire. Preferably, the PLC host program has a capacity of 48K bytes and an instruction processing speed of 0.05 microseconds per basic instruction. The HMI touch screen 8 is a high-performance embedded integrated touchscreen with a resolution of 4096×4096. Parameters such as the temperature rise rate, data recording, and data display of the heating system can be set via the display screen and controller. The power module includes a solid-state temperature controller and an energy meter. Furthermore, the solid-state temperature controller is a 24V DC controller with a power output of no less than 4 kilowatts. The energy meter has an RS-485 interface for transmitting energy data to the HMI touch screen to record electricity usage. In this example, the dimensions (height, width, depth) of the automatic control cabinet 6 are approximately 1600*600*600mm. The control cabinet requires heat dissipation treatment; internal electrical components are cooled by a top fan exhausting air outwards, while the bottom creates negative pressure to draw air inwards for cooling. Metal mesh is installed at the ventilation openings to prevent small animals such as ants and other foreign objects from entering. Furthermore, the automatic control cabinet 6 is designed for lightning and rain protection, and includes a rain cap.

[0029] In this example, metal heating tubes with a length of 80 cm are vertically inserted into a circular test area 1 with a diameter of 3 meters. The distance between two adjacent metal heating tubes is 50 cm. Multiple metal heating tubes are connected in series by a power cord, which is covered with a metal braided tubing. One end of the power cord is connected to the metal heating tube, and the other end is connected to an automatic soil warming control device.

[0030] Soil temperature sensors were buried at depths of 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm and 70 cm in test area 1 to monitor the soil temperature at these depths. One end of the soil temperature sensor was connected to a soil temperature transmission cable, and the other end of the soil temperature transmission cable was connected to a PLC module.

[0031] Soil temperature sensors in each test area are connected to the automated control cabinet for centralized data collection and storage.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 The working principle of this device is as follows: When using this invention to simulate soil warming tests, soil temperature sensors are first buried at different soil depths in test area 1 according to the test requirements to monitor the soil temperature in real time. Then, the temperature data is transmitted to the soil warming automatic control device. After recording, calculation, and operation, the temperature is controlled within a certain range. That is, heating stops when the temperature difference between the warming area and the control area in the test area is greater than 4℃, or heating starts when it is less than 4℃. It can also be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, within one year of operation of the device, the temperature in the warming zone at soil depths of 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, and 70 cm in the test area was higher than that in the control zone.

[0034] This invention enables real-time field control of soil temperature rise at different depths in forests without human intervention. The device is also applicable to ecosystems such as farmland, grassland, and wetlands.

[0035] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic control device for precise whole-soil heating in an ecosystem, characterized in that, It includes one or more soil warming control units arranged in the test area. Each soil warming control unit includes a soil heating device, a soil temperature monitoring device, a soil temperature signal transmission device, a soil warming automatic control device, and a power switch. The soil heating device includes multiple metal heating tubes, each containing a heating cable, and the heating cables in two adjacent metal heating tubes are connected by wires. The soil temperature monitoring device includes one or more layers of soil temperature sensors, and the probes of the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of the soil at different depths in real time. The automatic soil warming control device includes an automatic control cabinet, a PLC module, an HMI touch screen, and a power module installed inside the automatic control cabinet. The input end of the automatic control cabinet is connected to the soil temperature sensor through a soil temperature signal transmission device, and the output end is connected to the power switch. The output end of the power switch is connected to the heating cable through a wire.

2. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal heating tube is treated with anti-corrosion measures, and its internal space is filled with quartz sand.

3. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent metal heating tubes is 45-55cm, and the heating power of the heating cable is 25-30 watts / meter.

4. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length and number of the metal heating tubes are determined according to the experimental requirements.

5. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of layered temperature sensors and the depth at which they are buried in the soil are determined according to the test requirements.

6. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes a solid-state temperature controller and an energy meter.

7. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 6, characterized in that, The solid-state temperature controller is a 24V DC-controlled AC controller with a power of no less than 4 kilowatts.

8. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electricity meter is equipped with an RS-485 interface, which is used to transmit electricity data to the HMI touch screen to record electricity usage.

9. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the automatic control cabinet is equipped with a fan for cooling the internal electrical components, and the ventilation openings are fitted with metal mesh to prevent foreign objects from entering.

10. The automatic control device for precise whole-soil warming in an ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic control cabinet is designed to be lightning and rainproof.

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