Internal heating type reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an internal heating type reactor. The internal heating type reactor comprises a reactor shell, the reactor shell is provided with a feed port and a discharge port; an opening is formed in the side wall of the reactor shell; a dismounting plate matched with the opening is arranged at the opening; a heating mechanism is arranged on the inner side wall of the dismounting plate; the heating mechanism is located between the feeding port and the discharging port. The reactor is simple in structure and high in practicability, the heating mechanism is positioned in the reactor cavity, the heat efficiency is improved, particularly, the disassembly of the heating mechanism and the cleaning of the interior of the reactor are facilitated by arranging the disassembly plate, and the technical prejudice that the heating mechanism cannot be arranged in the reactor cavity in the prior art is overcome.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrode material production equipment, and particularly relates to an internal heating type reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Silicon-carbon negative electrode material is a kind of negative electrode material composed of carbon and silicon, and the content of silicon is generally between 5% and 40%. Compared with traditional carbon negative electrode material, silicon-carbon negative electrode material has higher energy density and longer life, so it has received extensive attention.

[0003] There are many methods for preparing silicon-carbon negative electrode material, mainly including physical mixing method, chemical vapor deposition method, sol-gel method, wet chemical synthesis method and in-situ polymerization method. For chemical vapor deposition process to produce silicon-carbon negative electrode material, a fluidized bed reactor is usually used to deposit silane on porous carbon, and then a layer of carbon is wrapped on the surface to buffer the volume change during charging and discharging process, improve the cycle stability and enhance the conductivity of the material. The heating mechanism of the existing fluidized bed reactor used in production is generally located on the outside of the reactor shell, and the inside of the reactor is heated by its heat radiation. The above method has the problem of low thermal efficiency. If the installation position of the heating pipe is adjusted to the inside of the reactor shell, the problem can be solved, but at the same time, the problem of silicon deposition on the heating pipe will be caused, which will affect the use effect of the heating pipe. Therefore, the person skilled in the art believes that the heating pipe cannot be arranged in the reactor shell. Therefore, in view of the above problems and technical needs, it is necessary to improve the existing fluidized bed reactor. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the utility model aims at providing an internal heating type reactor, which has simple structure and strong practicability. The heating mechanism is located in the reactor cavity, which improves the thermal efficiency. Especially by setting the dismounting plate, the dismounting and cleaning of the inside of the reactor are facilitated, and the technical prejudice that the heating mechanism cannot be arranged in the reactor cavity in the prior art is overcome.

[0005] The utility model solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0006] An internal heating type reactor, comprising a reactor shell, the reactor shell is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, the side wall of the reactor shell is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with a dismounting plate matched with the opening, the inner side wall of the dismounting plate is provided with a heating mechanism, and the heating mechanism is located between the feeding port and the discharging port.

[0007] In this invention, the heating mechanism is located inside the reactor cavity, which improves thermal efficiency. The addition of a disassembly plate facilitates the disassembly of the heating mechanism and cleaning of the reactor interior. In practical applications, when excessive silicon accumulates on the heating mechanism, it can be directly replaced with a new one. The replaced heating mechanism can then be used in fields or equipment with lower heating requirements.

[0008] Preferably, the opening is provided with a mounting plate; the mounting plate is located on the outer wall of the reactor shell; the disassembly plate is provided with a fixing plate; the fixing plate is located on the outer wall of the disassembly plate. More preferably, the mounting plate and the reactor shell are an integral structure; the fixing plate and the disassembly plate are an integral structure. The mounting plate or fixing plate is used to facilitate the installation of the disassembly plate. The mounting plate is located on the outer wall of the reactor shell, or the fixing plate is located on the outer wall of the disassembly plate, to prevent dust accumulation inside the reactor cavity. In practical applications, the mounting plate or fixing plate can be provided alone, or both can be provided; preferably both are provided, with the mounting plate connected to the fixing plate.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the reactor shell is provided with a cavity; the cavity is provided with a gas inlet; and the disassembly plate is located inside the cavity. In actual production, the inert gas required for the silicon-carbon reaction can be introduced into the cavity through the gas inlet, which further ensures the stability of the atmosphere inside the device without affecting its operation.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of openings can be one or more. In practical applications, the number of disassembly plates is the same as the number of openings.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of heating mechanisms can be one or more. In practical applications, one or more heating mechanisms, or one or more heating tubes within a single heating mechanism, can be mounted on a single disassembly plate, as required.

[0012] Preferably, each heating mechanism includes a first heating element, a second heating element, and a third heating element arranged sequentially from bottom to top. In actual production, the temperature of the heating elements is adjusted as needed.

[0013] Furthermore, the first heating element, the second heating element, and the third heating element are either separate structures or a single integrated structure. More preferably, the first heating element, the second heating element, and the third heating element are separate structures. When the first heating element, the second heating element, and the third heating element are separate structures, individual temperature control of each heating element can be achieved, thereby meeting different process requirements.

[0014] As preferred, when the first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are integrated, the outer wall of the second heating pipe is provided with a heat insulation layer. For carbon negative electrode material, when the first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are integrated, the outer wall of the second heating pipe is provided with a heat insulation layer, the temperature of the second heating pipe area is lower than that of the first heating pipe and the third heating pipe area, which is beneficial to the silane cracking reaction, improves the deposition efficiency and the utilization rate of silane. The first heating pipe preheats the silane to the deposition temperature to support the subsequent silane cracking reaction; the second heating pipe area is where the silane is cracked and deposited on the porous carbon; the third heating pipe continues to heat the silane to promote the reaction of the uncracked silane. Since the silane cracking is an exothermic reaction, it will release heat to the surrounding environment, causing the local temperature to rise. By providing a heat insulation layer, the temperature of each area in the reactor cavity is equivalent, reducing the problem of local overheating and avoiding the influence of high temperature on the silane deposition effect; as the bed height rises, the concentration of silane will decrease, and the third heating pipe continues to heat the silane, which can promote the reaction of the uncracked silane.

[0015] Further, the bottom of the reactor shell is provided with a stirring device. The stirring device is used to stir the porous carbon and maintain its fluidized state to prevent agglomeration. In actual application, the stirring device can be a stirring blade or other conventional stirring device as long as it can stir the porous carbon without affecting the realization of the technical effects of the utility model.

[0016] As common sense, the internal heating reactor has the basic components and structure of a conventional reactor, such as a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a function port, which includes a temperature measuring port, a pressure measuring port, and a safety valve port. The gas inlet is used to supply gas to the reactor cavity; the gas outlet is used to discharge the tail gas produced during production. Conventionally, to prevent the powder in the reactor from flowing out, a filter element is provided in the gas outlet. In actual production, the gas outlet is backblown at intervals to prevent the filter element from being blocked. The temperature measuring port is used to monitor the temperature of different areas inside the reactor in real time, and the temperature of the heating pipe is adjusted according to the temperature to ensure uniform heating of the material and effective management and optimization of the silane cracking reaction. The pressure measuring port is used to monitor the pressure of different areas inside the reactor in real time, and the gas flow is adjusted according to the pressure to ensure that the pressure inside the reactor remains stable to maintain a good fluidized state. When the pressure in the reactor cavity is too high, the gas can be released through the safety valve port.

[0017] Due to the use of the above technical scheme, the utility model has the beneficial effects of the prior art: the utility model sets the heating mechanism in the reactor cavity by setting a detachable plate, which improves the thermal efficiency and facilitates the disassembly and cleaning of the reactor interior, overcoming the technical prejudice of the prior art that the heating mechanism cannot be set in the reactor cavity; by setting a cavity, gas can be introduced into the cavity during actual production to further ensure the stability of the atmosphere inside the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internally heated reactor in Example 1.

[0019] Fig. 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting plate and fixing plate in Embodiment 1.

[0020] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internally heated reactor in Example 2.

[0021] Fig. 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internally heated reactor in Example 3.

[0022] The components include: reactor shell 1, feed inlet 2, discharge outlet 3, disassembly plate 4, heating mechanism 5, mounting plate 6, fixing plate 7, cavity 8, gas inlet 9, stirring device 10, air inlet 11, air outlet 12, temperature measuring port 13, pressure measuring port 14, safety valve port 15, first heating tube 501, second heating tube 502, and third heating tube 503. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific components involved are prior art, and the specific components are provided with conventional mounting holes. The connection and usage methods between the specific components are conventional technologies.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. For example, the terms “upper,” “lower,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” etc., indicate the orientation or position based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings and are only for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution.

[0025] The raw materials used in this invention are existing products that meet the conventional requirements for silicon-carbon anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The specific preparation operations (such as dispersion, mixing, drying, heat treatment, etc.) and performance testing are all conventional techniques.

[0026] Porous carbon is a common porous carbon material on the market, with D00, D50, and D100 particle sizes of 2.0-2.5, 8.5-9.5, and 18-22, respectively. Those skilled in the art can also prepare it using conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, all silanes used in the experiments are methylene silanes. Example 1

[0027] like Figs. 1-2 As shown:

[0028] An internal heating type reactor comprises a reactor shell 1; the reactor shell is provided with a feeding port 2 and a discharging port 3; a side wall of the reactor shell is provided with an opening; the opening is provided with a detachable plate 4 matched with the opening; an inner side wall of the detachable plate is provided with a heating mechanism 5; the heating mechanism is located between the feeding port and the discharging port.

[0029] The opening is provided with a mounting plate 6; the mounting plate is located on an outer side wall of the reactor shell and is an integral structure with the reactor shell; the detachable plate is provided with a fixing plate 7; the fixing plate is located on an outer side wall of the detachable plate and is an integral structure with the detachable plate. The fixing plate is matched with the mounting plate and is connected through conventional bolts; in actual production, the fixing plate and the mounting plate can also be connected through other conventional connecting pieces as long as the fixing of the detachable plate can be realized.

[0030] An outer side wall of the reactor shell is provided with a cavity 8 which is detachably connected with the reactor shell; the cavity is provided with a gas inlet 9; the detachable plate is located in the cavity.

[0031] In the embodiment, the number of openings is two, and the number of detachable plates is consistent with the number of openings.

[0032] In the embodiment, the number of heating mechanisms is two; each heating mechanism comprises a first heating pipe 501, a second heating pipe 502 and a third heating pipe 503 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. One heating mechanism is mounted on one detachable plate.

[0033] In the embodiment, the first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are split structures.

[0034] In the embodiment, a stirring device 10 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor shell. The stirring device is selected from stirring blades and is driven by a conventional motor; the specific connection mode and use method are conventional technologies.

[0035] As common sense, the internal heating type reactor has basic components and structures of conventional reactors, such as a gas inlet 11, a gas outlet 12 and a functional port; the functional port comprises a temperature measuring port 13, a pressure measuring port 14 and a safety valve port 15. Conventionally, in order to prevent the powder in the reactor from flowing out, a filter element is arranged in the gas outlet; in actual production, the gas outlet is back-flushed at intervals to prevent the filter element from being blocked.

[0036] The specific use method of the internal heating type reactor is as follows:

[0037] (1) Silicon deposition: porous carbon is put into the reactor cavity, stirring is started and silane is introduced, the gas flow is 22.5 L / min, the protective gas is nitrogen, the gas flow is 25 L / min, the deposition time is 6.5 h, the temperature of the first heating pipe and the third heating pipe is 540 DEG C, and the temperature of the second heating pipe is 480 DEG C; porous silicon-carbon material is obtained after the deposition is completed.

[0038] (2) Carbon coating: the above porous silicon carbon material is subjected to conventional gas phase carbon coating, the carbon source gas used is acetylene, the protective gas is nitrogen, the acetylene and nitrogen flow rates are 20 L / min and 18 L / min respectively, the coating time is 5 h, and the temperatures of the first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are all 550 DEG C; a silicon carbon negative electrode material is obtained.

[0039] Further, the temperature and pressure of different regions inside the reactor are monitored in real time through the temperature measuring port and the pressure measuring port, the temperature of the heating pipe is conventionally controlled according to the temperature, the gas flow rate inside the reactor is conventionally adjusted according to the pressure, and the gas outlet is conventionally backblown at regular intervals. When the pressure inside the reactor cavity is too high, the safety valve port is opened to release the gas. Example Two

[0040] On the basis of Example One, the difference between the present example and Example One is that the cavity is omitted, and the rest is the same, see Fig. 3 . Example Three

[0041] On the basis of Example One, the difference between the present example and Example One is that the first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are of an integrated structure, and the outer wall of the second heating pipe is provided with a heat insulation layer. The first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are of an integrated structure, and the middle region of the heating pipe is coated with conventional ceramic heat insulation paint to form a heat insulation layer. In actual application, other paint can also be coated as long as it can insulate heat, which does not affect the realization of the technical effects of the present application, and the rest is the same, see Fig. 4 . Example Four

[0042] On the basis of Example Three, the difference between the present example and Example Three is that the heat insulation layer is omitted, and the rest is the same.

[0043] Comparative Example

[0044] The existing reactor in production has a heating pipe (not segmented) located on the outer side wall of the reactor shell.

[0045] Application Experiment

[0046] Referring to the above use method, the silicon carbon negative electrode material is prepared by using the devices of Example Four and the Comparative Example respectively. The silane utilization rate of each device is detected according to a conventional method, as shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 Silane utilization rate

[0048]

[0049] It can be seen that the silane utilization rate of the internal heating reactor of the present application is higher than that of the existing reactor, which indicates that the silane gas is effectively deposited on the porous carbon, reducing the waste of silane and reducing the cost.

[0050] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An internally heated reactor characterized by: The reactor shell is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port; the lateral wall of the reactor shell is provided with an opening; the opening is provided with a dismounting plate matched with the opening; the inner lateral wall of the dismounting plate is provided with a heating mechanism; the heating mechanism is located between the feeding port and the discharging port.

2. The internally heated reactor of claim 1, wherein: The opening is provided with a mounting plate; the mounting plate is located on the outer lateral wall of the reactor shell.

3. The internally heated reactor of claim 1, wherein: The dismounting plate is provided with a fixing plate; the fixing plate is located on the outer lateral wall of the dismounting plate.

4. The internally heated reactor of claim 1, wherein: The outer lateral wall of the reactor shell is provided with a cavity; the cavity is provided with a gas inlet; the dismounting plate is located in the cavity.

5. The internally heated reactor of claim 1, wherein: The number of the openings is one or more.

6. The internally heated reactor of claim 1, wherein: The number of the heating mechanisms is one or more.

7. The internally heated reactor of claim 6, wherein: Each heating mechanism comprises a first heating pipe, a second heating pipe and a third heating pipe arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

8. The internally heated reactor of claim 7, wherein: The first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are in a split structure or an integrated structure.

9. The internally heated reactor of claim 8, wherein: When the first heating pipe, the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe are in an integrated structure, the outer wall of the second heating pipe is provided with a heat insulation layer.

10. The internally heated reactor of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the reactor shell is provided with a stirring device.

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