Height-adaptive corn castration machine head unit

Abstract

The utility model provides a height self-adaptive corn castration machine head unit, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and comprises a castration support and a control module, two castration discs are fixedly mounted on the castration support, the castration support comprises a support hydraulic cylinder and a light sensation support rod hydraulic cylinder, a reflector mechanism and a light sensation probe mechanism are further arranged at the front end of the castration support, and the light sensation support rod hydraulic cylinder is connected with the control module. The light sensing probe mechanism can detect the height of corn tassels and send a signal to the control module, and the control module automatically adjusts the height of the castration disc by controlling stretching and retracting of the support hydraulic cylinder. The light sensing probe can measure the height of the corn tassels and send signals to the control module, the control module adjusts the relative height of the castration roller and the corn tassels by controlling stretching and retracting of the support hydraulic cylinder, and therefore castration operation of the corn tassels with different heights in different areas can be conveniently achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a height self-adaptive corn detasseling machine head unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] When performing cross-pollination of different varieties of corn, the tassels of selected corn plants need to be removed, and only female flowers are left so as to use pollen from other varieties to pollinate them.

[0003] The traditional detasseling method is to manually pull out the tassels. With the development of technology, a mechanical detasseling machine has been developed to remove the tassels from corn seed plants. However, the existing detasseling machines generally have adaptability problems. The plant height, stem thickness, tassel size and position of different varieties of corn are different, and the existing detasseling machines are difficult to meet the diversified needs. The detasseling effect is also a problem. Some detasseling machines are difficult to accurately remove the tassels. The efficiency is also a problem. The detasseling machine works slowly, and the driving mechanism runs at a constant speed, which is difficult to complete large-area operation in a short time. When the vehicle runs at low speed, the roller may easily damage the leaves. When the vehicle runs at high speed, the speed mismatch may affect the clean rate. The photoelectric detection mechanism may be disturbed during the period of strong light, which may easily cause misoperation.

[0004] The utility model patent with the patent number CN222284231U discloses a semi-automatic detasseling device for corn breeding. The device is provided with a clamping assembly. The two push rods are driven to move by the sliding plate. The two push rods drive the clamping ring to clamp and fix the tassels through a plurality of moving rods, so that the tassels can be stably clamped. However, the heights of the tassels of corn plants are different. When the device performs detasseling operation, the height can only be manually adjusted, which is inconvenient to operate, has low detasseling efficiency and low clean rate. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a height self-adaptive corn detasseling machine head unit.

[0006] The utility model discloses a height self-adaptive corn detasseling machine head unit, including detasseling support and control module, two detasseling discs are fixedly installed on the detasseling support, the detasseling support includes support hydraulic cylinder and photosensitive support hydraulic cylinder, the detasseling support front end is equipped with still more light board mechanism and photosensitive probe mechanism, photosensitive probe mechanism can detect the height of corn tassel and send signal to control module, control module passes through the telescopic of control support hydraulic cylinder, the height of detasseling disc is automatically adjusted;

[0007] Further, the detasseling support includes a support base, one end of the support base is fixedly installed on the detasseling machine, and the other end is fixedly installed with a support vertical plate. The support vertical plate is movably installed with a support upper connecting rod, a support lower connecting rod and a support hydraulic cylinder from top to bottom through a pin shaft.

[0008] Further, the cylinder barrel part of the support hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the support vertical plate, the hydraulic rod part is movably connected with the support lower connecting rod through a pin, and the other end of the support upper connecting rod and the support lower connecting rod is movably connected with the connecting rod vertical plate through a pin;

[0009] Further, the other side of the upper part of the connecting rod vertical plate is movably provided with a light sensing support hydraulic cylinder through a pin, the middle part of the connecting rod vertical plate is movably provided with a light sensing support through a pin, the hydraulic rod of the light sensing support hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the middle part of the light sensing support through a pin, and the lower part of the connecting rod vertical plate is fixedly provided with a first emasculation disc mounting rod and a second emasculation disc mounting rod;

[0010] Further, the end of the light sensing support is fixedly provided with a light sensing support beam, one end of the light sensing support beam is fixedly provided with a reflector plate mechanism, and the other end is fixedly provided with a light sensing probe mechanism;

[0011] Further, the emasculation disc includes an emasculation disc support plate, the upper part of the front end of the emasculation disc support plate is fixedly provided with a blade motor, the output shaft of the blade motor extends out of the emasculation disc support plate from below, the output shaft is fixedly provided with an emasculation disc blade, the lower part of the emasculation disc support plate is provided with an emasculation disc lower support, and the emasculation disc lower support is fixedly provided with an emasculation disc guide plate;

[0012] Further, the upper part of the rear end of the emasculation disc support plate is fixedly provided with a roller motor, and the lower part is fixedly provided with a pair of rollers, one of which is a driving roller and can be driven to rotate by the roller motor, and the other roller is reversely moved under the friction force of the driving roller;

[0013] Further, the rear end of the emasculation disc support plate is fixedly provided with an emasculation disc mounting base for fixing the emasculation disc on the first emasculation disc mounting rod and the second emasculation disc mounting rod, and the lower part of the rear end of the emasculation disc support plate is fixedly provided with a guide plate mounting rod, and the end of the guide plate mounting rod is fixedly provided with a roller guide plate;

[0014] Further, the reflector plate mechanism includes a reflector plate support leg, the end of the reflector plate support leg is fixedly provided with a reflector plate base, and a plurality of reflector plates are fixedly provided on the reflector plate base;

[0015] Further, the light sensing probe mechanism includes a light sensing support leg, the end of the light sensing support leg is fixedly provided with a light sensing mounting box, a light sensing baffle is detachably provided at the opening of the light sensing mounting box, a plurality of light sensing through holes are provided on the light sensing baffle, optical filters are mounted on the light sensing through holes, a plurality of light sensing probe mounting seats are mounted in the light sensing mounting box at positions corresponding to the light sensing through holes, light sensing probes are detachably mounted on the light sensing probe mounting seats, and a light emitter and a light receiver are simultaneously provided in the light sensing probe.

[0016] The light sensing probe can measure the height of the corn tassel, sends a signal to the control module, the control module adjusts the relative height of the emasculation roller and the corn tassel by controlling the extension and retraction of the support hydraulic cylinder, thereby conveniently realizing the emasculation operation of the corn tassel with different heights in different regions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the overall structure isometric view of the utility model

[0018] Figure 2 It is the overall structure side view of the utility model

[0019] Figure 3 It is the overall structure top view of the utility model

[0020] Figure 4 It is the emasculation lifting electric proportional control hydraulic system of the utility model

[0021] Figure 5 It is the emasculation roller driving motor control hydraulic system of the utility model

[0022] Figure 6 It is the overall structure isometric view of the emasculation support

[0023] Figure 7 It is the emasculation machine cutting head isometric view

[0024] Figure 8 It is the relative position diagram of emasculation disc guide plate, emasculation disc blade and roller

[0025] Figure 9 It is the structure diagram of the reflector plate mechanism

[0026] Figure 10 It is the structure diagram of the light sensing probe mechanism

[0027] Figure 11 It is the position relation diagram of the light sensing probe mechanism and the roller when the utility model works

[0028] Figure 12 It is the position diagram of the tassel top end being higher than the light sensing probe mechanism when the utility model works

[0029] Figure 13 It is the position relation diagram of the light sensing probe mechanism and the roller after the height of the utility model is automatically raised and the tassel

[0030] Figure 14 It is the position diagram of the tassel top end being lower than the light sensing probe mechanism when the utility model works

[0031] Figure 15The diagram shows the positional relationship between the photosensitive probe mechanism and the roller of this invention and the male ear after the height is automatically lowered.

[0032] In the diagram: 1-Demascler support, 101-Support base, 102-Support upright plate, 103-Support hydraulic cylinder, 104-Upper connecting rod of the support, 105-Lower connecting rod of the support, 106-Connecting rod upright plate, 107-Hydraulic cylinder of the light sensor support rod, 108-First demascler plate mounting rod, 109-Second demascler plate mounting rod, 110-Light sensor support rod, 111-Light sensor support beam, 112-Reflector mechanism, 112a-Reflector support leg, 112b-Reflector 112c - Reflector base; 113 - Light sensor mechanism; 113a - Light sensor leg; 113b - Light sensor mounting box; 113c - Light sensor baffle; 113d - Light sensor through hole; 113e - Light sensor; 113f - Light sensor mounting base; 2 - Demand plate; 201 - Roller guide plate; 202 - Guide plate mounting rod; 203 - Demand plate mounting base; 204 - Roller motor; 205 - Roller shaft; 206 - Roller; 207 - Demand plate support plate; 208 - Blade motor; 209 - Demand plate blade; 210 - Demand plate lower bracket; 211 - Demand plate guide plate Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a height-adaptive corn detasseling machine head unit includes a detasseling support 1, on which two detasseling discs 2 are fixedly installed. Each detasseling disc 2 can perform detasseling operations on a cornfield of one row width. The present invention also includes a control module 3 (not shown), which includes a detasseling disc lifting electro-proportional control hydraulic system and a detasseling disc motor control hydraulic system.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the proportional control hydraulic system for lifting the hydraulic disc consists of a hydraulic power source, an unloading valve assembly, a proportional valve assembly, and a hydraulic cylinder. The proportional valve and the relief valve form a throttling speed control system. By adjusting the current of the proportional electromagnet, the valve opening is changed, precisely controlling the flow rate to regulate the lifting speed of the cylinder. A three-position four-way directional valve with a Y-type center position function is selected, working in conjunction with a hydraulic lock to achieve cylinder position locking, ensuring operational stability. The proportional valve receives PWM signals from the controller and dynamically adjusts the valve flow parameters, enabling the system to adapt to changes in vehicle speed and response requirements.

[0036] As shown in Figure 5 , the de-male disk motor control hydraulic system adopts a load-sensitive pump with pressure compensation, integrates pressure cut-off function to avoid external overflow valve, and realizes single motor flow control through load pressure feedback to adjust pump displacement. The flow compensation regulating valve adopts post-valve compensation design, maintains constant output flow through pressure compensator when external load fluctuates, and makes multiple motor flows be distributed in proportion to valve core opening.

[0037] As shown in Figure 6 , the de-male support 1 includes a support base 101, one end of which is fixedly installed on the de-male machine through bolts, and the other end of which is fixedly installed with a support vertical plate 102 through bolts. The support vertical plate 102 is movably installed with a support upper connecting rod 104, a support lower connecting rod 105, and a support hydraulic cylinder 103 from top to bottom through pin shafts. The cylinder part of the support hydraulic cylinder 103 is movably connected with the support vertical plate 102, and the hydraulic rod part is movably connected with the support lower connecting rod 105 through a pin shaft. The other end of the support upper connecting rod 104 and the support lower connecting rod 105 is movably connected with a connecting rod vertical plate 106 through a pin shaft.

[0038] The support vertical plate 102, the support upper connecting rod 104, the support lower connecting rod 105, and the connecting rod vertical plate 106 form a movable four-connecting rod mechanism. When the support hydraulic cylinder 103 is retracted, the connecting rod vertical plate 106 is raised. When the support hydraulic cylinder is elongated, the height of the connecting rod vertical plate 106 is lowered.

[0039] The other side of the connecting rod vertical plate 106 is movably installed with a light sensing support hydraulic cylinder 107 through a pin shaft, and the middle part of the connecting rod vertical plate 106 is movably installed with a light sensing support 110 through a pin shaft. The hydraulic rod of the light sensing support hydraulic cylinder 107 is movably connected with the middle part of the light sensing support 110 through a pin shaft. The lower part of the connecting rod vertical plate 106 is fixedly installed with a first de-male disk installation rod 108 and a second de-male disk installation rod 109, which are respectively used for installing two de-male disks 2. The end of the light sensing support 110 is fixedly installed with a light sensing support beam 111. One end of the light sensing support beam 111 is fixedly installed with a reflector plate mechanism 112, and the other end is fixedly installed with a light sensing probe mechanism 113.

[0040] When the light sensing support hydraulic cylinder 107 is retracted, the end of the light sensing support 110 is raised, and the reflector plate mechanism 112 and the light sensing probe mechanism 113 are raised. When the light sensing support hydraulic cylinder 107 is elongated, the height of the end of the light sensing support 110 is lowered, and the height of the reflector plate mechanism 112 and the light sensing probe mechanism 113 is lowered.

[0041] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the emasculation disc 2 includes an emasculation disc support plate 207, a blade motor 208 is fixedly installed on the upper front end of the emasculation disc support plate 207, the output shaft of the blade motor 208 extends out of the emasculation disc support plate 207 from below, and the output shaft is fixedly installed with an emasculation disc blade 209; the lower part of the emasculation disc support plate 207 is provided with an emasculation disc lower support 210, and the emasculation disc lower support 210 is fixedly installed with an emasculation disc guide plate 211; two roller motors 204 are fixedly installed on the upper rear end of the emasculation disc support plate 207, two roller wheels 206 are fixedly installed on the lower part, the rotating shafts 205 of the two roller wheels 206 are connected with the output shafts of the two roller motors 204 respectively, the roller motor 204 can drive the roller wheel 206 to rotate, and when the emasculation operation is performed, the two roller wheels 206 rotate in opposite directions; an emasculation disc mounting base 203 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the emasculation disc support plate 207, and is used for fixing and mounting the emasculation disc 2 on the first emasculation disc mounting rod 108 and the second emasculation disc mounting rod 109; a guide plate mounting rod 202 is fixedly installed below the rear end of the emasculation disc support plate 207, and a roller guide plate 201 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide plate mounting rod 202.

[0042] As shown in the figure, Figure 9 The light-reflecting plate mechanism 112 includes a light-reflecting plate support leg 112a, a light-reflecting plate base 112c is fixedly installed at the end of the light-reflecting plate support leg 112a, and a plurality of light-reflecting plates 112b are fixedly installed on the light-reflecting plate base 112c.

[0043] As shown in the figure, Figure 10 The light-sensing probe mechanism 113 includes a light-sensing support leg 113a, a light-sensing mounting box 113b is fixedly installed at the end of the light-sensing support leg 113a, a light-sensing baffle 113c is detachably installed at the opening of the light-sensing mounting box 113b, a plurality of light-sensing through holes 113d are arranged on the light-sensing baffle 113c, optical filters are arranged on the light-sensing through holes 113d, a plurality of light-sensing probe mounting seats 113f are arranged in the light-sensing mounting box 113b and correspond to the light-sensing through holes 113d, and light-sensing probes 113e are detachably installed on the light-sensing probe mounting seats 113f.

[0044] When working, the emitter of the light-sensing probe 113e emits light, the light is reflected after reaching the opposite light-reflecting plate 112b, the reflected light penetrates the optical filters arranged on the light-sensing through holes 113d, and is received by the light receiver of the light-sensing probe 113e. The optical filters only allow light of the same wavelength as the light emitted by the light emitter to pass through, thereby greatly reducing the influence of environmental light on the light-sensing receiver.

[0045] When performing the emasculation operation, first, the light-sensing support leg hydraulic cylinder 107 is controlled, the relative height of the light-sensing probe mechanism 113 and the roller wheel 206 is adjusted to become Figure 11 .

[0046] If the relative position of the light sensing probe mechanism 113 and the tassel is as shown in the figure, the light emitted by the A point light sensing probe is blocked, the light sensing probe sends a signal to the control module 3, the control module 3 controls the support hydraulic cylinder 103 to contract, so that the light sensing probe mechanism 113 and the roller 206 are raised at the same time. Figure 12 When raised to the position shown in the figure, the light emitted by the A point light sensing probe is not blocked, that is, just above the top point H of the tassel, at this time the control module 3 receives a signal, the support hydraulic cylinder 103 stops contracting, and the height of the roller 206 can just perform the detasseling operation on the tassel. Figure 13 If the relative position of the light sensing probe mechanism 113 and the tassel is as shown in the figure, the light emitted by the A point light sensing probe is blocked, the light sensing probe sends a signal to the control module 3, the control module 3 controls the support hydraulic cylinder 103 to contract, so that the light sensing probe mechanism 113 and the roller 206 are raised at the same time.

[0047] When raised to the position shown in the figure, the light emitted by the A point light sensing probe is not blocked, that is, just above the top point H of the tassel, at this time the control module 3 receives a signal, the support hydraulic cylinder 103 stops contracting, and the height of the roller 206 can just perform the detasseling operation on the tassel. Figure 14 Figure 15 If the relative position of the light sensing probe mechanism 113 and the tassel is as shown in the figure, the light emitted by the A point light sensing probe is blocked, the light sensing probe sends a signal to the control module 3, the control module 3 controls the support hydraulic cylinder 103 to contract, so that the light sensing probe mechanism 113 and the roller 206 are raised at the same time.

[0048] The light sensing probe 113e can be freely installed in the A, B, C and D four light sensing probe mounting seats to adapt to different regions and different types of tassel heights.

[0049] Through the above steps, the detasseling machine head unit of the utility model can conveniently perform the detasseling operation on different height corn tassels in different regions.

[0050] It can be understood that the utility model is described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art know that various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.In addition, under the guidance of the utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific conditions and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.Therefore, the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present application belong to the scope protected by the utility model.​

Claims

1. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit, comprising a detasseling support (1) and a module (3), two detasseling discs (2) are fixedly installed on the detasseling support (1), the detasseling support (1) comprises a support hydraulic cylinder (103) and a light sensing support rod hydraulic cylinder (107), characterized in that, The front end of the detasseling support (1) is further provided with a light plate mechanism (112) and a light sensing probe mechanism (113). The light sensing probe mechanism (113) can detect the height of the tassel of the corn and send a signal to the module (3). The module (3) controls the extension and retraction of the support hydraulic cylinder (103) to automatically adjust the height of the detasseling disc (2).

2. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 1, wherein, The detasseling support (1) comprises a support base (101) fixedly installed at one end of the detasseling machine and fixedly installed with a support vertical plate (102) at the other end. The support vertical plate (102) is movably installed with a support upper connecting rod (104), a support lower connecting rod (105) and a support hydraulic cylinder (103) from top to bottom through a pin shaft.

3. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 2, wherein, The cylinder part of the support hydraulic cylinder (103) is movably connected with the support vertical plate (102), and the hydraulic rod part is movably connected with the support lower connecting rod (105) through a pin shaft. The other end of the support upper connecting rod (104) and the support lower connecting rod (105) is movably connected with a connecting rod vertical plate (106) through a pin shaft.

4. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 3, wherein, The other side of the connecting rod vertical plate (106) is movably installed with a light sensing support rod hydraulic cylinder (107) through a pin shaft at the upper part. The middle part of the connecting rod vertical plate (106) is movably installed with a light sensing support rod (110) through a pin shaft. The hydraulic rod of the light sensing support rod hydraulic cylinder (107) is movably connected with the middle part of the light sensing support rod (110) through a pin shaft. The lower part of the connecting rod vertical plate (106) is fixedly installed with a first detasseling disc mounting rod (108) and a second detasseling disc mounting rod (109).

5. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 4, wherein, The end of the light sensing support rod (110) is fixedly installed with a light sensing support beam (111). One end of the light sensing support beam (111) is fixedly installed with a light plate mechanism (112), and the other end is fixedly installed with a light sensing probe mechanism (113).

6. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 1 wherein, The detasseling disc (2) comprises a detasseling disc support plate (207). The upper part of the front end of the detasseling disc support plate (207) is fixedly installed with a blade motor (208). The output shaft of the blade motor (208) extends out of the detasseling disc support plate (207) from below. The output shaft is fixedly installed with a detasseling disc blade (209). The lower part of the detasseling disc support plate (207) is provided with a detasseling disc lower support (210). The detasseling disc lower support (210) is fixedly installed with a detasseling disc guide plate (211).

7. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 6, wherein, The upper part of the rear end of the detasseling disc support plate (207) is fixedly installed with a roller motor (204). The lower part is fixedly installed with a pair of rollers (206). One of the rollers acts as a driving roller and can be driven to rotate by the roller motor (204). The other roller is driven by the friction force of the driving roller and moves in the opposite direction of the driving roller.

8. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 7, wherein, The rear end of the detasseling disc support plate (207) is fixedly provided with a detasseling disc mounting base (203) for fixedly mounting the detasseling disc (2) on the first detasseling disc mounting rod (108) and the second detasseling disc mounting rod (109). The lower part of the rear end of the detasseling disc support plate (207) is fixedly installed with a guide plate mounting rod (202). The end of the guide plate mounting rod (202) is fixedly installed with a roller guide plate (201).

9. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 5 wherein, The light-reflecting plate mechanism (112) comprises light-reflecting plate legs (112a), the ends of which are fixedly installed with light-reflecting plate bases (112c), and the light-reflecting plate bases (112c) are fixedly installed with a plurality of light-reflecting plates (112b).

10. A highly adaptive corn detasseling head unit according to claim 9, wherein, The light-sensing probe mechanism (113) comprises light-sensing legs (113a), the ends of which are fixedly installed with light-sensing installation boxes (113b), and the light-sensing installation boxes (113b) are detachably installed with light-sensing baffles (113c) at the openings, the light-sensing baffles (113c) are provided with a plurality of light-sensing through holes (113d), the light-sensing through holes (113d) are installed with optical filters, the light-sensing installation boxes (113b) are installed with a plurality of light-sensing probe installation seats (113f) at the positions corresponding to the light-sensing through holes (113d), the light-sensing probe installation seats (113f) are detachably installed with light-sensing probes (113e), and the light-sensing probes (113e) are simultaneously provided with light emitters and light receivers.

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