Rape and flowering Chinese cabbage harvesting device with high automation precision
By designing an adjustable-height cutting blade and transfer device, combined with tracks and low-pressure tires, the high cost and precision issues of existing equipment have been solved, achieving efficient and low-cost rapeseed harvesting, which is suitable for small and medium-sized farmers.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520409147.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing mechanized rapeseed harvesting equipment relies on expensive smart sensors and complex structures, making it unacceptable to small and medium-sized farmers. Furthermore, issues such as cutting accuracy and impurity contamination are prominent.
A highly automated and precise rapeseed shoot harvesting device was designed, which uses a height-adjustable cutter and a transfer device, combined with a crawler and low-pressure tires to reduce soil compaction and plant damage. The cutting height is adjusted by a screw and guide rod, and a belt conveyor and screen plate structure are used to reduce costs and impurity contamination.
It enables high-precision cutting and low-cost harvesting in small and medium-scale production, reduces crop collisions and impurities, lowers equipment maintenance difficulty and purchase costs, and is suitable for small and medium-sized farmers.
Smart Images
Figure CN223816522U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural implements, and particularly relates to a rapeseed stem harvesting device with high automation and precision. BACKGROUND
[0002] Rapeseed stems, as valuable edible stems that are gestated by rapeseed in a specific growth cycle, contain rich economic and nutritional values. It is worth mentioning that a large number of scientific researches show that appropriate stem picking treatment not only does not cause negative effects on the final yield of rapeseed, but also helps to adjust the growth state of the plant, improve the overall stress resistance and yield potential of rapeseed. Therefore, stem picking is regarded as a scientific and efficient rapeseed planting management measure, which has important significance for increasing the income of farmers and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Under this background, accelerating the research and application of the mechanized production of rapeseed stems has become an important way to improve the added value of rapeseed and promote the transformation and upgrading of the rapeseed industry. However, the current rapeseed stem harvesting operation mainly relies on manual operation, which not only has low efficiency and great labor intensity, but also is helpless in ensuring the uniformity of stem quality and improving the commodity rate.
[0003] Some mechanized devices have high dependence on advanced intelligent sensors and precise electronic control systems in improving cutting precision, and the application of these technologies significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. However, the introduction of these high-tech devices also brings problems that cannot be ignored: high purchase cost and complex structure design, which become major obstacles for small-scale producers to adopt such technologies. For small-scale farmers with limited funds and weak technical foundation, the high threshold of these mechanized devices undoubtedly increases their operating pressure and limits their pace on the road of modern agricultural production. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides a rapeseed stem harvesting device with high automation and precision to solve the problem that some mechanized devices have high dependence on advanced intelligent sensors and precise electronic control systems in improving cutting precision, high purchase cost and complex structure design, which become major obstacles for small-scale producers to adopt such technologies.
[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A rapeseed stem harvesting device with high automation and precision, comprising a vehicle frame, a cutting knife and an adjusting device for adjusting the height of the cutting knife are arranged at one end of the vehicle frame, a transfer device and a material collecting bin are further arranged on the vehicle frame, the height of the material collecting bin is higher than that of the cutting knife, and the transfer device is used to transport the material cut by the cutting knife into the material collecting bin.
[0007] The technical scheme is characterized in that the vehicle frame is provided with tracks, the wheelbase between the tracks is adjustable within the range of 80-120 cm, the tracks are provided with low-pressure tires to reduce the compaction of soil and the damage to plant roots, the cutting knife is provided with high-strength alloy steel blades (30±2 cm in width), and the cutting height of the cutting knife from the ground is 3.0±0.3 cm under the action of the adjusting device, with an error of not more than ±0.2 cm; the material collecting bin has a volume of about 20 L, and the material collecting bin has a certain height, which can effectively reduce the collision of the stalks and the mixing of impurities under high planting density.
[0008] Preferably, the height adjusting device comprises a screw rod and a guide rod arranged at one end of the vehicle frame, the screw rod is vertically arranged and rotationally connected with the vehicle frame, the guide rod is parallel to the screw rod, the cutting knife is threadedly connected with the screw rod, and the cutting knife is sleeved on the guide rod.
[0009] In the technical scheme, the screw rod is arranged to adjust the height of the cutting knife, the cutting knife is threadedly connected with the screw rod, and thus the screw rod can be rotated to drive the cutting knife to rise or fall, so as to adjust the height of the cutting knife, and the guide rod is arranged to limit the cutting knife to prevent the cutting knife from rotating with the screw rod.
[0010] Preferably, a scale is arranged on the guide rod and arranged along the height of the guide rod.
[0011] In the technical scheme, the scale is arranged to assist the worker in adjusting the height of the cutting knife, so that the height of the cutting knife can be more accurately adjusted.
[0012] Preferably, the transfer device includes a first conveyor, a second conveyor, and a third conveyor. The first conveyor is mounted on the frame and located behind the cutting blade. The first conveyor is arranged along the length of the cutting blade. The second conveyor is located below one end of the first conveyor and is parallel to the first conveyor. The third conveyor is located on one side of the second conveyor, and the end of the third conveyor away from the second conveyor is inclined upward and extends above the collection bin.
[0013] In this technical solution, it should be noted that all three conveyors are belt conveyors driven by motors. The function of the first conveyor is to transfer the rapeseed cut by the cutting blade to the second conveyor, the second conveyor then transfers the rapeseed to the third conveyor, and finally, the third conveyor transfers the rapeseed to the collection bin at a higher position.
[0014] Preferably, the frame is also provided with a material pushing device, which includes a rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the frame. The rotation is driven by a motor, and the rotating shaft is located above and behind the cutting blade. The rotating shaft is provided with several push rods.
[0015] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the pushing device is used to push the rapeseed cut by the cutting blade onto the first conveyor or the second conveyor. The pushing device specifically includes a rotating shaft and a push rod. The rotating shaft is driven by an electric motor to rotate. After the rotating shaft rotates, it drives the push rod to rotate. After the push rod rotates, it pushes the rapeseed cut by the cutting blade onto the first conveyor or the second conveyor.
[0016] Preferably, the frame is provided with a sieve plate, the sieve plate is provided with a plurality of sieve holes, and the sieve plate is located below the rotating shaft.
[0017] In this technical solution, it should be noted that soil may adhere to the rapeseed after cutting. The soil will enter the collection bin along with the rapeseed. If too much soil accumulates in the collection bin, it will not only be difficult to clean, but will also affect the quality of the rapeseed. Based on this, this solution is equipped with a sieve plate, which can filter out some of the soil on the rapeseed through the sieve holes, thereby reducing the amount of soil adhering to the rapeseed.
[0018] Preferably, a spring is connected to the bottom of the sieve plate, and the other end of the spring away from the sieve plate is connected to the vehicle frame. The length of the push rod is greater than the distance between the rotating shaft and the sieve plate.
[0019] In this technical solution, it should be noted that since the length of the push rod is greater than the distance between the rotating shaft and the sieve plate, the push rod will contact the sieve plate once every time the rotating shaft rotates once, and squeeze the sieve plate, causing the sieve plate to move downward. When the push rod separates from the sieve plate, the sieve plate moves upward to reset by the action of the spring. This cycle is repeated, which can realize the continuous up and down vibration of the sieve plate. This can not only clear the soil clogging the sieve holes, but also drive the rapeseed on the sieve plate to vibrate, so that the soil on the rapeseed can be removed more efficiently.
[0020] A highly automated and precise method for harvesting rapeseed flowering stems includes:
[0021] S1. Apply topdressing 7-10 days before the bolting stage of rapeseed, with 2-3 kg of pure nitrogen and 1-1.5 kg of potassium per mu to improve the uniformity of plant growth;
[0022] S2. Harvest when the stem height is 12-15cm and the stem diameter is 0.5-0.7cm, choosing a sunny time without dew.
[0023] S3. Adjust the wheel track of the frame and the height of the cutting blade according to the row spacing and plant density;
[0024] S4. Start the chassis, the cutting blade precisely cuts the scape, and the first, second and third conveyors send the scape into the collection bin;
[0025] S5. Replace or transfer the stems for centralized processing after the collection bin is full.
[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0027] 1. In this utility model, the height of the cutting blade can be adjusted by the height adjustment device to achieve precise height cutting of rapeseed scapes. The cut rapeseed can be transferred to the collection bin located at a higher position by the transfer device. This design can effectively reduce scape collision and impurity mixing even under high planting density. It does not require an expensive electronic control system, reducing costs and maintenance difficulty, and is conducive to promotion among small and medium-sized producers.
[0028] 2. In this utility model, a screw is provided to adjust the height of the cutting blade. Since the cutting blade is threadedly connected to the screw, the cutting blade can be raised or lowered by rotating the screw, thereby adjusting the height of the cutting blade. The guide rod is provided to limit the cutting blade and prevent it from rotating with the screw.
[0029] 3. In this utility model, since the length of the push rod is greater than the distance between the rotating shaft and the sieve plate, the push rod will contact the sieve plate once every time the rotating shaft rotates once, and squeeze the sieve plate, causing the sieve plate to move downward. When the push rod separates from the sieve plate, the sieve plate moves upward to reset by the action of the spring. This cycle is repeated, which can realize the continuous up and down vibration of the sieve plate. It can not only clear the soil blocking the sieve holes, but also drive the rapeseed on the sieve plate to vibrate, so that the soil on the rapeseed can be removed more efficiently. Attached Figure Description
[0030] This utility model will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of part of the frame and transfer device of this utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of part of the frame, cutting blade, and sieve plate of this utility model;
[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the oblique stereoscopic structure;
[0035] Among them: 1-frame, 2-cutting blade, 3-third conveyor, 4-collection bin, 5-track, 6-second conveyor, 7-rotating shaft, 8-push rod, 9-screen plate, 10-screen hole, 11-spring, 12-screw, 13-guide rod, 14-first conveyor. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0038] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.
[0039] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0041] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] like Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, this utility model discloses a highly automated rapeseed shoot harvesting device, including a frame 1. One end of the frame 1 is provided with a cutting blade 2 and an adjustment device for adjusting the height of the cutting blade 2. The frame 1 is also provided with a transfer device and a collection bin 4. The height of the collection bin 4 is higher than the height of the cutting blade 2. The transfer device is used to transport the material cut by the cutting blade 2 to the collection bin 4. It should be noted that the chassis 1 has tracks 5, and the wheelbase between the tracks 5 is adjustable within the range of 80-120cm. The tracks 5 use low-pressure tires to reduce soil compaction and damage to plant roots. The cutting blade 2 uses high-strength alloy steel blades (width 30±2cm). With the adjustment device, it can achieve a cutting height of 3.0±0.3cm from the ground, with an error of no more than ±0.2cm. The collection bin 4 has a volume of about 20L and a certain height. This design can effectively reduce the collision of the flowering stems and the mixing of impurities even under high planting density. In the specific implementation of this scheme, topdressing is first applied 7-10 days before the rapeseed bolting stage, with 2-3 kg of pure nitrogen and 1-1.5 kg of potassium per mu to improve the uniformity of plant growth. When the bolting height is 12-15 cm and the bolting diameter is 0.5-0.7 cm, harvesting is carried out during sunny, dew-free periods. During harvesting, the wheel track of the frame 1 and the height of the cutting blade 2 are adjusted according to the row spacing and plant density. The cutting blade 2 precisely cuts the bolting part, and the transfer device sends the bolting part into the collection bin 4. After the collection bin 4 is full, the bolting parts are replaced or transferred for centralized processing. In summary, in this utility model, the height of the cutting blade 2 can be adjusted by the height adjustment device to achieve precise height cutting of the rapeseed bolting part. The transfer device can transfer the cut rapeseed to the collection bin 4 located at a higher position. This design can effectively reduce bolting part collision and impurity mixing even at high planting density.
[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the height adjustment device includes a screw 12 and a guide rod 13 located at one end of the frame 1. The screw 12 is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the frame 1. The guide rod 13 is parallel to the screw 12. The cutting blade 2 is threadedly connected to the screw 12 and is sleeved on the guide rod 13. It should be noted that the screw 12 is used to adjust the height of the cutting blade 2. Since the cutting blade 2 is threadedly connected to the screw 12, the height of the cutting blade 2 can be adjusted by rotating the screw 12 to raise or lower it. The guide rod 13 is used to limit the movement of the cutting blade 2, preventing it from rotating with the screw 12.
[0045] In this embodiment, a scale is provided on the guide rod 13, and the scale is set along the height of the guide rod 13. It should be noted that the scale is used to assist the operator in adjusting the height of the cutting blade 2, so that the height adjustment of the cutting blade 2 can be more precise.
[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the transfer device includes a first conveyor 14, a second conveyor 6, and a third conveyor 3. The first conveyor is mounted on the frame 1 and located behind the cutting blade 2. The first conveyor 14 is arranged along the length of the cutting blade 2. The second conveyor 6 is located below one end of the first conveyor and is parallel to the first conveyor. The third conveyor 3 is located to one side of the second conveyor 6, and the end of the third conveyor 3 away from the second conveyor 6 is inclined upward and extends above the collection bin 4. It should be noted that all three conveyors are belt conveyors driven by motors. The function of the first conveyor 14 is to transfer the rapeseed cut by the cutting blade 2 to the second conveyor 6, the second conveyor 6 then transfers the rapeseed to the third conveyor 3, and finally, the third conveyor 3 transfers the rapeseed to the higher collection bin 4.
[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the frame 1 is also equipped with a pushing device, which includes a rotating shaft 7. Both ends of the rotating shaft 7 are rotatably connected to the frame 1. The rotation is driven by a motor, and the rotating shaft 7 is located above and behind the cutting blade 2. Several push rods 8 are provided on the rotating shaft 7. It should be noted that the pushing device is used to push the rapeseed cut by the cutting blade 2 onto the first conveyor or the second conveyor 6. Specifically, the pushing device includes the rotating shaft 7 and the push rods 8. The rotating shaft 7 is electrically driven to rotate. After the rotating shaft 7 rotates, it drives the push rods 8 to rotate. After the push rods 8 rotate, they push the rapeseed cut by the cutting blade 2 onto the first conveyor 14 or the second conveyor 6.
[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the frame 1 is provided with a sieve plate 9, which has a plurality of sieve holes 10, and the sieve plate 9 is located below the rotating shaft 7. It should be noted that the rapeseed after cutting may have soil attached to it, and the soil will enter the collection bin 4 with the rapeseed. If too much soil accumulates in the collection bin 4, it will not only be difficult to clean, but will also affect the quality of the rapeseed. Based on this, the sieve plate 9 is provided in this solution, and some of the soil on the rapeseed can be filtered out through the sieve holes 10 on the sieve plate 9, reducing the amount of soil attached to the rapeseed.
[0049] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a spring 11 is connected to the bottom of the sieve plate 9, and the other end of the spring 11 away from the sieve plate 9 is connected to the frame 1. The length of the push rod 8 is greater than the distance between the rotating shaft 7 and the sieve plate 9. It should be noted that, since the length of the push rod 8 is greater than the distance between the rotating shaft 7 and the sieve plate 9, the push rod 8 will contact the sieve plate 9 once every time the rotating shaft 7 rotates one revolution, and squeeze the sieve plate 9, causing the sieve plate 9 to move downward. When the push rod 8 separates from the sieve plate 9, the sieve plate 9 moves upward to reset under the action of the spring 11. This cycle is repeated, which can realize the continuous up and down vibration of the sieve plate 9, which can not only clear the soil blocking the sieve holes 10, but also drive the rapeseed on the sieve plate 9 to vibrate, so that the soil on the rapeseed can be removed more efficiently.
[0050] Example 2
[0051] This embodiment proposes a highly automated and precise method for harvesting rapeseed flowering stems, based on Embodiment 1, including:
[0052] S1. Apply topdressing 7-10 days before the bolting stage of rapeseed, with 2-3 kg of pure nitrogen and 1-1.5 kg of potassium per mu to improve the uniformity of plant growth;
[0053] S2. Harvest when the stem height is 12-15cm and the stem diameter is 0.5-0.7cm, choosing a sunny time without dew.
[0054] S3. Adjust the wheel track of frame 1 and the height of cutting blade 2 according to row spacing and plant density;
[0055] S4. Start the frame 1, the cutting blade 2 precisely cuts the scape, and the first conveyor, the second conveyor 6 and the third conveyor 3 send the scape into the collection bin 4;
[0056] S5. After the collection bin 4 is full, replace or transfer the stems for centralized processing.
[0057] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this utility model does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.
[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0059] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A highly automated and precise rapeseed flowering stem harvesting device, characterized in that, The device includes a frame (1), one end of which is provided with a cutting blade (2) and an adjustment device for adjusting the height of the cutting blade (2). The frame (1) is also provided with a transfer device and a collection bin (4). The height of the collection bin (4) is higher than the height of the cutting blade (2). The transfer device is used to transport the material cut by the cutting blade (2) to the collection bin (4).
2. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment device includes a screw (12) and a guide rod (13) located at one end of the frame (1). The screw (12) is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the frame (1). The guide rod (13) is parallel to the screw (12). The cutting blade (2) is threadedly connected to the screw (12) and is sleeved on the guide rod (13).
3. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide rod (13) is provided with a scale, which is set along the height of the guide rod (13).
4. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer device includes a first conveyor (14), a second conveyor (6) and a third conveyor (3). The first conveyor is mounted on the frame (1) and located behind the cutting blade (2). The first conveyor is arranged along the length of the cutting blade (2). The second conveyor (6) is located below one end of the first conveyor and is parallel to the first conveyor. The third conveyor (3) is located on one side of the second conveyor (6), and the end of the third conveyor (3) away from the second conveyor (6) is inclined upward and extends above the collection bin (4).
5. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The frame (1) is also provided with a material pushing device, which includes a rotating shaft (7). The two ends of the rotating shaft (7) are rotatably connected to the frame (1). The rotation is driven by a motor, and the rotating shaft (7) is located above the rear side of the cutting blade (2). The rotating shaft (7) is provided with several push rods (8).
6. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a sieve plate (9), which has a plurality of sieve holes (10) and is located below the rotating shaft (7).
7. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A spring (11) is connected to the bottom of the sieve plate (9), and the other end of the spring (11) away from the sieve plate (9) is connected to the frame (1).
8. The automated, high-precision rapeseed shoot harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the push rod (8) is greater than the distance between the rotating shaft (7) and the sieve plate (9).