Dust suppression hopper

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dust suppression hopper in the technical field of bulk material dust suppression equipment. The dust suppression hopper comprises an upper hopper body and a lower hopper body, the upper hopper body and the lower hopper body are connected through a plurality of springs so that the upper hopper body and the lower hopper body can move relatively, a conical plug is arranged in the space formed by the upper hopper body and the lower hopper body, and the lower hopper body moves relative to the upper hopper body so that the opening degree of an annular outlet formed between the conical plug and the lower hopper body can be changed. A flexible part is connected between the upper hopper and the lower hopper, the flexible part has a blocking effect on contents moving outwards along a gap between the two cylinders, the upper hopper and the lower hopper are connected through a guide column, and guide sleeves are correspondingly arranged on the upper hopper and the lower hopper so that the coaxiality of the upper hopper and the lower hopper can be guaranteed under the action of material gravity and impact force. The upper hopper and the lower hopper are connected through the flexible piece, the guide column and the guide sleeve, the blocking effect is achieved under the condition that filling materials are not used, the coaxiality between the two cylinders is guaranteed, and therefore the discharging uniformity of the materials is guaranteed, and the sealing performance and the use reliability can be both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of bulk material dust suppression equipment, specifically to a dust suppression hopper. Background Technology

[0002] When transporting bulk materials (such as grain), specialized equipment such as chutes or belt conveyors are typically used for efficient and continuous material conveying or transfer operations. During chute transfer, the material flows rapidly within the chute, and collisions between the material and the chute wall, as well as between materials themselves, generate dust. At the chute outlet, the dust exchanges energy with the air, resulting in a large amount of dust dispersing into the atmosphere. Similarly, when conveyors transport bulk materials, the impact of the large drop from the higher end of the conveyor to the discharge point also stirs up a large amount of dust, which spreads into the surrounding environment. Because dust particles are small, lightweight, and settle slowly, they pose a serious hazard to personnel and are also flammable and explosive, creating safety risks. Therefore, every time a material is discharged from a storage facility, it poses a certain degree of harm to personnel, safety, and the environment.

[0003] In current practice, dust suppression hoppers are installed at material outlets (such as chute outlets and conveyor ends). The funnel shape collects the material, and the negative pressure principle traps the dust in the material within a dense column, reducing the energy exchange between the dust and the air, thereby reducing the spread of dust.

[0004] To achieve effective dust suppression, the size of the discharge opening of the dust suppression hopper often needs to be adjusted in practice. Manual adjustment is inconvenient and requires frequent adjustments for different discharge scenarios. Furthermore, these devices are often installed at high locations, requiring aerial work platforms and other equipment for adjustments, consuming significant manpower. They are only suitable for fixed flow rates and materials, limiting their applicability. Adding external power makes the entire dust suppression hopper complex, expensive, unreliable, and difficult to maintain. These devices are often installed outdoors, exposed to high dust levels and extreme conditions such as direct sunlight and heavy rain, making long-term reliability difficult to guarantee and maintenance challenging.

[0005] Currently, there are various types of dust suppression hoppers. In the structure of a non-powered dust suppression hopper, it is configured to include an upper hopper and a lower hopper, with a conical plug between them. The upper and lower hoppers are connected by a spring, allowing for relative vertical movement between them. The movement of the lower hopper relative to the upper hopper changes the opening of the annular outlet formed between the conical plug and the lower hopper. To achieve this relative movement, some dust suppression hoppers have a certain gap between the upper and lower hoppers. However, this can cause dust or materials to overflow from this gap during discharge, affecting the dust suppression effect. When installed outdoors, rainwater and other external factors can enter the product through the gap, affecting its service life. Some dust suppression hoppers fill the gap between the upper and lower hoppers with sealing material for sealing. This makes the installation of the upper and lower hoppers difficult, and the sealing material affects the performance, increasing the frictional resistance between the inner and outer hoppers. With prolonged use, this can lead to wear or failure.

[0006] Because of the gap between the upper and lower buckets mentioned above, improper installation can cause them to become misaligned. The eccentric load generated during discharge will keep the conical plug in a tilted state for a long time. In this case, the negative pressure principle cannot be used to form a dense material column, affecting the dust suppression effect and impacting reliability and service life. In addition, even if the installation is correct, during use, the upper and lower buckets will be subjected to a large amount of material gravity and impact force for a long time. It is impossible to ensure the uniformity of the force, and the uneven force will also cause eccentricity, seriously affecting the dust suppression effect and reliability.

[0007] Furthermore, existing dust suppression hoppers require accurate measurement of various dimensions before installation, which places high demands on measurement, processing, and manufacturing, and the adjustable range is small during actual installation. Utility Model Content

[0008] To overcome the problem that existing dust suppression hoppers cannot simultaneously ensure sealing and reliability when there is a gap between the upper and lower hoppers, this utility model provides a dust suppression hopper.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0010] The dust suppression hopper comprises an upper hopper and a lower hopper, connected by multiple springs evenly distributed circumferentially, allowing relative movement between them. A conical plug is installed within the space formed by the upper and lower hoppers; the movement of the lower hopper relative to the upper hopper alters the opening of the annular outlet formed between the conical plug and the lower hopper. Both the upper and lower hoppers have cylindrical structures, with the corresponding cylinder of the lower hopper fitted over the corresponding cylinder of the upper hopper, with a gap between the two cylinders. A flexible component connects the upper and lower hoppers; when the lower hopper moves relative to the upper hopper, the flexible component obstructs the contents moving outward along the gap between the two cylinders. The upper and lower hoppers are connected by guide posts, and guide sleeves are correspondingly provided on both hoppers to ensure coaxiality under the influence of material gravity and impact.

[0011] In this application, the upper and lower buckets are connected by a flexible component, which creates a blocking effect on the gap between the two cylinders, avoiding the use of filling material and balancing sealing and reliability. The coaxiality of the upper and lower buckets during use is ensured by the setting of guide pillars and guide sleeves.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first flange is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket, and a second flange is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket. Both the first flange and the second flange are provided with holes for the guide column to pass through vertically.

[0013] In some embodiments, both the first flange and the second flange extend vertically to form guide sleeves for the passage of guide posts.

[0014] In some embodiments, a limiting element is provided at the lower end of the guide column to limit the downward distance of the lower bucket relative to the upper bucket.

[0015] In some embodiments, the upper end of the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket is provided with a first flange, and a plurality of first adjusting screws are provided on the first flange. The conical plug and the first adjusting screws are connected by a hinge, and each first adjusting screw is provided with a first adjusting nut, thereby adjusting the distance between the conical plug and the first flange.

[0016] In some embodiments, a first flange is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket, and a second flange is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket, with a spring connecting between the first flange and the second flange.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second adjusting screw is provided on the first flange, and each second adjusting screw is provided with a corresponding second adjusting nut. The spring is connected to the first flange through the second adjusting screw.

[0018] In some embodiments, the flexible element is canvas.

[0019] In some embodiments, a first flange is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket, and a third flange is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket, with a flexible element connecting the first flange and the third flange.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] The upper and lower buckets are connected by a flexible component, which creates a barrier between the two cylinders, avoiding the use of filling materials and ensuring both sealing and reliability. The guide pillars and guide sleeves ensure the coaxiality of the upper and lower buckets, reducing the complexity of processing and installation and ensuring equipment reliability. A limit nut installed at the lower end of the guide pillar limits the ultimate displacement distance, and a cotter pin is inserted below the limit nut to further prevent limit failure and ensure equipment safety. The opening of the annular channel between the conical plug and the lower bucket is adjusted by the first and second adjusting screws. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dust suppression hopper provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dust suppression hopper spring in its natural state;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the spring in the dust suppression hopper in its natural state;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dust suppression hopper spring in a stretched state;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the spring in the dust suppression hopper under tension.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the state of the dust suppression hopper used in the chute structure.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the dust suppression hopper used in the belt conveyor structure.

[0029] The following are marked in the diagram: 1. First flange; 2. First adjusting nut; 3. First adjusting screw; 4. Conical plug; 5. Second adjusting screw; 6. Second adjusting nut; 7. Spring; 8. Second flange; 9. Third flange; 10. Cotter pin; 11. Limit nut; 12. Guide sleeve; 13. Guide post; 14. Canvas; 15. Lower bucket; 16. Upper bucket; 17. Chute; 18. Material column; 19. Belt conveyor; 20. Dust cover. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model provides a dust suppression hopper.

[0033] Combination Figures 1-5 As shown, the dust suppression hopper includes an upper hopper 16 and a lower hopper 15. The upper hopper 16 and the lower hopper 15 are connected by multiple springs 7, allowing relative vertical movement between the upper hopper 16 and the lower hopper 15. A conical plug 4 is provided inside the space formed by the upper hopper 16 and the lower hopper 15. The vertical movement of the lower hopper 15 relative to the upper hopper 16 can change the opening of the annular outlet formed between the conical plug 4 and the lower hopper 15.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, both the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 have cylindrical structures. The corresponding cylinder of the lower bucket 15 is sleeved outside the corresponding cylinder of the upper bucket 16, and there is a gap between the two cylinders. A flexible component connects the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15. When the lower bucket 15 moves relative to the upper bucket 16, the flexible component blocks the contents that move outward along the gap between the two cylinders.

[0035] In this embodiment, the flexible component is canvas 14, but in practice, other flexible components such as corrugated pipes can also be used. The canvas 14, as a flexible connection, restricts and protects against rain from dust and materials overflowing from the gap between the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15. When not discharging material, the canvas 14 is folded with the spring 7; when discharging material, the canvas 14 is pulled open with the spring 7, ensuring reliability and simplifying installation.

[0036] Spring 7 enables the opening size to be adjusted adaptively without external power, thus suppressing dust for different discharge efficiencies. Obviously, in practice, based on the consideration of force balance, multiple springs 7 are evenly distributed in different positions on the circumference.

[0037] The upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 are connected by guide pillars 13. Guide sleeves 12 are also provided on the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 respectively. When the dust suppression hopper is used, specifically, under the action of material gravity and impact force, the coaxiality between the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 is ensured by the setting of guide pillars 13 and guide sleeves 12.

[0038] In this application, the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 are connected by a flexible component, which creates a blocking effect on the gap between the two cylinders, avoiding the use of filling material and balancing sealing and reliability.

[0039] In this embodiment, a first flange 1 is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket 16, a second flange 8 is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket 15, and a guide post 13 is also provided. Both the first flange 1 and the second flange 8 are provided with holes for the guide post 13 to pass through, and the guide post 13 is configured to be vertically arranged.

[0040] Furthermore, both the first flange 1 and the second flange 8 extend vertically to form guide sleeves 12 for the guide post 13 to pass through.

[0041] By setting the guide post 13 and the guide sleeve 12, the coaxiality of the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 is ensured, so that the lower bucket 15 can only move up and down relative to the upper bucket 16, which reduces the complexity of the processing and installation process and ensures the reliability of the equipment.

[0042] Furthermore, a limiting element is provided at the lower end of the guide post 13 to limit the downward distance of the lower bucket 15 relative to the upper bucket 16.

[0043] In this embodiment, a limiting nut 11 installed at the lower end of the guide post 13 is used to limit the extreme displacement distance, and a cotter pin 10 is inserted below the limiting nut 11 to further prevent the limiting failure and ensure the safety of equipment use.

[0044] In this embodiment, the upper end of the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket 16 is provided with a first flange 1, and a plurality of first adjusting screws 3 are provided on the first flange 1. The conical plug 4 and the first adjusting screws 3 are connected by a hinge. Each first adjusting screw 3 is provided with a first adjusting nut 2, thereby adjusting the distance between the conical plug 4 and the first flange 1.

[0045] This configuration allows for adjustment of the opening size of the annular channel formed between the conical plug 4 and the lower bucket 15.

[0046] In this embodiment, a first flange 1 is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket 16, and a second flange 8 is provided on the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket 15. A spring 7 is connected between the first flange 1 and the second flange 8.

[0047] The above settings facilitate the connection and installation of spring 7.

[0048] In this embodiment, a second adjusting screw 5 is provided on the first flange 1, and a second adjusting nut 6 is provided for each second adjusting screw 5. The spring 7 is connected to the first flange 1 through the second adjusting screw 5.

[0049] In this way, the relative distance between the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15 can be easily adjusted by rotating the second adjusting screw 5, thereby adjusting the opening of the annular channel formed between the conical plug 4 and the lower bucket 15. Specifically, both the upper and lower ends of the spring 7 are connected by round hook rings, which also allows for adjustment of the installation length of the spring 7. These adjustment functions make installation more convenient and can cover more usage scenarios.

[0050] In this embodiment, a third flange 9 is also provided on the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket 15, and a flexible element is connected between the first flange 1 and the third flange 9.

[0051] Based on factors such as ease of implementation and avoidance of interference, in this preferred embodiment, the second flange 8 is located at the lowest end of the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket 15; the third flange 9 is located at the highest end of the cylinder corresponding to the lower bucket 15; and the first flange 1 is located at the highest end of the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket 16.

[0052] This embodiment increases the adjustability during on-site installation. Various adjustment mechanisms can be used to adjust the height of the conical plug 4, the spring installation length between the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15, the original distance between the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15, and the limit displacement distance between the upper bucket 16 and the lower bucket 15, thus covering more application scenarios.

[0053] like Figure 6 The diagram shows the state of the dust suppression hopper used in the chute 17. The hopper includes the dust suppression hopper, with the upper hopper 16 connected to the outlet of the chute 17, and a column of material 18 formed below the dust suppression hopper.

[0054] like Figure 7 The diagram shows the state of the dust suppression hopper used in the belt conveyor 19. The dust suppression hopper is shown above, and the upper hopper 16 of the dust suppression hopper is connected to the uppermost end of the belt conveyor 19. Preferably, a dust cover 20 is also provided here.

[0055] In practice, the upper bucket 16 is directly connected to the flange of the chute 17 or the flange of the dust cover 20 of the belt conveyor 19 by thread.

[0056] When no material is being discharged, spring 7 is in its natural state or under slight tension, and the flexible connection of canvas 14 is compressed. At this time, the annular opening area between the conical plug 4 and the lower hopper 15 is close to zero, meaning the discharge port is closed. When discharging, the material enters the dust suppression hopper from the chute 17 or belt conveyor 19. After being evenly dispersed by the conical plug 4, it falls onto the inclined surface inside the lower hopper 15 under gravity. Under the action of impact and gravity, the lower hopper 15 moves downward under the action of spring 7, the compression degree of the flexible connection of canvas 14 gradually decreases, and at the same time, the annular channel area between the conical plug 4 and the lower hopper 15 gradually increases, meaning the discharge port opens, and the material can be discharged smoothly. After the material flows through the conical plug 4, a negative pressure area is formed below it. Under this negative pressure, the dust moves towards the center of the material column 18. Simultaneously, the loose material is compressed by the conical plug 4 and the lower hopper 15, causing air to be expelled, thus forming a dense material column 18 and reducing the amount of dust generated by secondary dust emission. The distance the upper hopper 16 and lower hopper 15 travel from a stationary state to their maximum discharge point is less than the distance the flexible connection of the canvas 14 travels from compression to its maximum straightened state. Furthermore, when the discharge flow rate is low, the opening is small, resulting in less dust overflow; when the discharge flow rate is high, the lower hopper 15 travels a greater distance under gravity, resulting in a larger opening and a matching flow rate. This improves discharge efficiency without affecting the dust suppression effect, achieving a function of adaptively adjusting the opening size without external power.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dust suppression hopper, comprising an upper hopper (16) and a lower hopper (15), the upper hopper (16) and the lower hopper (15) being connected by multiple springs (7) to allow relative vertical movement between the upper hopper (16) and the lower hopper (15), and a conical plug (4) provided inside the space formed by the upper hopper (16) and the lower hopper (15), the movement of the lower hopper (15) relative to the upper hopper (16) changing the opening of the annular outlet formed between the conical plug (4) and the lower hopper (15), both the upper hopper (16) and the lower hopper (15) having a cylindrical structure, the corresponding cylinder of the lower hopper (15) being sleeved outside the corresponding cylinder of the upper hopper (16), and a gap existing between the two cylinders, characterized in that: A flexible component connects the upper bucket (16) and the lower bucket (15). When the lower bucket (15) moves relative to the upper bucket (16), the flexible component blocks the contents that move outward along the gap between the two cylinders. The upper bucket (16) and the lower bucket (15) are connected by a guide post (13), and guide sleeves (12) are provided on the upper bucket (16) and the lower bucket (15) respectively, so as to ensure the coaxiality of the upper bucket (16) and the lower bucket (15) under the action of the material's gravity and impact force.

2. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bucket (16) is provided with a first flange (1) on the corresponding cylinder, and the lower bucket (15) is provided with a second flange (8) on the corresponding cylinder. Both the first flange (1) and the second flange (8) are provided with holes for the guide post (13) to pass through vertically.

3. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Both the first flange (1) and the second flange (8) extend vertically to form guide sleeves (12) for the guide post (13) to pass through.

4. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide post (13) is provided with a limiting element to limit the downward distance of the lower bucket (15) relative to the upper bucket (16).

5. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the cylinder corresponding to the upper bucket (16) is provided with a first flange (1), and multiple first adjusting screws (3) are provided on the first flange (1). The conical plug (4) and the first adjusting screws (3) are connected by a hinge. Each first adjusting screw (3) is provided with a first adjusting nut (2) to adjust the distance between the conical plug (4) and the first flange (1).

6. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bucket (16) is provided with a first flange (1) on the corresponding cylinder, and the lower bucket (15) is provided with a second flange (8) on the corresponding cylinder. A spring (7) is connected between the first flange (1) and the second flange (8).

7. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A second adjusting screw (5) is provided on the first flange (1), and a second adjusting nut (6) is provided for each second adjusting screw (5). The spring (7) is connected to the first flange (1) through the second adjusting screw (5).

8. The dust suppression hopper as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible component is canvas (14).

9. The dust suppression hopper according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The upper bucket (16) is provided with a first flange (1) on the corresponding cylinder, and the lower bucket (15) is provided with a third flange (9) on the corresponding cylinder. A flexible component connects the first flange (1) and the third flange (9).

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