Soil pollution monitoring system for mining area

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of soil monitoring, and relates to a soil pollution monitoring system for a mining area, which has the characteristics of high-frequency monitoring and wide monitoring range. The technical scheme comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and a remote sensing imaging sensor. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform is fixed to the ground of a mining area, the unmanned aerial vehicle platform at least comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle landing platform, and the upper end face of the unmanned aerial vehicle landing platform is horizontal. The rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle landing platform, and the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle has the capability of taking off and landing from the unmanned aerial vehicle landing platform. And the remote sensing imaging sensor is fixed at the lower end of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and the remote sensing imaging sensor is also electrically connected with the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of soil monitoring and relates to a soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] Mining areas, due to their rich resources, often contain multiple or large mining sites. The mining process inevitably generates wastewater from slag removal and ore washing. Solid waste generated during mining may occupy land, and wastewater may be directly discharged into low-lying areas, causing soil pollution. In severe cases, pollutants may seep into groundwater, potentially contaminating drinking water and directly impacting residents' health.

[0003] Mining areas are typically far from towns and cities, making it difficult for environmental protection personnel to conduct frequent inspections and monitoring. Currently, some soil sampling or monitoring agencies operate in fixed areas, which can curb soil pollution to some extent. However, these agencies are often too rigid and have limited monitoring ranges. Consequently, mining areas may avoid monitoring by choosing unmonitored areas to dump solid waste or discharge wastewater. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned related technologies, this utility model proposes a soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas. It features high-frequency monitoring and a wide monitoring range.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, this utility model provides a soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas. The soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas includes: a drone platform, a rotary-wing drone, and a remote sensing imaging sensor. The drone platform is fixed to the ground in the mining area, and the drone platform includes at least a drone landing platform with its upper surface horizontal. The rotary-wing drone is mounted on the drone landing platform and has the ability to take off and land from the drone landing platform. The remote sensing imaging sensor is fixed to the lower end of the rotary-wing drone and is also electrically connected to the rotary-wing drone.

[0006] The drone platform further includes a first side plate, a housing, and an electric push rod. The first side plate is vertically fixed to the surface of the drone landing platform. The housing includes a top plate, two opposing second side plates, and a third side plate opposing the first side plate. The housing is slidably mounted on the drone landing platform and has a tendency to reciprocate along a first direction. The cylinder of the electric push rod is fixed to the lower end face of the drone landing platform, and the piston rod of the electric push rod is hinged to the housing. The electric push rod drives the housing to reciprocate along the first direction.

[0007] Preferably, the drone platform further includes: a controller, a first WiFi module, a first drone communication module, a 4G communication module, and a transmitting coil. The first WiFi module is fixed to the drone landing platform and is electrically connected to the controller. The first drone communication module is fixed to the drone landing platform and is electrically connected to the controller. The 4G communication module is fixed to the lower end face of the drone landing platform and is electrically connected to the controller. The transmitting coil is fixed to the inner side of the top plate of the housing.

[0008] Preferably, the rotary-wing UAV includes: a UAV body, a receiving coil, a second UAV communication module, a remote sensing imaging processor, and a second WiFi module. The receiving coil is fixed to the upper surface of the UAV body and is configured to receive electromagnetic energy and charge the UAV body. The second UAV communication module is fixed to the UAV body and electrically connected to the microprocessor of the UAV body. The remote sensing imaging processor is fixed to the UAV body and electrically connected to the remote sensing imaging sensor, and is also electrically connected to the microprocessor of the UAV body. The second WiFi module is electrically connected to the remote sensing imaging processor.

[0009] Preferably, the drone platform further includes a wind speed sensor and a rain sensor. The wind speed sensor is fixed to the drone platform and is electrically connected to the controller. The rain sensor is fixed to the drone platform and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] Preferably, the controller includes a processing chip and a processing chip. The processing chip includes an STM32MP157AAC3, which is electrically connected to the first WiFi module, the first UAV communication module, and the 4G communication module. The storage chip is electrically connected to the processing chip.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] This invention utilizes an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. After the rotary-wing UAV is equipped with the corresponding remote sensing imaging sensor, it can collect remote sensing images within a radius of 10 to 20 kilometers. This enables effective identification of soil pollution within the mining area. It features a wide monitoring range and high monitoring frequency, allowing for early detection and remediation of soil pollution, thereby achieving effective control of soil pollution.

[0013] This invention employs a first WiFi module and a second WiFi module, enabling high-speed transmission communication between the rotary-wing UAV and the UAV platform. This facilitates the rapid transmission of images acquired by the remote sensing imaging sensor to the UAV platform, allowing the UAV platform to analyze and process the data.

[0014] This utility model uses a 4G communication module, which makes it easy for the drone platform to submit soil pollution monitoring results to the higher-level monitoring center, enabling the higher-level monitoring center to promptly learn about the soil pollution situation in the mining subsidence area. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 For the present utility model Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0018] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a circuit structure diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, some embodiments of this utility model provide a soil pollution monitoring system for a mining area. The soil pollution monitoring system for the mining area includes: a drone platform 1, a rotary-wing drone 2, and a remote sensing imaging sensor 21. The drone platform 1 is fixed to the ground in the mining area, and the drone platform 1 includes at least a drone landing platform 11, the upper surface of which is horizontal. The rotary-wing drone 2 is mounted on the drone landing platform 11 and has the ability to take off and land from the drone landing platform 11. The remote sensing imaging sensor 21 is fixed to the lower end of the rotary-wing drone 2 and is also electrically connected to the rotary-wing drone 2.

[0024] The drone platform 1 further includes a first side plate 12, a housing 13, and an electric push rod 14. The first side plate 12 is vertically fixed to the surface of the drone landing platform 11. The housing 13 includes a top plate, two opposing second side plates, and a third side plate opposing the first side plate 12. The housing 13 is slidably mounted on the drone landing platform 11 and has a tendency to reciprocate along a first direction. The cylinder of the electric push rod 14 is fixed to the lower end face of the drone landing platform 11, and the piston rod of the electric push rod 14 is hinged to the housing 13. The electric push rod 14 drives the housing 13 to reciprocate along the first direction.

[0025] In some examples, the drone platform 1 may include a column and a drone landing platform 11. The column is vertically fixed to the ground, and the drone landing platform 11 may be a horizontal plate fixed to the upper end of the column. A first side plate 12 is fixed to one end of the drone landing platform 11. The first side plate 12 is a vertically arranged plate, and slide rails are provided on the side walls of the drone landing platform 11 on both sides of the first side plate 12.

[0026] An electric push rod 14 is fixed to the lower end face of the drone landing platform 11. The cylinder of the electric push rod 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the drone landing platform 11, and the electric push rod 14 is parallel to the slide rail.

[0027] The box body 13 includes a top plate, two second side plates, and a third side plate. The top plate is fixedly connected to the two second side plates and the third side plate at its lower part. Each of the two second side plates has a corresponding sliding groove, which is inserted into a slide rail, allowing the box body 13 to slide back and forth along the slide rail. The third side plate is a vertical plate, parallel to the first side plate 12, and the piston rod of the electric push rod 14 is hinged to the third side plate.

[0028] A remote sensing imaging sensor 21 is installed at the lower end of the rotary-wing drone 2. The remote sensing imaging sensor 21 can be, for example, infrared remote sensing imaging, visible light imaging, or electromagnetic remote sensing imaging. The rotary-wing drone 2 is placed on the drone landing platform 11. When the box 13 moves closer to the first side plate 12, the box 13, the first side plate 12, and the drone landing platform 11 form a sealed space, and the rotary-wing drone 2 is located in this sealed space.

[0029] When the box 13 moves away from the first side plate 12, the area above the drone landing platform 11 is open, and the rotor drone 2 can rise or fall, which makes it convenient for the rotor drone 2 to inspect the mining area or return to the drone landing platform 11 after the inspection.

[0030] The surface of the drone landing platform 11 needs to be equipped with positioning icons, such as a cross mark that contrasts sharply with the background color, so that the drone body 22 can determine whether the landing position is accurate before it descends (the drone body 22 has a built-in camera that can capture images below).

[0031] In some embodiments, the drone platform 1 further includes: a controller 15, a first WiFi module 16, a first drone communication module 17, a 4G communication module 18, and a transmitting coil 19. The first WiFi module 16 is fixed to the drone landing platform 11 and is electrically connected to the controller 15. The first drone communication module 17 is fixed to the drone landing platform 11 and is electrically connected to the controller 15. The 4G communication module 18 is fixed to the lower end face of the drone landing platform 11 and is electrically connected to the controller 15. The transmitting coil 19 is fixed to the inner side of the upper top plate of the housing 13.

[0032] The controller 15 includes a processing chip and a storage chip. The processing chip includes an STM32MP157AAC3, which is electrically connected to the first WiFi module 16, the first UAV communication module 17, and the 4G communication module 18. The storage chip is electrically connected to the processing chip.

[0033] The electric actuator 14 is electrically connected to the controller 15.

[0034] The rotary-wing drone 2 includes: a drone body 22, a receiving coil 23, a second drone communication module 24, a remote sensing imaging processor, and a second WiFi module 25. The receiving coil 23 is fixed to the upper surface of the drone body 22 and is configured to receive electromagnetic energy and charge the drone body 22. The second drone communication module 24 is fixed to the drone body 22 and electrically connected to the microprocessor of the drone body 22. The remote sensing imaging processor is fixed to the drone body 22 and electrically connected to the remote sensing imaging sensor 21, and is also electrically connected to the microprocessor of the drone body 22. The second WiFi module 25 is electrically connected to the remote sensing imaging processor.

[0035] In some examples, an electrical box is provided on the drone landing platform 11. The electrical box can be located on the side of the first side plate 12 near the box body 13, and the electrical box is fixedly connected to the first side plate 12 and the upper surface of the drone landing platform 11.

[0036] Both the controller 15 and the drone landing platform 11 are fixed inside an electrical box, which can be made of insulating plastic. The controller 15 includes a processing chip and a storage chip. The processing chip includes an STM32MP157AAC3, which is a dual-core Cortex-A7 processor that can process images and issue corresponding instructions according to the program.

[0037] In this application, the first UAV communication module 17 and the 4G communication module 18 are located below the UAV landing platform 11, which can protect them from wind and rain while not affecting long-distance communication.

[0038] The UAV platform 1 described in this application also includes a control motherboard, which includes: a regulated power supply circuit, at least two UART interface circuits, and at least two RS485 circuits. The regulated power supply circuit in this application includes: a buck circuit, a rectifier circuit, and a DC-DC voltage regulator circuit. The buck circuit, rectifier circuit, and DC-DC voltage regulator circuit are electrically connected in sequence. The buck circuit is electrically connected to the AC220V AC mains power. The buck circuit includes a transformer to step down the current output from the AC220V power supply to AC36V. The rectifier circuit rectifies the AC36V to output DC power, the DC voltage of which is lower than 24V. The DC-DC voltage regulator circuit stably outputs a DC5V current and is electrically connected to the electrical box, the first UAV communication module 17, and the 4G communication module 18. The control motherboard also includes a regulated power supply circuit for the processing chip. The regulated power supply circuit is a DC-DC circuit with an output voltage of DC1.2V.

[0039] At least two UART interface circuits and at least two RS485 circuits are electrically connected to the STM32MP157AAC3, and corresponding ports are set on the control motherboard to facilitate the electrical connection of the first WiFi module 16, the first UAV communication module 17 and the 4G communication module 18 to the STM32MP157AAC3.

[0040] The first WiFi module 16 and the second WiFi module 25 can be ESP32-WROVER. The first UAV communication module 17 and the second UAV communication module 24 are HT800-2W UAV communication modules. The 4G communication module 18 is an LTE Cat.1 wireless data transmission terminal F-M100. The first WiFi module 16 and the first UAV communication module 17 are electrically connected to the STM32MP157AAC3 via a UART interface, and the 4G communication module 18 is electrically connected to the STM32MP157AAC3 via an RS485 interface.

[0041] The controller 15 also includes an electromagnetic charging transmitter circuit 110, which is mounted on the control main board and electrically connected to the transmitter coil 19.

[0042] In this application, the UART interface circuit, RS485 circuit, and connection circuit with STM32MP157AAC3 are all prior art, as are the electromagnetic charging transmitter circuit 110 and the regulated power supply circuit. The above circuits will not be described in detail here.

[0043] A receiving coil 23 is fixed on the top wall of the drone body 22. The receiving coil 23 can be fixed inside the flexible plate and fits against the top wall of the drone body 22.

[0044] The receiving coil 23 is located at the top of the UAV body 22 and directly below the transmitting circuit. A magnetic shielding plate is also provided between the receiving coil 23 and the UAV body 22 to reduce the impact of electromagnetic fields on the UAV body 22, the second UAV communication module 24, the second WiFi module 25, and the remote sensing imaging sensor. In addition, to avoid affecting the rotor drive motor on the UAV body 22, a magnetic shielding shell can be provided on the outside of the upper rotor drive motor.

[0045] The drone body 22 is also equipped with a charging circuit 26, which is electrically connected to the receiving coil 23 and to the battery charging circuit 26 of the drone body 22. The second drone communication module 24, the remote sensing imaging sensor, and the second WiFi module 25 can all be mounted on the lower end of the drone body 22. It is understood that the second drone communication module 24 and the second WiFi module 25 must not obstruct the imaging below the remote sensing imaging sensor.

[0046] In addition, the charging circuit 26 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] The specific operational process of this application is as follows:

[0048] The drone body 22 can be an externally purchased quadcopter drone 2, equipped with a charging interface and a communication interface, to facilitate communication between the second drone communication module 24, the remote sensing imaging sensor, and the second WiFi module 25 and the drone body 22. The drone body 22 can be set to patrol a route in the mining area and conduct scheduled patrols daily. The remote sensing imaging sensor collects remote sensing images of the patrolled area of ​​the mining area and stores them in the drone body 22.

[0049] During patrol, the UAV body 22 can communicate with the UAV platform 1 via the second UAV communication module 24, so that the UAV platform 1 can monitor the status of the rotorcraft UAV 2 in real time and prevent the rotorcraft UAV 2 from flying off the predetermined route or getting lost. Alternatively, it can facilitate the upper-level control center 3 to relay and control the rotorcraft UAV 2 through the UAV platform 1.

[0050] After completing its patrol, the rotorcraft drone 2 returns to the drone platform 1 and lands on the drone landing platform 11. The drone body 22 stops operating. The rotorcraft drone 2 sends a signal indicating that the return is complete and the battery level is charged to the drone platform 1 through the second drone communication module 24. The control electric push rod 14 of the drone platform 1 pushes the box 13 toward the first side plate 12 to complete the closure of the first side plate 12 and the box 13.

[0051] Based on the battery level of the drone body 22, the electromagnetic charging transmitter circuit 110 is activated to charge the drone body 22. During the charging process, the second drone communication module 24 and the second WiFi module 25 stop sending signals outward.

[0052] Once the drone body 22 has finished charging, it can send remote sensing images collected by the remote sensing imaging sensor to the drone platform 1 via the second WiFi module 25. The processing chip stores the remote sensing images in the storage chip. After receiving and storing all remote sensing image data, the processing chip analyzes and processes the images. Specifically, it compares the remote sensing images with the initial images to determine whether there is any situation where ore or slag occupies the land, or whether sewage or rainwater (carrying minerals) pollutes the land. For example, coal occupies non-industrial land, or sewage pollutes the surface of non-industrial land.

[0053] When the difference between the remote sensing image and the initial image exceeds a threshold, the processing chip sends a signal to the upper-level control center 3 via the 4G communication module 18 and sends the corresponding remote sensing image.

[0054] When the rotor drone 2 needs to patrol, the controller 15 controls the housing 13 to push away from the first side plate 12 to make room for the rotor drone 2 to rise. During the patrol, the housing 13 remains stationary.

[0055] In addition, the drone platform 1 also includes a wind speed sensor and a rain sensor. The wind speed sensor is fixed to the drone platform 1 and is electrically connected to the controller 15. The rain sensor is fixed to the drone platform 1 and is electrically connected to the controller 15.

[0056] Wind speed and rain sensors can collect weather information, and the rotorcraft drone 2 will stop operating when the wind is too strong or it is raining.

[0057] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0058] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas, characterized in that, include: A drone platform, which is fixed to the ground in the mining area, includes at least a drone landing platform, the upper surface of which is horizontal. A rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), wherein the rotary-wing UAV is mounted on the UAV landing platform and has the ability to take off and land from the UAV landing platform; A remote sensing imaging sensor is fixed to the lower end of the rotary-wing UAV and is also electrically connected to the rotary-wing UAV. The drone platform also includes: The first side plate is vertically fixed to the surface of the UAV landing platform; The box body includes a top plate, two opposing second side plates, and a third side plate opposing the first side plate. The box body is slidably disposed on the UAV landing platform and has a tendency to reciprocate along a first direction. An electric push rod is provided, wherein the cylinder of the electric push rod is fixed to the lower end face of the UAV landing platform, the piston rod of the electric push rod is hinged to the housing, and the electric push rod drives the housing to reciprocate along a first direction.

2. The soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone platform also includes: Controller; A first WiFi module is fixed to the UAV landing platform and is electrically connected to the controller. A first UAV communication module is fixed to the UAV landing platform and is electrically connected to the controller. A 4G communication module is fixed to the lower end face of the UAV landing platform and is electrically connected to the controller. A transmitting coil is fixed to the inside of the top plate of the housing.

3. The soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle includes: The drone itself; A receiving coil is fixed to the upper surface of the drone body and is configured to receive electromagnetic energy and charge the drone body. The second UAV communication module is fixed to the UAV body and electrically connected to the microprocessor of the UAV body. A remote sensing imaging processor is fixed to the UAV body and electrically connected to the remote sensing imaging sensor. The remote sensing imaging processor is also electrically connected to the microprocessor of the UAV body. The second WiFi module is electrically connected to the remote sensing imaging processor.

4. The soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drone platform also includes: A wind speed sensor is fixed to the UAV platform and is electrically connected to the controller. A rain sensor is fixed to the UAV platform and is electrically connected to the controller.

5. The soil pollution monitoring system for mining areas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controller includes: The processing chip includes an STM32MP157AAC3, which is electrically connected to the first WiFi module, the first UAV communication module, and the 4G communication module. A storage chip, which is electrically connected to the processing chip.

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