Ventilation structure for exterior wall of building

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ventilation structure for a building exterior wall, which comprises a building exterior wall and an exterior panel, the exterior panel is positioned on one side of the building exterior wall, a 20-50cm cavity is formed between the exterior panel and the building exterior wall, the top end of the exterior panel is provided with an air outlet for air circulation, and the bottom end of the exterior panel is provided with an air inlet for air exchange; a heat reflection composite layer used for assisting heat dissipation is fixedly installed on the side, close to the outer decorative panel, of the building outer wall, an intelligent regulation and control structure used for automatically adjusting the opening degree of an air inlet is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom end of the outer decorative panel through bolts, and a temperature and humidity sensor used for controlling starting of the intelligent regulation and control structure is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer decorative panel. When the device is used, the indoor thermal environment is improved through the synergistic effect of air convection and heat reflection radiation, and the device has the active thermal regulation capacity through the synergistic operation of the temperature and humidity sensor, the intelligent regulation and control structure, the heat reflection composite layer and the dust removal structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building carbon technology, and in particular to a ventilation structure for building exterior walls. Background Technology

[0002] Building exterior walls are components that enclose buildings and form the boundary between the interior and exterior. They not only showcase the building's external image and meet users' needs for high-quality interior spaces, but also bear certain loads, shield against wind and rain, protect the interior spaces, and ensure the integrity and stability of the building's structural system.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent (publication number CN222025368U) discloses a building exterior wall decorative panel, including a panel, the panel and a rock wool board, the rock wool board is installed on the panel, two sets of adjustment components and limiting components are installed on both side walls of the panel, and two sets of snap-fit ​​components are installed on both side walls of the rock wool board.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above search and combined with existing information, traditional building exterior cladding (terracotta panels, stone curtain walls, etc.) can only achieve decorative and waterproof functions. When used in high-temperature environments in summer, a large amount of heat will accumulate inside the equipment. However, this patent lacks active thermal regulation capabilities and cannot solve the problem of heat accumulation in summer on its own. This will lead to reduced equipment operating efficiency, shortened service life, and even malfunctions, affecting the normal use of the building. If additional air conditioning or other cooling equipment is relied upon to deal with the heat accumulation problem, it will not only increase energy consumption and operating costs, but also be detrimental to energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a ventilation structure for building exterior walls that addresses the above-mentioned technical problems, thereby improving the indoor thermal environment and extending the service life of the equipment through the synergistic effect of air convection and heat reflection radiation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A ventilation structure for building exterior walls, which is used to improve the indoor thermal environment through the synergistic effect of air convection and heat reflection radiation.

[0008] The ventilation structure for the building exterior wall specifically includes: the building exterior wall and the exterior panel, the exterior panel being located on one side of the building exterior wall, and a cavity of 20-50cm being formed between the two, the top of the exterior panel having an air outlet for air circulation, and the bottom of the exterior panel having an air inlet for air exchange.

[0009] A heat-reflective composite layer for auxiliary heat dissipation is fixedly installed on the side of the building exterior wall near the exterior panel. An intelligent control structure for automatically adjusting the opening of the air inlet is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the exterior panel by bolts. A temperature and humidity sensor for controlling the activation of the intelligent control structure is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exterior panel. A dust removal structure for ensuring smooth airflow inside the cavity is fixedly installed on the side of the exterior panel near the building exterior wall.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, a dustproof net for dust prevention is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the exterior panel by bolts, and the dustproof net is located inside the air outlet.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, the intelligent control structure includes an opening and closing plate located inside the air inlet. Push rods for rotating the opening and closing plate are rotatably mounted on both sides of the opening and closing plate. Power motors for providing rotational power to the push rods are mounted on both outer sides of the opening and closing plate, and the power motors are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exterior panel. The output shafts of the two sets of power motors are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two push rods, and the lower ends of the two push rods are rotatably connected to the opening and closing plate via pins.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, the intelligent control structure further includes a gear, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft of the power motor. The exterior panel is slidably connected to a moving strip for the opening and closing plate to rotate freely on the side near the building exterior wall. A rack is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the moving strip, and the rack meshes with the gear.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, the exterior panel is fixedly connected to a fixing bolt on the side near the building exterior wall by a connecting plate. The outer wall of the fixing bolt is rotatably sleeved with a support plate for limiting the opening and closing plate after opening. The bottom end of the fixing bolt is threaded with an adjusting nut for adjusting the height of the support plate, and the top of the adjusting nut is in contact with the support plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, the heat-reflective composite layer is composed of a stainless steel base plate, a heat insulation layer and a reflective film layer. The stainless steel base plate is fixedly installed on one side of the building exterior wall, and the reflective film layer, the heat insulation layer and the stainless steel base plate are sequentially stacked and fixed by a composite bonding process.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, the dust removal structure includes a fixed groove plate, which is fixedly installed on one side of the exterior panel by bolts. Multiple cleaning brushes for cleaning dust from cavities are installed below the fixed groove plate. An outer cover is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the fixed groove plate. A winding roller for controlling the unfolding or merging of the cleaning brushes and a spiraling roller for controlling the cleaning brushes to adhere to the exterior panel are rotatably installed inside the outer cover. The winding roller and the cleaning brushes are connected by a control rope, and the spiraling roller and the cleaning brushes are connected by a pull rope. The cleaning brushes and the fixed groove plate are fixedly connected by a fixing rope, and the fixing rope is fixedly connected to each cleaning brush to prevent the cleaning brushes from sliding down arbitrarily.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, a bidirectional dual-axis motor for providing operating power is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed groove plate. Both output ends of the bidirectional dual-axis motor are fixedly connected to rotating shafts, and both rotating shafts pass through the inside of the winding roller.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, friction wheels are threadedly fitted on the outer walls of both rotating shafts. A second friction wheel for driving the winding roller is attached above the first friction wheel. A rotating rod is fixedly installed on one side of the second friction wheel, and one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the winding roller.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model, a dust collection box is installed on one side of the exterior panel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This utility model provides a ventilation structure for building exterior walls that improves the indoor thermal environment through the synergistic effect of air convection and heat reflection radiation. Utilizing the coordinated operation of temperature and humidity sensors, an intelligent control structure, a heat-reflective composite layer, and a dust removal structure, it possesses active thermal regulation capabilities. In summer, it can achieve multiple air exchanges and significant cooling through self-circulating heat dissipation and the heat-reflective composite layer, effectively solving the problem of heat accumulation and preventing equipment malfunctions such as reduced operating efficiency and shortened lifespan due to high temperatures, thus ensuring normal building use. In winter, the air inlet can be closed, creating an insulating cavity. Combined with the reverse radiation of the heat-reflective layer, it suppresses heat loss, achieving efficient insulation. In terms of energy saving and sustainability, it eliminates excessive reliance on air conditioning equipment, significantly reducing energy consumption and operating costs, aligning with the concepts of energy conservation, emission reduction, and sustainable development. Simultaneously, self-circulating heat dissipation reduces thermal stress damage to the exterior panels, extending their service life and reducing maintenance costs. The automatic dust removal structure maintains smooth ventilation, further ensuring the long-term stable operation of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ventilation structure used for the exterior wall of a building.

[0023] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the ventilation structure used for the exterior wall of a building.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a breakdown diagram of the reflective composite layer in a ventilation structure for building exterior walls.

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the intelligent control structure in the ventilation structure for building exterior walls.

[0026] Figure 5 Detailed diagram of the intelligent control structure in the ventilation structure used for building exterior walls.

[0027] Figure 6 A structural diagram of the dust removal structure in a ventilation structure for building exterior walls.

[0028] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the dust removal structure in a ventilation structure for building exterior walls.

[0029] The markings in the diagram are explained as follows:

[0030] 1. Building exterior walls; 2. Exterior cladding panels;

[0031] 3. Reflective composite layer; 301. Stainless steel base plate; 302. Heat insulation layer; 303. Reflective film layer;

[0032] 4. Dustproof netting;

[0033] 501. Opening / closing plate; 502. Push rod; 503. Power motor; 504. Auxiliary rod; 505. Sealing strip; 506. Gear; 507. Moving bar; 508. Spring; 509. Support plate; 510. Adjusting nut;

[0034] 601. Fixed groove plate; 602. Cleaning brush; 603. Outer cover; 604. Winding roller; 605. Winding roller; 606. Control rope; 607. Pull rope; 608. Drop plate; 609. Fixed rod; 610. Positioning sleeve; 611. Fixed rope; 612. Bidirectional dual-axis motor; 613. Rotating shaft; 614. Friction wheel one; 615. Friction wheel two; 616. Limiting groove plate; 617. Collection box; 618. Limiting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] As described in the background section, the lack of active thermal regulation capability makes it impossible to autonomously solve the problem of heat accumulation in summer.

[0037] To address this technical problem, this utility model provides a ventilation structure for building exterior walls, which improves the indoor thermal environment through the synergistic effect of air convection and heat reflection radiation.

[0038] For details, please refer to Figures 1-3 The ventilation structure for the building exterior wall specifically includes: building exterior wall 1 and exterior panel 2. The exterior panel 2 is located on one side of the building exterior wall 1, and a cavity of 20-50cm is formed between the two. An air outlet for air circulation is opened at the top of the exterior panel 2, and an air inlet for air exchange is opened at the bottom of the exterior panel 2.

[0039] A heat-reflective composite layer 3 for auxiliary heat dissipation is fixedly installed on the side of the building exterior wall 1 near the exterior panel 2. An intelligent control structure for automatically adjusting the opening of the air inlet is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the exterior panel 2 by bolts. A temperature and humidity sensor for controlling the start of the intelligent control structure is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exterior panel 2. A dust removal structure for ensuring smooth airflow inside the cavity is fixedly installed on the side of the exterior panel 2 near the building exterior wall 1.

[0040] The ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model operates on the following principle: A temperature and humidity sensor monitors the environmental parameters within a 20-50cm cavity between the exterior panel 2 and the building exterior wall 1 in real time. In winter mode, the intelligent control structure closes the bottom air inlet, creating an insulation cavity. Utilizing the temperature-reflecting properties of the heat-reflecting composite layer 3, heat loss from the interior is reduced, providing insulation. In summer mode, the intelligent control structure opens the air inlet, achieving an average of 15-20 air exchanges per day. Simultaneously, the heat-reflecting composite layer 3 reduces the overall indoor temperature by 6-8 degrees Celsius, achieving a cooling effect. Through the air inlet, outlet, and intelligent control structure, a full-process self-circulating heat dissipation system is achieved. The continuous airflow reduces thermal stress damage to the exterior panel 2 caused by temperature changes by 30%, thereby extending the service life of the exterior panel 2. During normal shutdown, a dust removal structure is activated to remove any accumulated dust within the cavity, ensuring smooth airflow inside the cavity.

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0043] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0044] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-2 , Figures 4-5 A ventilation structure for building exterior walls includes a building exterior wall 1 and an exterior panel 2. The building exterior wall 1 and the exterior panel 2 are fixedly connected by an adhesive, and the adhesive is made of polyurethane foam. A dustproof net 4 for dust prevention is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the exterior panel 2 by bolts, and the dustproof net 4 is located inside the air outlet.

[0045] The intelligent control structure includes an opening and closing plate 501 located inside the air inlet. Both sides of the opening and closing plate 501 are rotatably mounted with push rods 502 for pushing the opening and closing plate 501 to rotate. Both outer sides of the opening and closing plate 501 are mounted with power motors 503 for providing rotational power to the push rods 502. The power motors 503 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer trim panel 2. The output shafts of the two sets of power motors 503 are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two push rods 502 respectively, and the lower ends of the two push rods 502 are rotatably connected to the opening and closing plate 501 through pins.

[0046] Specifically, each push rod 502 is equipped with an auxiliary rod 504 for assisting the opening and closing plate 501. The upper end of the auxiliary rod 504 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer trim panel 2 via a pin, and the lower end of the auxiliary rod 504 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the opening and closing plate 501 via a pin. Both sides of the opening and closing plate 501 are fixedly equipped with sealing strips 505 to enhance the cavity sealing, so as to ensure the heat insulation effect of the cavity in winter.

[0047] The intelligent control structure also includes a gear 506, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft of the power motor 503. The outer panel 2 is slidably connected to a moving strip 507 for the opening and closing plate 501 to rotate freely on the side near the building exterior wall 1. A rack is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the moving strip 507, and the rack meshes with the gear 506.

[0048] Specifically, a roller is rotatably mounted on the top of the movable strip 507 via a pin. The interior of the outer trim panel 2 is provided with a sliding groove for the movable strip 507 to slide, and the roller is located in the sliding groove. A spring 508 for supporting the movable strip 507 is installed in the sliding groove. The top of the spring 508 is fixedly connected to the movable strip 507, and the bottom of the spring 508 is fixedly connected to the outer trim panel 2, thereby preventing the movable strip 507 from falling off.

[0049] The exterior panel 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the building exterior wall 1 by a connecting plate with a fixing bolt. The outer wall of the fixing bolt is rotatably fitted with a support plate 509 for limiting the opening and closing plate 501 after opening. The bottom end of the fixing bolt is threaded with an adjusting nut 510 for adjusting the height of the support plate 509, and the top of the adjusting nut 510 is in contact with the support plate 509.

[0050] The ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided in this embodiment works as follows: The drive motor 503 drives the push rod 502, which, together with the auxiliary rod 504, precisely controls the opening and closing plate 501 to rotate upward and overlap with the exterior panel 2, thereby fully opening the air inlet and allowing air to circulate freely. With the help of the gear 506 and rack and the preload of the spring 508, the opening and closing plate 501 is self-locked. At the same time, in the low temperature conditions of winter, the drive motor 503 drives the opening and closing plate 501 to close. Together with the sealing strip 505 and the closed opening and closing plate 501, a double airtight barrier is formed, which creates a heat insulation cavity inside the air and effectively reduces indoor heat loss.

[0051] The above structural design has the following benefits: the gear 506 and rack structure utilize the preload of spring 508 to achieve self-locking of the opening and closing plate 501, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the opening and closing process. Combined with the sealing strip 505, a double airtight barrier is formed, effectively blocking the entry of cold air, thereby achieving the dual functions of summer ventilation and cooling and winter heat preservation and energy saving, and improving the building's thermal regulation performance and energy efficiency.

[0052] Example 2: Further optimization of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided in Example 1, specifically, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the heat-reflective composite layer 3 is composed of a stainless steel base plate 301, a heat insulation layer 302, and a reflective film layer 303. The stainless steel base plate 301 is fixedly installed on one side of the building exterior wall 1, and the stainless steel base plate 301 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the building exterior wall 1 by inserts and adhesive. The inserts are located on one side of the stainless steel base plate 301. A slot is opened inside the building exterior wall 1, and the inserts are located in the slot. The reflective film layer 303, the heat insulation layer 302, and the stainless steel base plate 301 are sequentially stacked and fixed by a composite adhesive process.

[0053] Specifically, the reflective film layer 303 is a nano-scale aluminum-based reflective film (reflectivity ≥85%), and the heat insulation layer 302 is a 5mm aerogel and a silicone frame for fixation, to achieve bidirectional blocking of heat radiation;

[0054] The ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided in this embodiment works as follows: The heat-reflective composite layer 3 adopts a "sandwich" structure to work together. The stainless steel base plate 301 is precisely positioned with the slot of the building exterior wall 1 through the insert block. It forms a mechanical and chemical double anchor with polyurethane adhesive. Then, a flexible heat insulation barrier is formed by using 5mm aerogel and silicone frame. The nano-level aluminum-based reflective film is combined with aerogel and forms a two-way heat resistance layer with the porous structure of aerogel. When the sun is highly radiant in summer, the reflective film layer 303 reflects most of the heat. The remaining heat is attenuated by aerogel and only a small amount is transferred to the room. At the same time, in winter, it suppresses the loss of indoor heat through reverse radiation, realizing dynamic heat buffering.

[0055] The above structural design has the following benefits: the heat-reflective composite layer 3, combined with polyurethane adhesive, forms a dual mechanical and chemical anchoring, ensuring structural stability. At the same time, the heat-reflective composite layer 3 effectively improves the thermal regulation performance of the equipment, achieving the dual goals of energy saving and comfort.

[0056] Example 3: Further optimization of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided in Example 1 or 2, such as... Figure 2 , Figures 6-7 As shown, the dust removal structure includes a fixed trough plate 601, which is fixedly installed on one side of the outer trim panel 2 by bolts. Multiple cleaning brushes 602 for cleaning dust in the cavity are installed below the fixed trough plate 601. An outer cover 603 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed trough plate 601. A winding roller 604 for controlling the opening or closing of the cleaning brushes 602 and a winding roller 605 for controlling the cleaning brushes 602 to adhere to the outer trim panel 2 are rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the outer cover 603. The winding roller 604 and the cleaning brushes 602 are connected by a control rope 606. The winding roller 605 and the cleaning brushes 602 are connected by a pull rope 607. The cleaning brushes 602 and the fixed trough plate 601 are fixedly connected by a fixing rope 611. The fixing rope 611 is fixedly connected to each cleaning brush 602 to prevent the cleaning brushes 602 from sliding down randomly.

[0057] Specifically, the control rope 606 passes through the cleaning brush 602 in sequence, and the bottom end of the control rope 606 is fixedly connected to a drop plate 608 for assisting the control rope 606 in maintaining a taut state. The drop plate 608 is located at the bottom of the lowest cleaning brush 602.

[0058] More specifically, the bottom end of the pull rope 607 is rotatably connected to a fixing rod 609, and the outer wall of the fixing rod 609 is slidably fitted with a positioning sleeve 610 for fixing the cleaning brush 602, and the positioning sleeve 610 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the cleaning brush 602. The bottom end of the fixing rod 609 is provided with a limiting plate to prevent the fixing rod 609 from slipping off.

[0059] A bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 for providing operating power is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed groove plate 601. Both output ends of the bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 are fixedly connected to rotating shafts 613, and both rotating shafts 613 pass through the inside of the winding roller 604.

[0060] The outer walls of both rotating shafts 613 are threaded with friction wheels 614. Friction wheels 615 for driving the winding roller 605 are attached above friction wheels 614. A rotating rod is fixedly installed on one side of friction wheel 615, and one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the winding roller 605.

[0061] A dust collection box 617 is installed on one side of the exterior panel 2;

[0062] Specifically, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 613 is provided with a threaded groove, and the friction wheel 614 is located in the threaded groove. One side of the friction wheel 614 is rotatably connected to a limiting frame 618 for driving the friction wheel 614 to move via a bearing, and the limiting frame 618 is located in the threaded groove. The inner wall of the fixed groove plate 601 is fixedly installed with a limiting groove plate 616, and both ends of the limiting frame 618 are slidably located in the limiting groove plate 616.

[0063] More specifically, a baffle is provided at one end of the threaded groove to restrict the movement of friction wheel 614. The baffle is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 613. A sensing block is provided on the inner wall of the baffle. When friction wheel 614 moves to the end of the threaded groove and contacts the baffle, the sensing block transmits a signal to the bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 to make it rotate in both directions. At this time, friction wheel 614 separates from friction wheel 615, ensuring that when the control rope 606 pulls the cleaning brush 602 up and down, it will not drive friction wheel 614 to rotate, thereby avoiding the problem of the cleaning brush 602 not fitting tightly with the outer trim panel 2 and achieving precise cleaning.

[0064] The ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided in this embodiment works as follows: A bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 drives a rotating shaft 613 to rotate. The rotating shaft 613 drives a friction wheel 614 to move through a threaded groove. The winding roller 604 releases the control rope 606. Combined with the gravity of the drop plate 608, the cleaning brush 602 is pulled open. The friction wheel 614 and the second friction wheel 615 come into frictional contact, causing the rotating rod to rotate, which in turn drives the winding roller 605 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby controlling the pull rope 607 to pull up and fix it. The lever 609, due to the gravity of the drop plate 608, keeps both the control rope 606 and the fixed rope 611 taut, which pulls down the cleaning brush 602. This, in turn, creates a counterforce against the upward pull of the fixed lever 609, causing the cleaning brush 602 to flip. This allows the angle of the cleaning brush 602 to be adjusted so that it fits tightly against the exterior panel 2. Then, the bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 causes the rotating shaft 613 to rotate in both directions, thus performing the dust removal operation.

[0065] The above structural design has the following benefits: By precisely adjusting the angle of the cleaning brush 602 to make it fit tightly against the exterior panel 2, and cooperating with the bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 to control the forward and reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 613, the cleaning brush 602 is driven to reciprocate to automatically remove dust. This not only eliminates the need for manual operation, but also ensures the cleaning quality, maintains smooth air circulation inside the ventilation structure, reduces the impact of dust on ventilation and heat regulation functions, and also ensures a stable and reliable cleaning process.

[0066] The usage process of the ventilation structure for building exterior walls provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0067] First, the environmental parameters of the cavity between the exterior panel 2 and the building exterior wall 1 are monitored in real time by temperature and humidity sensors. In summer mode, the intelligent control structure drives the opening and closing plate 501 to open the air inlet, and air enters the cavity through the air inlet and is discharged from the top air outlet, achieving 15 to 20 air exchanges per day. Combined with the reflective effect of the heat-reflective composite layer 3, most of the solar radiation heat is reflected, and the remaining heat is attenuated by the aerogel, which reduces the indoor temperature by 6 to 8°C. In winter mode, the opening and closing plate 501 is closed, and the cavity forms a heat insulation cavity. The heat-reflective composite layer 3 inhibits the loss of indoor heat through reverse radiation, which has a heat preservation effect. Through the whole process of self-circulating heat dissipation, the thermal stress damage caused by temperature changes to the exterior panel 2 is reduced, and its service life is extended.

[0068] The intelligent control structure operates as follows: The power motor 503 is started to drive the push rod 502 and the auxiliary rod 504, which precisely control the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate 501. The gear 506 and the rack structure, together with the preload of the spring 508, achieve the self-locking position of the opening and closing plate 501, ensuring the stability of the opening and closing process. Together with the sealing strip 505, a double airtight barrier is formed when closed, which enhances the heat insulation effect. After the opening and closing plate 501 is opened, the support plate 509 and the adjusting nut 510 are manually rotated to limit and adjust the height of the opening and closing plate 501, ensuring that the air inlet is fully opened.

[0069] Then, in the unventilated state, the opening and closing plate 501 is closed, and the bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 starts and drives the rotating shaft 613 to rotate. The threaded groove on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 613 controls the limiting frame 618 to drive the friction wheel 614 to move and rotate along the limiting groove plate 616. During this process, the winding roller 604 releases the control rope 606 as the rotating shaft 613 rotates. Since the bottom end of the control rope 606 is connected to the drop plate 608, the drop plate 608 has a certain gravity. When the control rope 606 is released, the drop plate 608 drives the control rope 606 to move downward, so that each cleaning brush 602 changes from the combined state to the hanging and unfolded state, preparing for the cleaning work.

[0070] When the cleaning brush 602 is unfolded, friction wheel 1 614 moves to a specific position and comes into contact with friction wheel 2 615. The rotation of friction wheel 1 614 is transmitted to friction wheel 2 615 through friction, which in turn drives the rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod then drives the winding roller 605 to rotate in the opposite direction. When the winding roller 605 rotates, it will wind up the pull rope 607. The pull rope 607 pulls up the fixing rod 609. At the same time, the gravity of the drop plate 608 keeps the control rope 606 and the fixing rope 611 taut, generating a downward force on the cleaning brush 602. In this way, the upward force of the fixing rod 609 and the downward force of the control rope 606 and the fixing rope 611 form a counterforce, causing the cleaning brush 602 to flip, thereby adjusting the angle of the cleaning brush 602 so that it can fit tightly against the exterior panel 2 and ensure the cleaning effect.

[0071] Finally, after the cleaning brush 602 is tightly attached to the exterior panel 2, the friction wheel 614 moves to the end of the threaded groove and contacts the baffle. The sensor block on the inner wall of the baffle transmits a signal to the bidirectional dual-axis motor 612. The bidirectional dual-axis motor 612 controls the rotating shaft 613 to rotate in both directions. The rotation of the rotating shaft 613 drives the winding roller 604 and the winding roller 605 to work together, so that the cleaning brush 602 moves up and down along the surface of the exterior panel 2, thereby removing dust that may accumulate in the cavity. At the same time, when the friction wheel 614 contacts the baffle, the friction wheel 614 separates from the friction wheel 615. This prevents the cleaning brush 602 from not sticking tightly to the exterior panel 2 because the friction wheel 614 drives the friction wheel 615 to rotate when the control rope 606 pulls the cleaning brush 602 up and down, thus ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the cleaning work.

[0072] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model, but do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. This utility model can be implemented in many different forms; rather, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure for building exterior walls, characterized in that, It includes an exterior wall (1) and an exterior panel (2). The exterior panel (2) is located on one side of the exterior wall (1), and a cavity of 20-50cm is formed between the two. An air outlet for air circulation is provided at the top of the exterior panel (2), and an air inlet for air exchange is provided at the bottom of the exterior panel (2). A heat-reflective composite layer (3) for auxiliary heat dissipation is fixedly installed on the side of the building exterior wall (1) near the exterior panel (2). An intelligent control structure for automatically adjusting the opening of the air inlet is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the exterior panel (2) by bolts. A temperature and humidity sensor for controlling the start of the intelligent control structure is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exterior panel (2). A dust removal structure for ensuring smooth airflow inside the cavity is fixedly installed on the side of the exterior panel (2) near the building exterior wall (1).

2. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top outer wall of the exterior panel (2) is fixed with a dustproof net (4) for dust prevention by bolts, and the dustproof net (4) is located inside the air outlet.

3. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control structure includes an opening and closing plate (501) located inside the air inlet. Both sides of the opening and closing plate (501) are rotatably mounted with push rods (502) for pushing the opening and closing plate (501) to rotate. Both outer sides of the opening and closing plate (501) are equipped with power motors (503) for providing rotational power to the push rods (502). The power motors (503) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer trim panel (2). The output shafts of the two sets of power motors (503) are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two push rods (502) respectively. The lower ends of the two push rods (502) are rotatably connected to the opening and closing plate (501) through pins.

4. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent control structure also includes a gear (506), which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft of the power motor (503). The exterior panel (2) is slidably connected to a moving strip (507) for the opening and closing plate (501) to rotate freely on the side near the building exterior wall (1). A rack is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the moving strip (507), and the rack meshes with the gear (506).

5. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 3, characterized in that, The exterior panel (2) is fixedly connected to the side of the building exterior wall (1) by a connecting plate. The outer wall of the fixing bolt is rotatably fitted with a support plate (509) for limiting the opening and closing plate (501) after opening. The bottom end of the fixing bolt is threaded with an adjusting nut (510) for adjusting the height of the support plate (509), and the top of the adjusting nut (510) is in contact with the support plate (509).

6. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-reflective composite layer (3) is composed of a stainless steel base plate (301), a heat insulation layer (302) and a reflective film layer (303). The stainless steel base plate (301) is fixedly installed on one side of the building exterior wall (1). The reflective film layer (303), the heat insulation layer (302), and the stainless steel base plate (301) are sequentially stacked and fixed by a composite bonding process.

7. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal structure includes a fixed groove plate (601), which is fixedly installed on one side of the outer trim panel (2) by bolts. Multiple cleaning brushes (602) for cleaning dust from the cavity are installed below the fixed groove plate (601). An outer cover (603) is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the fixed groove plate (601). A winding roller (604) for controlling the unfolding or folding of the cleaning brushes (602) and a control roller (602) for controlling the cleaning brushes (602) are rotatably installed inside the outer cover (603). The winding roller (605) is attached to the outer trim panel (2). The winding roller (604) and the cleaning brush (602) are connected by a control rope (606). The winding roller (605) and the cleaning brush (602) are connected by a pull rope (607). The cleaning brush (602) and the fixing groove plate (601) are fixedly connected by a fixing rope (611). The fixing rope (611) is fixedly connected to each cleaning brush (602) to prevent the cleaning brush (602) from sliding down randomly.

8. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the fixed groove plate (601) is fixedly installed with a bidirectional dual-axis motor (612) for providing operating power. Both output ends of the bidirectional dual-axis motor (612) are fixedly connected with rotating shafts (613), and both rotating shafts (613) pass through the inside of the winding roller (604).

9. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer walls of both rotating shafts (613) are threaded with friction wheel one (614). Friction wheel two (615) for driving the winding roller (605) is attached above friction wheel one (614). A rotating rod is fixedly installed on one side of friction wheel two (615), and one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the winding roller (605).

10. The ventilation structure for building exterior walls according to claim 7, characterized in that, A dust collection box (617) is installed on one side of the exterior panel (2).

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