Radio frequency power combiner
By using a combination of a 1:1 balun, a compensation capacitor, and an isolation resistor in the RF power synthesizer, the problems of large size, low efficiency, narrow bandwidth, and high loss of synthesizers in wideband and high-power applications in the prior art are solved, and efficient and stable signal synthesis is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423269175.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing radio frequency power combining technologies suffer from problems such as large synthesizer size, low efficiency, narrow bandwidth, high loss, and heat generation in wide-bandwidth and high-power applications, which cannot meet experimental requirements.
A combination of multiple 1:1 baluns, compensation capacitors, and isolation resistors is used. An RF power combiner consisting of a ferrite core and a 50Ω coaxial cable is employed to cover the LF to VHF frequency bands. Signal synthesis is performed in a two-series-two-parallel manner, and impedance is converted through an adapter to improve efficiency.
It achieves efficient signal synthesis over a wide bandwidth, reduces losses, improves the stability and consistency of the synthesizer, and ensures balanced signal transmission.
Smart Images
Figure CN223828697U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of radio frequency power combiner technology, and in particular to a radio frequency power combiner. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of China's semiconductor industry, the application scope of radio frequency (RF) power supplies is constantly expanding, especially with the increasing demand for specialized equipment. Currently, the frequency of RF power supply equipment is generally concentrated around 13.56MHz, but with the diversification of experimental needs, many laboratories are beginning to require RF power supplies with wider bandwidths, covering the frequency range from the LF band to the VHF band. However, existing traditional power combining techniques face many technical challenges in meeting such wide bandwidth requirements.
[0003] Specifically, existing power combining technologies have shortcomings in the following aspects:
[0004] (1) Limitations of power combining: Traditional power combining techniques are mostly only suitable for combining low-power signals or combining pulse-modulated radio frequency signals. In high-power or continuous wave combining applications, problems such as excessively large synthesizer size and low efficiency often occur. For example, although microstrip line combining is effective in low-power applications, it suffers from significant power loss in high-power applications, making it difficult to meet high-power requirements.
[0005] (2) Narrow bandwidth and inability to cover a wide frequency range: Existing synthesis techniques, such as the fixed-frequency Wilkinson synthesizer, have a narrow frequency range and cannot cover the wide frequency range from LF to VHF bands, which limits their applicability in broadband applications.
[0006] (3) Problems with transformer impedance transformation synthesizers: Although some power synthesizers that use transformers for impedance transformation can achieve power synthesis in certain frequency bands, they have disadvantages such as narrow bandwidth, large loss in high frequency bands, and easy heating of ferrite magnetic materials in the impedance transformation section. This makes it difficult for them to meet the performance requirements in wide-bandwidth, high-power applications.
[0007] Therefore, existing power combining technologies face technical challenges in production and experimentation, making them unable to effectively meet the demands of RF power supplies in wide-bandwidth, high-power applications. To address these issues, this application proposes a unique power combining technology that can adapt to combining multiple RF signals, cover a wider frequency range, reduce losses during the combining process, lower heat generation, and improve the volumetric efficiency and consistency of the power combiner. Utility Model Content
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a radio frequency power combiner to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an RF power combiner, comprising multiple 1:1 baluns, isolation resistors and compensation capacitors, characterized in that: each 1:1 balun is composed of a ferrite magnetic ring and a 50Ω coaxial cable, used to combine four in-phase, equal-power RF signals, without the need for step-up or step-down impedance, covering the LF to VHF frequency bands.
[0010] According to the above technical solution, the radio frequency power combiner has 8 1:1 baluns, 4 compensation capacitors, and 3 isolation resistors.
[0011] According to the above technical solution, the 1:1 balun includes two ferrite magnetic rings of different materials, wherein T1 is made of metal magnetic powder core material and is suitable for LF and MF frequency bands, and T2 is made of soft magnetic ferrite material and is suitable for HF frequency band.
[0012] According to the above technical solution, the four signals are combined in a two-series-two-parallel manner. The impedance of each signal is first converted from 50Ω to 100Ω, and then converted back to 50Ω through an adapter.
[0013] According to the above technical solution, the compensation capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 are used to cancel the distributed parameters in the circuit, thereby reducing circuit losses and improving flatness, and expanding the bandwidth range of the synthesizer.
[0014] According to the above technical solution, the isolation resistors R1, R2, and R3 are used to protect the circuit and absorb excess power when the signal is abnormal, so as to avoid damaging other signal paths.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows: This utility model solves the problems of narrow bandwidth and limited frequency range of existing power synthesizers by setting a 1:1 balun to cover the LF to VHF frequency bands, enabling it to meet a wider range of application needs. Moreover, the use of distributed compensation capacitors and isolation resistors improves the stability of the circuit and effectively reduces loss fluctuations under high power input and frequency changes, ensuring the consistency of the system during long-term operation. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and circuit connection of a radio frequency power synthesizer proposed in this utility model.
[0018] In the picture:
[0019] a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, d2 are 1:1 Baron;
[0020] C1, C2, C3, and C4 are compensation capacitors;
[0021] R1, R2, and R3 are isolation resistors;
[0022] Po is the power port for the output signal;
[0023] T1 and T2 are magnetic rings made of different materials;
[0024] Pi1, Pi2, Pi3, and Pi4 are signal input terminals;
[0025] V1, V2, V3, and V4 are voltage nodes. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0027] Example:
[0028] Reference Figure 1 A radio frequency power combiner includes a 1:1 balun, an isolation resistor, and a compensation capacitor. The 1:1 balun (including a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, and d2) consists of a ferrite core and a 50Ω coaxial cable as the transmission element. Each 1:1 balun contains one ferrite core and a set of coaxial cables to ensure its performance requirements are met in the LF (low frequency), MF (medium frequency), and HF (high frequency) bands.
[0029] During operation, the 1:1 balun combines four in-phase, equal-power RF signals without the need for impedance boosting or jacking. The 1:1 balun uses two different ferrite cores, T1 and T2. T1 is made of metal powder core material, suitable for low-frequency bands LF and MF, and can meet the minimum inductance requirements. T2 is made of soft magnetic ferrite material, suitable for high-frequency band HF, and can meet the inductance requirements of high-frequency bands.
[0030] The four signals are fed into a 1:1 balun via a two-series and two-parallel configuration for power combining, ultimately synthesizing a single high-efficiency output signal. During this process, the impedance of each signal is converted to 100Ω and then converted back to 50Ω via an adapter, thus avoiding the losses in the traditional impedance boosting process and improving the efficiency of the synthesizer.
[0031] Compensating capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 are used to cancel out distributed parameters in the circuit, especially in the VHF band, to reduce losses caused by imperfect distributed inductance and capacitance in the circuit, and to improve the flatness of the synthesizer.
[0032] Isolation resistors R1, R2, and R3 are used to protect the normal operation of the circuit and prevent abnormal input signals (such as high-power reflections or distorted signals) from damaging other parts of the circuit. When an abnormality occurs in one of the four input signals, the isolation resistors can absorb some of the excess power, preventing other signal paths from being affected.
[0033] After 1:1 balun synthesis, the power and impedance of the four signals are precisely matched and output to the load. Through two-stage signal matching (first converting the impedance of each pair of signals from 50Ω to 100Ω using a 1:1 balun, then converting it back to 50Ω using a second-stage matching), stable signal transmission and matching are ensured. Ultimately, the output signal power remains balanced and stable, avoiding frequency response distortion and improving the synthesizer's efficiency and bandwidth.
[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A radio frequency power combiner, comprising multiple 1:1 baluns, isolation resistors, and compensation capacitors, characterized in that: Each 1:1 balun consists of a ferrite core and a 50Ω coaxial cable, used to combine four in-phase, equal-power radio frequency signals without the need for impedance boosting or bucking.
2. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency power combiner has 8 1:1 baluns, 4 compensation capacitors, and 3 isolation resistors.
3. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 1:1 balun includes two ferrite magnetic rings, T1 and T2, made of different materials. T1 is made of metal magnetic powder core material and is suitable for LF and MF frequency bands, while T2 is made of soft magnetic ferrite material and is suitable for HF frequency band.
4. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four signals are combined in a two-series-two-parallel manner. The impedance of each signal is first converted from 50Ω to 100Ω, and then converted back to 50Ω through an adapter.
5. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 are used to offset the distributed parameters in the circuit, thereby reducing circuit losses and improving flatness, and extending the bandwidth range of the synthesizer.
6. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation resistors R1, R2, and R3 are used to protect the circuit and absorb excess power when the signal is abnormal.