Workpiece machining fixing device

Abstract

A workpiece machining fixing device comprises a rotary disc and a pressing mechanism arranged above the rotary disc, and the rotary disc comprises a base, a rotary shaft arranged in the base, a rotary disc connected with the rotary shaft, a driving mechanism driving the rotary shaft to rotate and an air pressure device driving the rotary shaft to ascend and descend. The pressing mechanism comprises a main hydraulic cylinder located above the middle of the rotary disc and auxiliary hydraulic cylinders located on the periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder, and lifting of the rotary shaft and lifting of the main hydraulic cylinder are synchronous. According to the principle, when the rotating disc is in a locked state, the pressing mechanism presses a workpiece on the rotating disc for machining; when the workpiece needs to rotate, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder retracts, the main hydraulic cylinder keeps making contact with the workpiece, high-pressure gas is introduced into the air pressure device, the rotating disc and the rotating shaft are jacked up together through air pressure, meanwhile, the main hydraulic cylinder and the rotating shaft synchronously ascend but keep making contact with the rotating disc, and the main hydraulic cylinder can prevent the rotating shaft from inclining in the ascending process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a workpiece machining fixing device. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary tables are widely used in machine tool processing, serving to fix workpieces and provide workpiece rotation. Existing rotary tables utilize pneumatic structures for lifting and locking, such as the pneumatic indexing device for milling the end face of a bearing ring (Chinese Patent Publication No. CN207189319U). This device includes an indexing plate and a turntable, the turntable being rotatable and positioned above the indexing plate. The indexing plate has graduations and a cavity within it, housing a piston rod with an inverted "T" shaped cross-section. The lower horizontal portion of the piston rod is positioned within the cavity, while the upper vertical portion passes through the indexing plate and connects to the turntable. The indexing plate has an upper air inlet channel and a lower air inlet channel. The upper air inlet channel is located above the cavity and communicates with it, while the lower air inlet channel is located below the cavity and communicates with it. Although this pneumatic structure is simple, the uneven distribution of high-pressure gas upon entering the cavity often causes the piston rod to tilt or even jam during its ascent. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a workpiece processing and fixing device, thereby solving the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: a workpiece processing and fixing device, including a rotary table and a clamping mechanism disposed above the rotary table. The rotary table includes a base, a rotating shaft disposed within the base, a turntable connected to the rotating shaft, a drive mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and a pneumatic device for driving the rotating shaft to rise and fall. The clamping mechanism includes a main hydraulic cylinder located above the center of the turntable and an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder located around the main hydraulic cylinder. The rising and falling of the rotating shaft is synchronized with the rising and falling of the main hydraulic cylinder. The principle of this utility model is as follows: When the turntable is locked, the clamping mechanism presses the workpiece onto the turntable for processing; when the workpiece needs to rotate, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder retracts, the main hydraulic cylinder remains in contact with the workpiece, and the pneumatic device introduces high-pressure gas, which lifts the turntable and the rotating shaft together. Simultaneously, the main hydraulic cylinder rises synchronously with the rotating shaft but maintains contact with the turntable. The main hydraulic cylinder prevents the rotating shaft from tilting during the rising process.

[0005] As an improvement, a bearing is provided between the rotating shaft and the base, and the driving mechanism includes a bevel gear sleeve sleeved on and linked to the rotating shaft, a bevel gear meshing with the gear sleeve, and a motor that drives the bevel gear and is fixed on the base.

[0006] As an improvement, the motor is located in the middle of the outer wall of the base, and the motor drives the bevel gear through a reducer.

[0007] As an improvement, two bearings are provided, namely an upper bearing and a lower bearing, and the gear sleeve is located between the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

[0008] As an improvement, the base includes an upper body and a lower body fixedly connected thereto, a first accommodating cavity is formed between the upper body and the lower body, a second accommodating cavity is formed at the bottom of the lower body, the gear sleeve and the upper bearing are disposed in the first accommodating cavity, and the lower bearing is disposed in the second accommodating cavity.

[0009] As an improvement, the inner ring of the upper bearing abuts against the upper end of the gear sleeve, the outer ring of the upper bearing abuts against the first stop plate in the base, and there is a gap between the upper bearing and the rotating shaft; the lower bearing is fitted tightly onto the rotating shaft, and one end in the second accommodating cavity forms a limiting stop surface.

[0010] As an improvement, the gear sleeve is connected to the shaft via a spline.

[0011] As an improvement, the turntable is located above the base, and the pneumatic device includes an upper gear plate located at the bottom of the turntable and a lower gear plate located on the base and corresponding to the upper gear plate. A sealed cavity that allows gas to pass through is formed between the upper gear plate and the lower gear plate. The upper gear plate and the lower gear plate mesh with each other after being attached. A sealing element is provided between the upper gear plate and the base, and between the lower gear plate and the turntable.

[0012] As an improvement, the bottom of the turntable is provided with a first annular body, the top of the seat is provided with a second annular body, the upper gear plate and the lower gear plate are located between the first annular body and the second annular body, and the first annular body, the inner wall and the outer wall of the second annular body are provided with sealing grooves for installing sealing elements.

[0013] As an improvement, the seal is a sealing ring.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0015] 1. The main hydraulic cylinder maintains contact with the turntable and moves up and down synchronously when the shaft and turntable are raised and lowered, which can stabilize the shaft and prevent it from tilting during the raising and lowering process;

[0016] 2. Using bevel gears instead of worm gears and worm shafts results in faster meshing between the bevel gears and gear sleeves, and simpler installation of the bevel gears;

[0017] 3. With bevel gears as the transmission, the motor can be installed in the middle of the base, resulting in better overall balance of the turntable and effectively avoiding the herringbone guard of the bed.

[0018] 4. After the upper and lower gears are separated by air or hydraulic pressure, the drive mechanism can drive the turntable to rotate. The turntable does not need roller support, which reduces friction when the turntable rotates and reduces consumable parts, thus reducing costs.

[0019] 5. The turntable and the rotating shaft rise and fall together. Two bearings are installed between the rotating shaft and the base to make the lifting and lowering of the rotating shaft more stable.

[0020] 6. The turntable is locked by the meshing of the upper and lower gear discs, which ensures high reliability. Increasing the size of the gear discs can improve stability.

[0021] 7. The space between the upper and lower gear discs forms a sealed cavity, which effectively utilizes the space of the rotary disc structure. Moreover, the sealed cavity has a larger volume and can provide greater pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary table.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a sectional view of the rotary table. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a workpiece processing and fixing device includes a rotary table 1 and a pressing mechanism 2 disposed above the rotary table 1. The pressing mechanism 2 can press the workpiece 3 onto the rotary table 1.

[0027] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the rotary table 1 includes a base 11, a rotating shaft 15 disposed in the base 11, a turntable 13 connected to the rotating shaft 15, a drive mechanism 12 for driving the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, and a pneumatic device for driving the rotating shaft to lift.

[0028] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, the drive mechanism 12 includes a bevel gear sleeve 121 sleeved on and linked to the rotating shaft 15, a bevel gear 122 meshing with the gear sleeve 121, a reducer 123 and a motor 124. The gear sleeve 121 includes a sleeve body and a bevel gear 122 located at the lower end of the sleeve body. The sleeve body is connected to the rotating shaft 15 via a spline, allowing the gear sleeve 121 to move in tandem with the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 to rise and fall relative to the gear sleeve 121. The bevel gear 122 meshes with the bevel gear 122. The bevel gear 122 is located inside the base 11. The reducer 123 is connected to the bevel gear 122 via a flange and is fixed to the base 11 with bolts. The input end of the motor 124 is connected to the output end of the reducer 123 via bolts, and the two move in tandem. The motor 124 drives the bevel gear 122 through the reducer 123, the bevel gear 122 drives the gear sleeve 121, the gear sleeve 121 drives the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 drives the turntable 13. The motor 124 is located in the middle of the outer wall of the base 11, resulting in better overall balance of the turntable 13 and effectively avoiding the herringbone guard of the bed. When the turntable 13 needs to be rotated, the motor drives the bevel gear 122, which in turn drives the gear sleeve 121, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 15, which in turn drives the turntable 13. By using the bevel gear 122 instead of the worm gear, the meshing between the bevel gear 122 and the gear sleeve 121 is faster, and the installation of the bevel gear 122 is simpler. With the bevel gear 122 as the transmission, the motor can be installed in the middle position of the base 11, resulting in better overall balance of the turntable 13.

[0029] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, a bearing is provided between the rotating shaft 15 and the base 11. In this embodiment, two bearings are provided: an upper bearing 125 and a lower bearing 126. The gear sleeve 121 is located between the upper bearing 125 and the lower bearing 126. The two rotating shafts 15 are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 15, which serves to restrain the lateral tilting of the rotating shaft 15 during lifting and lowering. The base 11 includes an upper seat body 112 and a lower seat body 111 fixedly connected to its bottom. A first receiving cavity 113 is formed between the upper seat body 112 and the lower seat body 111, and a second receiving cavity 114 is formed at the bottom of the lower seat body 111. The gear sleeve 121 and the upper bearing 125 are located in the first receiving cavity 113, and the lower bearing 126 is located in the second receiving cavity 114. The inner ring of the upper bearing 125 abuts against the upper end of the gear sleeve 121, and the outer ring of the upper bearing 125 abuts against the first stop plate in the base 11. A bearing is provided between the upper bearing 125 and the rotating shaft 15. With a gap, the upper bearing 125 is fixed, while the rotating shaft 15 can move up and down along the upper bearing 125; the lower bearing 126 is fitted tightly onto the rotating shaft 15, and both ends of the lower bearing 126 are clamped by the flange on the rotating shaft 15 and the clamp fitted onto the rotating shaft 15, respectively. The rotating shaft 15 drives the lower bearing 126 to move up and down; the second accommodating cavity 114 of the lower seat 111 allows the lower bearing 126 to move, one end of the first accommodating cavity 113 is open, and the other end forms a limiting stop surface 115. The limiting stop surface 115 is used to limit the upward stroke of the lower bearing 126, thereby limiting the maximum upward stroke of the turntable 3.

[0030] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, the turntable 13 is located above the base 11. The pneumatic device includes an upper gear plate 16 located at the bottom of the turntable 13 and a lower gear plate 17 located on the base 11 corresponding to the upper gear plate 16. A sealed cavity 18 that allows gas to pass through is formed between the upper gear plate 16 and the lower gear plate 17. The upper gear plate 16 and the lower gear plate 17 mesh with each other after being fitted together. A sealing element 19 is provided between the upper gear plate 16 and the base 11, and between the lower gear plate 17 and the turntable 13, which can ensure that the pressure in the sealed cavity 18 is constant. The bottom of the turntable 13 is provided with a first annular body 131, and the top of the upper seat 112 is provided with a second annular body 1121. The upper gear plate 16 and the lower gear plate 17 are located between the first annular body 131 and the second annular body 1121. The first annular body 131 and its inner wall and the outer wall of the second annular body 1121 are provided with sealing grooves for installing sealing elements 19. The sealing element 19 is a sealing ring. This sealing structure is simple and the cost of replacing the sealing element 19 is low. In this embodiment, the external air source is connected to the sealing cavity 18 through the air pipe and the air passage in the base 11. After high-pressure gas is injected into the sealing cavity 18, the pressure formed in the sealing cavity 18 can lift the turntable 13, thereby separating the upper gear plate 16 and the lower gear plate 17. The gear plate shaft 15 can drive the turntable 13 to rotate. When the gas in the sealing cavity 18 is discharged, the turntable 13 drives the upper gear plate 16 to descend under the action of gravity. After the upper gear plate 16 and the lower gear plate 17 mesh with each other, the turntable 13 is locked. During this process, the upper and lower gear plates are aligned and drive the shaft 15, which will not affect the meshing of the bevel gear 122. It is superior to the worm gear structure.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the base 11 is provided with a support assembly 14 that acts on the turntable 13. The support assembly 14 includes an elastic seat fixed on the base 11 and rollers mounted on the elastic seat. The rollers act on the bottom of the turntable 13. To prevent the turntable 13 from tilting due to the instantaneous injection of high-pressure gas into the sealing cavity 18, the support assembly can counteract the tilting of one side of the turntable 13.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a main hydraulic cylinder 21 located above the center of the turntable 13 and an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 22 located around the main hydraulic cylinder 21. The lifting and lowering of the rotating shaft is synchronized with the lifting and lowering of the main hydraulic cylinder 21. When the turntable is locked, the clamping mechanism presses the workpiece onto the turntable for processing. When the workpiece needs to rotate, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 22 retracts, the main hydraulic cylinder 21 remains in contact with the workpiece, and the pneumatic device introduces high-pressure gas. The air pressure lifts the turntable and the rotating shaft together, while the main hydraulic cylinder 21 rises synchronously with the rotating shaft but remains in contact with the turntable. The main hydraulic cylinder 21 can prevent the rotating shaft from tilting during the rising process.

Claims

1. A workpiece processing and fixing device, comprising a rotary table and a clamping mechanism disposed above the rotary table, characterized in that: The rotary table includes a base, a rotating shaft disposed in the base, a turntable connected to the rotating shaft, a drive mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and a pneumatic device for driving the rotating shaft to rise and fall; the clamping mechanism includes a main hydraulic cylinder located above the center of the turntable and an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder located around the main hydraulic cylinder, and the rising and falling of the rotating shaft is synchronized with the rising and falling of the main hydraulic cylinder.

2. The workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing is provided between the rotating shaft and the base. The driving mechanism includes a bevel gear sleeve that is sleeved on the rotating shaft and linked thereto, a bevel gear that meshes with the gear sleeve, and a motor that drives the bevel gear and is fixed on the base.

3. The workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The motor is located in the middle of the outer wall of the base, and the motor drives the bevel gear through a reducer.

4. The workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two bearings, namely an upper bearing and a lower bearing, and the gear sleeve is located between the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

5. The workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base includes an upper body and a lower body fixedly connected thereto. A first accommodating cavity is formed between the upper body and the lower body, and a second accommodating cavity is formed at the bottom of the lower body. The gear sleeve and the upper bearing are disposed in the first accommodating cavity, and the lower bearing is disposed in the second accommodating cavity.

6. The workpiece processing fixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner ring of the upper bearing abuts against the upper end of the gear sleeve, and the outer ring of the upper bearing abuts against the first stop plate in the base. There is a gap between the upper bearing and the rotating shaft. The lower bearing is fitted tightly onto the rotating shaft, and one end of the second accommodating cavity forms a limiting stop surface.

7. The workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear sleeve is connected to the rotating shaft via a spline.

8. The workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turntable is located above the base. The pneumatic device includes an upper toothed disc located at the bottom of the turntable and a lower toothed disc located on the base and corresponding to the upper toothed disc. A sealed cavity is formed between the upper toothed disc and the lower toothed disc, allowing gas to pass through. The upper toothed disc and the lower toothed disc mesh with each other after being fitted together. A sealing element is provided between the upper toothed disc and the base, and between the lower toothed disc and the turntable.

9. A workpiece processing fixing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the turntable is provided with a first annular body, the top of the base is provided with a second annular body, the upper gear plate and the lower gear plate are located between the first annular body and the second annular body, and the first annular body, the inner wall and the outer wall of the second annular body are provided with sealing grooves for installing sealing elements.

10. A workpiece processing and fixing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sealing element is a sealing ring.

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