Rapidly-assembled fabricated building and building module thereof

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fabricated buildings, and particularly relates to a quickly-assembled fabricated building and a building module thereof, and the building module comprises a first prefabricated part, a second prefabricated part and at least one locking unit used for connecting the first prefabricated part to the second prefabricated part; a bearing piece suitable for supporting the first prefabricated part is attached to the second prefabricated part so as to resist shear force applied to the locking unit by the first prefabricated part at the joint interface. The prefabricated beam and the prefabricated column are mechanically connected, so that the tensile strength of the joint is ensured; through the arrangement of the force reducing groove and the bearing piece, the shearing force borne by the joint interface of the locking unit is eliminated, and the problem that the shearing resistance of the locking unit is poor is solved; the modular manufacturing mode of the prefabricated parts is simple in manufacturing, safe in structure, high in building industrialization degree, low in manufacturing cost and high in construction efficiency. The low-efficiency and complex construction steps of supporting, formwork erecting, concrete pouring and the like required by field installation of the traditional building middle beam are replaced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fabricated building, and concretely relates to a fabricated building of quick assembly and building module thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The connection between the beam and the column in the fabricated building is the core of the structural safety and represents the advancement of the construction level of the fabricated building. When the prefabricated beam of the existing fabricated building is installed, the support is usually arranged at the lower part of the beam, the reinforcement at the end of the beam is inserted into the column head, the formwork is arranged and the reinforcement is bound, and the joint concrete of the beam and the column is cast on site to realize the connection. This connection mode of the beam and column structure of the fabricated building has low construction efficiency, higher construction cost than the traditional construction, and no advantage in construction period.

[0003] The utility model patent with the authorized announcement number CN219690740U discloses a non-fixed end mechanical connection device (referred to as a mechanical connection) which can adapt to the connection of large-size fabricated prefabricated components. The mechanical connection is applied to the connection between the beam and the column in the above-mentioned utility model. Since the mechanical connection has good tensile resistance, the tensile resistance of the fabricated structure is very superior when the mechanical connection is used.

[0004] However, the local shear force at the joint between the end of the beam and the column is very large, and since the shear resistance of the mechanical connection structure is weak, the joint cannot fully exert its superior tensile resistance when the mechanical connection is used.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the building module of quick assembly is provided to solve the problem of poor shear resistance at the joint when the beam and the column are connected by the mechanical connection and to improve the connection strength of the building module and the construction efficiency. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] The application provides a fabricated building of quick assembly and a building module thereof to solve the problems of low construction efficiency and poor shear resistance of the mechanical connection in the traditional construction.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a building module of quick assembly, comprising a first prefabricated component, a second prefabricated component, and at least one locking unit for connecting the first prefabricated component to the second prefabricated component.

[0008] The locking unit comprises a male connector and a female connector which are adapted to each other, and the male connector and the female connector can form a joint interface between the end surface of the first prefabricated component facing the second prefabricated component and the second prefabricated component when they are locked to each other.

[0009] The second prefabricated component is provided with a supporting member adapted to support the first prefabricated component, the supporting member extends beyond the joint interface and is embedded in the second prefabricated component at one end to resist the shear force exerted by the first prefabricated component on the locking unit at the joint interface.

[0010] Optionally, the first prefabricated component is configured as one of a prefabricated beam, a prefabricated slab or a prefabricated beam-slab combination, and the second prefabricated component is configured as a prefabricated column, a prefabricated wall or a prefabricated room side wall.

[0011] Optionally, the first prefabricated component and the second prefabricated component are assembled perpendicularly or at an inclined angle.

[0012] Further, the second prefabricated component is provided with a force-reducing groove for receiving the butt end of the first prefabricated component, the force-reducing groove and the butt end being adapted to reduce the shear force exerted by the first prefabricated component on the locking rod at the joint interface.

[0013] As a first preferred embodiment, the second prefabricated component is provided with an embedding groove adapted to the supporting member, a tenon structure being formed between the supporting member and the embedding groove.

[0014] Further, the supporting member and the second prefabricated component are provided with a locking unit connection.

[0015] Further, the supporting member and the first prefabricated component are connected by a bolt fastening, the bolt being configured as at least one.

[0016] As a second preferred embodiment, the first prefabricated component is provided with a positioning groove, and the supporting member is provided with a top portion embedded in the positioning groove.

[0017] Further, the male connector is provided with a locking rod, and the female connector is configured to be able to limit the separation of the two when the locking rod is embedded into the female connector.

[0018] Preferably, the male connector comprises:

[0019] a male connector shell, the locking rod being telescopically embedded in or extended out of the male connector shell, and the locking rod being further provided with reverse teeth adapted to connect with the female connector; and

[0020] a first elastic member accommodated in the male connector shell, the first elastic member pressing against the tail enlarged end of the locking rod, and the first elastic member applying force to the locking rod in a direction in which the other end of the locking rod extends out of the male connector shell.

[0021] Preferably, the female connector comprises:

[0022] a female connector shell;

[0023] A conical locking clamp is received in the female connector housing, and has an inner reverse tooth adapted to connect with the locking rod; and

[0024] A power spring is clamped between the female connector housing and the conical locking clamp;

[0025] The inner side of the female connector housing has an inner conical surface, and the outer side of the conical locking clamp also has an outer conical surface, which are pressed against each other under the thrust of the power spring, so that the inner reverse tooth of the conical locking clamp tightly holds the corresponding reverse tooth of the locking rod, to lock the locking rod in one direction.

[0026] Further, the male connector is embedded in one of the first and second prefabricated components, and the female connector is embedded in the other.

[0027] The application also adopts the following technical scheme: a prefabricated building which is assembled by using the building module.

[0028] The prefabricated building has the advantages that:

[0029] 1. The prefabricated beam and the prefabricated column are mechanically connected, so that the tensile strength at the joint is ensured; the shear force received by the locking unit at the joint interface is eliminated by the relief groove and the supporting piece, and the problem of poor shear resistance of the locking unit is solved.

[0030] 2. The prefabricated component is manufactured in a modular manner, so that the manufacturing is simple, the structure is safe, the industrialization degree of the building is high, the manufacturing cost is low, and the construction efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the appearance of the prefabricated building;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the prefabricated building;

[0033] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the second prefabricated component;

[0034] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the tenon joint structure of the supporting piece;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the prefabricated building without the relief groove;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the supporting piece with the locking unit added.

[0037] Figure 7 is the structural schematic view of the first prefabricated component of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 8 is the structural schematic view of the first prefabricated component of the utility model and the bearing piece is provided with a bevel;

[0039] Figure 9 is Figure 8 the assembly view of the embodiment in the middle;

[0040] Figure 10 is Figure 8 the sectional view of the embodiment in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 is the structural schematic view of the locking unit;

[0042] Figure 12 is the three-dimensional schematic view of the conical locking clamping piece;

[0043] Figure 13 is the structural schematic view of the locking rod and the conical locking clamping piece.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings:

[0045] 10, first prefabricated component; 11, positioning groove;

[0046] 20, second prefabricated component; 21, force reduction groove; 22, embedding groove;

[0047] 30, locking unit; 31, male connector; 310, locking rod; 310a, reverse tooth; 311, male connector shell; 312, first elastic member; 32, female connector; 320, female connector shell; 321, conical locking clamping piece; 321a, inner reverse tooth; 322, outer conical surface; 323, power spring; 324, inner conical surface; 33, joint interface;

[0048] 40, bearing piece; 41, bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a building module for rapid assembly, including a first prefabricated component 10, a second prefabricated component 20, and a locking unit 30 and a support component 40 connecting the first prefabricated component 10 and the second prefabricated component 20.

[0053] The locking unit 30 includes a male connector 31 and a female connector 32 that are mutually adapted to each other. When the male connector 31 and the female connector 32 are locked together, a joint interface 33 can be formed between the end faces of the first prefabricated component 10 and the second prefabricated component 20 and the second prefabricated component 20.

[0054] The first precast component 10 is configured as a precast beam, a precast slab, or a precast beam-slab combination, and the second precast component 20 is configured as a precast column, a precast wall, or a precast room sidewall.

[0055] The second prefabricated component 20 has a stress-reducing groove 21 for receiving the mating end of the first prefabricated component. The engagement of the stress-reducing groove 21 with the mating end is adapted to reduce the shear force exerted by the first prefabricated component 10 on the locking unit 30 at the joint interface 33.

[0056] The support member 40 is attached to the second precast member 20 to support the first precast member 10. The support member 40 extends beyond the joint interface 33 and is partially embedded in the second precast member 20 to resist the shear force exerted by the first precast member 10 on the locking unit 30 at the joint interface 33.

[0057] In the technical solution, in the operation of quickly assembling the building module, the first prefabricated component 10 (beam or cantilever beam) is usually connected to the second prefabricated component 20 (prefabricated column, wall) through the locking unit 30, and after the mechanical connection of the two is completed, the first prefabricated component 10, the second prefabricated component 20 and the locking unit constitute a cantilever beam structure. Since the connecting end of the beam and the column is combined at the planar interface 33, at this time, the beam has a downward movement trend due to its own gravity, and a downward shear force is generated on the locking unit 30 at the interface 33, and the locking unit 30 has a bending trend under the action of the beam gravity.

[0058] In addition, since the locking unit 30 has weak shear capacity, in order to eliminate the shear force on the locking unit 30 at the interface 33, a force reduction groove 21 is arranged at the abutting position of the first prefabricated component 10 and the second prefabricated component 20, and the force reduction groove 21 is arranged on the second prefabricated component 20. When the locking unit 30 is connected to the first prefabricated component 10 and the second prefabricated component 20 again, the lower side of the connecting end of the first prefabricated component 10 is in contact with the lower groove surface of the force reduction groove 21, and part of the gravity of the beam is borne, thereby achieving preliminary reduction of the shear force on the locking unit 30.

[0059] In order to maximize the elimination of the shear force on the locking unit 30 and fully exert its tensile capacity, an embedding groove 22 is arranged at the lower side of the connecting end of the first prefabricated component 10 and the second prefabricated component 20, and a supporting piece 40 is embedded in the embedding groove 22 in the form of a tenon joint structure, and the upper end of the supporting piece 40 abuts against the lower side of the first prefabricated component 10 to support the first prefabricated component 10.

[0060] It should be noted that when the force on the connecting end of the beam and the column is analyzed by the isolation method, the supporting piece 40 and the second prefabricated component 20 are regarded as a whole, and the interface 33 between the first prefabricated component 10 (prefabricated beam) and the second prefabricated component 20 (prefabricated column) changes from the original vertical plane to the horizontal plane of the upper end of the supporting piece 40. At this time, the supporting piece 40 bears most of the gravity of the first prefabricated component 10, and the locking unit 30 no longer bears the shear force generated by the gravity of the beam.

[0061] In the assembly process of the building module, the two ends of the first prefabricated component 10 are lapped on the upper end of the supporting piece 40 after assembly, at this time, the force of the entire beam is completely borne by the two supporting pieces 40, and the locking unit 30 does not bear the shear force generated by the gravity of the beam, thereby the locking unit 30 can exert its maximum tensile capacity.

[0062] As Figures 3-5As shown, the first precast component 10 and the second precast component 20 are assembled vertically or at an inclined angle. The depth of the relief groove 21 is less than the embedding depth of the support 40. The second precast component 20 has an embedding groove 22 which is adapted to the support 40, and a tenon joint structure is formed between the support 40 and the embedding groove 22.

[0063] As a further preferred embodiment, the support 40 and the first precast component 10 are fastened by the bolt 41, and the bolt 41 is configured as at least one.

[0064] In the technical solution, when the depth of the relief groove 21 is less than the embedding depth of the support 40, unilateral stress analysis is performed on the first precast component 10, and the side of the first precast component 10 away from the support 40 has a tendency to press the support 40 and dump downward. Since the relief groove 21 and the embedding groove 22 are connected upward and downward, the precast beam exerts a positive pressure on the upper end surface of the support 40 at this time, the positive pressure between the support 40 and the embedding groove 22 is increased, and the firmness of the tenon joint structure of the support 40 is further ensured.

[0065] When the depth of the relief groove 21 is less than the embedding depth of the support 40, it is the most economical solution. When the depth of the relief groove 21 is equal to or greater than the embedding depth of the support 40, the firmness of the tenon joint structure of the support 40 is not obviously increased, but the cost and construction difficulty are greatly increased.

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] This embodiment will explain the configuration of the relief groove 21 and the configuration of the bolt 41. In actual construction, the configuration of the bolt 41 needs to be determined according to whether the relief groove 21 is configured on the second precast component 20 or not, and the cases are as follows:

[0068] Firstly, as shown in Figure 2 , 3 , 4, when the relief groove 21 is configured, the end of the first precast component 10 exerts a positive pressure on the upper end of the support 40 to extrude and fix the support 40, so that the support 40 is firmly installed in the embedding groove 21. At this time, the support 40 does not need to be fixed with the first precast component 10 by the bolt 41, and the bolt 41 plays a role in further reinforcing the structural strength.

[0069] Secondly, as shown in Figure 5As shown: When it is inconvenient to install the stress-reducing groove 21, the joint interface 33 between the first precast component 10 and the second precast component 20 is located on the outer surface of the second precast component 20. When the first precast component 10 bears the building load, the protruding part of the support member 40 will sag downwards, forming a concentrated shear force on the support member 40 at the bottom edge of the embedding groove 22, which can easily cause damage to the building component. At this time, the support member 40 is fastened to the nut embedded part in the first precast component 10 with bolts 41, so that the top of the support member 40 is tightly attached to the first precast component 10, preventing the protruding part of the support member 40 from sag. Since the bottom of the support member 40 and the embedding groove 22 are subjected to planar forces, and the top of the support member 40 and the bottom of the first precast component 10 are also subjected to planar forces, the damage caused by the concentrated shear force is solved.

[0070] Furthermore, after the first precast component 10 and the second precast component 20 are connected, there is a gap at the connection point. In order to ensure the connection strength, it is necessary to fill the gap at the connection point with adhesive or perform cement grouting.

[0071] Example 3:

[0072] This embodiment is based on embodiment 2, and proposes another optional implementation method for situations where it is inconvenient to open the stress reduction groove 21, as follows:

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, when the second precast component 20 does not have a stress-reducing groove 21, the support 40 is embedded in the insertion groove 22. Since the protruding part of the support 40 will sag downward when the first precast component 10 bears the building load, the bottom edge of the insertion groove 22 will form a concentrated shear force on the support 40, which can easily cause damage to the building component.

[0074] To ensure a stable connection between the embedding groove 22 and the support member 40, one end of the support member 40 is fully embedded in the embedding groove 22 and abuts against its side wall, and the two are fixed together by a locking unit 30. A male connector 31 or a female connector 32 is provided in the second prefabricated component 20 at the connection end face between the embedding groove 22 and the support member 40, and the corresponding female connector 32 or male connector 31 is then fixed in the corresponding position on the support member 40. At this time, when the support member 40 is subjected to downward pressure and shear force from the first prefabricated component 10, the locking unit 30 provided in the second prefabricated component 20 pulls the support member 40 firmly, converting part of the shear force borne by the support member 40 into tensile stress of the locking unit 30, thereby improving the connection strength of the structural node.

[0075] In order to better ensure the connection strength between the support member 40 and the first precast component 10, in addition to the connection of the support member 40 with the locking unit 30, the bolts 41 configured in the support member 40 can also be fastened to the nut embedded part in the first precast component 10, which further improves the structural strength of the connection between the first precast component 10 and the second precast component 20.

[0076] Example 4:

[0077] like Figures 7-10 As shown, this embodiment provides another implementation of the tenon joint of the support member 40 in this application:

[0078] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the lower end of the support member 40 and the bottom of the groove 22 are respectively set as inclined slopes. When the support member 40 is inserted into the groove 22 of the second prefabricated member 20, the contact area between the two slopes is increased, and the bearing capacity is greater.

[0079] Furthermore, to ensure that the support member 40 can be stably connected to the first precast component 10, a positioning groove 11 is opened at the bottom of the first precast component 10. The upper end of the support member 40 is embedded in the positioning groove 11 and fixed to the first precast component 10, so as to prevent the support member 40 from moving in the opposite direction to the second precast component 20 after being subjected to force and then drooping down, which would affect the support stability of the support member 40.

[0080] Furthermore, bolts 41 are arranged inside the support member 40 to be fastened to the nut embedded part in the first precast component 10, which prevents the support member 40 from coming out of the positioning groove 11 at the bottom of the first precast component 10 and improves the stability and strength of the connection of the support member 40.

[0081] At this time, the contact surface between the support member 40 and the embedding groove 22 is a downward inclined surface. Since the angle between the normal of the inclined surface and the direction of the force applied after the precast beam bends is an acute angle, the normal pressure on the inclined surface of the support member 40 is the component of the force F applied by the precast beam. The angle between the normal of the inclined surface and the perpendicular line of the extension direction of the precast beam is an acute angle α. The normal pressure on the inclined surface of the support member 40 is F multiplied by the cosine of the angle. The force applied by the first precast component 10 to the support member 40 is transformed into the normal pressure between the inclined surface of the support member and the inclined surface at the bottom of the embedding groove. This effectively transforms the downward shear force of the first precast component 10 on the support member 40 into the downward pressure on the second precast component 20.

[0082] The other part of the horizontal thrust on the first precast component 10 and the second precast component 20 caused by the force on the inclined surface at the bottom of the groove can be borne by the locking unit 30 set at the joint interface 33 of the first precast component 10 and the second precast component 20, which can effectively give full play to the superiority of the high tensile strength of the locking unit 30.

[0083] Example 5:

[0084] like Figures 11-13 As shown, this embodiment provides a preferred implementation of the locking unit 30, as detailed below:

[0085] The male connector 31 has a locking rod 310, and the female connector 32 is configured to be able to limit the separation of the two when the locking rod 310 is embedded into the female connector 32. The male connector 31 comprises: a male connector shell 311, the locking rod 310 being telescopically embedded in the male connector shell 311, the protruding end of the locking rod 310 having a reverse tooth 310a adapted to be connected with the female connector 32; and a first elastic member 312 accommodated in the male connector shell 311, the first elastic member 312 pressing and applying force to the tail enlarged end of the locking rod 310, so that the other end of the locking rod 310 can protrude in the extension direction of the male connector shell 311.

[0086] Alternatively, on the basis of the above-mentioned scheme, in order to save costs, the locking rod 310 can be omitted from the telescopic function, the length of the male connector shell 311 is reduced to save material costs, and the locking rod 310 protrudes from the male connector shell 311, which can meet the connection requirements.

[0087] Further, the female connector 32 comprises: a female connector shell 320; a tapered locking clamp 321 accommodated in the female connector shell 320; and a power spring 323 clamped between the female connector shell 320 and the tapered locking clamp 321, which provides a continuous forward thrust force for the tapered locking clamp 321; the inner side of the tapered locking clamp 321 has an inner reverse tooth 321a adapted to be connected with the locking rod 310.

[0088] The inner side of the female connector shell 320 has an inner tapered surface 324, and the outer side of the tapered locking clamp 321 is provided with an outer tapered surface 322. Under the thrust force of the power spring 323, the inner tapered surface 324 and the outer tapered surface 322 are pressed against each other, which can make the inner reverse tooth 321a of the tapered locking clamp tightly hold the corresponding reverse tooth 310a of the locking rod 310, so as to one-way lock the locking rod 310. When assembling, the locking rod 310 can be easily inserted into the female connector 32 and cannot be pulled out, and the greater the pulling force, the tighter the holding.

[0089] The male connector 31 is embedded in one of the first prefabricated component 10 and the second prefabricated component 20, and the female connector 32 is embedded in the other.

[0090] In the technical scheme: the first elastic member 312 can be a spring, which is always in a compressed state, and one end of the spring abuts against the tail enlarged end of the locking rod 310 to ensure that the locking rod 310 always protrudes out of the male connector shell 311. When assembling the first prefabricated component 10, the locking rod 310 is compressed into the male connector shell 311, and after the assembly is in place, the male connector 31 is positioned corresponding to the female connector 32, and the locking rod 310 is ejected from the male connector shell 311 and inserted into the female connector 32 to realize connection.

[0091] Further, the first prefabricated component 10 is assembled into the force reduction groove 21, which has a positioning effect and can preliminarily position the installation position of the first prefabricated component 10 during assembly.

[0092] In order to increase the stability of the entire locking unit 30 and realize the maximum tensile strength, the male connector 31 and the female connector 32 realize one-way locking as follows:

[0093] The reverse tooth 310a is arranged on the outer surface of the extension end of the locking rod 310, and the inner reverse tooth 321a is arranged on the inner wall of the conical locking clamp 321, so as to realize mechanical locking of the two and improve the tensile strength and structural strength of the locking unit 30.

[0094] When the male connector 31 and the female connector 32 are connected, one end of the locking rod 310 is inserted into the female connector shell 320 and presses the conical locking clamp 321. After the conical locking clamp 321 is stressed, the dynamic spring 323 is pressed downward (or backward), and the conical locking clamp 321 is expanded outward (the conical locking clamp 321 is annular, and three clamps that are mutually locked and annular can be preferably selected to improve the locking performance of the conical locking clamp 321). When the connecting end of the locking rod 310 is fully inserted into the conical locking clamp 321, the reverse tooth 310a of the locking rod 310 and the inner reverse tooth 321a of the conical locking clamp 321 form a bite.

[0095] When subjected to tension, the outer conical surface 322 of the conical locking clamp 321 and the inner conical surface 324 of the inner side of the female connector shell 320 form an inclined surface transmission. The inner conical surface 324 and the outer conical surface 322 are mutually pressed, so that the inner reverse tooth 321a of the conical locking clamp tightly holds the reverse tooth 310a on the surface of the locking rod 310, thereby holding the locking rod 310 and preventing it from being pulled out. The greater the pulling force, the tighter the holding, and the tighter the extrusion locking effect.

[0096] The preferred embodiment of the locking unit 30 can refer to the "Bite extrusion type check steel connector" patent with the authorization announcement number CN216305149U.

[0097] The application also adopts the following technical scheme: a prefabricated building that is quickly assembled, which is assembled by using the building module.

[0098] The embodiments of the application are described above in combination with the drawings. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the application without departing from the scope of the application and the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fast-assembled building module, comprising a first prefabricated component, a second prefabricated component and at least one locking unit for connecting the first prefabricated component to the second prefabricated component, characterized in that: the locking unit comprises a male joint and a female joint which are adapted to each other, and when the male joint and the female joint are locked to each other, an interface is formed between the end surface of the first prefabricated component facing the second prefabricated component and the second prefabricated component; a support is attached to the second prefabricated component, the support is adapted to support the first prefabricated component, the support passes through the interface and one end of the support is embedded in the second prefabricated component to resist the shear force exerted by the first prefabricated component on the locking unit at the interface; the first prefabricated component is configured as one of a prefabricated beam, a prefabricated plate or a prefabricated beam-plate combination, and the second prefabricated component is configured as a prefabricated column, a prefabricated wall or a prefabricated room side wall; the first prefabricated component and the second prefabricated component are assembled vertically or at an inclined angle; the second prefabricated component is provided with a force-reducing groove for accommodating the butt end of the first prefabricated component, and the force-reducing groove is adapted to cooperate with the butt end to reduce the shear force exerted by the first prefabricated component on the locking rod at the interface; the support is provided with a locking unit connection with the second prefabricated component; the second prefabricated component is provided with an embedding groove adapted to the support, and a mortise-and-tenon structure is formed between the support and the embedding groove; the support and the first prefabricated component are connected by a bolt, and the bolt is configured as at least one; the first prefabricated component is provided with a positioning groove, and the support is provided with a top embedded in the positioning groove; the male joint is provided with a locking rod, and the female joint is configured to limit the separation of the male joint and the female joint when the locking rod is embedded in the female joint; the male joint comprises: a male joint shell, the locking rod is telescopically embedded in or extended out of the male joint shell, and the locking rod is further provided with a reverse tooth adapted to connect the female joint; and a first elastic member accommodated in the male joint shell, the first elastic member abuts against the enlarged end of the tail of the locking rod, and the first elastic member exerts a force on the locking rod in a direction in which the other end of the locking rod extends out of the male joint shell; the female joint comprises: a female joint shell; a conical locking clamp accommodated in the female joint shell, the conical locking clamp is provided with an inner reverse tooth adapted to connect the locking rod; and a power spring clamped between the female joint shell and the conical locking clamp; wherein the inner side of the female joint shell is provided with an inner conical surface, and the outer side of the conical locking clamp is further provided with an outer conical surface, and under the pushing force of the power spring, the inner and outer conical surfaces are pressed against each other to lock the locking rod; the male joint is embedded in one of the first prefabricated component and the second prefabricated component, and the female joint is embedded in the other; and the prefabricated building has the building module of any one of claims 1-10. ​ ​ 2. The building module of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The building module according to claim 2, characterized in that ​ 4. The building module according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that ​ 5. The building module of claim 1, wherein, ​ 6. The building module according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, ​ 7. The building module of claim 6, wherein, ​ 8. The building module according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that ​ 9. The building module according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10. The building module of claim 1, wherein, ​ 11. A fast-assembled fabricated building, characterized by, ​

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