Power supply capable of realizing rapid charging by adopting gallium nitride

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of small chargers, in particular to a power supply adopting gallium nitride to realize quick charging, which comprises a shell, a power connection plug and a charging jack, a circuit board is arranged in the shell, one end of the circuit board is electrically connected with the power connection plug, and the other end of the circuit board is electrically connected with the charging jack; the circuit board is provided with a voltage transformation mainboard, an input side small board and an output side small board, the voltage transformation mainboard is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side face of the shell, the input side small board and the output side small board are fixedly connected to the voltage transformation mainboard respectively and are electrically connected, and the input side small board and the output side small board face the inner wall of the end face of the shell respectively. In conclusion, the charging power supply can better control heating, heat concentration is avoided, and therefore stability and reliability of long-time high-power output are facilitated. In addition, the high-efficiency characteristic of gallium nitride is combined with a reasonable thermal management design, so that the requirement of a user for quick charging can be met, and meanwhile, the fault risk of equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of small chargers, and in particular to a power supply that uses gallium nitride to achieve fast charging. Background Technology

[0002] In the current technological context, gallium nitride (GaN) power supplies have attracted widespread attention due to their high efficiency and miniaturization. However, for high-power charging applications (e.g., power greater than 100 watts), although GaN technology can significantly reduce heat generation, it still faces the problem of heat accumulation because all heat-generating components are concentrated on a single motherboard. This design may cause the device to overheat during prolonged high-power output, thus affecting charging efficiency and device safety.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN218276111U discloses a gallium nitride multi-functional smart charger with an expansion port, including a multi-functional charger body and a fast charging board; the fast charging board is connected to the charger output port of the multi-functional charger body through the fast charging board input port, so that the fast charging board and the multi-functional charger are integrated into one unit.

[0004] As in the patented solution mentioned above, although an expansion port is used to expand functionality, the heat generation of the fast charging board itself is not optimistic, which is not conducive to the long-term operation of high-power charging power supplies.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve high-power charging power supplies so that they can operate in high-power mode for extended periods, thus optimizing usage scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, this utility model aims to provide a technical solution that can solve the above problems.

[0007] This utility model provides a power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride, comprising a housing, a plug on one end face of the housing for connecting external AC power, and a charging socket on at least the other end face for outputting DC power; a circuit board is provided inside the housing, one end of the circuit board is electrically connected to the plug, and the other end is electrically connected to the charging socket, converting external AC power into DC power; the circuit board comprises a transformer main board, an input side board, and an output side board, the transformer main board is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the housing, the input side board and the output side board are respectively fixed to the transformer main board and electrically connected, and the input side board and the output side board respectively face the inner wall of the end face of the housing.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the input side small board and the output side small board are respectively connected to the transformer main board in a perpendicular state.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, it also includes a socket board, which is fixedly connected to the transformer main board and forms an electrical connection, and the socket board faces the inner wall of the end face of the housing.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the socket plate is fixedly connected to the transformer main board in a vertical state.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the housing is provided with a first end face, a second end face, a third end face and a fourth end face, the power plug is fixed to the outer wall of the first end face, the input side plate faces the inner wall of the second end face, the socket plate faces the inner wall of the third end face, and the output side plate faces the inner wall of the fourth end face.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the transformer main board is provided with a transformer, a high-voltage filter capacitor, a main control chip and a filter inductor electrically connected to the transformer main board respectively. The main control chip is provided with a primary-side control module, a gallium nitride power transistor, an isolation module, a synchronous rectification control module and a charging protocol module.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the input side board is provided with a common mode inductor, a safety capacitor, a surface mount fuse and a rectifier bridge element respectively electrically connected to the input side board. The common mode inductor and the safety capacitor are respectively fixed to the side of the input side board facing the inside of the housing, and the surface mount fuse and the rectifier bridge element are respectively fixed to the side of the input side board facing the end face of the housing.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the output side small plate is provided with a field-effect transistor and a heat sink. The field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the output side small plate and is used to synchronously rectify the output DC power. The field-effect transistor and the heat sink are respectively fixed to the side of the output side small plate facing the end face of the housing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention optimizes the thermal management of the charging power supply through a rational structural layout. The transformer mainboard is fixed to one side of the inner wall of the housing, facilitating good contact between the heat-generating components and the housing, thereby enhancing heat dissipation efficiency. Simultaneously, the input-side and output-side small boards are fixed to the transformer mainboard in a vertical position, forming an electrical connection. This design allows the input-side and output-side small boards to face the inner wall of the housing's end face, contributing to effective heat dissipation and management.

[0017] The structural improvements described above enable the charging power supply to better control heat generation and avoid heat concentration, thereby improving the stability and reliability of long-term high-power output. Furthermore, the high efficiency of gallium nitride combined with a well-designed thermal management system gives this charging power supply a competitive edge in the market, meeting users' demands for fast charging while reducing the risk of device failure.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the input side small plate of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the output side plate of this utility model.

[0024] The reference numerals and names in the figure are as follows:

[0025] 10 Housing; 11 First end face; 12 Second end face; 13 Third end face; 14 Fourth end face; 15 Power connector; 20 Circuit board; 21 Transformer main board; 22 Transformer; 23 High voltage filter capacitor; 24 Main control chip; 25 Filter inductor; 30 Input side board; 31 Common mode inductor; 32 Safety capacitor; 33 Surface mount fuse; 34 Rectifier bridge component; 40 Output side board; 41 Field effect transistor; 42 Heat sink; 50 Socket board; 51 Charging socket. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment of the present invention, a power supply using gallium nitride for fast charging includes a housing 10. One end face of the housing 10 is provided with a power connector 15 for connecting external AC power; at least the other end face is provided with a charging socket 51 for outputting DC power. A circuit board 20 is provided inside the housing 10. One end of the circuit board 20 is electrically connected to the power connector 15, and the other end is electrically connected to the charging socket 51, converting external AC power into DC power. The circuit board 20 is provided with a transformer main board 21, an input side small board 30, and an output side small board 40. The transformer main board 21 is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the housing 10. The input side small board 30 and the output side small board 40 are respectively fixed to the transformer main board 21 and form an electrical connection, and the input side small board 30 and the output side small board 40 respectively face the inner wall of the end face of the housing 10.

[0028] Specifically, as the charging power of small electronic devices increases, the requirements for charging power supplies also become more demanding. For example, our company's D35 2C+1A gallium nitride fast charger already boasts a charging power of 140W. Understandably, with increased charging power, the heat generated by internal electronic components also increases, leading to a rapid rise in the overall internal temperature of the power supply, potentially affecting the normal operation of its internal electronic components. Over prolonged use, this can easily result in a decrease in charging power, a reduced lifespan of the power supply, and even the burnout of components. Therefore, the internal structural layout of high-power charging power supplies needs improvement.

[0029] Secondly, by disassembling the internal circuit board 20 of the power supply into multiple functional areas and arranging them on different small boards, heat accumulation is reduced, and the internal heat conduction path to the outside is optimized, further lowering the overall internal temperature of the power supply. This allows the charging power supply to better control heat generation and avoid heat concentration, thus contributing to the stability and reliability of long-term high-power output. Furthermore, the high efficiency of gallium nitride combined with a reasonable thermal management design gives this charging power supply a competitive advantage in the market, meeting users' needs for fast charging while reducing the risk of device failure.

[0030] Furthermore, to better optimize the connection between the small board and the transformer main board 21, and to improve heat conduction, preferably, the input-side small board 30 and the output-side small board 40 are connected to the transformer main board 21 in a vertical position. With this vertical connection, the relatively high-heat-generating rectifier bridge element 34 and the field-effect transistor 41 can be respectively mounted on two different small boards, aligned with the end faces of the housing 10, allowing the end faces to conduct internal heat outwards and reduce the internal temperature.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, preferably, it also includes a socket plate 50, which is fixed to the transformer main board 21 and forms an electrical connection, and the socket plate 50 faces the inner wall of the end face of the housing 10.

[0032] Specifically, the socket board 50 can also be fixed vertically to the transformer main board 21, making it easier to form parallel charging sockets 51 on the outside of the end face of the housing 10, thus improving its aesthetics. In addition, the vertical socket board 50 can also optimize its heat dissipation performance, allowing the heat from high-power transmission to be dissipated quickly.

[0033] Secondly, the charging port 51 can be set to a variety of existing charging ports 51, such as a USB-A port, a USB type-C port, etc.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the housing 10 has a first end face 11, a second end face 12, a third end face 13 and a fourth end face 14. The power connector 15 is fixed to the outer wall of the first end face 11. The input side plate 30 faces the inner wall of the second end face 12. The socket plate 50 faces the inner wall of the third end face 13. The output side plate 40 faces the inner wall of the fourth end face 14.

[0035] Specifically, the overall shape of the power supply housing 10 can be set as a thin tetrahedral shape. It has two larger sides and four relatively smaller end faces. The transformer 22, which generates the most heat, can be mounted on the transformer main board 21 and fixed to the inner wall of one of the sides, thus facilitating heat dissipation through the two sides. Regarding the four end faces, since the power connector 15 occupies one end face, and for user convenience, the charging socket 51 is preferably located on the end face opposite the power connector 15. Therefore, the remaining two end faces can be used to arrange the input-side small board 30 and the output-side small board 40, respectively, allowing the heat from the heating elements fixed to them to be conducted outwards through the end faces, reducing their temperature.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the transformer main board is provided with a transformer 22, a high-voltage filter capacitor 23, a main control chip 24 and a filter inductor 25 electrically connected to the transformer main board. The main control chip 24 is provided with a primary-side control module, a gallium nitride power module, an isolation module, a synchronous rectification control module and a charging protocol module.

[0037] Specifically, the primary-side control module, or primary-side control (PSC) power supply, is a switching power supply technology that uses information from the primary side of transformer 22 for feedback control. Its main characteristic is that it does not require feedback sampling on the secondary side of transformer 22; instead, it indirectly adjusts the stability of the output voltage by detecting and controlling the primary-side voltage or current. Gallium nitride (GaN) power modules, or gallium nitride field-effect transistors (GaN field-effect transistors), are a type of field-effect transistor based on gallium nitride and aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) materials. Due to the excellent heat dissipation performance, high breakdown electric field, and high saturation velocity of gallium nitride, GaN field-effect transistors have been widely used in high-power, high-frequency energy conversion and high-frequency microwave communication.

[0038] Secondly, isolation modules are a type of electronic device in existing technology, mainly used to solve the problems of signal isolation and signal conversion, in order to improve the stability and reliability of the device and ensure the accuracy and security of data transmission. This type of module can isolate noise and other interfering signals, thereby ensuring the accuracy, stability, and security of data transmission.

[0039] The synchronous rectification control module works by precisely controlling the turn-on and turn-off timing of the synchronous rectification MOSFETs to optimize the rectification process of the power supply system, thereby reducing power consumption and improving the efficiency of the power supply system. The synchronous rectification controller is the core of this type of control module; it monitors the output of the power supply system to ensure that the synchronous rectification MOSFETs turn on at the optimal time, thereby minimizing the on-state voltage drop.

[0040] The charging protocol module mainly includes the USB charging protocol module, which refers to the module component used to manage and control the charging process of USB devices. These modules typically include one or more charging management integrated circuits (Charge ICs) to implement specific charging protocols, such as the USB Power Delivery (PD) protocol. They may also include protection circuits such as output overvoltage protection, output overcurrent protection, and output short-circuit protection during the charging and discharging process.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, preferably, the input-side board 30 is provided with a common-mode inductor 31, a safety capacitor 32, a surface-mount fuse 33, and a rectifier bridge element 34, which are electrically connected to the input-side board 30 respectively. The common-mode inductor 31 and the safety capacitor 32 are respectively fixed to the side of the input-side board 30 facing the inside of the housing 10, and the surface-mount fuse 33 and the rectifier bridge element 34 are respectively fixed to the side of the input-side board 30 facing the end face of the housing 10.

[0042] Specifically, the common-mode inductor 31 can be a double-wire wound type as used in existing technologies, mainly used to filter out EMI interference. The safety capacitor 32 can be an X2 capacitor from existing products, with a capacitance of 0.1μF, used to suppress power supply electromagnetic interference. It typically uses a high-polymer polypropylene film dielectric, thickened metallized electrodes, and a fully automated spray welding process, and features high voltage withstand capability and strong transient pulse voltage withstand capability. The rectifier bridge element 34 can be a fast recovery rectifier bridge from existing technologies, with specifications set to 8A, 1000V.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the output side plate 40 is provided with a field-effect transistor 41 and a heat sink 42. The field-effect transistor 41 is electrically connected to the output side plate 40 and is used to synchronously rectify the output DC power. The field-effect transistor 41 and the heat sink 42 are respectively fixed to the side of the output side plate 40 facing the end face of the housing 10.

[0044] Specifically, the heat sink 42 is mainly used to dissipate the heat generated by the field-effect transistor 41. Therefore, it can be fixed to the side of the output-side small plate 40 facing the housing 10, that is, facing the outside of the power supply housing 10, so that it can easily dissipate heat to the outside of the power supply housing 10. In addition, it is preferable to use a copper heat sink to enhance its heat dissipation performance.

[0045] Secondly, the field-effect transistor 41 can be a synchronous rectifier transistor in the prior art, which will have a smaller voltage drop across its two ends, greatly improving the efficiency of the low-voltage DC power supply.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

Claims

1. A power supply that uses gallium nitride for fast charging, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (10), one end of which is provided with a power plug (15) for connecting to external AC power; at least the other end is provided with a charging socket (51) for outputting DC power; a circuit board (20) is provided inside the housing (10), one end of which is electrically connected to the power plug (15) and the other end is electrically connected to the charging socket (51), and converts external AC power into DC power; the circuit board (20) is provided with a transformer main board (21), an input side small board (30) and an output side small board (40), the transformer main board (21) is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the housing (10), the input side small board (30) and the output side small board (40) are respectively fixed to the transformer main board (21) and form an electrical connection, and the input side small board (30) and the output side small board (40) face the inner wall of the end face of the housing (10).

2. The power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input side board (30) and the output side board (40) are respectively connected to the transformer main board (21) in a vertical state.

3. The power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a socket board (50), which is fixed to the transformer main board (21) and forms an electrical connection, and the socket board (50) faces the inner wall of the end face of the housing (10).

4. A power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 3, characterized in that, The socket plate (50) is fixed to the transformer main board (21) in a vertical position.

5. A power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing (10) has a first end face (11), a second end face (12), a third end face (13) and a fourth end face (14). The power plug (15) is fixed to the outer wall of the first end face (11). The input side plate (30) faces the inner wall of the second end face (12), the socket plate (50) faces the inner wall of the third end face (13), and the output side plate (40) faces the inner wall of the fourth end face (14).

6. A power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer main board (21) is provided with a transformer (22), a high voltage filter capacitor (23), a main control chip (24) and a filter inductor (25) respectively electrically connected to the transformer main board (21). The main control chip (24) is provided with a primary side control module, a gallium nitride power transistor, an isolation module, a synchronous rectification control module and a charging protocol module.

7. A power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input side board (30) is provided with a common mode inductor (31), a safety capacitor (32), a surface mount fuse (33), and a rectifier bridge element (34) electrically connected to the input side board (30). The common mode inductor (31) and the safety capacitor (32) are respectively fixed to the side of the input side board (30) facing the inside of the housing (10), and the surface mount fuse (33) and the rectifier bridge element (34) are respectively fixed to the side of the input side board (30) facing the end face of the housing (10).

8. A power supply for fast charging using gallium nitride according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output side plate (40) is provided with a field-effect transistor (41) and a heat sink (42). The field-effect transistor (41) is electrically connected to the output side plate (40) and is used to synchronously rectify the output DC power. The field-effect transistor (41) and the heat sink (42) are respectively fixed to the side of the output side plate (40) facing the end face of the housing (10).

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