Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna and electronic equipment, belongs to the technical field of antennas, and can solve the problem of poor isolation between two adjacent oscillators of an existing antenna. The antenna disclosed by the utility model comprises a first substrate and a plurality of oscillators arranged on the first substrate, the plurality of oscillators are divided into a plurality of antenna units which are arranged side by side along a first direction, and each antenna unit comprises a plurality of oscillators which are arranged side by side along a second direction; the antenna further comprises a first metasurface structure which is arranged on the first substrate and located between the two adjacent antenna units. The plane where the first metasurface structure is located intersects with the plane where the first substrate is located. Compared with the prior art, the antenna disclosed by the utility model can effectively improve the isolation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Base stations play a crucial role in the construction of mobile communication networks, and for base stations, the antenna is the core component for signal transmission and reception. With the development of communication technology, users have increasingly higher requirements for communication quality and signal capacity. Therefore, base station antennas with advantages such as multi-channel operation, high gain, and wide scanning angle have become a research focus in related fields.

[0003] Currently, array antennas are commonly used in 5G base stations to increase the transmission and reception capacity of communication systems. Array antennas, also known as multiple transmit / receive antennas, typically consist of multiple elements arranged in an array on a substrate. They are widely used due to their advantages such as high gain, high directivity, wide bandwidth, wide coverage, and high flexibility.

[0004] However, increasing the number of elements can easily affect the isolation of the array antenna. The isolation of an array antenna refers to the degree of mutual interference between adjacent elements, physically defined as the ratio of the signal power transmitted by one element to the signal power received by its neighboring elements. The quality of isolation directly affects the performance of the array antenna. Poor isolation between adjacent elements can lead to the following problems: For example, poor isolation means severe mutual interference between elements, which can easily affect the quality of signal reception and transmission, resulting in reduced signal strength, decreased signal-to-noise ratio, or even signal distortion. Another example is crosstalk or cross-coupling. Crosstalk refers to the phenomenon where the signal of one element is received by its neighboring element, while cross-coupling refers to the phenomenon where the signal of one element is received by its non-neighboring element. Both crosstalk and cross-coupling can cause the array antenna to receive or process incorrect signals, affecting communication quality. Finally, poor isolation can lead to inaccurate signal radiation direction of the elements, thus reducing the directivity and gain of the array antenna. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. On the one hand, it provides an antenna, including: a first substrate and a plurality of vibrators disposed on the first substrate; the plurality of vibrators are divided into a plurality of antenna elements arranged side by side along a first direction, and the antenna element includes a plurality of vibrators arranged side by side along a second direction; wherein, the antenna further includes a first metasurface structure disposed on the first substrate and located between two adjacent antenna elements; the plane of the first metasurface structure intersects the plane of the first substrate.

[0006] In some examples, the first metasurface structure includes a first dielectric substrate and a plurality of first metasurface units disposed on at least one surface of the first dielectric substrate along its thickness direction.

[0007] In some examples, the first metasurface unit includes four conductive portions; the four conductive portions include a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, a third conductive portion, and a fourth conductive portion arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction; the first conductive portion and the third conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°, and the second conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°; each conductive portion includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion surrounding the first connecting portion; the first connecting portion is an open ring structure having a first end and a second end; the second connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment that are disconnected; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; the first end and the third end are connected by a first connecting electrode, and the second end and the fifth end are connected by a second connecting electrode; and the fourth end of the first conductive portion is connected to the fourth end of the second conductive portion, and the sixth end of the first conductive portion is connected to the sixth end of the fourth conductive portion.

[0008] In some examples, the first metasurface unit is a square with a side length of 0.1λ-0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna operating frequency.

[0009] In some examples, the first metasurface unit includes four conductive portions; the four conductive portions include a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, a third conductive portion, and a fourth conductive portion arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction; the first conductive portion and the third conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°, and the second conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°; each conductive portion includes N sequentially nested connecting portions, where N is a positive integer not less than 3; the N connecting portions are, from the inside to the outside, the j-th connecting portion, j = 1, 2, ..., N; when j = 1, the j-th connecting portion is an open ring structure, having a first end and a second end; when j = 2, 3, ..., N, the j-th connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; the first end of the first connecting portion and the third end of the second connecting portion are connected. The second end and the fifth end of the second connecting part are connected; when j = 2, 3, ..., N-1 and j is odd, the third end of the j-th connecting part and the third end of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected, and the fifth end of the j-th connecting part and the fifth end of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected; when j = 2, 3, ..., N-1 and j is even, the fourth end of the j-th connecting part and the fourth end of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected, and the sixth end of the j-th connecting part and the sixth end of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected; when N is even, the fourth end of the N-th connecting part of the first conductive part and the fourth end of the N-th connecting part of the second conductive part are connected, and the sixth end of the N-th connecting part of the first conductive part and the sixth end of the N-th connecting part of the fourth conductive part are connected; when N is odd, the third end of the N-th connecting part of the first conductive part and the third end of the N-th connecting part of the second conductive part are connected, and the fifth end of the N-th connecting part of the first conductive part and the fifth end of the N-th connecting part of the fourth conductive part are connected.

[0010] In some examples, the first metasurface unit is a square with a side length of 0.03λ-0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna operating frequency.

[0011] In some examples, the first metasurface unit includes: a conductive patch comprising a first electrode extending along a third direction and a second electrode extending along a fourth direction, the third and fourth directions being perpendicular to each other, the intersection of the first and second electrodes coinciding with the center of the first metasurface unit; and four conductive portions, including a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, a third conductive portion, and a fourth conductive portion respectively located in four quadrants defined by the intersection of the first and second electrodes; the first and fourth conductive portions are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°, and the second and third conductive portions are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit. The conductive portion is symmetrical about 180° rotation from its center; one of the conductive portions includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion surrounded by the first connecting portion; the first connecting portion is an open ring structure having a first end and a second end; the second connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment that are disconnected; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; the third end is connected to the first end through a third electrode, and the fifth end is connected to the second end through a fourth electrode; and the conductive portion is symmetrical about a first straight line, which is the straight line between the opening center of the open ring structure and the center of the conductive portion.

[0012] In some examples, the first metasurface unit is a square with a side length of 0.1λ-0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna operating frequency.

[0013] In some examples, the first metasurface unit includes: a conductive patch comprising a first electrode extending along a third direction and a second electrode extending along a fourth direction, the third and fourth directions being perpendicular to each other, the intersection of the first and second electrodes coinciding with the center of the first metasurface unit; and four conductive portions, including a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, a third conductive portion, and a fourth conductive portion respectively located in four quadrants defined by the intersection of the first and second electrodes; the first and fourth conductive portions are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°, and the second and third conductive portions are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°. The conductive portion is 80° symmetrical; it includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion surrounded by the first connecting portion; the first connecting portion is an open ring structure having a first end and a second end; the second connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; the fourth end and the sixth end are connected; the third end is connected to the first end through a third electrode, and the fifth end is connected to the second end through a fourth electrode; and the conductive portion is symmetrical about a first straight line, which is the straight line between the center of the opening of the open ring structure and the center of the conductive portion.

[0014] In some examples, the first metasurface unit is a square with a side length of 0.05λ-0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna operating frequency.

[0015] In some examples, a first metasurface structure is provided on both sides of the first substrate along the second direction.

[0016] In some examples, a second metasurface structure is also included; the second metasurface structure is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the oscillator, and the orthographic projection of the second metasurface structure on the first substrate at least covers the orthographic projection of the plurality of oscillators on the first substrate.

[0017] In some examples, the oscillator includes a radiating structure, a signal electrode, a feeding structure, and a reference electrode; the radiating structure, the signal electrode, and the feeding structure are disposed on the same side of the first substrate, and the radiating structure and the feeding structure are connected through the signal electrode; the reference electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate opposite to the radiating structure.

[0018] In some examples, an RF backplane is also included on the side of the first substrate facing away from the oscillator, and a feeding structure is disposed on the RF backplane; the oscillator includes: a second substrate having a first surface and a second surface, the second surface being closer to the first substrate; a radiating structure disposed on the first surface side; and a reference electrode disposed on the second surface side; the radiating structure includes a radiating body, a feeding plate, and a supporting portion; a first end of the supporting portion is connected to the radiating body, and a second end is fixed to the second substrate; the feeding plate is disposed in the receiving space formed by the supporting portion, and includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, the first end of the feeding plate being connected to the radiating body, and the second end being connected to the feeding structure.

[0019] In some examples, the oscillator further includes a parasitic radiating portion support and a parasitic radiating portion located on the side of the radiating structure opposite to the first substrate; the parasitic radiating portion support is located between the radiating structure and the parasitic radiating portion.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention provides an electronic device that includes the antenna described in any of the above examples. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The antenna shown is a local front view.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first metasurface structure.

[0024] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the first pattern for the first metasurface unit.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The image shows a simulated S-curve of the antenna without the first metasurface structure.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The simulation diagram of the magnetic permeability and electromagnetic response of the first metasurface structure is shown.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 4 The antenna shown is loaded with Figure 5 The simulation diagram of the S-curve of the first metasurface structure is shown.

[0029] Figure 9This is the second pattern for the first metasurface unit.

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 4 The antenna shown is loaded with Figure 9 The simulation diagram of the S-curve of the first metasurface structure is shown.

[0031] Figure 11 This is the third pattern for the first metasurface unit.

[0032] Figure 12 This is the fourth pattern for the first metasurface unit.

[0033] Figure 13 This is the fifth pattern for the first metasurface unit.

[0034] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 15 This is yet another schematic diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 16 This is a front view of an exemplary oscillator.

[0037] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Top view of the oscillator shown. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0040] As used herein, “parallel” and “perpendicular” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°.

[0041] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0042] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. Thus, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0043] For array antennas, isolation is an indicator that directly reflects the degree of signal interference between different elements, and the quality of isolation directly affects the overall performance of the array antenna. In other words, improving the isolation of an array antenna can reduce the degree of signal interference between different elements, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the array antenna. Specifically, when the isolation of an array antenna is good, it means that the mutual interference between different elements is weak. At this time, firstly, it can effectively prevent crosstalk and cross-coupling of signals, thereby improving the signal reception and transmission quality; secondly, it can reduce signal interference and noise, improve the performance and stability of the communication system, and reduce communication interruptions and bit error rates; thirdly, an array antenna with good isolation can more accurately control the radiation direction and gain of the signal, thereby improving the directivity and gain of the communication system; fourthly, by improving the isolation of the array antenna, unnecessary interference and noise in the communication system can be reduced, simplifying the design and debugging process of the array antenna and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0044] In related technologies, there are already some ways to improve the isolation of array antennas, such as increasing the spatial distance between two adjacent elements, reducing surface wave coupling, not sharing ground electrodes among the elements, and using surface filtering design. The following section specifically introduces several common technical solutions for improving the isolation of array antennas and their respective drawbacks. One technical solution is to improve the isolation between two adjacent elements by rationally setting the position of each element and increasing the spacing between adjacent elements during the design of the array antenna. This technical solution is considered an effective way to improve the isolation of array antennas. However, increasing the spacing between two adjacent elements inevitably leads to an increase in the overall area of ​​the array antenna, therefore this solution cannot be applied in space-constrained scenarios. The second technical solution involves placing an isolation plate, reflector, or other type of isolation device between two adjacent elements. The isolation plate typically includes a dielectric substrate and isolation layers disposed on both surfaces of the substrate. These isolation layers are often made of metal. While the isolation plate can reduce signal interference between two adjacent elements to some extent, its improvement effect is still insufficient. Reflectors or isolators, although effective in reducing mutual interference between elements, often increase the complexity and cost of the array antenna, and the power consumption and stability of these devices also affect the overall performance of the array antenna. The third technical solution uses signal processing devices, such as filters, to process the signals received by the elements to reduce signal interference from other elements. However, this solution often requires increased hardware complexity and more algorithmic support, which may increase the computational and power consumption costs of the communication system.

[0045] Electromagnetic meta-surfaces are artificially designed materials with special electromagnetic properties, typically composed of tiny structural units much smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves. By rationally designing the shape, arrangement, and size of these structural units, a high degree of control and regulation of electromagnetic wave reflection, transmission, and absorption can be achieved, enabling various applications. To date, electromagnetic meta-surfaces have been widely used in many aspects of the electromagnetic field, such as improving antenna gain, suppressing synchronous switching noise in circuits, and increasing antenna impedance bandwidth. In addition, electromagnetic meta-surfaces also improve antenna isolation. The inventors discovered that by rationally setting the structure, size, and placement parameters of the electromagnetic meta-surface, antenna isolation can be effectively improved.

[0046] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, in one aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an antenna. Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first metasurface structure. Figures 1-2 As shown, the antenna provided in this disclosure includes a first substrate 1 and a plurality of vibrators 2 disposed on the first substrate 1. The plurality of vibrators 2 are divided into a plurality of antenna elements 10 arranged side-by-side along a first direction (or the X direction). Each antenna element 10 includes a plurality of vibrators 3 arranged side-by-side along a second direction (or the Y direction). In addition, the antenna provided in this embodiment of the disclosure further includes a first metasurface structure 3 disposed on the first substrate 1 and located between two adjacent antenna elements 10, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The plane containing the first metasurface structure 3 intersects with the plane containing the first substrate 1. Preferably, the plane containing the first metasurface structure 3 and the plane containing the first substrate 1 are perpendicular to each other.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 Specifically, the first metasurface structure 3 includes a first dielectric substrate 301 and a plurality of first metasurface units 4 disposed on at least one surface of the first dielectric substrate 301 along its thickness direction, wherein the plurality of first metasurface units 4 are arranged in an array. In some preferred embodiments, a plurality of first metasurface units 4 are disposed on both surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 301 along its thickness direction.

[0048] The antenna provided in this disclosure, by setting a first metasurface structure 3 between two adjacent antenna elements 10, can achieve at least the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art: On the one hand, setting a first metasurface structure 3 between two adjacent antenna elements 10 can effectively improve the isolation between two adjacent vibrators 2, thereby reducing signal interference between the two adjacent vibrators 2 and improving the overall performance of the antenna; on the other hand, when multiple first metasurface elements 4 are set on both surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 301 of the first metasurface structure 3 along its thickness direction, the opposing first metasurface elements 4 on the two surfaces can form a capacitor, which can better isolate the signal interference between the two elements. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the adjacent vibrator 2 are isolated, that is, the isolation between two adjacent vibrators 2 is further improved. In addition, when the first metasurface structure 3 has multiple first metasurface units 4 on only one surface of the first dielectric substrate 301 along its thickness direction, it is very likely that the operating frequency of the first metasurface structure 3 will not be within the antenna bandwidth. Therefore, when multiple first metasurface units 4 are provided on both surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 301 along its thickness direction, the operating bandwidth of the first metasurface structure 3 can be widened, so that it works within the antenna bandwidth, thereby improving the working performance of the first metasurface structure 3 and enabling it to work better with the antenna.

[0049] It should be noted that, Figure 1The example described herein is an antenna comprising multiple antenna elements 10, with each antenna element 10 comprising five elements 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that in some examples, each antenna element 10 may comprise only one element 2. The following description uses an antenna comprising two antenna elements 10, with each antenna element 10 comprising only one element 2 (i.e., the antenna comprising only two elements 2) as an example to illustrate the first metasurface structure 3 provided in this disclosure and its beneficial effects.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another antenna provided in this disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the antenna includes a first substrate 1 and two vibrators 2 disposed on the first substrate 1. A first metasurface structure 3 is disposed between the two vibrators 2, and the plane of the first metasurface structure 3 is perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1. Specifically, the first metasurface structure 3 includes a first dielectric substrate 301 and a plurality of first metasurface units 4 disposed on at least one surface side of the first dielectric substrate 301 along its thickness direction, wherein the plurality of first metasurface units 4 are arranged in an array.

[0051] For example, Figure 4 The antenna shown operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz, and the spacing between the two elements 2 is approximately 0.45λ to 0.5λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency. In some examples, the elements 2 include... Figure 3 The diagram shows a radiating structure 21, a signal electrode 23, a feeding structure 22, and a reference electrode 24. The radiating structure 21 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 22 via the signal electrode 23, and all three are disposed on the same side of the first substrate 1. The reference electrode 24 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 1 opposite to the radiating structure 21. For example, the radiating structure 21 can be a rectangular radiating patch, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in practical applications, the radiating structure 21 can also be a radiating patch of other shapes, such as an inverted trapezoid. This is just an illustration and does not mean that the type or shape of the radiating structure 21 is limited.

[0052] Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 These are five optional patterns for the first metasurface unit 4 provided in this disclosure. The following is a detailed introduction to these five patterns and their impact on antenna isolation.

[0053] The first pattern is as follows Figure 5As shown, specifically, the first metasurface unit 4 includes four conductive portions, namely a first conductive portion 401, a second conductive portion 402, a third conductive portion 403, and a fourth conductive portion 404 arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction. The first conductive portion 401 and the third conductive portion 403 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°, and the second conductive portion 402 and the fourth conductive portion 404 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°. More specifically, one conductive portion (e.g.) Figure 5 The first conductive portion 401 shown includes a first connecting portion L1 and a second connecting portion L2 surrounding the first connecting portion L1. The first connecting portion L1 is an open ring structure with a first end D1 and a second end D2. The second connecting portion L2 includes a first connecting segment L21 and a second connecting segment L22 that are disconnected. The first connecting segment L21 has a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, and the second connecting segment L22 has a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6. The first end D1 and the third end D3 are connected by a first connecting electrode C1, and the second end D2 and the fifth end D5 are connected by a second connecting electrode C2. Furthermore, the fourth end D4 of the first conductive portion 401 and the fourth end D4 of the second conductive portion 402 are connected by a third connecting electrode C3, and the sixth end D6 of the first conductive portion 401 and the sixth end D6 of the fourth conductive portion 404 are connected by a fourth connecting electrode C4.

[0054] For example, when the first metasurface unit 4 is a first pattern, the first metasurface unit 4 can be a square with a side length of 0.1λ-0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna operating frequency. Furthermore, the first metasurface unit 4 can be made of a metal material such as copper, and the thickness of the layer it is located in can be 2μm-35μm. The number and arrangement of the first metasurface units 4 in the entire first metasurface structure 3 can be determined according to the specific structure of the oscillator 2. Figure 4 Taking the antenna shown as an example, the dimension d2 of the first metasurface structure 3 along the Y direction should not be less than the dimension d1 of the radiating structure 21 along the Y direction, and the height h2 of the first metasurface structure 3 should be greater than the plane in which the radiating structure 21 is located. As an optional example, the first metasurface structure 3 may include 2×6 first metasurface units 4, i.e., two rows and six columns. It can be understood that the direction of the row of the first metasurface unit 4 refers to... Figure 4 The Y-direction in the text refers to the direction in which the column is located. Figure 4 The Z direction in the equation.

[0055] It should be noted that the first dielectric substrate 301 can be a PCB board or a glass substrate. Since glass-based micro / nano fabrication technology is more mature than ordinary PCB board technology, preferably, the first dielectric substrate 301 is a glass substrate. In this case, the first metasurface unit 4 can be formed on the first dielectric substrate 301 using glass-based micro / nano fabrication technology. For example, the linewidth w1 of the open ring structure or any connecting segment (e.g., the first connecting segment L21), and the spacing w2 between two adjacent connecting portions (e.g., the first connecting portion L1 and the second connecting portion L2) can be 20μm-35μm.

[0056] To intuitively illustrate the beneficial effects of the technical solution disclosed herein, this article provides... Figure 4 The performance of the antenna shown was simulated with and without the first metasurface structure 3. Figure 6 As shown Figure 4 The diagram shows the S-parameter curves of the antenna without the first metasurface structure.

[0057] Figure 7 The electromagnetic response diagram of the magnetic permeability of the first metasurface structure 3 when the first metasurface unit 4 is the first pattern; Figure 8 As shown Figure 4 The diagram shows the S-parameter curves of an antenna with a first metasurface structure 3 and a first metasurface unit 4 in the first pattern.

[0058] Figure 6 The two curves in the image are respectively Figure 4 The return loss curve and isolation curve of the antenna without the first metasurface structure 3 are shown. Figure 6 The simulation results show that the antenna isolation is ≤-22.78dB when the first metasurface structure 3 is not set. Figure 7 The electromagnetic response of the first metasurface structure 3 to the magnetic permeability when the first metasurface unit 4 is the first pattern, from Figure 7 The simulation results show that the first metasurface structure 3 has negative permeability in the range of 2.4 GHz to 3 GHz, while the antenna operates in the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz. Therefore, the operating frequency band of the first metasurface structure 3 provided in this disclosure covers the operating frequency band of the antenna, which can ensure that the first metasurface structure 3 can work effectively with the antenna. Figure 8 The two curves are respectively Figure 4 The antenna shown has a return loss curve and an isolation curve when the first metasurface structure 3 is provided and the first metasurface unit 4 is a first pattern. Figure 8The simulation results show that after loading the first metasurface structure 3, the antenna isolation is ≤-28.39dB, which is 6.12dB higher than that without loading the first metasurface structure 3. It can be seen that by adding the first metasurface structure 3 between two adjacent vibrators 2, and when the first metasurface unit 4 of the first metasurface structure 3 is the first pattern, the antenna isolation can be effectively improved.

[0059] Figure 9 The second pattern of the first metasurface unit 4 provided in this disclosure; Figure 11 The third pattern of the first metasurface unit 4 provided in this disclosure; the second and third patterns both conform to the same rule. Therefore, before specifically describing the second and third patterns, the rule of these two patterns is first introduced. It can be understood that the first metasurface unit 4 that conforms to this rule is within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0060] The patterns of the second and third patterns can be summarized as follows. The first metasurface unit 4 includes four conductive parts, namely, a first conductive part 401, a second conductive part 402, a third conductive part 403, and a fourth conductive part 404 arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction. The first conductive part 401 and the third conductive part 403 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit 4 after rotating 180°, and the second conductive part 402 and the fourth conductive part 404 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit 4 after rotating 180°. Each conductive part includes N sequentially nested connecting parts, where N is a positive integer not less than 3; the N connecting parts, from the inside out, are the j-th connecting parts, j = 1, 2, ..., N. When j = 1, the j-th connecting part is an open-loop structure with a first end D1 and a second end D2; when j = 2, 3, ..., N, the j-th connecting part includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment, the first connecting segment having a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, and the second connecting segment having a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6. The first end D1 of the first connecting part and the third end D3 of the second connecting part are connected, and the second end D2 and the fifth end D5 of the second connecting part are connected. When j = 2, 3, ..., N-1, and j is an odd number, the third end D3 of the j-th connecting part and the third end D3 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected, and the fifth end D5 of the j-th connecting part and the fifth end D5 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected. When j = 2, 3, ..., N-1, and j is an even number, the fourth end D4 of the j-th connecting part and the fourth end D4 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected, and the sixth end D6 of the j-th connecting part and the sixth end D6 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected. Furthermore, when N is an even number, the fourth end D4 of the N-th connecting part of the first conductive part 401 and the fourth end D4 of the N-th connecting part of the second conductive part 402 are connected, and the sixth end D6 of the N-th connecting part of the first conductive part 401 and the sixth end D6 of the N-th connecting part of the fourth conductive part 404 are connected. When N is an odd number, the third end D3 of the Nth connection portion of the first conductive portion 401 and the third end D3 of the Nth connection portion of the second conductive portion 402 are connected, and the fifth end D5 of the Nth connection portion of the first conductive portion 401 and the fifth end D5 of the Nth connection portion of the fourth conductive portion 404 are connected.

[0061] Figure 9 The second pattern shown and Figure 11 The third type of pattern shown conforms to the above rules. In the second type of pattern, N = 4 (N is an even number), and in the third type of pattern, N = 7 (N is an odd number). The second type of pattern will be described in detail below, as well as when the first metasurface unit 4 is the second type of pattern. Figure 4 The simulation results of the antenna performance are shown.

[0062] The second pattern is as follows: Figure 9As shown, the first metasurface unit 4 includes four conductive parts, namely a first conductive part 401, a second conductive part 402, a third conductive part 403, and a fourth conductive part 404 arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction. The first conductive part 401 and the third conductive part 403 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit 4 by rotating 180°, and the second conductive part 402 and the fourth conductive part 404 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit 4 by rotating 180°. Each conductive part includes four sequentially nested connecting parts, which are the j-th connecting parts from the inside out, where j = 1, 2, 3, 4. The first connecting part L1 is an open ring structure with a first end D1 and a second end D2. The j-th connecting parts (when j = 2, 3, 4) all include a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment. The first connecting segment has a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6. The first end D1 of the first connecting part L1 is connected to the third end D3 of the second connecting part L2, and the second end D2 is connected to the fifth end D5 of the second connecting part L2. The fourth end D4 of the second connecting part L2 is connected to the fourth end D4 of the third connecting part L3, and the sixth end D6 of the second connecting part L2 is connected to the sixth end D6 of the third connecting part L3. The third end D3 of the third connecting part L3 is connected to the third end D3 of the fourth connecting part L4, and the fifth end D5 of the third connecting part L3 is connected to the fifth end D5 of the fourth connecting part L4. Furthermore, the fourth end D4 of the fourth connecting part L4 of the first conductive part 401 is connected to the fourth end D4 of the fourth connecting part L4 of the second conductive part 402, and the sixth end D6 of the fourth connecting part L4 of the first conductive part 401 is connected to the sixth end D6 of the fourth connecting part L4 of the fourth conductive part 404.

[0063] For example, when the first metasurface unit 4 has the second pattern, the first metasurface unit 4 can be a square with a side length of 0.05λ-0.1λ, that is, its size is reduced compared to the first metasurface unit 4 with the first pattern. In this case, the first metasurface structure 3 can include 4×12 first metasurface units 4, i.e., four rows and twelve columns. It can be understood that the direction of the row of the first metasurface unit 4 refers to... Figure 4 The Y-direction in the text refers to the direction in which the column is located. Figure 4 The Z direction in the equation.

[0064] Figure 10 When the second pattern is used for the first metasurface unit 4 Figure 4 The simulation results of the antenna performance are shown. Figure 10 The two curves in the image are the antenna's return loss curve and isolation curve, respectively. Figure 10 As can be seen, when Figure 4 The antenna shown is loaded with a first metasurface structure 3, and the first metasurface element 4 adopts... Figure 9 When the second pattern is shown, the antenna isolation is ≤-31.38dB. This is an improvement of 9.1dB compared to the antenna isolation of ≤-22.78dB without the first metasurface structure 3, and also an improvement of about 3dB compared to the antenna isolation of ≤-28.39dB when the first metasurface unit 4 uses the first pattern. It can be seen that the second pattern extends the current coupling path compared to the first pattern. Therefore, when the antenna is loaded with the first metasurface structure 3 and the first metasurface unit 4 uses the second pattern, the electromagnetic wave coupling between the two adjacent vibrators 2 can be further reduced, thereby further improving the antenna isolation.

[0065] The third type of pattern is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the first metasurface unit 4 includes four conductive parts, namely a first conductive part 401, a second conductive part 402, a third conductive part 403, and a fourth conductive part 404 arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction. The first conductive part 401 and the third conductive part 403 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit 4 rotated 180°, and the second conductive part 402 and the fourth conductive part 404 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit 4 rotated 180°. Each conductive part includes seven sequentially nested connecting parts, which are the j-th connecting parts from the inside out, j = 1, 2, ..., 7. The first connecting part L1 is an open ring structure with a first end D1 and a second end D2. The j-th connecting parts (when j = 2, 3, ..., 7) all include a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment. The first connecting segment has a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6. The first end D1 of the first connecting part L1 and the third end D3 of the second connecting part L2 are connected, and the second end D2 and the fifth end D5 of the second connecting part L2 are connected. When j = 2, 3, ..., 6, and j is an odd number, the third end D3 of the j-th connecting part and the third end D3 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected, and the fifth end D5 of the j-th connecting part and the fifth end D5 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected; when j = 2, 3, ..., 6, and j is an even number, the fourth end D4 of the j-th connecting part and the fourth end D4 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected, and the sixth end D6 of the j-th connecting part and the sixth end D6 of the (j+1)-th connecting part are connected. Furthermore, the third end D3 of the seventh connecting part of the first conductive part 401 and the third end D3 of the seventh connecting part of the second conductive part 402 are connected, and the fifth end D5 of the seventh connecting part of the first conductive part 401 and the fifth end D5 of the seventh connecting part of the fourth conductive part 404 are connected.

[0066] For example, when the first metasurface unit 4 is a third pattern, the first metasurface unit 4 can be a square with a side length of 0.03λ, that is, smaller in size than the first metasurface unit 4 with the second pattern. The linewidth w1 of the open ring structure or any connecting segment, and the spacing w2 between two adjacent connecting parts (e.g., the first connecting part L1 and the second connecting part L2) can be 20μm-40μm. In this case, the traditional PCB board manufacturing process is difficult to meet the manufacturing precision of the first metasurface unit 4. Therefore, the first dielectric substrate 301 can be a glass substrate, and the first metasurface unit 4 is formed on the glass substrate using glass-based processes, such as magnetron sputtering or electroplating.

[0067] The fourth pattern is as follows Figure 12 As shown, the first metasurface unit 4 includes a conductive patch and four conductive portions. Specifically, the conductive patch includes a first electrode E1 extending along a third direction and a second electrode E2 extending along a fourth direction, the third and fourth directions being perpendicular to each other, and the intersection of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 coinciding with the center of the first metasurface unit 4. The four conductive portions include a first conductive portion 401, a second conductive portion 402, a third conductive portion 403, and a fourth conductive portion 404, respectively located in the four quadrants defined by the intersection of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2; the first conductive portion 401 and the fourth conductive portion 403 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°, and the second conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit rotated 180°. Each conductive portion (e.g., the first conductive portion 401) includes a first connecting portion L1 and a second connecting portion L2 surrounded by the first connecting portion L1. The first connecting portion L1 is an open ring structure, having a first end D1 and a second end D2; the second connecting portion L2 includes a first connecting segment L21 and a second connecting segment L22 that are disconnected; the first connecting segment L21 has a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, and the second connecting segment L22 has a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6. The third end D3 is connected to the first end D1 via a third electrode E3, and the fifth end D5 is connected to the second end D2 via a fourth electrode E4; furthermore, the conductive portion is symmetrical about the first straight line S1, as shown in reference... Figure 12 The first straight line S1 is the straight line where the center of the opening of the open ring structure and the center of the conductive part are located.

[0068] For example, when the first metasurface unit 4 is the fourth pattern, the first metasurface unit 4 can be a square with a side length of 0.1λ-0.2λ. Compared with the first metasurface unit 4 of the aforementioned patterns, the first metasurface unit 4 of this example can also effectively improve the antenna isolation. In addition, it has the advantages of simple structure and simplified manufacturing process.

[0069] The fifth pattern is as follows Figure 13As shown, the first metasurface unit 4 includes a conductive patch and four conductive portions. Specifically, the conductive patch includes a first electrode E1 extending along a third direction and a second electrode E2 extending along a fourth direction, the third and fourth directions being perpendicular to each other, and the intersection of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 coinciding with the center of the first metasurface unit 4. The four conductive portions include a first conductive portion 401, a second conductive portion 402, a third conductive portion 403, and a fourth conductive portion 404, respectively located in the four quadrants defined by the intersection of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2; the first conductive portion 401 and the fourth conductive portion 403 are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°, and the second conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°. Each conductive portion (e.g., the first conductive portion 401) includes a first connecting portion L1 and a second connecting portion L2 surrounded by the first connecting portion L1. The first connecting portion L1 is an open-ring structure with a first end D1 and a second end D2. The second connecting portion L2 includes a first connecting segment L21 and a second connecting segment L22. The first connecting segment L21 has a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, and the second connecting segment L22 has a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6. The fourth end D4 and the sixth end D6 are connected together. The third end D3 is connected to the first end D1 through a third electrode E3, and the fifth end D5 is connected to the second end D2 through a fourth electrode E4. Furthermore, the conductive portion is symmetrical about a first straight line S1, which is the straight line between the center of the opening of the open-ring structure and the center of the conductive portion.

[0070] For example, when the first metasurface unit 4 is the fifth pattern, the first metasurface unit 4 can be a square with a side length of 0.05λ-0.1λ; the linewidth of the open ring structure or any connecting segment can be 20μm-50μm. Compared with the first metasurface unit 4 of the fourth pattern, the size of the first metasurface unit 4 in this example is reduced and the current coupling path is lengthened, thus further improving the isolation of the antenna.

[0071] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 4 In the antenna shown, each antenna element 10 includes only one vibrator 2. In this case, the length of the first metasurface structure 3 along the Y direction should be greater than the length of the radiating structure 21 along the Y direction. However, when the antenna element 10 includes multiple vibrators 2, the length of the first metasurface structure 3 along the Y direction should be greater than the sum of the lengths of the radiating structures 21 of the multiple vibrators 2 along the Y direction. Of course, the first metasurface structure 3 can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the vibrator 2, or the first metasurface structure 3 corresponding to some of the vibrators 2 in the antenna element 10 can be arranged as an integral structure. The specific arrangement can be determined according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0072] Furthermore, Figure 14This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in this disclosure. Figure 14 In the antenna shown, in addition to the first metasurface structure 3 being provided between two adjacent antenna elements 10, the first metasurface structure 3 can also be provided on both sides of the first substrate 1 along the second direction (Y direction). In this case, each antenna element 10 has the same boundary conditions, which can produce at least the following beneficial effects: Firstly, the same boundary conditions can ensure that each antenna element 10 has consistent radiation characteristics, which helps to achieve a stable and controllable radiation mode; secondly, the same boundary conditions can reduce the mutual influence between adjacent elements 2, improving the antenna isolation; and thirdly, the same boundary conditions can simplify the antenna design and debugging process, reducing debugging costs.

[0073] Furthermore, Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in this disclosure. Figure 15 The antenna shown, in addition to having a first metasurface structure 3 between two adjacent antenna elements 10, also has a second metasurface structure 8. This second metasurface structure 8 is located on the side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the vibrator 2, and its orthographic projection on the first substrate 1 at least covers the orthographic projections of multiple vibrators 2 on the first substrate 1. The second metasurface structure 8 includes a second dielectric substrate 801 and a first conductive layer 802 and a second metasurface element 803 disposed on two surfaces of the second dielectric substrate 801 along its thickness direction. In this case, the first conductive layer 802 is reused as a reference electrode 24. The pattern of the second metasurface element 803 can be the same as or different from that of the first metasurface element 4; this disclosure does not limit the pattern of the second metasurface element 803. This example, by providing the second metasurface structure 8 on the side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the vibrator 2, can effectively reduce the back radiation generated by the current on the reference electrode 24, thereby suppressing the antenna's reverse radiation capability and improving the antenna's front-to-back ratio.

[0074] It should be noted that this disclosure does not limit the type of the vibrator 2 in the antenna. For example, the vibrator 2 can be... Figure 4 The patch oscillator shown has a radiating structure 21 made of patch electrodes, or it can be a dipole oscillator, etc. Of course, the operating frequencies of each oscillator 2 can be the same or different. For example, all oscillators 2 can be high-frequency oscillators or all can be low-frequency oscillators, or some oscillators 2 can be high-frequency oscillators and other oscillators 2 can be low-frequency oscillators.

[0075] Figure 16 and Figure 17 Another exemplary structure for oscillator 2, wherein Figure 16 This is a front view of oscillator 2. Figure 17 This is a top view of oscillator 2. When using... Figure 16 and Figure 17When the vibrator is shown, the antenna also includes an RF backplate 9 disposed on the side of the first substrate 1 opposite to the vibrator 2, and the RF backplate 9 is provided with a feeding structure 22; as shown Figure 16 As shown, the oscillator 2 may include a second substrate 25, a radiating structure 21, and a reference electrode 24. The second substrate 25 has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, with the second surface closer to the first substrate 1. The radiating structure 21 is disposed on the first surface side, and the reference electrode 24 is disposed on the second surface side. Specifically, the radiating structure 21 includes a radiating main body 211, a feed plate 212, and a support portion 213. The first end of the support portion 213 is connected to the radiating main body 211, and the second end is fixed to the second substrate 25. The feed plate 212 is disposed in the receiving space formed by the support portion 213, and includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other. The first end of the feed plate 212 is connected to the radiating main body 211, and the second end is connected to the feed structure 22. Further, referring to… Figure 16 and Figure 17 The oscillator 2 also includes a parasitic radiating part support 27 and a parasitic radiating part 26 located on the side of the radiating structure 21 away from the first substrate 1. The parasitic radiating part support 27 is located between the radiating body part 211 and the parasitic radiating part 26. In this example, the oscillator 2 can effectively improve the antenna gain by adding a parasitic radiating part 26 to the side of the radiating body part 211 away from the first substrate 1.

[0076] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device that includes the antenna described in any of the above examples.

[0077] In some examples, the electronic device provided in this disclosure further includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the electronic device can function as either a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals, and transmits these signals to the radio frequency transceiver. After receiving the signal, the antenna in the electronic device can process it through the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and radio frequency transceiver before transmitting it to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0078] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these signals before sending them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.

[0079] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission by the electronic device, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. It combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out noise, and transmits the signals to the antenna, which then radiates the signal. During signal reception by the electronic device, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out noise from the received signal before transmitting it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and signal amplifier before being transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0080] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.

[0081] In some examples, the electronic device provided in this disclosure embodiment further includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier and providing the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.

[0082] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of this utility model, and the utility model is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising: A first substrate and a plurality of oscillators disposed on the first substrate; The plurality of vibrating elements are divided into a plurality of antenna elements arranged side by side along a first direction, and the antenna element includes a plurality of the vibrating elements arranged side by side along a second direction; wherein... The antenna further includes a first metasurface structure disposed on the first substrate and located between two adjacent antenna elements; the plane of the first metasurface structure intersects with the plane of the first substrate.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The first metasurface structure includes a first dielectric substrate and a plurality of first metasurface units disposed on at least one surface of the first dielectric substrate along its thickness direction.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The first metasurface unit includes four conductive parts; the four conductive parts include a first conductive part, a second conductive part, a third conductive part, and a fourth conductive part arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction; the first conductive part and the third conductive part are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°, and the second conductive part and the fourth conductive part are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°. One of the conductive portions includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion surrounding the first connecting portion; The first connecting part is an open ring structure, which has a first end and a second end; The second connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment that are disconnected; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; The first end and the third end are connected by a first connecting electrode, and the second end and the fifth end are connected by a second connecting electrode; Furthermore, the fourth end of the first conductive part is connected to the fourth end of the second conductive part, and the sixth end of the first conductive part is connected to the sixth end of the fourth conductive part.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein, The first metasurface unit is square with a side length of 0.1λ-0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency.

5. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The first metasurface unit includes four conductive parts; the four conductive parts include a first conductive part, a second conductive part, a third conductive part, and a fourth conductive part arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction; the first conductive part and the third conductive part are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°, and the second conductive part and the fourth conductive part are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°. A conductive part includes N interconnecting parts nested sequentially, where N is a positive integer not less than 3; the N interconnecting parts are the j-th interconnecting part from the inside out, j = 1, 2, ..., N; When j = 1, the j-th connecting part is an open ring structure, which has a first end and a second end; When j = 2, 3, ..., N, the j-th connecting part includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; The first end of the first connecting part of the N connecting parts is connected to the third end of the second connecting part of the N connecting parts, and the second end of the first connecting part of the N connecting parts is connected to the fifth end of the second connecting part of the N connecting parts; wherein, the first connecting part refers to the connecting part corresponding to j=1, and the second connecting part refers to the connecting part corresponding to j=2; When j = 2, 3, ..., N-1 and j is odd, the third end of the j-th connecting part is connected to the third end of the (j+1)-th connecting part, and the fifth end of the j-th connecting part is connected to the fifth end of the (j+1)-th connecting part; when j = 2, 3, ..., N-1 and j is even, the fourth end of the j-th connecting part is connected to the fourth end of the (j+1)-th connecting part, and the sixth end of the j-th connecting part is connected to the sixth end of the (j+1)-th connecting part. When N is an even number, the fourth end of the Nth connection of the first conductive part is connected to the fourth end of the Nth connection of the second conductive part, and the sixth end of the Nth connection of the first conductive part is connected to the sixth end of the Nth connection of the fourth conductive part. When N is an odd number, the third end of the Nth connection of the first conductive part is connected to the third end of the Nth connection of the second conductive part, and the fifth end of the Nth connection of the first conductive part is connected to the fifth end of the Nth connection of the fourth conductive part.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein, The first metasurface unit is square with a side length of 0.03λ-0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency.

7. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The first metasurface unit includes: A conductive patch includes a first electrode extending along a third direction and a second electrode extending along a fourth direction, the third direction and the fourth direction being perpendicular to each other, and the intersection of the first electrode and the second electrode coinciding with the center of the first metasurface unit. The four conductive portions include a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, a third conductive portion, and a fourth conductive portion, which are respectively located in the four quadrants defined by the first electrode and the second electrode; the first conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°, and the second conductive portion and the third conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°. One of the conductive portions includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion surrounded by the first connecting portion; The first connecting part is an open ring structure, which has a first end and a second end; The second connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment that are disconnected; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; The third end is connected to the first end via a third electrode, and the fifth end is connected to the second end via a fourth electrode; Furthermore, the conductive portion is symmetrical about a first straight line, which is the line connecting the center of the opening of the open ring structure and the center of the conductive portion.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The first metasurface unit is square with a side length of 0.1λ-0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency.

9. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The first metasurface unit includes: A conductive patch includes a first electrode extending along a third direction and a second electrode extending along a fourth direction, the third direction and the fourth direction being perpendicular to each other, and the intersection of the first electrode and the second electrode coinciding with the center of the first metasurface unit. The four conductive portions include a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, a third conductive portion, and a fourth conductive portion, which are respectively located in the four quadrants defined by the first electrode and the second electrode; the first conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°, and the second conductive portion and the third conductive portion are symmetrical about the center of the first metasurface unit by rotating 180°. One of the conductive portions includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion surrounded by the first connecting portion; The first connecting part is an open ring structure, which has a first end and a second end; The second connecting portion includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment; the first connecting segment has a third end and a fourth end, and the second connecting segment has a fifth end and a sixth end; the fourth end and the sixth end are connected to each other; The third end is connected to the first end via a third electrode, and the fifth end is connected to the second end via a fourth electrode; Furthermore, the conductive portion is symmetrical about a first straight line, which is the line connecting the center of the opening of the open ring structure and the center of the conductive portion.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein, The first metasurface unit is square with a side length of 0.05λ-0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency.

11. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, A first metasurface structure is provided on both sides of the first substrate along the second direction.

12. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a second metasurface structure; The second metasurface structure is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the oscillator, and the orthographic projection of the second metasurface structure on the first substrate at least covers the orthographic projection of the plurality of oscillators on the first substrate.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein, The oscillator includes a radiating structure, a signal electrode, a feeding structure, and a reference electrode; The radiating structure, the signal electrode, and the feeding structure are disposed on the same side of the first substrate, and the radiating structure and the feeding structure are connected through the signal electrode; The reference electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the radiation structure.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein, It also includes a radio frequency backplate disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the oscillator, and a power feeding structure is disposed on the radio frequency backplate; The oscillator includes: A second substrate has a first surface and a second surface, wherein the second surface is closer to the first substrate; A radiating structure is disposed on the first surface side; A reference electrode is disposed on the second surface side; The radiation structure includes a radiation main body, a feed plate, and a support part; The first end of the support is connected to the radiating main body, and the second end is fixed on the second substrate; The feed plate is disposed in the receiving space formed by the support portion, and includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other. The first end of the feed plate is connected to the radiating main body portion, and the second end is connected to the feed structure.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, wherein, The oscillator also includes a parasitic radiating part support and a parasitic radiating part located on the side of the radiating structure opposite to the first substrate; The parasitic radiating part support is located between the radiating structure and the parasitic radiating part.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-15.

Images