Surge protection device, battery system and electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a surge protection device, a battery system and an electric device. The surge protection device comprises a first relay, a control circuit and a surge discharge circuit. The first relay is connected between the positive electrode of the battery and an electric load; the control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the first relay; the first end of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected with the first relay, the second end of the surge discharge circuit is grounded, and the control end of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected with the control circuit. According to the application, the control circuit controls the first relay to conduct the connection between the battery and the electric load, and also controls the surge discharge circuit to start working, so that the surge current formed when the first relay is conducted is reduced, and the first relay is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge surge current in a mode of actively starting the surge discharge circuit. And moreover, the electric load can be prevented from being damaged by the impact of surge current, the surge resistance of the battery is improved, and the use safety of the first relay and the electric load is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery protection technology, and in particular to a surge protection device, a battery system, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Hybrid and electric vehicles typically have a large number of capacitive loads in their battery systems. Therefore, when the battery system supplies power to the load, the moment the relay closes to connect the battery system to the load, an arcing phenomenon occurs. This arcing phenomenon generates a huge surge current in the battery system's power supply circuit, which can damage the relay and the load. In severe cases, it can even cause the relay or load to explode, leading to a safety accident. Therefore, improving the surge resistance of batteries is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a surge protection device, a battery system, and an electrical device that can actively open the surge discharge circuit to discharge the surge current generated in the battery power supply circuit when the first relay is turned on through the surge discharge circuit, thereby improving the battery's surge resistance and ensuring the safe use of the first relay and the electrical load.

[0004] Firstly, this application provides a surge protection device, including: a first relay, a control circuit, and a surge discharge circuit. The first relay is connected between the positive terminal of the battery and the electrical load; the control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first relay; the first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected to the first relay, the second terminal of the surge discharge circuit is grounded, and the control terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit; the surge discharge circuit is used to reduce the surge current generated when the first relay is turned on. This application, through the control circuit, controls the first relay to connect the battery and the electrical load while simultaneously controlling the surge discharge circuit to start working. By actively activating the surge discharge circuit, the surge current in the battery's power supply circuit is discharged to the ground terminal, thereby reducing the surge current in the power supply circuit. This actively activates surge protection, improving the surge resistance of the battery system. Furthermore, it prevents damage to the first relay due to excessive surge current flowing through it, and prevents the surge current from flowing to the electrical load, protecting the electrical load from the transient high-energy impact caused by the surge current, thus ensuring the safety of both the first relay and the electrical load.

[0005] In some embodiments, the surge discharge circuit includes: at least one surge discharge tube group, a conduction control circuit, and a discharge circuit. The surge discharge tube group includes at least two surge discharge tubes connected in series; the control terminal of the conduction control circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the conduction control circuit is used to conduct the surge discharge tube group; the surge discharge tube group is grounded through the discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit is used to discharge the surge current generated when the first relay is turned on to the ground terminal when the surge discharge tube group is turned on. This application, by setting multiple surge discharge tubes connected in series to form a surge discharge tube group, ensures that each surge discharge tube in series divides its own voltage during the surge current discharge process, so that the voltage divided by each surge discharge tube does not exceed its breakdown voltage, thereby achieving protection for the surge discharge tubes.

[0006] In some embodiments, when there are two or more surge discharge pipe groups, the first surge discharge pipe of at least one surge discharge pipe group is connected in parallel with the first surge discharge pipe of another surge discharge pipe group; the remaining surge discharge pipes in at least one surge discharge pipe group other than the first surge discharge pipe are connected in parallel with the remaining surge discharge pipes in another surge discharge pipe group other than the first surge discharge pipe; wherein, the first surge discharge pipe is the surge discharge pipe in the surge discharge pipe group that is directly electrically connected to the first relay. This application, by connecting multiple surge discharge pipe groups in parallel, allows the surge current in the power supply circuit to be simultaneously transmitted to the discharge circuit for discharge through multiple conducting surge discharge pipe groups, thereby improving the discharge speed of the surge current.

[0007] In some embodiments, the conduction control circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a first switch; the first terminal of the first switch is grounded through the first voltage divider resistor, the control terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the second terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the connection point of two adjacent surge discharge pipes in the surge discharge pipe group through the second voltage divider resistor. This application achieves active conduction of the surge discharge pipe group by changing the voltage at the connection point of two adjacent surge discharge pipes, thereby realizing the active activation of the battery's surge protection function.

[0008] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit includes an energy storage unit group and a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit group; the energy storage unit group includes one energy storage unit or multiple energy storage units connected in series; a first end of the energy storage unit group is connected to a surge discharge tube group, and the other end of the energy storage unit group is connected to a ground terminal; wherein, the energy storage unit group is used to store the surge current discharged after the surge discharge tube is turned on, and to discharge the surge current to the ground terminal connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the discharge resistor. In this application, during the process of the surge discharge tube group discharging the surge current, the energy storage unit group can store all the surge current. After the surge current is discharged, the energy storage unit group discharges the stored surge current to the ground terminal connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the discharge resistor, thereby completing the surge current discharge process.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the first relay and the electrical load. The surge current generated after the first relay is turned on can be discharged to the ground terminal through the surge discharge circuit, thereby protecting the electrical load from the impact of transient high energy caused by the surge current and ensuring the safe use of the electrical load.

[0010] In some embodiments, the surge protection device further includes a second relay and a current-limiting resistor; the first terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first relay, the second terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first relay through the current-limiting resistor, and the control terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to a control circuit. This application limits the generated surge current by using the second relay and the current-limiting resistor, and diverts the surge current flowing through the first relay, thereby protecting the first relay.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the battery and the first relay. By placing the surge discharge circuit between the battery and the first relay, this application ensures that the surge current is discharged first, and then the normal power supply from the battery is transmitted to the electrical load through the first relay, thereby ensuring the safety of the first relay and the electrical load.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control circuit includes a power supply, a second switch, and a controller; the controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the second switch, and the power supply is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first relay through the second switch. This application controls the on / off state of the second switch via the controller, thereby connecting the power supply to the control terminal of the first relay and controlling the conduction of the first relay.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a battery system that includes the surge protection device as described in the above embodiments.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device that includes a battery system as described in the above embodiments, the battery system being used to provide electrical energy.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of another surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another preferred surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0024] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the use of electric and hybrid vehicles is receiving increasing attention. The power battery systems of hybrid and electric vehicles typically contain a large number of capacitive loads. When power is supplied to these loads through the battery system, due to the inherent characteristics of the capacitive loads, an arcing phenomenon can occur the instant the relay closes to connect the battery system to the load. This arcing phenomenon generates a huge surge current in the battery system's discharge circuit, which can damage the relays and loads, and in severe cases, even cause the relays or loads to explode, leading to a safety accident.

[0030] Therefore, in order to solve the problem of excessive surge current being directly supplied to the electrical load by the battery system, causing damage to the electrical load and relay, this application provides a surge protection device, a battery system, and an electrical device. The control circuit controls the first relay to connect the battery and the electrical load, and at the same time controls the surge discharge circuit to start working, thereby reducing the surge current in the battery power supply circuit. This prevents the first relay from being damaged due to excessive surge current, and also prevents the surge current from flowing to the electrical load, thus protecting the electrical load from damage caused by transient high-energy impacts and ensuring the safe use of the first relay and the electrical load.

[0031] The battery pack disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system comprising the battery pack and battery system disclosed in this application can be used to construct such an electrical device. This allows for the activation of insulation protection when an insulation abnormality occurs in a battery module, causing the abnormally insulating battery module to stop working and ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

[0032] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery system as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0033] According to some embodiments of this application, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, the surge protection device includes: a first relay 100, a control circuit 200, and a surge discharge circuit 300. The first relay 100 is connected between the positive terminal of the battery 410 and the electrical load 420. The control circuit 200 is electrically connected to the control terminal 101 of the first relay 100. The first terminal 301 of the surge discharge circuit 300 is electrically connected to the first relay 100, the second terminal 302 of the surge discharge circuit 300 is grounded, and the control terminal 303 of the surge discharge circuit 300 is electrically connected to the control circuit 200. The surge discharge circuit 300 is used to reduce the surge current generated when the first relay 100 is turned on.

[0034] Specifically, battery 410 supplies power to electrical load 420 through the activated first relay 100, thus forming a power supply circuit for battery 410. Since electrical load 420 contains a capacitive load, a surge current with an extremely large value will be generated in the power supply circuit when the first relay 100 is activated. This surge current flows from battery 410 through the first relay 100 to electrical load 420, and an excessively large surge current can burn out both the first relay 100 and electrical load 420. Therefore, while control circuit 200 activates the first relay 100, it also activates surge discharge circuit 300, providing another current path for the surge current. This allows the surge current to flow through surge discharge circuit 300 to the ground terminal, thereby reducing the surge current in the power supply circuit of battery 410 when the first relay 100 is activated. Therefore, this application, through the control circuit 200, simultaneously controls the first relay 100 to connect the battery 410 and the electrical load 420, and also controls the surge discharge circuit 300 to start working. By actively activating the surge discharge circuit 300, the surge current in the power supply circuit of the battery 410 is discharged to the ground terminal, thereby reducing the surge current in the power supply circuit. This improves the surge resistance of the battery system by actively activating surge protection. Furthermore, it prevents damage to the first relay 100 due to excessive surge current flowing through it, and prevents surge current from flowing to the electrical load 420, thus protecting the electrical load 420 from the transient high-energy impact caused by surge current, ensuring the safe use of both the first relay and the electrical load.

[0035] In some embodiments, the surge discharge circuit includes: at least one surge discharge tube group, a conduction control circuit, and a discharge circuit. The surge discharge tube group includes at least two surge discharge tubes connected in series. The control terminal of the conduction control circuit is electrically connected to a control circuit, and the conduction control circuit is used to turn on the surge discharge tube group. The surge discharge tube group is grounded through the discharge circuit, which is used to discharge the surge current generated when the first relay is turned on to the ground terminal when the surge discharge tube group is turned on.

[0036] Specifically, when the control circuit controls the first relay to conduct, it also simultaneously controls the conduction control circuit to start working, ensuring that the voltage across the surge discharge tube meets the conduction condition of the surge discharge tube. This enables the surge discharge tube group to conduct, and the first relay is electrically connected to the discharge circuit through the conducting surge discharge tube group. This allows the surge current in the battery's power supply circuit to be discharged to the ground terminal through the discharge circuit, thereby reducing the surge current in the power supply circuit and improving the surge resistance of the battery system by actively activating surge protection. Furthermore, during the discharge of surge current, due to its extremely high current value, the surge discharge tube experiences a very large voltage drop, posing a risk of damage. Therefore, this application addresses this by setting multiple surge discharge tubes in series to form a surge discharge tube group. This ensures that after the surge current flows through the group, each surge discharge tube in series experiences its own voltage drop, preventing the voltage drop of each tube from exceeding its breakdown voltage, thus protecting the surge discharge tube.

[0037] In some embodiments, when there are two or more surge discharge pipe groups, the first surge discharge pipe of at least one surge discharge pipe group is connected in parallel with the first surge discharge pipe of another surge discharge pipe group; the remaining surge discharge pipes in at least one surge discharge pipe group other than the first surge discharge pipe are connected in parallel with the remaining surge discharge pipes in another surge discharge pipe group other than the first surge discharge pipe; wherein, the first surge discharge pipe is the surge discharge pipe in the surge discharge pipe group that is directly electrically connected to the first relay.

[0038] For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, at least one surge discharge pipe group includes a first surge discharge pipe group and a second surge discharge pipe group. The first surge discharge pipe group includes a first surge discharge pipe 311 and a second surge discharge pipe 312. The second surge discharge pipe group includes a third surge discharge pipe 321, a fourth surge discharge pipe 322 and a fifth surge discharge pipe 323.

[0039] The first surge discharge pipe 311 and the third surge discharge pipe 321 are connected in parallel. The second surge discharge pipe 312 is connected in parallel with the fourth surge discharge pipe 322 and the fifth surge discharge pipe 323, which are connected in series. The first surge discharge pipe 311 and the third surge discharge pipe 321 are both electrically connected to the first relay 100. The second surge discharge pipe 312 and the fifth surge discharge pipe 323 are grounded through the discharge circuit 330. The first surge discharge pipe 311 and the second surge discharge pipe 312 are electrically connected to the first node A. The third surge discharge pipe 321 and the fourth surge discharge pipe 322 are electrically connected to the second node B. The control terminal 341 of the conduction control circuit 340 is electrically connected to the control circuit 200. The conduction control circuit 340 is also electrically connected to the first node A and the second node B.

[0040] When the control circuit 200 controls the first relay 100 to conduct, the control circuit 200 also simultaneously controls the conduction control circuit 340 to start working. The conduction control circuit 340 changes the voltage at the first node A and the second node B, so that the voltage at both ends of the first surge discharge pipe 311 and the third surge discharge pipe 321 meets the conduction conditions of the first surge discharge pipe 311 and the third surge discharge pipe 321. When the first surge discharge pipe 311 and the third surge discharge pipe 321 conduct, the second surge discharge pipe 312, the fourth surge discharge pipe 324 and the fifth surge discharge pipe 323 will also conduct, thereby realizing the conduction of the first surge discharge pipe group and the second surge discharge pipe group. The first relay 100 is grounded through the discharge circuit 330, so that the surge current in the power supply circuit of the battery 410 is discharged to the ground terminal through the discharge circuit 330. This reduces the surge current in the power supply circuit and improves the surge resistance of the battery system by actively activating surge protection. Furthermore, this application utilizes a parallel connection of multiple surge discharge tube groups, allowing the surge current in the power supply circuit to be simultaneously transmitted to the discharge circuit 330 for discharge through multiple conducting surge discharge tube groups, thereby improving the surge current discharge speed. However, during the discharge process, due to the extremely high current value of the surge current, the voltage drop across the surge discharge tubes is extremely large, posing a risk of damage. Therefore, this application addresses this by setting multiple surge discharge tubes in series to form a surge discharge tube group. This ensures that after the surge current flows through the group, each surge discharge tube in series receives its own voltage drop, preventing the voltage drop across each tube from exceeding its breakdown voltage, thus protecting the surge discharge tubes.

[0041] It should be noted that at least one surge discharge pipe group includes a first surge discharge pipe group and a second surge discharge pipe group. The first surge discharge pipe group includes a first surge discharge pipe 311 and a second surge discharge pipe 312. The second surge discharge pipe group includes a third surge discharge pipe 321, a fourth surge discharge pipe 322 and a fifth surge discharge pipe 323. This is just an example. The number of surge discharge pipe groups and the number of surge discharge pipes need to be set according to the actual situation. No specific limit is made here.

[0042] In some embodiments, the surge discharge tube is a semiconductor discharge tube.

[0043] For example, at least one semiconductor discharge tube group includes a first semiconductor discharge tube group and a second semiconductor discharge tube group. The first semiconductor discharge tube group includes a first semiconductor discharge tube and a second semiconductor discharge tube, and the second semiconductor discharge tube group includes a third semiconductor discharge tube and a fourth semiconductor discharge tube. The first and second semiconductor discharge tube groups are connected in parallel. Both the first and second semiconductor discharge tube groups are electrically connected to a first relay. The first and second semiconductor discharge tube groups are also grounded through a discharge circuit. The first and second semiconductor discharge tubes are electrically connected to a first node, and the third and fourth semiconductor discharge tubes are electrically connected to a second node. The control terminal of the conduction control circuit is electrically connected to a control circuit, and the conduction control circuit is also electrically connected to the first and second nodes.

[0044] When the control circuit controls the first relay to conduct, it also simultaneously controls the conduction control circuit to start working. The conduction control circuit changes the voltage at the first and second nodes to ensure that the voltages across the first and third semiconductor discharge tubes meet their conduction conditions. Once the first and third semiconductor discharge tubes are conducting, the second and fourth semiconductor discharge tubes also conduct, thus connecting the first and second semiconductor discharge tube groups. This grounds the first relay through the discharge circuit, allowing the surge current in the battery's power supply circuit to be discharged to the ground terminal. This reduces the surge current in the power supply circuit and improves the battery system's surge resistance by actively activating surge protection. Furthermore, this application uses multiple semiconductor discharge tube groups connected in parallel, allowing the surge current in the power supply circuit to be simultaneously transmitted to the discharge circuit through multiple conducting semiconductor discharge tube groups for discharge, thereby increasing the surge current discharge speed. During surge current discharge, the extremely high current value causes a significant voltage drop across the semiconductor discharge tube, posing a risk of damage. Therefore, this application addresses this issue by connecting multiple semiconductor discharge tubes in series to form a semiconductor discharge tube group. This ensures that when the surge current flows through the group, each tube experiences its own voltage drop, preventing the voltage drop across any single tube from exceeding its breakdown voltage, thus protecting the semiconductor discharge tube. Furthermore, the semiconductor discharge tubes fail upon short-circuit failure, resulting in safer and more stable operation and avoiding safety issues caused by short circuits.

[0045] It should be noted that at least one semiconductor discharge tube group includes a first semiconductor discharge tube group and a second semiconductor discharge tube group. The first semiconductor discharge tube group includes a first semiconductor discharge tube and a second semiconductor discharge tube. The second semiconductor discharge tube group includes a third semiconductor discharge tube and a fourth semiconductor discharge tube. This is just an example. The number of semiconductor discharge tube groups and the number of semiconductor discharge tubes need to be set according to the actual situation. No specific limit is made here.

[0046] In some embodiments, the surge discharge tube is a transient voltage suppressor diode.

[0047] In some embodiments, the conduction control circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a first switch. The first terminal of the first switch is grounded through the first voltage divider resistor, the control terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the second terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the connection point of two adjacent surge discharge pipes in the surge discharge pipe group through the second voltage divider resistor.

[0048] Specifically, when the control circuit controls the first relay to conduct, it also controls the first switch to conduct. At this time, the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are electrically connected to the connection point of two adjacent surge discharge tubes in the surge discharge tube group. The voltage in the surge discharge tube group is divided by the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor, which reduces the voltage at the connection point and increases the voltage difference between the connection point and the two ends of the surge discharge tube between the first relay and the connection point. As a result, the surge discharge tube conducts because the conduction condition is met, and other surge discharge tubes connected in series will also conduct one after another. Thus, this application realizes the active conduction of the surge discharge tube group by changing the voltage at the connection point of two adjacent surge discharge tubes, thereby realizing the surge protection function of actively turning on the battery.

[0049] For example, the first switch may be, for instance, an optocoupler, a MOSFET, or other isolated switching device.

[0050] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit includes an energy storage unit group and a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit group; the energy storage unit group includes one energy storage unit or multiple energy storage units connected in series; a first end of the energy storage unit group is connected to a surge discharge pipe group, and the other end of the energy storage unit group is connected to a ground terminal; wherein, the energy storage unit group is used to store the surge current discharged after the surge discharge pipe is turned on, and to discharge the surge current to the ground terminal connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the discharge resistor.

[0051] For example, let's take an energy storage unit group as an example of an energy storage capacitor group. After the first relay is turned on, the surge discharge tube group will also be turned on, outputting the surge current generated in the battery power supply circuit to the energy storage capacitor group through the surge discharge tube group. The energy storage capacitor group can be configured with one large-capacity energy storage capacitor or multiple small-capacity energy storage capacitors connected in series. The specific configuration can be determined according to the circuit design cost and circuit size requirements, as long as it can meet the surge current storage capacity. During the surge current discharge process of the surge discharge tube group, the energy storage capacitor group stores all the surge current. When the voltage across the surge discharge tubes in the surge discharge tube group meets the turn-off condition, that is, when the voltage at the connection point between the battery power supply circuit and the surge discharge tube group is lower than the turn-off voltage of the surge discharge tubes, all the surge discharge tubes in the surge discharge tube group are turned off. At this time, the energy storage capacitor group discharges the stored surge current through the discharge resistor to the ground terminal connected to the negative terminal of the battery, thereby completing the surge current discharge process. Furthermore, the setting of the discharge resistor can prevent the energy storage capacitor bank from discharging too quickly, which could lead to problems such as performance degradation, capacity changes, or shortened lifespan of the capacitors in the energy storage capacitor bank.

[0052] It should be noted that the energy storage unit group can also be electronic components that can store electricity other than energy storage capacitor groups, such as energy storage inductor groups. The specific selection of components needs to be based on the actual situation, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the first relay and the electrical load.

[0054] Specifically, the surge protection device also includes a protection circuit for the first relay. Since the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the first relay and the electrical load, the surge current generated after the first relay is turned on will flow through the first relay and then be discharged to the ground terminal through the surge discharge circuit. Therefore, in order to prevent the first relay from being damaged by the surge current, this application also needs to set a protection circuit for the first relay so that after both the first relay and the surge discharge circuit are turned on, the first relay will not be damaged due to the existence of the protection circuit, and the surge current will be discharged to the ground terminal through the surge discharge circuit and will not be output to the electrical load. This improves the surge protection capability of the battery system and ensures the safe use of the first relay and the electrical load.

[0055] In some embodiments, the surge protection device further includes a second relay and a current-limiting resistor; the first terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first relay, the second terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first relay through the current-limiting resistor, and the control terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the control circuit.

[0056] Specifically, before activating the first relay, the control circuit first activates the second relay. The activation of the second relay also generates a significant inrush current, but this current is reduced by the current-limiting resistor. After the second relay is activated, the control circuit simultaneously activates both the first relay and the surge discharge circuit. Although a surge current still exists in the battery's power supply circuit, it is limited and reduced by the current-limiting resistor, and the surge current continues to be transmitted to the surge discharge circuit through the second relay. Therefore, the first relay will not be damaged, and the surge discharge circuit continues to discharge the remaining surge current. This application achieves surge protection for the first relay through the second relay and the current-limiting resistor, while the surge discharge circuit provides surge protection for the electrical load, thereby improving the surge protection capability of the battery system.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the battery and the first relay.

[0058] Specifically, the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the battery and the first relay. Therefore, when the first relay and the surge discharge circuit are turned on, the surge current generated in the battery's power supply circuit will first be discharged to the ground terminal by the surge discharge circuit. When the voltage in the power supply circuit drops, the surge discharge circuit will be turned off. At this time, the normal power supply of the battery will be transmitted to the electrical load through the first relay. Thus, by setting the surge discharge circuit between the battery and the first relay, this application ensures that the surge current is discharged first, and then the normal power supply of the battery will be transmitted to the electrical load through the first relay, thereby ensuring the safety of the first relay and the electrical load.

[0059] In some embodiments, the control circuit includes a power supply, a second switch, and a controller; the controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the second switch, and the power supply is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first relay through the second switch.

[0060] Specifically, the controller connects the power supply to the control terminal of the first relay by controlling the opening and closing of the second switch, thereby controlling the conduction of the first relay.

[0061] For example, the second switch may be, for instance, an optocoupler, a MOSFET, or other isolated switching device.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the surge protection device includes a first relay 100, a second relay 110, a current-limiting resistor R1, a controller 210, a second switch 220, a third switch 230, a power supply 240, a first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, a second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, a third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, a fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4, a first switch 350, a first voltage divider resistor R2, a second voltage divider resistor R3, an energy storage capacitor bank C, and a discharge resistor R4.

[0063] Battery 410 is electrically connected to electrical load 420 via first relay 100. The first terminal of second relay 110 is electrically connected to the first terminal of first relay 100. The second terminal of second relay 110 is electrically connected to the second terminal of first relay 100 via current-limiting resistor R1. The control terminal of first relay 100 is electrically connected to power supply 240 via second switch 220. The control terminal of second relay 110 is electrically connected to power supply 240 via third switch 230. The control terminals of second switch 220 and third switch 230 are both electrically connected to controller 210. The second terminal of the first relay 100 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor group C through the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1 and the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2. The second terminal of the first relay 100 is also electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor group C through the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3 and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4. The first semiconductor discharge tube Q1 and the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2 are electrically connected to the first node A, and the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3 and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4 are electrically connected to the second node B. The first node A and the second node B are both electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch 350 through the first voltage divider resistor R2. The second terminal of the first switch 350 is grounded through the second voltage divider resistor R3. The control terminal of the first switch 350 is electrically connected to the controller 210. The energy storage capacitor group C is also electrically connected to the cathode of the battery 410 through the discharge resistor R4 to the same grounding terminal.

[0064] Specifically, the controller 210 first connects the power supply 240 to the control terminal of the second relay 110 via the third switch 230, thereby turning on the second relay 110. The surge current generated after the second relay 110 turns on is limited and reduced by the current-limiting resistor R1, thus ensuring that the surge current flowing through the first relay 100 is not too large after the first relay 100 turns on, thereby protecting the first relay 100. After the second relay 110 turns on, the controller connects the power supply 240 to the control terminal of the first relay 100 via the second switch 220, turning on the first relay 100. The controller also simultaneously turns on the first switch 350, electrically connecting the first voltage divider resistor R2 and the second voltage divider resistor R3 to the first node A and the second node B. This ensures that the voltages across the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1 and the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3 meet the conduction conditions, thereby turning on the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4. This achieves active control of the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4 while simultaneously turning on the first relay 100, thus enabling active surge protection. The surge current generated in the power supply circuit of battery 410 is transferred to the energy storage capacitor bank C. During the charging process of energy storage capacitor bank C using surge current, when the voltage of the power supply circuit drops and fails to meet the conduction condition of the semiconductor discharge tubes, the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4 are all turned off. The energy storage capacitor bank C then discharges the stored energy to the ground terminal through the discharge resistor R4. This realizes the discharge of the surge current in the power supply circuit of battery 410 after the first relay 100 is turned on, thereby reducing the surge current in the power supply circuit and improving the surge resistance of the battery system.

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another preferred surge protection device according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the surge protection device includes a first relay 100, a controller 210, a second switch 220, a third switch 230, a power supply 240, a first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, a second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, a third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, a fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4, a first switch 350, a first voltage divider resistor R2, a second voltage divider resistor R3, an energy storage capacitor bank C, and a discharge resistor R4.

[0066] Battery 410 is electrically connected to electrical load 420 via first relay 100. The control terminal of first relay 100 is electrically connected to power supply 240 via second switch 220. The control terminal of second switch 220 is electrically connected to controller 210. The first terminal of first relay 100 is electrically connected to energy storage capacitor group C via first semiconductor discharge tube Q1 and second semiconductor discharge tube Q2. The first terminal of first relay 100 is also electrically connected to energy storage capacitor group C via third semiconductor discharge tube Q3 and fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4. First semiconductor discharge tube Q1 and second semiconductor discharge tube Q2 are electrically connected to first node A. Third semiconductor discharge tube Q3 and fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4 are electrically connected to second node B. First node A and second node B are both electrically connected to the first terminal of first switch 350 via first voltage divider resistor R2. The second terminal of first switch 350 is grounded via second voltage divider resistor R3. The control terminal of first switch 350 is electrically connected to controller 210. Energy storage capacitor group C is also electrically connected to the cathode of battery 410 via discharge resistor R4 to the same ground terminal.

[0067] Specifically, the controller 210 connects the power supply 240 to the control terminal of the first relay 100 via the second switch 220, thus turning on the first relay 100. Simultaneously, the controller also controls the first switch 350 to connect the first voltage divider resistor R2 and the second voltage divider resistor R3 to the first node A and the second node B. This ensures that the voltages across the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1 and the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3 meet the conduction conditions, thereby turning on the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4. This achieves active surge protection while simultaneously turning on the first relay 100, enabling proactive surge protection activation. The protection system transmits the surge current generated in the power supply circuit of battery 410 to the energy storage capacitor bank C. During the charging process of the energy storage capacitor bank C using the surge current, when the voltage of the power supply circuit drops, causing it to no longer meet the conduction conditions of the semiconductor discharge tubes, the first semiconductor discharge tube Q1, the second semiconductor discharge tube Q2, the third semiconductor discharge tube Q3, and the fourth semiconductor discharge tube Q4 are all turned off. The energy storage capacitor bank C then discharges the stored energy to the ground terminal through the discharge resistor R4. This achieves the discharge of the surge current existing in the power supply circuit of battery 410 after the first relay 100 is turned on, thereby reducing the surge current in the power supply circuit and improving the surge resistance of the battery system.

[0068] This application also provides a battery system including multiple surge protection devices as described in the above embodiments.

[0069] It is understood that the battery system provided in this application embodiment can achieve the corresponding beneficial effects of any surge protection device provided in the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0070] This application also provides an electrical device including a battery system as described in the above embodiments, the battery system being used to provide electrical energy.

[0071] It is understood that the electrical device provided in this application embodiment can achieve the corresponding beneficial effects of the battery system with insulation protection provided in the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0073] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to these embodiments, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A surge protection device, characterized by include: The first relay is connected between the positive terminal of the battery and the electrical load. The control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first relay; A surge discharge circuit is provided, wherein a first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected to the first relay, a second terminal of the surge discharge circuit is grounded, and a control terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit; the surge discharge circuit is used to reduce the surge current generated when the first relay is turned on.

2. The surge protection device of claim 1, wherein, The surge discharge circuit includes: At least one surge discharge pipe assembly, comprising at least two surge discharge pipes connected in series; A conduction control circuit is provided, wherein the control terminal of the conduction control circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the conduction control circuit is used to conduct the surge discharge pipe group. The surge discharge circuit is grounded through the surge discharge pipe group. The surge discharge circuit is used to discharge the surge current generated when the first relay is turned on to the ground terminal when the surge discharge pipe group is turned on.

3. The surge protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When there are two or more surge discharge pipe groups, the first surge discharge pipe of at least one surge discharge pipe group is connected in parallel with the first surge discharge pipe of another surge discharge pipe group; the remaining surge discharge pipes in at least one surge discharge pipe group other than the first surge discharge pipe are connected in parallel with the remaining surge discharge pipes in another surge discharge pipe group other than the first surge discharge pipe; wherein, the first surge discharge pipe is the surge discharge pipe in the surge discharge pipe group that is directly electrically connected to the first relay.

4. The surge protection device of claim 2, wherein, The conduction control circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a first switch; The first terminal of the first switch is grounded through the first voltage divider resistor, the control terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the second terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the connection point of two adjacent surge discharge pipes in the surge discharge pipe group through the second voltage divider resistor.

5. The surge protection device of claim 2, wherein, The discharge circuit includes an energy storage unit group and a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit group; the energy storage unit group includes one energy storage unit or multiple energy storage units connected in series. The first end of the energy storage unit group is connected to the surge discharge pipe group, and the other end of the energy storage unit group is connected to the grounding end; The energy storage unit group is used to store the surge current discharged after the surge discharge pipe is turned on, and to discharge the surge current to the ground terminal connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the discharge resistor.

6. The surge protection device of claim 1, wherein, The first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the first relay and the electrical load.

7. The surge protection device of claim 6, wherein, The surge protection device also includes a second relay and a current-limiting resistor; The first terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first relay, the second terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first relay through the current-limiting resistor, and the control terminal of the second relay is electrically connected to the control circuit.

8. The surge protection device of claim 1, wherein, The first terminal of the surge discharge circuit is electrically connected between the battery and the first relay.

9. The surge protection device of claim 1, wherein, The control circuit includes a power supply, a second switch, and a controller; The controller is electrically connected with the control end of the second switch, and the power supply is electrically connected with the control end of the first relay through the second switch.

10. A battery system characterized by, A surge protection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An electrical device, characterized by A battery system as claimed in claim 10, the battery system being used to provide electrical energy.

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