Thoracic cavity decompression device capable of alarming

Abstract

The utility model relates to a chest decompression device capable of giving an alarm. The chest decompression device comprises an inner chest catheter (1), an outer chest catheter (2), an inner chest fixing air bag (3), a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacteria filtering mechanism (5), the intrathoracic catheter (1) is communicated with the extrathoracic catheter (2), an intrathoracic fixing air bag (3) is arranged on the intrathoracic catheter (1), a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacteria filtering mechanism (5) are arranged on the extrathoracic catheter (2), and the bacteria filtering mechanism (5) is arranged on the side, away from the intrathoracic catheter (1), of the decompression alarm mechanism (4). Compared with the prior art, the one-way decompression device has the advantages that one-way decompression of the long-term indwelling thoracic cavity can be realized, pressure change in the thoracic cavity can be effectively detected, re-pneumothorax can be prompted in time, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device. Background Technology

[0002] Refractory pneumothorax refers to a spontaneous pneumothorax that persists despite 7-14 days of active closed thoracic drainage and / or negative pressure suction, and is intolerable to thoracic intervention or surgery due to cardiopulmonary function or underlying diseases. It is a challenging problem in the treatment of pleural-related diseases. It is often accompanied by underlying pulmonary complications, such as COPD, pulmonary infection, pleural diseases, etc. In addition to actively treating the primary disease, the existing treatment methods for refractory pneumothorax mainly include (1) chemical pleural fixation: that is, injecting sclerosing agents (including talc, tetracycline, minocycline, bevacizumab, etc.) into the pleural cavity to cause aseptic pleurisy, thereby causing adhesion and fixation of the visceral pleura and parietal pleura. However, it is not suitable for patients with infectious pleurisy or liver and kidney dysfunction, and the postoperative pain is more obvious and the patient's tolerance is poor; (2) transbronchial occlusion: using a double-lumen balloon under bronchoscopy to find the pleural fistula and inject into the pleural cavity. (2) Infusion of occlusive agents or placement of occlusive devices in the responsible drainage bronchus to block or reduce air leakage and promote lung re-expansion, but not suitable for uncontrolled acute or chronic lung infections or respiratory failure, or patients with contraindications to bronchoscopy; (3) Closed chest tube: It is currently the most commonly used conservative treatment for refractory pneumothorax, but the nursing requirements for long-term indwelling chest tubes are high, significantly prolonging hospital stay and easily causing secondary nosocomial infections and catheter-related infections. At the same time, it requires long-term connection of drainage bottles, resulting in limited patient activity and decreased quality of life, greatly increasing the economic burden on patients and society.

[0003] Meanwhile, refractory pneumothorax is prone to alveolar re-rupture, leading to worsening of the pneumothorax and potentially causing respiratory distress, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, monitoring intrapleural pressure is crucial. Monitoring methods primarily rely on observing symptoms and signs such as chest pain, dyspnea, and subcutaneous emphysema, as well as direct intrapleural pressure measurement (water column or digital manometer) and chest X-rays to measure the pneumothorax compression ratio. However, these methods place certain demands on medical monitoring and equipment, and currently, there are no effective and convenient pressure measurement functions for chemical pleural fixation, transbronchial occlusion, or closed chest drainage. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to explore a simple, sterile, long-term indwelling unidirectional chest decompression and alarm device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device that enables long-term indwelling unidirectional thoracic decompression while effectively detecting changes in intrathoracic pressure and promptly alerting to the occurrence of recurrent pneumothorax.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a pleural decompression device with alarm function, comprising an intrathoracic catheter, an extrathoracic catheter, an intrathoracic fixation cuff, a decompression alarm mechanism, and a bacterial filtration mechanism;

[0006] The intrathoracic catheter is connected to the extrathoracic catheter, and the intrathoracic catheter is equipped with an intrathoracic fixation airbag. The extrathoracic catheter is equipped with a decompression alarm mechanism and a bacterial filtration mechanism, and the bacterial filtration mechanism is located on the side of the decompression alarm mechanism away from the intrathoracic catheter.

[0007] Preferably, the decompression alarm mechanism includes a one-way valve for unidirectional exhaust from inside the chest cavity and an alarm component for overpressure alarm.

[0008] More preferably, the one-way valve includes a first housing, a partition, and a compression spring;

[0009] The first housing has an input end (connected to the lung) and an output end (connected to the outlet) that are both connected to the extrathoracic catheter. A diaphragm is located at the input end of the first housing, and a compression spring is located at the output end of the first housing and connected to the diaphragm, which can block the input end of the first housing under natural conditions.

[0010] More preferably, the alarm assembly includes a fuse disposed within the first housing and capable of being broken when the compression spring is compressed to its full position, and an alarm connected to the fuse.

[0011] Preferably, the fuse is connected to the control circuit of the alarm, and the alarm sounds when the fuse is disconnected.

[0012] Preferably, the first housing includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition section. The diameter of the main body is larger than that of the external thoracic catheter. One end of the conical transition section is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the external thoracic catheter. A compression spring is coaxially arranged with the main body (the compression direction is parallel to the axis of the main body). One end is fixed to the conical transition section, and the other end is connected to the partition. A fuse is disposed inside the main body, perpendicular to the axis of the main body, and interferes with the compression spring (i.e., the fuse will deform or even break during the deformation of the compression spring).

[0013] More preferably, the partition has a tapered structure on the side near the tapered transition portion that matches the tapered transition portion.

[0014] Preferably, the first housing is provided with a guide rod for assisting the partition to translate along the axis of the first housing.

[0015] More preferably, the guide rod is arranged along the axis of the first housing, with both ends fixed to the first housing, and the partition plate passes through the guide rod.

[0016] More preferably, the first housing has multiple guide rods arranged circumferentially along the partition.

[0017] Alternatively, preferably, the alarm component includes a transparent window and a warning line disposed on the first housing.

[0018] Preferably, the intrathoracic catheter is located inside the thoracic cavity, is a flexible, coiled catheter, and has air holes.

[0019] More preferably, the material of the intrathoracic catheter includes silicone, polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene.

[0020] Preferably, the intrathoracic fixation cuff is positioned on the side of the intrathoracic catheter near the chest wall.

[0021] More preferably, the intrathoracic fixation airbag is connected to an airbag inflation tube.

[0022] More preferably, the airbag inflation tube is connected to a switch valve.

[0023] More preferably, the volume of the intrathoracic fixation airbag after being filled is 3-5 mL, preferably 4 mL.

[0024] More preferably, the material of the intrathoracic fixation airbag includes silicone, latex, polyvinyl chloride, or polyethylene.

[0025] Preferably, the bacterial filtration mechanism includes a second housing that is connected to an extrathoracic catheter at both ends and a bacterial filtration membrane disposed within the second housing.

[0026] More preferably, the bacterial filter membrane is breathable and is made of materials including polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethersulfone, or cellulose acetate.

[0027] More preferably, the second housing includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition portion. The diameter of the main body is larger than that of the external thoracic catheter. One end of the conical transition portion is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the external thoracic catheter. The bacterial filter membrane is disposed inside the main body and is perpendicular to the axis of the main body.

[0028] Preferably, the alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device further includes an interface;

[0029] The extrathoracic catheter is divided into a first segment and a second segment. One end of the first segment is connected to the intrathoracic catheter, and the other end is connected to an interface. The second segment is equipped with a decompression alarm mechanism and a bacterial filtration mechanism. The first segment is detachably connected to the second segment through the interface.

[0030] More preferably, when the first tube segment is separated from the second tube segment (i.e., when the second tube segment is detached from the first tube segment), the first tube segment can be connected to the chest drainage bottle through the interface.

[0031] More preferably, the interface includes a threaded tube and an interface protective sleeve. When it is necessary to transfer a thoracic drainage bottle, first rotate the interface of this device open, connect the intrathoracic segment interface directly to the thoracic drainage bottle interface, and fix it with the threaded tube. Then rotate the interface protective sleeve to the interface to prevent the connection from breaking and reduce the possibility of contamination.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. This utility model can achieve long-term indwelling unidirectional decompression of the thoracic cavity, while effectively detecting changes in intrathoracic pressure and promptly indicating the occurrence of recurrent pneumothorax.

[0034] 2. Advantages in application scenarios: This utility model device is not easy to pull out and requires little nursing care, so it can realize outpatient chest drainage, reducing the patient's hospitalization time and economic burden.

[0035] 3. Advantage of reduced infection: The outermost part of this utility model device includes a bacterial filter membrane, which effectively prevents bacteria from entering the device and reduces the risk of intracavitary infection.

[0036] 4. Fixation advantages: This utility model device uses an airbag fixation instead of the traditional suture fixation to the chest wall surface, which can reduce nursing needs and reduce the risk of the device falling out of the chest cavity. It is more conducive to the device to achieve outpatient drainage and reduce the patient's hospitalization time.

[0037] 5. Alarm Advantage: This utility model device includes an alarm mechanism that effectively alerts when intrathoracic pressure is high, prompting patients and medical staff to pay close attention to the patient's vital signs and take timely measures. This avoids waiting until the patient experiences discomfort before suspecting the occurrence of a new pneumothorax.

[0038] 6. The fuse breakage alarm method of this utility model has higher security compared with the switch-type alarm.

[0039] 7. The transparent window and warning line alarm method of this utility model has a simple structure, is easy to observe, and can achieve low-cost and reliable alarm.

[0040] 8. Advantages of the adapter: The device of this utility model includes an interface that can be connected to a chest drainage bottle, and has the function of sealing and separating from the closed drainage bottle as needed. It can be selected according to the patient's condition, effectively reducing the need for repeated intubation procedures.

[0041] 9. This utility model device is simple, sterile, and can be left in place for a long time, while also having the functions of one-way chest decompression and alarm. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the intrathoracic catheter and intrathoracic fixation balloon of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure reduction alarm mechanism according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 The working principle of the pressure reduction alarm mechanism of this utility model Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 5 The working principle of the pressure reduction alarm mechanism of this utility model Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 6 The working principle of the pressure reduction alarm mechanism of this utility model Figure 3 ;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bacterial filtration mechanism of this utility model;

[0049] In the diagram: 1-Intrathoracic catheter, 11-Air hole, 2-Extrathoracic catheter, 3-Intrathoracic fixation cuff, 31-Cuff inflation tube, 4-Decompression alarm mechanism, 41-First housing, 42-Baffle, 43-Compression spring, 44-Fuse, 45-Alarm, 5-Bacterial filtration mechanism, 51-Second housing, 52-Bacterial filter membrane, 6-Interface, a-Chest wall. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0051] In this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can be internal connections between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] An alarm-equipped thoracic decompression device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an intrathoracic catheter 1, an extrathoracic catheter 2, an intrathoracic fixation balloon 3, a decompression alarm mechanism 4, and a bacterial filtration mechanism 5.

[0054] The intrathoracic catheter 1 and the extrathoracic catheter 2 are respectively positioned on the inner and outer sides of the thoracic cavity and are interconnected. The intrathoracic catheter 1 is equipped with an intrathoracic fixation airbag 3 for securing it within the thoracic cavity. The extrathoracic catheter 2 is equipped with a decompression alarm mechanism 4 and a bacterial filtration mechanism 5 sequentially arranged from the side closest to the thoracic cavity to the side furthest away from the thoracic cavity. The decompression alarm mechanism 4 can perform thoracic cavity decompression and overpressure alarm, while the bacterial filtration mechanism 5 can reduce the possibility of infection caused by external bacteria entering the device of this embodiment.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A transthoracic, alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the intrathoracic catheter 1 is located on the inner side of the chest wall a. It is a flexible, coiled catheter with multiple air holes 11. The intrathoracic fixation balloon 3 is mounted on the intrathoracic catheter 1 and connected to an inflation tube 31 extending out of the chest wall a. When the intrathoracic fixation balloon is inflated, the intrathoracic catheter 1 can be fixed. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A transthoracic, alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device, such as... Figure 3As shown, the decompression alarm mechanism 4 includes a first housing 41, a partition 42, and a compression spring 43. The first housing 41 includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition part disposed at the lung-connecting end and the outlet end of the main body. The diameter of the main body is larger than that of the extrathoracic catheter 2. The compression spring 43 is disposed inside the first housing 41, with one end fixed to the conical transition part and the other end connected to the partition 42. The compression direction is parallel to the axis of the main body. The partition 42 is disposed on the side of the compression spring 43 near the lung-connecting end and can abut against the conical transition part of the lung-connecting end under the compression of the compression spring 43.

[0059] In this embodiment, the pressure relief alarm mechanism 4 also includes a fuse 44 and an alarm 45. The fuse 44 is disposed inside the main body, with both ends fixed and perpendicular to the axis of the main body, and interferes with the compression spring 43. During the compression process, the compression spring 43 can deform the fuse 44 until it breaks.

[0060] The working principle of the pressure relief alarm mechanism 4 in this embodiment is as follows: When the intrathoracic pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, the diaphragm 42 at the lung end will retract, the compression spring 43 will compress, and the gas in the thoracic cavity will flow out through the gap between the first housing 41 and the diaphragm 42; when the intrathoracic pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, the diaphragm 42 cannot be pushed and will still abut against the conical transition part to achieve a sealing effect, and external gas cannot enter the thoracic cavity; when a new pneumothorax occurs, the intrathoracic pressure increases rapidly and is significantly higher than atmospheric pressure, the compression spring 43 is compressed to a large extent, which can break the fuse 44, causing the alarm 45 to sound. The rest is the same as in embodiment 2.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] In this embodiment, the decompression alarm mechanism 4 includes a first housing 41, a partition 42, and a compression spring 43, as well as a transparent window and a warning line disposed on the first housing 41. That is, the alarm component consisting of a fuse 44 and an alarm 45 is replaced with an alarm component consisting of a transparent window and a warning line.

[0063] In this embodiment, the transparent window is arranged along the axis of the first housing 41, and a red warning line is provided next to the transparent window. The transparent window makes it easy to observe the position of the partition 42 after it has been moved back. When the partition 42 moves back to the red warning line, it indicates that there is overpressure in the thoracic cavity, thus achieving an alarm effect.

[0064] And, as Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the bacterial filtration mechanism 5 includes a second housing 51 and a bacterial filtration membrane 52 disposed within the second housing 51. The extrathoracic catheter 2 is divided into a first segment and a second segment. One end of the first segment is connected to the intrathoracic catheter 1, and the other end is detachably connected to the second segment via an interface 6. The decompression alarm mechanism 4 and the bacterial filtration mechanism 5 are disposed on the second segment. The rest is the same as in embodiment 3.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] An alarm-enabled transthoracic drainage device includes: an air bladder (air bladder inflation tube), an interface (for connecting to a thoracic drainage bottle), a check valve with an alarm device, and a bacterial filter, all of which are connected in series by a thoracic drainage tube.

[0067] The following sections will describe each part of the device in this embodiment, starting from the inside of the chest wall and working outwards.

[0068] 1. Inner part of the chest wall

[0069] In this embodiment, the intrathoracic segment of the device consists of an intrathoracic catheter with an air sac and vents. The intrathoracic segment is flexible and coiled to prevent damage to lung tissue during insertion; it has vents to allow gas to escape. The intrathoracic segment has an air sac near the parietal pleura, with a volume of 4 mL when fully inflated. The air sac can be inflated and deflated through an external air sac inflation tube, thus securing the intrathoracic segment within the thoracic cavity.

[0070] 2. Check valve + alarm device

[0071] This one-way valve uses a diaphragm and spring to allow air to escape only from within the thoracic cavity, preventing external air from entering. In practical implementation, for example... Figure 4 As shown, when the intrathoracic pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, the air pressure pushes the diaphragm back, compressing the spring and causing the air in the cavity to flow out; as Figure 5 As shown, when the pressure inside the pleural cavity is less than atmospheric pressure, the diaphragm cannot be pushed open, and air cannot enter the pleural cavity; as Figure 6 As shown, when a new pneumothorax occurs, the pressure inside the thoracic cavity increases rapidly, significantly exceeding atmospheric pressure. The spring is compressed to a greater extent, breaking the fuse and triggering the alarm device, indicating to the patient and nursing staff that a new pneumothorax has occurred and that timely measures need to be taken.

[0072] 3. Interface

[0073] This interface can be connected to a chest drainage bottle, avoiding repeated intubation during the replacement of the device and chest drainage bottle in this embodiment, reducing patient suffering and the burden on medical staff.

[0074] 4. Bacterial filtration membrane

[0075] This section reduces the possibility of infection from external bacteria entering the device through its contained bacterial filter membrane. The filter membrane is located on the outermost side of the entire device for easy replacement.

[0076] The usage and working principle of this device are as follows: During thoracentesis, the location and extent of pneumothorax are determined through imaging and physical examination. After local anesthesia, the sterile intrathoracic segment of this device is inserted to an appropriate length. Inflation of the fixed cuff into the thoracic cavity is achieved through the cuff inflation tube to prevent the device from dislodging. A one-way valve allows for decompression of the thoracic cavity when the intrathoracic pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure; the device shuts off when atmospheric pressure is higher. When a new pneumothorax occurs, the intrathoracic pressure rises rapidly, causing the diaphragm compression spring to exceed the fuse limit, triggering an alarm. When connection to a conventional thoracic drainage bottle is required, the interface can be opened to directly connect the bottle, avoiding the need for further puncture.

[0077] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be easily made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pleural decompression device with alarm function, characterized in that, It includes an intrathoracic catheter (1), an extrathoracic catheter (2), an intrathoracic fixation balloon (3), a decompression alarm mechanism (4), and a bacterial filtration mechanism (5); The intrathoracic catheter (1) is connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2), and the intrathoracic catheter (1) is provided with an intrathoracic fixation balloon (3), while the extrathoracic catheter (2) is provided with a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacterial filtration mechanism (5), and the bacterial filtration mechanism (5) is located on the side of the decompression alarm mechanism (4) away from the intrathoracic catheter (1).

2. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief alarm mechanism (4) includes a one-way valve for unidirectional exhaust from inside the thoracic cavity and an alarm component for overpressure alarm.

3. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The one-way valve includes a first housing (41), a partition (42), and a compression spring (43); The first housing (41) has both an input end and an output end connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2). A partition (42) is provided at the input end of the first housing (41), and a compression spring (43) is provided at the output end of the first housing (41) and connected to the partition (42), which can block the input end of the first housing (41) under natural conditions. The alarm assembly includes a fuse (44) disposed in the first housing (41) and capable of being broken by a compression spring (43) and an alarm (45) connected to the fuse (44); Alternatively, the alarm component may include a transparent window and a warning line disposed on the first housing (41).

4. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first housing (41) includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition part. The diameter of the main body is larger than that of the external thoracic catheter (2). One end of the conical transition part is connected to the main body and the other end is connected to the external thoracic catheter (2). The compression spring (43) is coaxially arranged with the main body, one end is fixed to the conical transition part and the other end is connected to the partition (42). The fuse (44) is arranged inside the main body, perpendicular to the axis of the main body, and interferes with the compression spring (43).

5. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intrathoracic catheter (1) is located inside the thoracic cavity. It is a soft, coiled catheter with an air hole (11).

6. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intrathoracic fixation airbag (3) is placed on the side of the intrathoracic catheter (1) near the chest wall. The intrathoracic fixation airbag (3) is connected to an airbag inflation tube (31), and its volume is 3-5 mL when fully filled.

7. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bacterial filtration mechanism (5) includes a second housing (51) with both ends connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2) and a bacterial filtration membrane (52) disposed in the second housing (51).

8. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second housing (51) includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition part. The diameter of the main body is larger than that of the external thoracic catheter (2). One end of the conical transition part is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the external thoracic catheter (2). The bacterial filter membrane (52) is disposed inside the main body and is perpendicular to the axis of the main body.

9. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes interface (6); The extrathoracic catheter (2) is divided into a first segment and a second segment. One end of the first segment is connected to the intrathoracic catheter (1), and the other end is connected to an interface (6). The second segment is equipped with a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacterial filtration mechanism (5). The first segment is detachably connected to the second segment through the interface (6).

10. The alarm-enabled thoracic decompression device according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the first tube segment is separated from the second tube segment, the first tube segment can be connected to the thoracic drainage bottle through the interface (6).

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