Cutter head of shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machine equipment, and discloses a shield tunneling machine cutterhead which comprises a shield tunneling machine main body, crushing rollers are rotationally connected into multiple first mounting grooves, cutting rollers are rotationally connected into multiple second mounting grooves, a connecting shaft is rotationally connected into a fixing plate, and the connecting shaft is rotationally connected into a rotating shaft. One end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with an auxiliary cutter head, and the surface of the auxiliary cutter head is fixedly connected with a plurality of crushing cutters arranged in a rectangular array. According to the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine, the crushing roller, the cutting roller and the crushing cutter are combined, an efficient and multi-layer cutting system is formed, the characteristics of different cutting tools can be fully utilized, effective crushing and cutting of tunneling materials are achieved, and therefore the tunneling efficiency is improved; the crushing cutters on the auxiliary cutterheads firstly preliminarily crush tunneling materials, the crushing rollers and the cutting rollers further crush and cut soil and rocks, and the progressive cutting mode is beneficial to improving the tunneling efficiency and shortening the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel boring machine equipment technology, specifically a tunnel boring machine cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) have advantages such as high automation, saving manpower, fast construction speed, one-time tunneling, no impact from weather, control of ground settlement during excavation, reduced impact on ground buildings, and no impact on water traffic during underwater excavation. They are commonly used in tunnel construction.

[0003] However, most existing tunnel boring machine cutters use fixed cutterheads. The cutter configuration and layout of fixed cutterheads are fixed, making it difficult to adapt to complex and varied geological conditions. Due to the unevenness of geological conditions, tunneling difficulties may be encountered. Because of the fixed configuration of the cutters, it is difficult to make real-time adjustments according to the hardness of the tunneling material, thus affecting tunneling efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a tunnel boring machine cutterhead that offers advantages such as improved tunneling efficiency. It solves the problem that most existing tunnel boring machines use fixed cutterheads, whose cutter configuration and layout are fixed and difficult to adapt to complex and varied geological conditions. Due to the unevenness of geological conditions, tunneling difficulties may be encountered. Furthermore, the fixed cutter configuration makes it difficult to adjust the cutter configuration in real time according to the hardness of the tunneling material, thus affecting tunneling efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a shield tunneling machine cutterhead, comprising a shield tunneling machine body, a main cutterhead rotatably connected to one end of the shield tunneling machine body, a plurality of first mounting grooves arranged in a circular array inside the surface of the main cutterhead, a crushing roller rotatably connected inside each of the plurality of first mounting grooves, a plurality of second mounting grooves arranged in a circular array inside the surface of the main cutterhead, a cutting roller rotatably connected inside each of the plurality of second mounting grooves, a bevel gear fixedly connected to one end of each of the plurality of crushing rollers passing through a third mounting groove, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the middle of the surface of the main cutterhead, a connecting shaft rotatably connected inside the fixing plate, a secondary cutterhead fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shaft, and a plurality of crushing cutters arranged in a rectangular array fixedly connected to the surface of the secondary cutterhead.

[0006] Through the above scheme, the device combines crushing rollers, cutting rollers, and crushing blades to form a highly efficient and multi-layered cutting system. It can fully utilize the characteristics of different cutting tools to effectively crush and cut the tunneling material, thereby improving tunneling efficiency. The crushing blades on the secondary cutterhead first perform preliminary crushing of the tunneling material, providing favorable conditions for subsequent steps. The crushing rollers and cutting rollers further crush and cut the soil and rock. This progressive cutting method helps improve tunneling efficiency and shorten the construction period. The crushing rollers and secondary cutterhead are driven by a drive device and can rotate independently, allowing operators to flexibly adjust the cutting according to the actual tunneling situation. To optimize the working state of the tools and achieve the best tunneling effect, the main cutterhead has multiple first and second mounting slots arranged in a circular array for mounting crushing rollers and cutting rollers. This design not only makes the distribution of cutting tools on the cutterhead more uniform, but also improves the structural compactness and stability of the entire device. Because the device contains a variety of cutting tools that can work together, the cutterhead can adapt to various geological conditions, whether it is soft soil, sand, clay or hard rock. The device can provide effective tunneling capabilities and reduce tunneling difficulties caused by changes in geological conditions, giving the device the advantages of strong adaptability to geological conditions and high tunneling efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, a third mounting slot is provided inside the main cutter head, and a motor is fixedly connected inside the third mounting slot. A gear plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor.

[0008] With the above solution, the motor is directly installed in the third mounting slot inside the main cutterhead and is fixedly connected to the gear plate through the output end, which reduces energy loss during power transmission and enables the cutting tool to obtain a more direct and stable power source, thereby improving tunneling efficiency. The motor is built into the main cutterhead, avoiding the extra space occupied by external power sources, making the entire shield machine cutterhead device more compact.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the main blade disc is fixedly connected with a plurality of side scrapers arranged in a ring array.

[0010] The above-mentioned design of the side scraper enables precise shaping of the tunnel edge, ensuring that the size and shape of the tunnel cross-section meet the design requirements. Simultaneous shaping of the tunnel edge during excavation ensures the flatness and verticality of the tunnel cross-section, avoiding the need for additional edge treatment after excavation, improving the overall efficiency of the excavation operation, and shortening the construction period.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the plurality of crushing rollers includes a first rotating shaft, and a plurality of crushing blades arranged in a linear array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the plurality of first rotating shafts.

[0012] With the above scheme, multiple crushing blades on each crushing roller are arranged in a linear array, which can more effectively crush the tunneling material. The crushing roller can form a continuous crushing action when rotating, crushing the tunneling material into smaller particles, which helps to reduce the difficulty of subsequent processing steps.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting roller includes a second rotating shaft, and a plurality of cutting tools arranged in a linear array are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft.

[0014] With the above scheme, the cutting tools are rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft. Multiple cutting tools are arranged in a linear array on the second rotating shaft, which increases the contact area with the tunneling material, improves the cutting efficiency, and enables the cutting roller to cut the tunneling material more quickly, shortening the tunneling cycle. The linear array of cutting tools helps to form continuous cutting action, so that the tunneling material can be cut more evenly, which is convenient for subsequent crushing of the tunneling material.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the connecting shaft away from the secondary cutter head is fixedly connected to the surface of the gear disc.

[0016] With the above scheme, the connecting shaft is directly connected to the gear disc. The secondary cutter disc and the crushing cutters on it can directly obtain power by driving the gear disc with a motor. By adjusting the motor, the rotation speed and cutting force of the secondary cutter disc can be flexibly controlled, which helps to adjust the cutting strategy according to different tunneling materials and improve tunneling efficiency and quality.

[0017] Furthermore, all of the aforementioned bevel gears mesh with the gear disc.

[0018] The above scheme, with its toothed plate and bevel gear, allows the toothed plate to drive multiple crushing rollers to rotate simultaneously, thus improving the efficiency of tunneling operations.

[0019] Furthermore, all of the aforementioned crushing blades are made of tungsten steel.

[0020] The above solution utilizes tungsten steel, a material with extremely high hardness and excellent wear resistance. Crushing tools made of tungsten steel can maintain sharp cutting edges during long-term, high-intensity tunneling operations, effectively crushing tunneling materials and reducing tool wear and replacement frequency.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This shield tunneling machine cutterhead combines a crushing roller, a cutting roller, and crushing blades to form a highly efficient and multi-layered cutting system. It fully utilizes the characteristics of different cutting tools to effectively crush and cut the tunneling material, thereby improving tunneling efficiency. The crushing blades on the secondary cutterhead first perform preliminary crushing of the tunneling material, providing favorable conditions for subsequent steps. The crushing roller and cutting roller further crush and cut the soil and rock. This progressive cutting method helps improve tunneling efficiency and shorten the construction period. The crushing roller and secondary cutterhead are driven by a drive device and can rotate independently, allowing operators to flexibly adjust the cutting rollers according to the actual tunneling situation. To optimize the working state of the cutting tools and achieve the best tunneling effect, the main cutterhead has multiple first and second mounting slots arranged in a circular array for mounting the crushing roller and cutting roller. This design not only makes the distribution of cutting tools on the cutterhead more uniform, but also improves the structural compactness and stability of the entire device. Because the device contains a variety of cutting tools that can work together, the cutterhead can adapt to various geological conditions, whether it is soft soil, sand, clay or hard rock. The device can provide effective tunneling capability and reduce tunneling difficulties caused by changes in geological conditions, giving it the advantages of strong adaptability to geological conditions and high tunneling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the structure in this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary cutter head structure of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary cutter head mounting structure of this application.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing roller structure of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting roller structure of this application.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1. Main body of the tunnel boring machine; 2. Main cutterhead; 3. First mounting slot; 4. Crushing roller; 401. First rotating shaft; 402. Crushing cutter; 5. Second mounting slot; 6. Cutting roller; 601. Second rotating shaft; 602. Cutting cutter; 7. Third mounting slot; 8. Motor; 9. Gear disc; 10. Bevel gear; 11. Fixing plate; 12. Connecting shaft; 13. Secondary cutterhead; 14. Crushing cutter; 15. Side scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This embodiment of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead includes a TBM body 1, with a main cutterhead 2 rotatably connected to one end of the TBM body 1. The main cutterhead 2 has multiple first mounting grooves 3 arranged in a circular array on its surface. Crushing rollers 4 are rotatably connected inside each of the multiple first mounting grooves 3. The main cutterhead 2 also has multiple second mounting grooves 5 arranged in a circular array on its surface. These grooves are used to install tunneling devices. Cutting rollers 6 are rotatably connected inside each of the multiple second mounting grooves 5. The crushing rollers 4 and cutting rollers 6 further crush and cut the soil and rock. This progressive cutting method helps improve tunneling efficiency and shorten the tunneling time. During the construction period, the crushing roller 4 and the auxiliary cutter head 13 are driven by a drive device and can rotate independently, allowing the operator to flexibly adjust the working state of the cutting tools according to the actual tunneling situation to achieve the best tunneling effect. One end of each of the multiple crushing rollers 4 passes through the third mounting groove 7 and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 10. A fixing plate 11 is fixedly connected to the middle of the surface of the main cutter head 2. A connecting shaft 12 is rotatably connected inside the fixing plate 11. One end of the connecting shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary cutter head 13. Multiple crushing blades 14 arranged in a rectangular array are fixedly connected to the surface of the auxiliary cutter head 13. The crushing blades 14 on the auxiliary cutter head 13 first perform preliminary crushing of the tunneling material, providing favorable conditions for subsequent steps.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The main cutterhead 2 has a third mounting slot 7 inside, and a motor 8 is fixedly connected inside the third mounting slot 7. The output end of the motor 8 is fixedly connected to a gear plate 9. The motor 8 is directly installed in the third mounting slot 7 inside the main cutterhead 2 and fixedly connected to the gear plate 9 through the output end, which reduces energy loss in the power transmission process and allows the cutting tool to obtain a more direct and stable power source, thereby improving tunneling efficiency. The motor 8 is built into the main cutterhead 2, avoiding the extra space occupied by the external power source, making the entire shield machine cutterhead device more compact. Multiple side scrapers 15 arranged in a ring array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main cutterhead 2. The design of the side scrapers 15 allows them to accurately shape the tunnel edge, ensuring that the size and shape of the tunnel cross-section meet the design requirements. During the tunneling process, the tunnel edge is shaped at the same time to ensure the flatness and verticality of the tunnel cross-section, avoiding the extra edge treatment steps after tunneling, improving the overall efficiency of the tunneling operation and shortening the construction period.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Each of the multiple crushing rollers 4 includes a first rotating shaft 401, and multiple crushing blades 402 arranged in a linear array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the multiple first rotating shafts 401. The multiple crushing blades 402 on each crushing roller 4 are arranged in a linear array, which can more effectively crush the tunneling material. When the crushing roller 4 rotates, it can form a continuous crushing action, crushing the tunneling material into smaller particles, which helps to reduce the difficulty of subsequent processing steps. The cutting roller 6 includes a second rotating shaft 601, and multiple cutting blades 602 arranged in a linear array are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 601. The cutting blades 602 are rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 601. The multiple cutting blades 602 are arranged in a linear array on the second rotating shaft 601, which increases the contact area with the tunneling material and improves the cutting efficiency. This allows the cutting roller 6 to cut the tunneling material more quickly and shorten the tunneling cycle. The linear array of cutting blades 602 helps to form a continuous cutting action, so that the tunneling material can be cut more evenly, which is convenient for subsequent crushing of the tunneling material.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The end of the connecting shaft 12 away from the secondary cutterhead 13 is fixedly connected to the surface of the toothed disc 9. The toothed plate and bevel gear 10 are arranged so that when the toothed plate rotates, it simultaneously drives multiple crushing rollers 4 to rotate, improving the efficiency of the tunneling operation. Multiple bevel gears 10 mesh with the toothed disc 9. The toothed plate and bevel gear 10 are arranged so that when the toothed plate rotates, it simultaneously drives multiple crushing rollers 4 to rotate, improving the efficiency of the tunneling operation. Multiple crushing cutters 14 are made of tungsten steel. Tungsten steel is a material with extremely high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The crushing cutters 14 made of tungsten steel can maintain a sharp cutting edge during long-term, high-intensity tunneling operations, effectively crushing tunneling materials and reducing the wear and replacement frequency of the cutters. Tungsten steel is a material with extremely high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The crushing cutters 14 made of tungsten steel can maintain a sharp cutting edge during long-term, high-intensity tunneling operations, effectively crushing tunneling materials and reducing the wear and replacement frequency of the cutters.

[0036] In this embodiment, the tunnel boring machine cutterhead combines a crushing roller 4, a cutting roller 6, and a crushing blade 14 to form a highly efficient and multi-layered cutting system. This system fully utilizes the characteristics of different cutting tools to effectively crush and cut the tunneling material, thereby improving tunneling efficiency. The crushing blade 14 on the secondary cutterhead 13 first performs preliminary crushing of the tunneling material, providing favorable conditions for subsequent steps. The crushing roller 4 and cutting roller 6 further crush and cut the soil and rock. This progressive cutting method helps improve tunneling efficiency and shorten the construction period. The crushing roller 4 and the secondary cutterhead 13 are driven by a drive device and can rotate independently, allowing operators to adjust the rotation according to the actual tunneling progress. The cutting tools can be flexibly adjusted to achieve the best tunneling effect. The main cutterhead 2 has multiple first mounting slots 3 and second mounting slots 5 arranged in a ring array for installing crushing rollers 4 and cutting rollers 6. This design not only makes the distribution of cutting tools on the cutterhead more uniform, but also improves the structural compactness and stability of the entire device. Since the device contains a variety of cutting tools that can work together, the cutterhead can adapt to various geological conditions, whether it is soft soil, sand, clay or hard rock. The device can provide effective tunneling capability and reduce tunneling difficulties caused by changes in geological conditions. This gives the device the advantages of strong adaptability to geological conditions and high tunneling efficiency.

[0037] It should be noted that both the gear 9 and the bevel gear 10 are made of high-strength steel, which enables them to withstand greater pressure and torque.

[0038] The working principle of the above embodiments is as follows:

[0039] The operator starts the motor 8 on the main body 1 of the tunnel boring machine. The motor 8 is located in the third mounting slot 7 inside the main cutterhead 2 and is fixedly connected to the gear disc 9. After the motor 8 starts, its output end drives the gear disc 9 to rotate. Since the auxiliary cutterhead 13 is connected to the gear disc 9 through the connecting shaft 12, the rotation of the gear disc 9 will drive the auxiliary cutterhead 13 to rotate. The multiple crushing blades 14 on the auxiliary cutterhead 13 will perform preliminary crushing of the tunneling material. The cutting roller 6 will further cut the crushed material through the cutting blades 602 on its second rotating shaft 601. Since multiple bevel gears 10 are meshed with the gear disc 9, the rotation of the gear disc 9 will simultaneously drive all the bevel gears 10 to rotate. Each bevel gear 10 is fixedly connected to one end of a crushing roller 4. Therefore, the rotation of the bevel gears 10 will drive the crushing roller 4 to rotate around its first rotating shaft 401. The multiple crushing blades 402 on the crushing roller 4 are arranged in a linear array. The tunnel boring machine (TBM) is arranged in a specific pattern. As the crushing roller 4 rotates, it initially crushes the tunneling material. The crushing blade 14 is made of tungsten steel, which has high hardness and wear resistance. It can maintain a sharp cutting edge during long-term, high-intensity tunneling operations, effectively crushing the tunneling material. The material that has been initially crushed by the secondary cutterhead 13 then enters the working area of ​​the crushing roller 4 and the cutting roller 6. The cutting roller 6 performs fine cutting on the crushed material, while the crushing roller 4 further crushes the material. At the same time, multiple side scrapers 15 on the outer wall of the main cutterhead 2 will shape the tunnel edge to ensure that the size and shape of the tunnel cross-section meet the design requirements. As the TBM advances, the above cutting process will continue to achieve tunneling operations. The operator can flexibly adjust the working status of the cutting tools according to the actual tunneling situation, such as adjusting the speed of the motor 8 and replacing severely worn blades, to achieve the best tunneling effect.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0041] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling machine cutterhead, comprising a shield tunneling machine body (1), characterized in that: The shield machine body (1) is rotatably connected to a main cutterhead (2) at one end. The main cutterhead (2) has multiple first mounting slots (3) arranged in a ring array inside its surface. Each of the multiple first mounting slots (3) is rotatably connected to a crushing roller (4). The main cutterhead (2) has multiple second mounting slots (5) arranged in a ring array inside its surface. Each of the multiple second mounting slots (5) is rotatably connected to a cutting roller (6). One end of each of the multiple crushing rollers (4) passes through a third mounting slot (7) and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear (10). A fixing plate (11) is fixedly connected to the middle of the main cutterhead (2). A connecting shaft (12) is rotatably connected inside the fixing plate (11). One end of the connecting shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a secondary cutterhead (13). Multiple crushing blades (14) arranged in a rectangular array are fixedly connected to the surface of the secondary cutterhead (13).

2. The cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main blade disc (2) has a third mounting slot (7) inside, and a motor (8) is fixedly connected inside the third mounting slot (7). The output end of the motor (8) is fixedly connected to a gear disc (9).

3. The cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the main blade disc (2) is fixedly connected with a plurality of side scrapers (15) arranged in a ring array.

4. A tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the multiple crushing rollers (4) includes a first rotating shaft (401), and a plurality of crushing blades (402) arranged in a linear array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the multiple first rotating shafts (401).

5. A tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting roller (6) includes a second rotating shaft (601), and a plurality of cutting tools (602) arranged in a linear array are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (601).

6. A tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the connecting shaft (12) away from the secondary cutter head (13) is fixedly connected to the surface of the gear disc (9).

7. A tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: All of the aforementioned bevel gears (10) mesh with the toothed disc (9).

8. A tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: All of the aforementioned crushing blades (14) are made of tungsten steel.

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