Hole opening protection device for tunnel excavation

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, and particularly discloses a tunnel opening protection device for tunnel excavation, which comprises a bottom plate, more than one folding plate is covered on the surface of the bottom plate, each folding plate comprises a first baffle and a second baffle which are hinged with each other, the first baffle is hinged on the surface of the bottom plate, and the second baffle is connected on the surface of the bottom plate in a sliding manner; the folding plate is arched, so that the first baffle and the second baffle are obliquely arranged; the inner sides of the first baffle and the second baffle are connected through an elastic structure. And the buffer layer is used for providing enough buffer, so that the gravel does not have enough impact even if the gravel flies out of the gap after being rebounded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering construction technology, specifically to a tunnel entrance protection device. Background Technology

[0002] During the blasting excavation of the tunnel entrance section, sand, debris, soil and other materials may fly out from the blasting point during the blasting operation, which may cause casualties, damage to buildings and machinery and equipment. Casualties are the greatest hazard caused by flying debris from blasting, so protection against flying debris from blasting is necessary.

[0003] Currently, protective devices for blasting excavation are mostly of two types: flexible protective devices mainly composed of protective curtains, and rigid protective devices mainly composed of protective plates. Flexible protective devices, primarily composed of protective curtains, have the advantages of low noise and good cushioning, but they are easily damaged and require frequent replacement. Rigid protective devices, primarily composed of protective plates, have the advantages of high strength, but they are noisy and do not cushion the flying sand and gravel from blasting. A small amount of sand and gravel will bounce back and fly out through the gaps, and because they have not received sufficient cushioning, they still have a significant impact, posing a danger. This utility model proposes improvements to address the technical problems existing in rigid protective devices primarily composed of protective plates. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a tunnel entrance protection device to solve the problem in the background art where rigid protection devices do not buffer the sand and gravel flying out during blasting. A small amount of sand and gravel will fly out through the gaps after rebounding, resulting in the flying sand and gravel still having a large impact due to insufficient buffering, which is dangerous.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A tunnel opening protection device includes a base plate, the surface of which is covered with one or more folding plates. Each folding plate includes a first baffle and a second baffle that are hinged to each other. The first baffle is hinged to the surface of the base plate, and the second baffle is slidably connected to the surface of the base plate. The folding plates are arched, so that the first baffle and the second baffle are inclined. The inner sides of the first baffle and the second baffle are connected by an elastic structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic structure includes an elastic element, a first folding rod, and a second folding rod; the first folding rod and the second folding rod are hinged to each other, forming an arch shape after hinge; the opening and closing directions of the first folding rod and the second folding rod are opposite to the opening and closing directions of the folding plate; the first folding rod is hinged to the inner side of the first baffle, the second folding rod is hinged to the inner side of the second baffle, one end of the elastic element is connected to the first folding rod, and the other end is connected to the second folding rod.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic element is a tension spring.

[0009] Preferably, there are two folding plates, which are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the base plate. The first baffles of the two folding plates are hinged together in the middle of the base plate. The specific structure of the second baffle slidingly connected to the surface of the base plate is as follows: the outer end of the second baffle is hinged with a slider, the surface of the base plate is provided with a groove, the slider is slidably connected to the groove, and the slider slides to adapt to the unfolding and arching of the folding plate.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first baffle and the second baffle have a rubber layer on their outer sides.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer side of the rubber layer is provided with multiple protrusions.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0013] The base plate surface is equipped with folding plates, which are folded into an arch shape, causing the first and second baffles to be set at an angle. The elastic structure is used for resetting and providing tension to prevent the folding plates from collapsing. During the blasting, the flying sand and gravel hit the first and second baffles. Most of the flying stones impact head-on, and since they are at an angle to the inclined first and second baffles, the impact force of the flying stones is reduced laterally from the direction of impact. When the impact of flying stones is large, the folding plates will press down to adapt to the impact, thereby reducing the impact. Even if flying stones with reduced impact force fly out through the gaps, they will not have sufficient impact. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged image A.

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged image B.

[0017] Figure 4 The structural diagram of this utility model is shown in the figure.

[0018] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-base plate, 2-folding plate, 21-first baffle, 22-second baffle, 3-first folding rod, 4-second folding rod, 5-tension spring, 6-rubber layer, 61-protrusion point, 7-slide groove, 8-slider, 9-drilling and blasting trolley. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model, so as to provide a better understanding of the concept of the present utility model, the technical problem solved, the technical features constituting the technical solution and the technical effects brought about.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, a tunnel excavation entrance protection device includes a base plate 1, the surface of which is covered with one or more folding plates 2. Each folding plate 2 includes a first baffle 21 and a second baffle 22 that are hinged to each other. The first baffle 21 is hinged to the surface of the base plate 1, and the second baffle 22 is slidably connected to the surface of the base plate 1. The folding plates 2 are arched, so that the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22 are inclined. The inner sides of the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22 are connected by an elastic structure.

[0021] In use, the base plate 1 is installed on the end face of the drilling and blasting trolley 9, which is a construction platform for tunnel excavation. The drilling and blasting trolley 9 provides rigid support for the invention while increasing its overall weight to withstand the blasting impact load. A folding plate 2 is provided on the surface of the base plate 1, folded into an arch shape, causing the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22 to be inclined. An elastic structure is used for resetting and providing tension to prevent the folding plate 2 from collapsing. During blasting, flying sand and gravel strike the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22. Most of the flying debris impacts head-on, creating an angle with the inclined first baffle 21 and second baffle 22, which reduces the impact force of the flying debris laterally. When the impact is large, the folding plate 2 will press down to adapt to the impact, thus mitigating it. Even if the flying debris with reduced impact force flies out through the gaps, it will not have sufficient impact. Buffering is essentially reducing the impact force or increasing the contact time. The tilt angle is used to reduce the impact force. The first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22 can be pressed down to increase the contact time with the flying stone, thereby mitigating the impact.

[0022] like Figure 2As shown, the elastic structure further includes an elastic element, a first folding rod 3, and a second folding rod 4. The first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 are hinged to each other, forming an arch shape after hinge. The opening and closing directions of the first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 are opposite to the opening and closing directions of the folding plate 2. The first folding rod 3 is hinged to the inner side of the first baffle 21, and the second folding rod 4 is hinged to the inner side of the second baffle 22. One end of the elastic element is connected to the first folding rod 3, and the other end is connected to the second folding rod 4. The opening and closing directions of the first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 are opposite to the opening and closing directions of the folding plate 2. The first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 are mainly used to support the folding plate 2. The opening and closing degree of the first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 is set so that the first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 still form an arch shape in their maximum opening state. This ensures that the folding plate 2 will not be flattened under the impact of a large flying stone, thereby ensuring that the elastic element itself is not squeezed. It should be noted that the first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 only abut against the base plate 1 and are not directly connected. The first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 provide support for the folding plate 2 by contacting the base plate 1, but when the folding plate 2 deforms, the first folding rod 3 and the second folding rod 4 can still move horizontally to match the displacement caused by the deformation of the folding plate 2.

[0023] Preferably, the elastic element is a tension spring 5.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, preferably, there are two folding plates 2, symmetrically arranged on the surface of the base plate 1. The first baffles 21 of the two folding plates 2 are hinged together in the middle of the base plate 1. The specific structure of the second baffle 22 slidably connected to the surface of the base plate 1 is as follows: a slider 8 is hinged to the outer end of the second baffle 22, and a groove 7 is provided on the surface of the base plate 1. The slider 8 is slidably connected to the groove 7, and the slider 8 slides to adapt to the unfolding and arching of the folding plate 2. The two folding plates 2 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the surface of the base plate 1, each covering half of the base plate 1. The two folding plates 2 can work independently to complete the buffering, and the area covered by a single folding plate 2 is reduced, which can reduce the overall arching height of the folding plate 2, making it easier to buffer flying stones.

[0025] Furthermore, a rubber layer 6 is provided on the outer side of both the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22. The rubber layer 6 is located on the outer side of the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22, and the angle of the rubber layer 6 is the same as that of the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22 for buffering flying stones. Both buffer and guide the flying stones from the side. The rubber layer 6 has greater friction, which can further reduce the impact of flying stones during the guiding process.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer side of the rubber layer 6 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 61. The protrusions 61 are designed to increase friction and further reduce the impact of flying stones.

[0027] The terms "connection" and "fixing" appearing in this utility model description can refer to fixed connection, processing and forming, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model should be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are used only to indicate the orientation or positional relationship for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel entrance protection device, characterized in that: Includes a base plate (1), the surface of the base plate (1) is covered with one or more folding plates (2), the folding plates (2) include a first baffle (21) and a second baffle (22) that are hinged to each other, the first baffle (21) is hinged to the surface of the base plate (1), and the second baffle (22) is slidably connected to the surface of the base plate (1); The folding plate (2) is arched, so that the first baffle (21) and the second baffle (22) are set at an angle; The inner sides of the first baffle (21) and the second baffle (22) are connected by an elastic structure.

2. The tunnel entrance protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic structure includes an elastic element, a first folding rod (3) and a second folding rod (4). The first folding rod (3) and the second folding rod (4) are hinged together and form an arch after hinge. The opening and closing directions of the first folding rod (3) and the second folding rod (4) are opposite to the opening and closing direction of the folding plate (2). The first folding rod (3) is hinged to the inside of the first baffle (21), and the second folding rod (4) is hinged to the inside of the second baffle (22). One end of the elastic element is connected to the first folding rod (3), and the other end is connected to the second folding rod (4).

3. The tunnel entrance protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic element is a tension spring (5).

4. The tunnel entrance protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of folding plates (2) is two, and the two folding plates (2) are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the base plate (1). The first baffles (21) of the two folding plates (2) are hinged together in the middle of the base plate (1). The specific structure of the second baffle (22) slidingly connected to the surface of the base plate (1) is as follows: the outer end of the second baffle (22) is hinged with a slider (8), the surface of the base plate (1) is provided with a groove (7), the slider (8) is slidably connected to the groove (7), and the slider (8) slides to adapt to the unfolding and arching of the folding plate (2).

5. The tunnel entrance protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first baffle (21) and the second baffle (22) have a rubber layer (6) on their outer sides.

6. The tunnel entrance protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the rubber layer (6) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (61).

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