Motor train unit traction motor bearing shafting pairing test device
By designing a test device for the pairing of bearing shaft systems of traction motors in high-speed trains, the problems of incorrect axial load application and insufficient wind simulation in traditional test devices were solved, thus achieving accurate evaluation and efficient testing of bearing performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520455355.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional EMU traction motor bearing testing devices often apply axial loads incorrectly to non-positioning bearings when simulating operating conditions, interfering with test accuracy and failing to accurately reflect the performance of positioning bearings under actual operating conditions. Furthermore, they are unable to fully simulate the effects of wind during train operation, resulting in significant deviations in test results.
A test device for pairing bearing shafts of traction motors for high-speed trains was designed. By setting up a force transmission structure and a test companion structure, the axial load is ensured to be accurately applied to the positioning bearing, avoiding off-center loading and transmission errors. The device also simulates the influence of wind force through a simulation structure, and combines the drive structure and the grease filling structure to achieve multi-dimensional simulation of the bearing.
It improves the accuracy and reliability of the test, ensures that the test results more realistically reflect the performance of the bearing under actual working conditions, enhances the test precision and credibility, shortens maintenance time, reduces costs, and provides test conditions that are more in line with reality.
Smart Images
Figure CN223827290U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to bearing test device technical field, concretely is a kind of EMU traction motor bearing shafting pairing test device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the field of high-speed EMU, traction motor is the core power source of train operation, and its reliability directly determines the stability and safety of train operation. With the continuous rise of EMU operating speed and the continuous growth of operating mileage, the performance requirements for traction motor are becoming increasingly stringent. As a key component of traction motor, the performance of traction motor bearing plays a decisive role in the performance of the entire traction motor and even the train operation. In actual operation, the bearing system of traction motor works cooperatively with locating bearing and non-locating bearing. When the motor is running, the coil located between the two bearings generates a magnetic pull, which acts on the bearing in the form of radial force. Since the radial force point is not in the middle of the two bearings, it is crucial to accurately simulate the real span of the bearing in performance test to ensure test accuracy. At the same time, due to the complexity of train operation conditions and factors such as magnetic pull, the locating bearing bears alternating axial force, while the non-locating bearing (such as commonly used NU bearing) can only slide due to its structural characteristics and cannot bear axial force. The traditional EMU traction motor bearing test device has obvious defects in simulating operating conditions. On the one hand, the axial load applied during the test is often incorrectly applied to the non-locating bearing, which interferes with the test accuracy and cannot truly reflect the performance of the locating bearing under actual operating conditions. On the other hand, the traditional device cannot fully simulate the wind force or wind speed acting on the bearing during train operation, and lacks effective structure to avoid load deviation and conduction error during loading, resulting in large test result deviation and inability to provide reliable basis for performance evaluation of traction motor bearing. These problems seriously restrict the accurate determination of the performance of traction motor bearing and affect the safe and efficient operation of high-speed EMU. SUMMARY
[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an EMU traction motor bearing shafting pairing test device to solve the problem that the axial load applied by the traditional EMU traction motor bearing test device acts on the non-locating bearing, affecting the test accuracy.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor, including a test sleeve and a mandrel movably disposed in the test sleeve. Both ends of the mandrel are fitted with tooling sleeves, and a test cavity is formed between the tooling sleeves and the mandrel for mounting the bearing to be tested from the outside. The mandrel is provided with a force transmission structure for linkage with an external hydraulic device to transmit axial and radial loads to the mandrel; a test support structure for linkage with the force transmission structure to avoid off-center loading or transmission errors during axial or radial force loading; and a drive structure for linkage with an external drive device to drive the mandrel to simulate the actual operating conditions of the bearing to be tested. The tooling sleeve is provided with a grease filling structure for grease filling the test cavity according to test requirements. The test sleeve is provided with a simulation structure for linkage with an external fan device to simulate the wind force or wind speed effect on the bearing to be tested during actual train operation.
[0005] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The external bearing to be tested is installed into the test cavity formed between the tooling sleeves at both ends of the mandrel and the mandrel, ensuring a stable installation that meets installation standards. The force transmission structure on the mandrel is connected to the external hydraulic device, ensuring a tight connection to ensure that axial and radial loads can be smoothly transmitted to the mandrel. The drive structure is connected to the external drive equipment, and the drive equipment is debugged to ensure stable drive of the mandrel at the set speed. The force transmission structure is activated through the external hydraulic device, and axial and radial loads are gradually applied to the mandrel according to the preset plan. The test structure works synchronously to ensure no off-center loading or transmission errors during the loading process. The external drive equipment is then activated, and the load is transferred to the mandrel via the drive mechanism. The structure drives the spindle to rotate, simulating the actual operating conditions of the bearing under test. Parameters such as rotational speed and running time are controlled to meet the test requirements. An external fan is started, and the simulated structure simulates the wind force or speed affecting the bearing under test during actual train operation. The wind force or speed is adjusted to the set value. During the test, according to the test requirements, the grease filling structure on the tooling sleeve is used to fill the test chamber with grease. The grease filling time, grease filling amount, and changes in the bearing's operating status after grease filling are recorded. Throughout the test, various performance parameters of the bearing under test, such as temperature, vibration, and wear, are monitored in real time and recorded through corresponding sensors and a data acquisition system for subsequent analysis and evaluation.
[0006] The aforementioned technology, by setting up a dedicated force transmission structure and a test support structure, ensures that the axial load can be accurately applied to the positioning bearing, avoiding the problem of axial force being mistakenly applied to non-positioning bearings in traditional devices. This greatly improves the accuracy of the test in simulating axial force loading, making the test results more realistically reflect the performance of the positioning bearing under actual working conditions. The linkage between the test support structure and the force transmission structure effectively avoids the phenomenon of off-center loading and load transmission errors during axial or radial force loading, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of loading, and further improving the test precision. The drive structure is linked with the external drive equipment, which can drive the spindle to rotate, enabling the bearing under test to accurately simulate the actual operating conditions, covering key operating parameters such as speed and load. Meanwhile, the simulation structure set on the test kit is linked with the external fan equipment, which can simulate the wind force or wind speed effect on the bearing under test during actual train operation. It achieves a high degree of restoration of the real operating environment from multiple dimensions, providing more realistic test conditions for bearing performance testing. The grease filling structure on the tooling kit can perform grease filling operation on the test chamber according to the test requirements, meeting the adjustment requirements of bearing lubrication conditions at different test stages, ensuring that the bearing is always in a good lubrication state during the test, and helping to more comprehensively evaluate the bearing performance under different lubrication conditions.
[0007] The present invention further includes: the force transmission structure including an axial loading sleeve fitted on the beginning of the mandrel; the test structure including an axial test bearing disposed between the inner peripheral wall of the axial loading sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the beginning of the mandrel; the axial loading sleeve being provided with an axial loading shaft for linkage with the output end of an external hydraulic device; and the axial loading shaft being coaxially aligned with the mandrel.
[0008] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the bearing to be tested in the test chamber near the beginning of the mandrel is a locating bearing, while the bearing to be tested in the test chamber near the end of the mandrel is a non-locating bearing. This technology designs the force transmission structure as an axial loading sleeve fitted onto the beginning of the mandrel, and sets an axial loading shaft on the axial loading sleeve that is linked to the output end of the external hydraulic equipment. The axial loading shaft is coaxially aligned with the mandrel, ensuring that the axial force applied by the external hydraulic equipment can be accurately and stably transmitted to the mandrel along its axial direction. This precise axial force transmission method avoids test errors caused by deviations in the force transmission path, providing a strong guarantee for accurately simulating the axial force borne by the locating bearing during actual operation. The axial auxiliary bearing in the auxiliary test structure, placed between the inner circumferential wall of the axial loading sleeve and the outer circumferential wall of the beginning of the mandrel, cleverly solves the problem of axial force being incorrectly applied to the non-locating bearing in traditional tests. Axial test bearings can withstand and transfer axial forces, allowing non-locating bearings (such as NU bearings) to be free from axial force interference and continue to focus on their sliding function. This ensures that each bearing can perform its function according to the actual operating conditions during the test, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.
[0009] The present invention further includes: an axial cover is detachably provided on the axial loading sleeve, and the axial loading sleeve and the axial cover are combined to form a split structure; the axial loading shaft is provided on the axial cover, and the axial cover is coaxially aligned with the mandrel; the axial cover has a number of slots evenly distributed around it to reduce the rigidity of the axial cover.
[0010] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The detachable axial cover on the loading sleeve, forming a split structure, greatly improves the ease of installation and maintenance of the testing device. When installing the bearing to be tested or inspecting and replacing internal components such as the axial test bearing, a complex overall disassembly process is unnecessary; simply removing the axial cover allows easy access to the internal structure, significantly shortening installation and maintenance time, improving the efficiency of the testing device, and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the axial loading shaft is positioned on the axial cover, and the axial cover is coaxially aligned with the mandrel, further ensuring accurate transmission of axial force along the mandrel axis. Additionally, the circumferentially distributed slots on the axial cover, designed to reduce its rigidity, allow for more even transmission of axial force to the axial loading sleeve and mandrel when under load. This design avoids force concentration due to excessive local rigidity of the axial cover, resulting in more uniform and stable axial force transmission, effectively reducing force deviation during testing and improving the accuracy of test data. The slotted design effectively reduces the overall rigidity of the axial cover, dispersing stress and preventing stress concentration in localized areas of the axial cover when subjected to axial force. This not only extends the service life of the axial cover and the entire axial loading structure, reducing the risk of structural damage caused by stress concentration, but also ensures the stability of the force transmission structure during the test, providing a solid guarantee for continuous and reliable testing, further improving the credibility of the test results, and at the same time serving as a heat dissipation solution for the axial test bearing.
[0011] The present invention further includes: the force transmission structure including a radial loading sleeve fitted at the center of the mandrel; the test structure including a radial test bearing disposed between the outer peripheral wall of the mandrel and the inner peripheral wall of the radial loading sleeve; and a radial loading shaft disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the radial loading sleeve for linkage with the output end of an external hydraulic device, wherein the radial loading shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel.
[0012] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The force transmission structure, by fitting a radial loading sleeve at the center of the mandrel and setting a radial loading shaft on its outer circumference that is linked to the output end of the external hydraulic equipment, and with the radial loading shaft perpendicular to the mandrel axis, can accurately and stably apply the radial force generated by the external hydraulic equipment to the mandrel. This precise radial force application method avoids the deviation in radial force loading found in traditional devices, providing a reliable means to accurately simulate the radial force conditions borne by the bearing during traction motor operation. This effectively improves the accuracy of test data, allowing the test results to more realistically reflect the bearing's performance under radial force. The accompanying bearing, placed between the outer circumference of the mandrel and the inner circumference of the radial loading sleeve, effectively improves the collaborative working state of the bearings during the test. The accompanying bearing can share and adjust the radial force, ensuring a more uniform distribution of radial force on the test bearing during radial force loading, avoiding excessive local stress, and ensuring that the radial force can act on the mandrel and be transmitted to the test bearing through the mandrel.
[0013] The present invention further includes a vibration sensor on the radial loading sleeve for detecting vibration data when the bearing under test is in operation.
[0014] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are: The vibration sensor installed on the radial loading sleeve enables real-time and accurate detection of vibration data during bearing operation. Compared to traditional testing methods, this design eliminates the need for complex sensor placement procedures, capturing vibration information at the very first moment of bearing operation, significantly improving the timeliness and accuracy of data acquisition. This real-time data provides testers with intuitive and detailed information on the bearing's operating status, helping them to gain a deeper understanding of the bearing's dynamic performance under different operating conditions, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent analysis and evaluation. Since the vibration sensor used in this technology is existing technology, its structure and function will not be elaborated upon further.
[0015] The present invention further includes the following: the grease filling structure includes a grease filling oil passage opened on the tooling sleeve and a grease filling pipe disposed on the tooling sleeve. The beginning of the grease filling oil passage is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve and is connected to the grease filling pipe. The end of the grease filling oil passage is connected to the test chamber.
[0016] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The grease filling structure, by creating a grease filling oil passage on the tooling sleeve and connecting it with a grease filling pipe, provides an extremely convenient method for grease filling during the test. Test personnel do not need to perform complex disassembly of the test device; they can simply inject grease into the grease filling oil passage through the grease filling pipe, and then quickly deliver it to the test chamber to perform grease filling on the bearing under test. This convenient grease filling method greatly saves grease filling time, improves test efficiency, and enables tests under different lubrication conditions to be completed in a shorter time, effectively shortening the entire test cycle. Furthermore, the connection design between the grease filling oil passage and the grease filling pipe allows for precise control of the grease filling amount. According to the test requirements, the test personnel can precisely adjust the amount of grease entering the test chamber by adjusting parameters such as injection pressure, time or flow rate of the grease filling tube. The presence of the grease filling structure ensures that the bearing is always in a good lubrication state during the test, avoiding test interruption or bearing damage due to insufficient lubrication. By timely and accurate grease filling of the test chamber, the grease filling structure can effectively improve the lubrication conditions of the bearing under test and reduce friction and wear between the internal components of the bearing.
[0017] The present invention further includes a drive shaft for coaxially connecting to the output end of an external drive motor device, wherein the drive shaft is coaxially connected to the end of a spindle.
[0018] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The drive structure in the above technology constructs a stable and efficient power transmission path by coaxially connecting the drive shaft to the output end of the external drive motor equipment, and also coaxially connecting the drive shaft to the end of the spindle. The coaxial connection can minimize energy loss and transmission error during power transmission, ensuring that the power output from the external drive motor equipment can be accurately and smoothly transmitted to the spindle, driving the spindle to operate stably at the set speed. This allows the bearing under test to simulate actual operating conditions. The stable power transmission provides continuous and reliable operating power for the bearing under test, enabling the bearing to maintain a stable operating state during the test, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
[0019] The present invention further includes: the test sleeve has a test hole through its length for accommodating the tooling sleeve; the simulation structure includes sealing plates on the inner peripheral walls at both ends of the test hole and a notch circumferentially opened at the center of the test sleeve for airflow generated by an external fan to enter; the notch is located between two tooling sleeves; and both sealing plates are detachably connected to the side walls of their respective adjacent tooling sleeves.
[0020] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The test sleeve is designed with a test hole running along its length to accommodate the tooling sleeve. Combined with sealing plates on the inner walls at both ends of the test hole and a circumferentially notched slot at the center, it can highly realistically simulate the wind environment experienced by the bearing under test during train operation. Airflow generated by an external fan enters through the notch, forming a specific airflow field within the test hole. This airflow acts on the bearing under test between the two tooling sleeves, accurately simulating the airflow around the bearing during actual train operation. This highly realistic wind simulation provides a strong guarantee for accurately evaluating the bearing's performance under the influence of actual operating wind, making the test results more closely resemble real-world conditions. It helps to identify potential problems that may arise in the bearing under wind conditions and provides a reliable basis for optimized design. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional view of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the rear side of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0024] This utility model provides a test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor, including a test sleeve 1 and a mandrel 11 movably disposed in the test sleeve 1. Both ends of the mandrel 11 are fitted with tooling sleeves 2, and a test cavity 21 is formed between the tooling sleeves 2 and the mandrel 11 for mounting the external bearing to be tested. The mandrel 11 is provided with a force transmission structure for linkage with an external hydraulic device to transmit axial and radial loads to the mandrel 11, a test support structure for linkage with the force transmission structure to avoid off-center loading or transmission errors during axial or radial load application, and a drive structure for linkage with an external drive device to drive the mandrel 11 to simulate actual operating conditions of the bearing to be tested. The tooling sleeves 2 are provided with a mechanism for adjusting the bearing according to the test... The test chamber 21 is equipped with a grease-filling structure for grease filling operations as required by the test. The test sleeve 1 is provided with a simulation structure for linkage with external fan equipment to simulate the wind force or wind speed effect on the bearing under test during actual train operation. The force transmission structure includes an axial loading sleeve 3 sleeved on the beginning of the mandrel 11. The auxiliary test structure includes an axial auxiliary bearing 31 disposed between the inner peripheral wall of the axial loading sleeve 3 and the outer peripheral wall of the beginning of the mandrel 11. The axial loading sleeve 3 is provided with an axial loading shaft 32 for linkage with the output end of an external hydraulic device. The axial loading shaft 32 is coaxially aligned with the mandrel 11. An axial cover 33 is detachably provided on the axial loading sleeve 3, and the axial loading sleeve 3 and the axial cover 33 are combined to form a split structure. An axial loading shaft 32 is mounted on an axial cover 33, which is coaxially aligned with the mandrel 11. The axial cover 33 has several circumferentially distributed slots 331 to reduce its rigidity. The force transmission structure includes a radial loading sleeve 4 fitted at the center of the mandrel 11. The test structure includes a radial test bearing 41 positioned between the outer peripheral wall of the mandrel 11 and the inner peripheral wall of the radial loading sleeve 4. A radial loading shaft 42 for linkage with the output end of an external hydraulic device is mounted on the outer peripheral wall of the radial loading sleeve 4. The radial loading shaft 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel 11. A vibration sensor 43 for detecting vibration data during the operation of the bearing under test is mounted on the radial loading sleeve 4. The grease filling structure includes... The tooling sleeve 2 has a grease filling oil passage 22 and a grease filling pipe 23. The beginning of the grease filling oil passage 22 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve 2 and is connected to the grease filling pipe 23. The end of the grease filling oil passage 22 is connected to the test chamber 21. The drive structure includes a drive shaft 12 for coaxial connection with the output end of an external drive motor. The drive shaft 12 is coaxially connected to the end of the spindle 11. The test sleeve 1 has a test hole 13 through its length for accommodating the tooling sleeve 2. The simulation structure includes sealing plates on the inner peripheral walls at both ends of the test hole 13 and a notch 14 circumferentially opened at the center of the test sleeve 1 for airflow generated by an external fan to enter. The notch 14 is located between the two tooling sleeves 2.Both sealing plates are detachably connected to the side wall of their respective adjacent tooling sleeve 2.
[0025] In the above-mentioned technology, the test bearing for positioning bearings is identified as 5 in the accompanying drawings of the specification, and the test bearing for non-positioning bearings is identified as 51 in the accompanying drawings of the specification.
[0026] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of this utility model, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications may be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor, characterized in that: It includes a test sleeve and a mandrel movably arranged in the test sleeve. Tooling sleeves are sleeved on both ends of the mandrel, and a test cavity for installing an externally to-be-tested bearing is formed between the tooling sleeve and the mandrel. A force conduction structure for联动配合 with an external hydraulic device to conduct axial load and radial load to the mandrel, a companion test structure for联动配合 with the force conduction structure to avoid eccentric load or conduction error during axial force loading or radial force loading, and a driving structure for联动配合 with an external driving device to drive the mandrel to rotate so that the to-be-tested bearing simulates the actual operating conditions are arranged on the mandrel. A grease replenishment structure for replenishing grease to the test cavity according to test requirements is arranged on the tooling sleeve, and a simulation structure for联动配合 with an external fan device to simulate the influence of wind force or wind speed on the to-be-tested bearing during the actual operation of the train is arranged on the test sleeve.
2. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force conduction structure includes an axial loading sleeve sleeved on the starting end of the mandrel. The companion test structure includes an axial companion test bearing arranged between the inner peripheral wall of the axial loading sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the mandrel. An axial loading shaft for联动配合 with the output end of an external hydraulic device is arranged on the axial loading sleeve, and the axial loading shaft is coaxially aligned with the mandrel.
3. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: An axial cover is detachably arranged on the axial loading sleeve, and the axial loading sleeve and the axial cover form a split structure. The axial loading shaft is arranged on the axial cover, and the axial cover is coaxially aligned with the mandrel. A plurality of slots for reducing the rigidity of the axial cover are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the axial cover.
4. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The force conduction structure includes a radial loading sleeve sleeved at the center of the mandrel. The companion test structure includes a radial companion test bearing arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the mandrel and the inner peripheral wall of the radial loading sleeve. A radial loading shaft for联动配合 with the output end of an external hydraulic device is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the radial loading sleeve, and the radial loading shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel.
5. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vibration sensor for detecting vibration data during the operation of the to-be-tested bearing is arranged on the radial loading sleeve.
6. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grease replenishment structure includes a grease replenishment oil passage opened on the tooling sleeve and a grease replenishment pipe arranged on the tooling sleeve. The starting end of the grease replenishment oil passage is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve and is connected to the grease replenishment pipe, and the end of the grease replenishment oil passage is connected to the test cavity.
7. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a driving shaft for coaxially connecting with the output end of an external driving motor device, and the driving shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the mandrel.
8. The test device for pairing bearing shafts of a high-speed train traction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A test hole for accommodating the tooling sleeve penetrates through the test sleeve along its length direction. The simulation structure includes sealing plates arranged on the inner peripheral walls at both ends of the test hole and a notch circumferentially opened at the center of the test sleeve for the airflow generated by an external fan to pour in. The notch is arranged between the two tooling sleeves, and both sealing plates are detachably connected to the side walls of the respective adjacent tooling sleeves.