Coal-fired power plant air pre-heater with anti-blocking function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coal-fired power plant air pre-heater with an anti-blocking function, and relates to the technical field of air pre-heaters, the coal-fired power plant air pre-heater comprises an air pre-heater body and an outer shell body, the outer shell body is installed on the right side of the air pre-heater body, an air blower is installed above the outer shell body, a storage box is installed on the inner top of the outer shell body, and the air blower is installed on the storage box. A spray head assembly is installed below the first supporting frame through a multi-stage electric telescopic rod. A connecting plate is mounted in the outer shell, and a positioning screw is mounted on the right side of the connecting plate. According to the coal-fired power plant air pre-heater with the anti-blocking function, through cooperation of the air blower, the spray head assembly and the multi-stage electric telescopic rod, the filter screen assembly can be automatically purged and cleaned, the filter screen assembly does not need to be disassembled, the cleaning efficiency is greatly improved, the maintenance time and the labor cost are saved, and meanwhile the cleaning brush assembly and the handle are designed, so that the cleaning effect is better. Stubborn stains can be conveniently and manually cleaned, the cleaning effect is further improved, and the stable filtering performance of the filter screen assembly is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air preheater technology, specifically to an air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation of coal-fired power plants, the air preheater plays an indispensable role as a key piece of equipment. It utilizes the waste heat from the boiler's flue gas to heat the incoming cold air, improving boiler thermal efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing exhaust heat loss. This is of great significance for energy conservation, emission reduction, and economic operation of the power plant. As a crucial device for waste heat recovery from boiler flue gas, the operating status of the air preheater directly affects the power plant's thermal efficiency and economy. Statistics show that increased pressure loss due to ash accumulation and blockage in the air preheater can reduce boiler efficiency by 1.5%-2.5%, resulting in an annual power generation loss of millions of kilowatt-hours. Existing anti-blockage technologies face the following core challenges:

[0003] The ash accumulation mechanism is complex and traditional cleaning methods are inefficient: sticky substances such as fly ash (particle size 5-50μm) and ammonium bisulfate (ABS) contained in coal-fired flue gas are prone to deposit in the low-temperature section (<200℃) of the air preheater, forming a dense ash layer.

[0004] Offline cleaning mode limits unit availability: it relies on periodic shutdowns for disassembly and cleaning, resulting in short maintenance cycles, low cleaning efficiency, and the risk of secondary contamination.

[0005] Online cleaning technologies have systemic defects: Steam blowing: Blind spots account for 25%-30% of cleaning, and steam consumption is high (2-3t / h), increasing coal costs; Sonic ash removal: Frequency matching is difficult, and low-frequency sound waves below 200Hz can only penetrate 5-8cm into dense ash layers; Rotary brush washing: Bristle wear rate is as high as 0.3mm / thousand hours, requiring replacement every six months, increasing maintenance costs by 40%.

[0006] Dynamic sealing challenges of filter components: Leakage channels: When the gap between the filter screen frame and the housing is >0.5mm, the short-circuit rate of flue gas exceeds 5%; Thermal deformation mismatch: Under a temperature difference of 300℃, the expansion difference between the carbon steel filter screen and the ceramic fiber gasket reaches 1.2-1.8mm, leading to sealing failure; Structural fatigue: Frequent disassembly and assembly increases the stress concentration factor of bolted connections to 3.5-4.0, increasing the risk of thread failure.

[0007] Therefore, we propose an air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function to solve the problems mentioned above. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the current market requires the filter screen to be disassembled and cleaned, and the filter screen cannot be cleaned directly, which exacerbates the complexity and inefficiency of the maintenance of traditional coal-fired power plant air preheaters, thereby increasing the time cost and labor cost of filter screen maintenance.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an air preheater for a coal-fired power plant with anti-clogging function, comprising an air preheater body and an outer shell, the outer shell being installed on the right side of the air preheater body, a first support frame being installed on the top of the outer shell, a blower being installed on the top of the outer shell, a storage box being installed on the inner top of the outer shell, and a nozzle assembly being installed below the first support frame via a multi-stage electric telescopic rod;

[0010] A connecting plate is installed inside the outer shell. A positioning screw is installed on the right side of the connecting plate, and a fixing nut is installed on the positioning screw. A filter screen assembly is provided on the right side of the connecting plate. A rotating shaft is installed on the middle right side of the filter screen assembly through a bearing seat, and a cleaning brush assembly is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0011] A second support frame is installed on the lower surface of the outer shell, and a threaded rod is installed on the second support frame. A smooth rod is installed at the upper end of the threaded rod, and a positioning block is installed above the smooth rod via a bearing seat.

[0012] Preferably, the blower is equipped with an air inlet pipe, which is connected to the nozzle assembly, and the air inlet pipe has sufficient length within the outer casing.

[0013] The above structural design ensures that the air delivered by the blower can reach the nozzle assembly stably and efficiently. This allows the nozzle assembly to have a continuous and stable airflow when cleaning the filter assembly, enhancing the purging and cleaning effect, effectively blowing off dust and impurities such as ammonium bisulfate, ensuring the normal operation of the air preheater, and improving its anti-clogging performance.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing gasket is provided at the connection position between the outer shell and the multi-stage electric telescopic rod, the multi-stage electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the nozzle assembly, and the internal space volume of the storage box is larger than the volume of the nozzle assembly.

[0015] The above structural design ensures the stability of the nozzle assembly's movement, facilitates precise position control, and the large internal space of the storage box can fully accommodate the nozzle assembly, effectively protecting it, reducing its exposure to dust, and extending its service life.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting plate has a through hole, the center line of which coincides with the center line of the filter assembly. Connecting strips are installed on both the front and rear sides of the filter assembly, and the connecting strips are sleeved on the positioning screws. The connecting plate and the outer shell are detachably connected.

[0017] The above structural design facilitates quick and easy installation and disassembly of the filter assembly. The connecting plate is detachably connected to the outer casing, further reducing maintenance difficulty and making it easier to replace and repair the filter assembly, thus improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0018] Preferably, a handle is installed on the right side surface of the cleaning brush assembly, and the brush end of the cleaning brush assembly abuts against the filter assembly.

[0019] With the above structural design, when the handle is turned manually, it can effectively brush off the tightly attached impurities on the filter screen assembly. As a supplement to the automatic blowing and cleaning, it can further improve the cleaning effect, ensure the stable filtration performance of the filter screen assembly, and reduce the occurrence of clogging.

[0020] Preferably, the optical rod extends through the outer casing, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection point between the outer casing and the optical rod.

[0021] The above structural design ensures that the cleaning brush assembly can be adjusted up and down via the guide rod, while preventing dust from leaking through the gap between the guide rod and the outer casing. After the cleaning brush assembly is used, rotating the threaded rod moves the guide rod and positioning block upward to limit the cleaning brush assembly, ensuring its stable storage and preventing damage caused by accidental shaking.

[0022] Preferably, a guide rod is installed on the inner bottom surface of the outer casing, the guide rod passes through the positioning block, and the positioning block is slidably connected to the guide rod.

[0023] The above structural design provides a stable guide for the positioning block when the threaded rod rotates, ensuring that the positioning block drives the light rod and cleaning brush assembly to move smoothly up and down.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: the air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function:

[0025] 1. High-efficiency cleaning: Through the cooperation of blower, nozzle assembly and multi-stage electric telescopic rod, the filter assembly can be automatically blown and cleaned without disassembling the filter assembly, which greatly improves cleaning efficiency and saves maintenance time and labor costs. At the same time, the design of the cleaning brush assembly and handle makes it easy to manually clean stubborn stains, further improving the cleaning effect and ensuring the stable filtration performance of the filter assembly.

[0026] 2. Easy to maintain: The connecting plate is detachably connected to the outer shell, and the filter screen assembly is connected to the positioning screw through the connecting strip and fixed by the fixing nut. This structural design makes it easy to disassemble and replace the filter screen assembly when needed, reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0027] 3. Storage and protection: The storage box can store the nozzle assembly, preventing it from being contaminated when not in use, protecting the performance of the nozzle assembly, and extending its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall main structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall main structure of the outer shell of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate structure of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Air preheater body; 2. Outer shell; 3. First support frame; 4. Blower; 5. Storage box; 6. Multi-stage electric telescopic rod; 7. Nozzle assembly; 8. Air inlet pipe; 9. Connecting plate; 10. Through hole; 11. Positioning screw; 12. Fixing nut; 13. Filter assembly; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Cleaning brush assembly; 16. Handle; 17. Connecting strip; 18. Second support frame; 19. Threaded rod; 20. Smooth rod; 21. Positioning block; 22. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Please see Figures 1-6This utility model provides a technical solution: an air preheater for a coal-fired power plant with anti-clogging function, including an air preheater body 1, an outer shell 2, a first support frame 3, a blower 4, a storage box 5, a multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6, a nozzle assembly 7, an air inlet pipe 8, a connecting plate 9, a through hole 10, a positioning screw 11, a fixing nut 12, a filter assembly 13, a rotating shaft 14, a cleaning brush assembly 15, a handle 16, a connecting strip 17, a second support frame 18, a threaded rod 19, a smooth rod 20, a positioning block 21, and a guide rod 22. The outer shell 2 is installed on the right side of the air preheater body 1, and the first support frame 3 is installed on the top of the outer shell 2. The blower 4 is installed on the top of the outer shell 2, and an air inlet pipe 8 is installed on the blower 4. The air inlet pipe 8 is connected to the nozzle assembly 7. The air inlet pipe 8 has sufficient length inside the outer shell 2 to filter... When cleaning the filter assembly 13, the blower 4 is started. The blower 4 delivers outside air to the nozzle assembly 7 through the air inlet pipe 8. The air sprayed out by the nozzle assembly 7 backwashes the filter assembly 13, blowing off the dust and ammonium bisulfate on the filter assembly 13. A storage box 5 is installed on the inner top of the outer shell 2. The nozzle assembly 7 is installed below the first support frame 3 via a multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6. A sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the outer shell 2 and the multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6. The multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6 is fixedly connected to the nozzle assembly 7. The internal space of the storage box 5 is larger than the volume of the nozzle assembly 7. After the filter assembly 13 is cleaned, the multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6 is started. The multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6 moves the nozzle assembly 7 upward, so that the nozzle assembly 7 is stored inside the storage box 5, reducing the dust coverage of the nozzle assembly 7.

[0037] A connecting plate 9 is installed inside the outer casing 2. The connecting plate 9 has a through hole 10, the center line of which coincides with the center line of the filter assembly 13. Connecting strips 17 are installed on both the front and rear sides of the filter assembly 13, and these connecting strips 17 are sleeved onto the positioning screws 11. The connecting plate 9 is detachably connected to the outer casing 2. When installing the filter assembly 13, it is sleeved onto the positioning screws 11 via the connecting strips 17. After adjusting the position, the fixing nut 12 is tightened, facilitating the replacement of the filter assembly 13. The positioning screw 11 is installed on the right side of the connecting plate 9, and the positioning... A fixing nut 12 is installed on the screw 11. A filter screen assembly 13 is provided on the right side of the connecting plate 9. A rotating shaft 14 is installed on the middle right side of the filter screen assembly 13 through a bearing seat. A cleaning brush assembly 15 is installed on the rotating shaft 14. A handle 16 is installed on the right side surface of the cleaning brush assembly 15. The brush end of the cleaning brush assembly 15 abuts against the filter screen assembly 13. When cleaning the filter screen assembly 13, the cleaning brush assembly 15 is rotated around the rotating shaft 14 by rotating the handle 16. The brush end of the cleaning brush assembly 15 abuts against the filter screen assembly 13. The rotating brush can brush off the tightly attached impurities on the filter screen.

[0038] A second support frame 18 is mounted on the lower surface of the outer casing 2, and a threaded rod 19 is mounted on the second support frame 18. A smooth rod 20 is mounted on the upper end of the threaded rod 19, and the smooth rod 20 passes through the outer casing 2. A sealing gasket is provided at the connection position between the outer casing 2 and the smooth rod 20. After the cleaning brush assembly 15 is used, it is released, and the cleaning brush assembly 15 is in a vertical state under the action of gravity. Then, the threaded rod 19 is rotated, and the threaded rod 19 drives the smooth rod 20 to move upward, and the smooth rod 20 drives the positioning. Block 21 moves upward to abut against the cleaning brush assembly 15, thereby limiting the cleaning brush assembly 15. A positioning block 21 is installed above the polished rod 20 via a bearing seat. A guide rod 22 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the outer shell 2. The guide rod 22 passes through the positioning block 21. The positioning block 21 and the guide rod 22 are slidably connected. When the threaded rod 19 rotates, the positioning block 21, which is threadedly engaged with it, will move up and down along the guide rod 22. The guide rod 22 guides the up and down movement of the positioning block 21.

[0039] Working principle: When using this air preheater with anti-clogging function in a coal-fired power plant, firstly, when cleaning the filter assembly 13, the blower 4 is started. The blower 4 delivers outside air to the nozzle assembly 7 through the air inlet pipe 8. The air sprayed out by the nozzle assembly 7 backwashes the filter assembly 13, blowing off the dust and ammonium bisulfate on the filter assembly 13. After the filter assembly 13 is initially cleaned, the multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6 is started. The multi-stage electric telescopic rod 6 drives the nozzle assembly 7 to move upward, so that the nozzle assembly 7 is stored inside the storage box 5, reducing the dust coverage of the nozzle assembly 7. Then, by turning the handle 16, the cleaning brush assembly 15 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 14. The brush end of the cleaning brush assembly 15 abuts against the filter assembly 13. The rotating brush can brush off the tightly attached impurities on the filter. During operation, the operator needs to wear protective equipment.

[0040] After use, the cleaning brush assembly 15 is released, and under the influence of gravity, it remains vertical. Then, the threaded rod 19 is rotated, causing the smooth rod 20 to move upwards. The smooth rod 20 then moves the positioning block 21 upwards, abutting against the cleaning brush assembly 15 and thus limiting its position, completing the series of operations. Content not described in detail in this specification constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0041] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air preheater for a coal-fired power plant with anti-clogging function, comprising an air preheater body (1) and an outer shell (2), wherein the outer shell (2) is installed on the right side of the air preheater body (1), and a first support frame (3) is installed on the top of the outer shell (2), characterized in that: A blower (4) is installed on the top of the outer shell (2), a storage box (5) is installed on the inner top of the outer shell (2), and a nozzle assembly (7) is installed below the first support frame (3) via a multi-stage electric telescopic rod (6). A connecting plate (9) is installed inside the outer shell (2). A positioning screw (11) is installed on the right side of the connecting plate (9), and a fixing nut (12) is installed on the positioning screw (11). A filter screen assembly (13) is provided on the right side of the connecting plate (9). A rotating shaft (14) is installed in the middle right side of the filter screen assembly (13) through a bearing seat, and a cleaning brush assembly (15) is installed on the rotating shaft (14). A second support frame (18) is installed on the lower surface of the outer shell (2), and a threaded rod (19) is installed on the second support frame (18). A smooth rod (20) is installed at the upper end of the threaded rod (19), and a positioning block (21) is installed above the smooth rod (20) via a bearing seat.

2. The air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blower (4) is equipped with an air inlet pipe (8), which is connected to the nozzle assembly (7). The air inlet pipe (8) has sufficient length inside the outer casing (2).

3. The air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided at the connection position between the outer shell (2) and the multi-stage electric telescopic rod (6). The multi-stage electric telescopic rod (6) is fixedly connected to the nozzle assembly (7). The internal space volume of the storage box (5) is larger than the volume of the nozzle assembly (7).

4. The air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (9) has a through hole (10), the center line of the through hole (10) coincides with the center line of the filter assembly (13), and connecting strips (17) are installed on both the front and rear sides of the filter assembly (13). The connecting strips (17) are sleeved on the positioning screw (11), and the connecting plate (9) and the outer shell (2) are detachably connected.

5. The air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (16) is mounted on the right side surface of the cleaning brush assembly (15), and the brush end of the cleaning brush assembly (15) abuts against the filter assembly (13).

6. The air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light rod (20) passes through the outer shell (2), and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection position between the outer shell (2) and the light rod (20).

7. The air preheater for coal-fired power plants with anti-clogging function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rod (22) is installed on the inner bottom surface of the outer shell (2). The guide rod (22) passes through the positioning block (21), and the positioning block (21) is slidably connected to the guide rod (22).

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