Welding tool based on additive manufacturing

Abstract

The utility model relates to a welding tool based on additive manufacturing. The welding tool comprises a fixed base, and the top end of the fixed base provides a positioning base plane for supporting an inverted printed board assembly body in the X-Y direction. The positioning base surface is provided with a plurality of fixing and supporting grooves for the direct-insertion components, and the fixing and supporting grooves provide Z-direction support for the direct-insertion components; the positioning base surface is provided with a plurality of protection grooves for protecting surface-mounted elements and / or surface-mounted components, and a plurality of positioning columns matched with mounting holes of the printed board assembly main body. The device is suitable for manual welding or automatic welding of a printed board assembly after direct-insertion components with different heights are inserted into the through holes, tight attachment is achieved, the welding precision is high, in the horizontal state, the risks of component deviation and printed board deformation caused by inverted welding of the printed board are reduced, the problem that the appearance of welding spots is inconsistent is solved, and the production efficiency is improved. The welding production efficiency, the component position accuracy and the welding spot quality are improved, meanwhile, the production period is flexible, and the manufacturing cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of printed circuit board and electronic assembly technology, and more specifically to a welding fixture based on additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of surface mount technology (SMT), miniaturized components can be mounted on printed circuit boards (PCBs) for reflow soldering. However, high-power power modules (e.g., relays) still require through-hole mounting (THT) for soldering. In the electronics industry, PCB assemblies require double-sided mounting, meaning that a hybrid assembly process combining surface mount and through-hole mounting is used simultaneously during PCB assembly production. However, PCBs are prone to deformation, and tilting during manual soldering can easily cause misalignment of the installed through-hole components, leading to unstable solder joint quality. Furthermore, inconsistent solder joint quality between different operators reduces production efficiency. Soldering fixtures have been applied in both manual and automated PCB soldering to fix the horizontal position of the PCB; however, they suffer from high manufacturing costs, long production cycles, difficult installation, and short service life.

[0003] With the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology, it has provided a low-cost, fast, reliable and easy-to-use manufacturing method for industries such as mechanical parts manufacturing, artistic creation and electronics.

[0004] Given the application of the above-mentioned background technologies, how to provide a low-cost, rapid-manufacturing, easy-to-install, and highly adaptable manual welding fixture based on additive manufacturing is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a welding fixture based on additive manufacturing, which solves the problems of high cost, long production cycle, difficult installation and short service life of welding fixtures in additive manufacturing.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is a welding fixture based on additive manufacturing, including a fixed base. The top of the fixed base is a positioning base surface that provides XY direction support for the inverted printed circuit board assembly body. The positioning base surface has multiple fixing support slots for through-hole components, and the fixing support slots provide Z direction support for the through-hole components. The positioning base surface has multiple protective slots for surface mount components and / or surface mount components, and multiple positioning posts that cooperate with the mounting holes of the printed circuit board assembly body.

[0007] According to the technical solution of this utility model, a welding fixture based on additive manufacturing further includes a quick-release groove located on the side of the fixed base.

[0008] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the top of the fixed base is recessed downward to form the positioning base surface, and the depth of the recess is the same as the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0009] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the difference between the length of the positioning base surface and the length of the main body of the printed circuit board assembly is 0.3-0.5mm, and the difference between the width of the positioning base surface and the width of the main body of the printed circuit board assembly is 0.3-0.5mm.

[0010] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the size of the fixed support groove is larger than that of the through-hole component.

[0011] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the depth of the fixed support groove is equal to or greater than the height of the through-hole component.

[0012] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the depth of the protective groove is greater than the height of the surface mount component and / or surface mount device.

[0013] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the depth of the protective groove is the height of the surface-mount element and / or surface-mount component after installation plus 0.3-0.5mm.

[0014] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the height of the positioning post is equal to the sum of the depth of the protective groove and the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0015] According to the technical solution of this utility model, the shape of the fixed support groove matches the shape of the through-hole component.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention supports the inverted printed circuit board assembly body in the XY direction using a positioning base and positioning posts. The fixed support groove provides Z-direction support for through-hole components, ensuring accurate installation of the components and preventing quality problems caused by horizontal movement of the components due to component misalignment. It also ensures that the height of the through-hole components meets design requirements. After the SMT process, the protective groove effectively protects the surface-mount components on the printed circuit board assembly from contact with tooling, improving soldering production efficiency.

[0018] This utility model provides a fixing support groove for through-hole components that can include various shapes to meet the fixing support function of through-hole components of different shapes and heights.

[0019] The positioning base of this utility model realizes the horizontal inverted support of the entire printed circuit board assembly, which can ensure that the printed circuit board assembly remains in a horizontal state during the welding process, so that the molten solder is formed into a high-quality solder joint, and significantly reduce the occurrence of solder joint quality defects.

[0020] Multiple positioning pins are inserted into positioning holes inside the main body of the printed circuit board assembly to achieve dual positioning of the main body of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0021] This invention features a simple and straightforward structure, requiring no adhesive application, facilitating easy installation and disassembly, ensuring high welding precision, and avoiding tilted placement operations. This effectively reduces the risk of solder joints failing to meet standard requirements, improves the overall quality of electronic products, increases production efficiency, and offers flexible production cycles suitable for both mass production and trial production. Compared to manufacturing welding fixtures through traditional metal milling, additive manufacturing reduces tool wear and material waste caused by metal debris. The process utilizes carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite materials, resulting in lower density, weight, and cost, while also enabling the welding fixture to withstand the elevated temperatures caused by heat conduction during device welding. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a welding fixture based on additive manufacturing provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main body of the printed circuit board assembly provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 Assembly drawing showing the connection between the fixed base and the main body of the printed circuit board assembly;

[0026] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the components and welding fixtures after the fixed base is connected to the main body of the printed circuit board assembly;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the separation method between the fixed base and the main body of the printed circuit board assembly;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base; 2. Fixed support groove; 3. Protective groove; 4. Positioning post; 5. Quick release groove; 6. Printed circuit board assembly body; 7. Through-hole components; 8. Surface mount components; 9. Surface mount devices; 10. Mounting holes. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0030] Since welding fixtures are already used in both manual and automated PCB soldering to fix the horizontal position of printed circuit boards, they suffer from problems such as high manufacturing costs, long production cycles, difficult installation, and short service life. Therefore, this utility model provides a welding fixture based on additive manufacturing, see attached figure. Figure 1-5 The system includes a fixed base 1, the top of which serves as a positioning base surface providing XY-direction support for the inverted printed circuit board assembly body 6; the positioning base surface has multiple through-hole component 7 fixing support grooves 2, which provide Z-direction support for the through-hole component 7; the positioning base surface has multiple protective grooves 3 for surface mount components 8 and / or surface mount components 9, and multiple positioning posts 4 that mate with mounting holes 10 of the printed circuit board assembly body 6.

[0031] The protective groove 3 serves to protect the surface mount components 8 and 9 from contact with the welding fixture fixing base 1.

[0032] The above embodiments have a simple structure, require no glue, are easy to install and disassemble, have high welding precision, and avoid tilting operations, effectively reducing the risk that the appearance of the solder joints does not meet the standard requirements, improving the overall quality of electronic products, increasing production efficiency, while having a flexible production cycle and low manufacturing cost.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "X", "Y", "Z", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the center position of the fixed support groove 2 is consistent with the installation center position of the through-hole component 7, which fixes the through-hole component 7 in the horizontal direction and supports the through-hole component 7 in the vertical direction.

[0035] The depth of the fixed support groove 2 is equal to or greater than the height of the through-hole component 7. In a specific embodiment, the depth of the fixed support groove 2 is the height of the through-hole component 7. For example, the depth of the fixed support groove 2 for an electrolytic capacitor can be 14 mm. The depth of the fixed support groove 2 for a relay can be 11 mm.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the dimensions of the fixing support groove 2 are larger than those of the through-hole component 7. The shape of the fixing support groove 2 matches the shape of the through-hole component 7. The shape of the fixing support groove 2 may include any one or two of the following: rectangular, square, circular, elliptical, etc.

[0037] For example, the length and width dimensions are 0.3-0.5mm larger than the length and width dimensions of the cuboid component to ensure that the through-hole component can be installed into the slot. The diameter of the fixed support slot 2 is 0.0-0.5mm larger than the diameter of the cylindrical component to ensure that the through-hole component can be installed into the slot.

[0038] In one embodiment of this invention, the depth of the protective groove 3 is greater than the height of the surface mount element 8 and / or the surface mount component 9. Specifically, the depth of the protective groove 3 is the maximum height of the surface mount element 8 and the surface mount component 9 plus 1 mm. For example, if the maximum height of the surface mount element 8 and the surface mount component 9 is 3 mm, the depth of the protective groove 3 is 4 mm.

[0039] The depth of the protective groove 3 can be selected as the height of the surface mount component 8 and / or surface mount component 9 after installation plus 0.3-0.5mm.

[0040] In another embodiment of the utility model, the positioning post 4 can be installed in the mounting hole 10 of the printed circuit board assembly body 6 to fix the horizontal (i.e., XY) position of the printed circuit board assembly body 6.

[0041] In this embodiment, the positioning post 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 10 for connection, and the positioning post 4 plays the role of positioning the main body 6 of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0042] The positioning post 4 and the fixed base 1 together serve to fix the horizontal position of the main body 6 of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0043] The height of the positioning post 4 is equal to the depth of the protective groove 3 plus the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body 6 of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0044] In some other embodiments of this invention, the quick-release groove 5 enables the printed circuit board assembly body 6 to be quickly separated from the welding fixture fixing base 1 after welding is completed. The quick-release groove 5 may have chamfers on the four corners of the fixing base.

[0045] In other embodiments of this utility model, the top of the fixed base 1 is recessed downward to form the positioning base surface, and the depth of the recess is the same as the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body 6 of the printed circuit board assembly, so as to ensure that the main body of the printed circuit board assembly is placed in the recessed groove.

[0046] Specifically, the difference between the length of the positioning base surface and the length of the printed circuit board assembly body 6 is 0.3-0.5mm, and the difference between the width of the positioning base surface and the width of the printed circuit board assembly body 6 is 0.3-0.5mm, so that the printed circuit board assembly body can be placed into the recessed groove.

[0047] In this embodiment of the present invention, the height of the positioning post 4 is equal to the sum of the depth of the protective groove 3 and the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body 6 of the printed circuit board assembly.

[0048] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "joining", "fixing", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] This utility model's tooling is applied to manual or automatic soldering processes following the SMT process. After installing the surface-mount components 7 into their corresponding positions on the printed circuit board assembly body 6 according to design requirements, the printed circuit board assembly body 6 is placed horizontally. During the use of the soldering tooling, the surface-mount components 7 on the printed circuit board assembly body 6 are placed into the fixing support groove 2 inside the fixing base 1. The surface-mount components 8 and 9 on the printed circuit board assembly body 6 do not come into contact with the surface-mount component protection groove 3. The positioning pins 4 in the fixing base 1 are inserted into the mounting positioning holes 10 of the printed circuit board assembly body 6. The printed circuit board assembly body 6 is placed into the fixing base 1, achieving a tight fit and fixation. Finally, the assembly of the printed circuit board assembly body 6 and the additive manufacturing-based soldering tooling is horizontally rotated 180° and then placed horizontally on an anti-static table for soldering.

[0050] This invention uses the through-hole component fixing support groove 2 to fix and support the through-hole components 7 on the main body 6 of the printed circuit board assembly, so that the printed circuit board assembly can remain horizontal in an inverted state. The through-hole components 7 are fixed in the horizontal direction by the through-hole component fixing support groove 2 and supported in the vertical direction by the through-hole component fixing support groove 2. Therefore, the through-hole components 7 will not wobble after installation, and can achieve high precision, high solder joint quality and high reliability electronic assembly.

[0051] This utility model supports the entire printed circuit board assembly body 6 with a fixed base 1, the fixed support groove 2 can support the through-hole components 7, and the protective groove 3 of the surface-mount components can protect the surface-mount components 8 and surface-mount devices 9 on the printed circuit board assembly body 6, realizing a rapid manufacturing process of hybrid assembly method.

[0052] This invention effectively secures the connection between the printed circuit board assembly body 6 and the additive manufacturing tooling through a fixed base 1 and a positioning post 4. The fixed base 1 stably supports the printed circuit board assembly body 6 in the horizontal direction, maintaining its overall horizontal position while restricting horizontal movement. The positioning post 4 aligns with the mounting holes 10 on the printed circuit board assembly body 6, further stabilizing its horizontal position and meeting the design requirements for the placement of through-hole components 7.

[0053] This utility model has the significant advantages of integrated structure, simple design, fast manufacturing, low cost, and quick installation and disassembly. It solves the problem of precise fixation of the main body of the printed circuit board assembly by welding fixtures. It effectively solves the problem of horizontal placement of the printed circuit board assembly under inverted welding conditions by using complex-shaped, high-height direct-insertion component fixing support grooves. It achieves high-precision, high-stability, high-productivity, high-solder-point quality, and high-reliability welding, improving productivity. It is not only suitable for the quality stability control of batch products, but also applicable to trial products with high quality requirements.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture based on additive manufacturing, characterized in that, Includes a fixed base (1), the top of which is a positioning base surface that provides XY direction support for the inverted printed circuit board assembly body (6); the positioning base surface has a plurality of through-hole component (7) fixing support grooves (2), the fixing support grooves (2) providing Z direction support for the through-hole component (7); the positioning base surface has a plurality of protective grooves (3) for protecting surface mount components (8) and / or surface mount components (9), and a plurality of positioning posts (4) that cooperate with the mounting holes (10) of the printed circuit board assembly body (6).

2. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a quick-release slot (5) located on the side of the fixed base (1).

3. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the fixed base (1) is recessed downward to form the positioning base surface, and the depth of the recess is the same as the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body (6) of the printed circuit board assembly.

4. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The difference between the length of the positioning base and the length of the printed circuit board assembly body (6) is 0.3-0.5mm, and the difference between the width of the positioning base and the width of the printed circuit board assembly body (6) is 0.3-0.5mm.

5. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of the fixed support groove (2) are larger than those of the through-hole component (7).

6. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the fixed support groove (2) is equal to or greater than the height of the through-hole component (7).

7. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the protective groove (3) is greater than the height of the surface mount element (8) and / or surface mount component (9).

8. The welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the protective groove (3) is the height of the surface mount component (8) and / or surface mount device (9) after installation plus 0.3-0.5 mm.

9. A welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the positioning post (4) is equal to the sum of the depth of the protective groove (3) and the thickness of the printed circuit board in the main body (6) of the printed circuit board assembly.

10. A welding fixture based on additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The shape of the fixed support groove (2) matches the shape of the through-hole component (7).

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