Simple harmonic motion analysis device based on torsional pendulum under magnetic field condition and teaching equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of simple harmonic motion analysis under the action of a magnetic field, in particular to a simple harmonic motion analysis device and equipment based on a torsional pendulum under a magnetic field condition, and the device comprises a magnetic field torsional pendulum mechanism, a data acquisition mechanism and a control mechanism, the magnetic field torsional pendulum mechanism comprises a torsional pendulum assembly and a magnetic field generation module, and a metal ball in the torsional pendulum assembly is located in a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation module. The data acquisition mechanism comprises an encoder and a photoelectric door, and the encoder is mounted on a rotating shaft of the metal ball and is in contact with the metal ball; the photoelectric door is arranged on a motion path of the metal ball, and when the encoder synchronously rotates along with the metal ball, the edge of a coded disc of the encoder passes through a detection area of the photoelectric door; and the control mechanism is connected with the encoder and the photoelectric door. According to the utility model, automatic data acquisition and processing can be realized, and the motion state of the pendulum ball can be accurately monitored in real time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field under the action of magnetic field simple harmonic motion analysis, especially point to a kind of simple harmonic motion analysis device and equipment based on torsion pendulum under magnetic field condition. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of physics, torsion pendulum motion is widely used in numerous physical experiments as an important model for studying the motion law of objects under the action of elastic torque due to its unique periodicity and simplicity. However, traditional torsion pendulum experimental devices have significant limitations. On the one hand, when constructing the model, only the simple harmonic motion under the action of gravity is considered, completely ignoring the influence of magnetic field on the torsion pendulum motion. This neglect in the context of research involving magnetic materials makes the understanding of related physical phenomena seriously insufficient, and it is difficult to fully analyze the physical principles involved.

[0003] On the other hand, traditional torsion pendulum devices have relatively single functions, mainly used for verifying the basic laws of simple harmonic motion, and have serious research capacity deficiencies when facing complex physical phenomena, making it difficult to meet the needs of in-depth scientific research and cutting-edge technology development. For example, in exploring the specific mechanism of magnetic field on pendulum ball motion, and how different magnetic field strengths and directions affect the key motion parameters such as pendulum ball motion trajectory, period, frequency, etc., the traditional device is not up to the task.

[0004] In addition, the measurement accuracy of traditional torsion pendulum experimental devices is limited by their mechanical structure, which easily introduces large errors during the experiment, making it difficult to meet the requirements of application scenarios with strict measurement accuracy. At the same time, in the data recording and processing link, traditional devices usually rely on manual recording, lack of automated data acquisition and analysis system, and cannot monitor the motion state of pendulum ball in real time and accurately. This greatly limits the detailed observation and in-depth analysis of dynamic changes in applications that require quick response and real-time feedback. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a simple harmonic motion analysis device and equipment based on torsion pendulum under magnetic field condition, the device comprises:

[0006] Magnetic field torsion pendulum mechanism, the magnetic field torsion pendulum mechanism includes torsion pendulum assembly and magnetic field generating module;The torsion pendulum assembly includes fixed support and metal ball, the metal ball is hung on the fixed support, and the metal ball is located in the magnetic field space generated by the magnetic field generating module;

[0007] A data collection mechanism, the data collection mechanism comprising an encoder and a photoelectric gate, the encoder being mounted on a rotating shaft of the metal ball and being in contact with the metal ball, and the photoelectric gate being arranged on a movement path of the metal ball, when the encoder rotates synchronously with the metal ball, an edge of a code disc of the encoder passing through a detection area of the photoelectric gate;

[0008] and a control mechanism, the control mechanism being connected with the encoder and the photoelectric gate.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the magnetic field generating module comprises a Helmholtz coil, the Helmholtz coil being composed of a pair of identical circular coils which are placed on the same axis and are at a certain distance from each other, and the metal ball being located in a space between the two circular coils.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the magnetic field generating module further comprises a power module, the power module being connected with the Helmholtz coil.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the power module is a direct current power supply.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the control mechanism is connected with the power module.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, an edge of a code disc of the encoder is provided with an alternating pattern of light-transmitting and light-blocking, when the code disc rotates synchronously with the metal ball, the light-transmitting and light-blocking patterns alternately pass through the detection area of the photoelectric gate.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the control mechanism comprises a data analysis module, the data analysis module being connected with the encoder.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, the data analysis module is connected with the photoelectric gate.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, the data analysis module is an Arduino development board.

[0017] The present application also provides a teaching device comprising the simple harmonic motion analysis device based on a torsional pendulum under a magnetic field condition.

[0018] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] The utility model discloses a data acquisition mechanism that utilizes encoder and photoelectric gate, can accurately measure the motion data of metal ball, and through the control mechanism connection encoder and photoelectric gate, by control mechanism carries out synchronization, realizes the data acquisition and processing of automation, can real -time, accurate monitoring swing ball movement state, satisfies the application scene of the requirement of strict and need quick response and real -time feedback to measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to make the content of the utility model more easily be clearly understood, below according to the specific embodiment of the utility model and combining with the drawings, the utility model is further detailed, wherein,

[0021] Figure 1 It is a kind of simple harmonic motion analysis device structure schematic diagram based on magnetic field under torsional pendulum provided in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic diagram of magnetic field generation module;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the connection schematic diagram of data acquisition mechanism and control mechanism;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of encoder;

[0025] Description of the drawings of the specification:

[0026] 1, magnetic field torsional pendulum mechanism;11, torsional pendulum subassembly;111, fixed support;112, metal ball;12, magnetic field generation module;121, helmholtz coil;122, power module;

[0027] 2, data acquisition mechanism;21, encoder;22, photoelectric gate;

[0028] 3, control mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The utility model is further explained in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiment, so that the person skilled in the art can better understand the utility model and can be implemented, but the embodiment is not as the limitation of the utility model.

[0030] Embodiment one

[0031] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the utility model provides a kind of simple harmonic motion analysis device based on magnetic field under torsional pendulum, the device includes: magnetic field torsional pendulum mechanism 1, data acquisition mechanism 2 and control mechanism 3;

[0032] The magnetic field torsion mechanism 1 comprises a torsion assembly 11 and a magnetic field generating module 12; the torsion assembly 11 comprises a fixed support 111 and a metal ball 112, the metal ball 112 is hung on the fixed support 111, and the metal ball 112 is located in the magnetic field space generated by the magnetic field generating module 12;

[0033] The data acquisition mechanism 2 comprises an encoder 21 and a photoelectric gate 22, the encoder 21 is installed on the rotating shaft of the metal ball 112 and is in contact with the metal ball 112; the photoelectric gate 22 is arranged on the movement path of the metal ball 112, when the encoder 21 rotates synchronously with the metal ball 112, the edge of the code disc of the encoder 21 passes through the detection area of the photoelectric gate 22;

[0034] The control mechanism 3 is connected with the encoder 21 and the photoelectric gate 22, so as to acquire the motion parameters of the metal ball 112 in real time.

[0035] According to the above technical scheme, the metal ball 112 is placed in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating module 12, the encoder 21 is directly connected with the metal ball 112 and rotates synchronously, and the rotation condition of the metal ball 112 can be accurately perceived. The photoelectric gate 22 cooperates with the encoder 21, the light transmission condition of the edge of the code disc is detected, and the angular displacement and angular velocity of the metal ball 112 are further accurately acquired. The control mechanism 3 is connected with the encoder 21 and the photoelectric gate 22, the acquired motion parameters are analyzed, the researchers can clearly observe and analyze the specific influence of the magnetic field strength, direction and other factors on the torsion motion of the metal ball 112, and the internal law between the magnetic field and the torsion harmonic motion can be further explored.

[0036] In addition, the connection mode between each mechanism and component makes the whole device compact in structure and small in space occupation. At the same time, this layout also conforms to the logical order of experimental operation, from the generation of the magnetic field, the occurrence of the motion to the acquisition and processing of the data, each link is closely connected, which is convenient for the operator to set up and operate the experiment.

[0037] Further, the magnetic field generating module 12 comprises a Helmholtz coil 121 and a power supply module 122 connected with the Helmholtz coil 121, the Helmholtz coil is composed of a pair of same circular coils which are placed on the same axis and are apart from each other at a certain distance, and the metal ball 112 is located in the space between the two circular coils.

[0038] Preferably, the power supply module 122 is a direct current power supply, and the control mechanism 3 is connected with the power supply module 122 to control the opening of the power supply.

[0039] Referring to Figure 4The code disc edge of the encoder 21 is provided with an alternating pattern of light transmission and non-transmission, and when the code disc rotates synchronously with the metal ball 112, the light transmission and non-transmission pattern alternately passes through the detection area of the photoelectric gate 22, and the photoelectric gate 22 outputs high and low potential signals according to the passing of light (high potential represents that infrared rays pass through the transparent part, and low potential represents that infrared rays are blocked by the black part).

[0040] Further, the control mechanism 3 includes a data analysis module, preferably an Arduino development board, and the data transmission interfaces of the Arduino development board are connected with the encoder 21 and the photoelectric gate 22, and the Arduino development board is responsible for synchronizing the simple harmonic motion analysis system of the torsional pendulum in the magnetic field in embodiment two. The Arduino development board receives the high and low potential signals of the photoelectric gate 22, and accordingly accurately measures the rotation angle of the rotating disc, and records the angular displacement change of the metal ball 112 in real time, and can also measure the angular velocity, displacement and other motion parameters of the metal ball by detecting the light shielding time interval.

[0041] The working principle of the application will be described in detail in combination with the device structure as follows:

[0042] Firstly, the metal ball 112 and the suspension wire are positioned to ensure that the center of gravity of the metal ball 112 is aligned with the axis. Then, the metal body above the suspension wire is rotated to give the torsional pendulum assembly 11 an initial torsional angle.

[0043] Under the action of the gravity and external force, the metal ball 112 makes a simple harmonic motion under the action of the gravity and external force. In the rotating process of the metal ball 112, the encoder 21 rotates synchronously, and the photoelectric gate 22 captures the angular displacement change data of the encoder 21, that is, the angular displacement change data of the metal ball 112. These data are transmitted to the LabVIEW interface through the Arduino development board, and the motion trajectory of the torsional pendulum ball can be dynamically visualized by means of the LabVIEW interface. At the same time, the exported data are finely processed and fitted by using the MATLAB software.

[0044] The Helmholtz coil 121 is powered by the power module 122 to create a magnetic field environment, the Arduino development board performs data fitting calculation on the motion data of the metal ball in the magnetic field with the same intensity and different angles, obtains the influence factor γ of the magnetic field on the metal ball, and based on the calculated influence factor γ, combines the expression of the resultant moment of the pendulum ball under the joint action of the magnetic field force and the electric field force, analyzes the change rule of the motion characteristics of the torsional pendulum motion when the magnetic field and the internal magnetic dipole moment of the metal ball interact, and thus deeply understands the specific influence of the magnetic field on the simple harmonic motion of the torsional pendulum, thereby providing a theoretical basis for related physical research and application.

[0045] The calculation formula of the influence factor γ of the magnetic field on the metal ball is as follows: The calculation formula of the influence factor γ of the magnetic field on the metal ball is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, B is magnetic induction intensity, alpha is the angle between the magnetic field direction and the plane of the pendulum movement, sigma represents the conductivity of the metal ball, and rho represents the material density of the metal ball.

[0048] Embodiment two

[0049] The utility model further provides a kind of teaching equipment, including the simple harmonic motion analysis device of torsional pendulum based on magnetic field situation described in embodiment one.In classroom teaching, as the teaching tool of physics experiment course, help student visually observe and understand the influence of magnetic field on torsional pendulum simple harmonic motion.By the actual operation of the device, student can more deeply master the relevant knowledge of electromagnetics and mechanics, such as the generation of magnetic field, the action of moment and the law of simple harmonic motion etc.

[0050] In addition to the above application scenarios, the application scenarios of the utility model further include: for manufacturing some electromagnetic drive equipment, the most basic physical theory model and experimental reference can be provided;In the field of material engineering, the elastic modulus and damping ratio of material can be determined using the experimental device, and the torsional pendulum device can be used for cyclic loading test to evaluate the fatigue performance of material under repeated stress.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, and are not limited to the implementation. For ordinary skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, all the implementation is not required and cannot be exhausted. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for analyzing simple harmonic motion based on torsion pendulum in a magnetic field, characterized by, The application relates to a simple harmonic motion analysis device based on a magnetic field torsion mechanism. The magnetic field torsion mechanism comprises a torsion assembly and a magnetic field generating module. The torsion assembly comprises a fixed support and a metal ball, the metal ball is hung on the fixed support, and the metal ball is located in a magnetic field space generated by the magnetic field generating module. The data acquisition mechanism comprises an encoder and a photoelectric gate, the encoder is installed on a rotating shaft of the metal ball and is in contact with the metal ball, the photoelectric gate is arranged on a movement path of the metal ball, and when the encoder rotates synchronously with the metal ball, an edge of a code disc of the encoder passes through a detection area of the photoelectric gate. The control mechanism is connected with the encoder and the photoelectric gate.

2. The device for analyzing simple harmonic motion of torsion pendulum in magnetic field case according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field generating module comprises a Helmholtz coil which is composed of a pair of same circular coils which are placed on the same axis and are apart from each other at a distance, and the metal ball is located in a space between the two circular coils.

3. The device for analyzing the simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field situation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic field generating module further comprises a power module which is connected with the Helmholtz coil.

4. The device for analyzing simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field case according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power module is a direct current power supply.

5. The device for analyzing simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field case according to claim 3, wherein The control mechanism is connected with the power module.

6. The device for analyzing simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field situation according to claim 1, wherein The edge of the code disc of the encoder is provided with an alternating pattern of light transmission and light shielding, and when the code disc rotates synchronously with the metal ball, the pattern of light transmission and light shielding alternately passes through the detection area of the photoelectric gate.

7. The device for analyzing simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field situation according to claim 1, wherein The control mechanism comprises a data analysis module which is connected with the encoder.

8. The device for analyzing the simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field situation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data analysis module is connected with the photoelectric gate.

9. The device for analyzing simple harmonic motion of a torsion pendulum in a magnetic field case according to claim 7, wherein The data analysis module is an Arduino development board.

10. A teaching apparatus characterized by comprising: The application further discloses a simple harmonic motion analysis device based on a magnetic field torsion mechanism.

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