Laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser sand flux sensor with a wind direction measurement function. The laser sand flux sensor comprises a laser sand flux measurement module, a wind direction measurement module, a slip ring module and a signal processing module, the laser sand flux measurement module is connected with the wind direction measurement module, the wind direction measurement module is rotatably connected with the signal processing module through the slip ring module, and the laser sand flux measurement module and the wind direction measurement module are both electrically connected with the signal processing module. The device has the advantages of being capable of accurately measuring the wind and sand direction and flux in a severe environment, having the characteristics of high precision, strong practicability, good environmental adaptability and the like, being capable of effectively solving the problems existing in a traditional measurement method, and providing reliable technical support for related research and application of wind and sand.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to sand movement monitoring technical field especially relates to a laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of sand movement research, desertification control, sand disaster early warning and so on, accurate measurement of sand flux has extremely important significance. Traditional sand flux measurement methods, such as BSNE sand collector, dust cylinder and so on, have many limitations. For example, the sand collector may interfere with the sand flow field during the measurement process, resulting in large measurement error; its spatial resolution is low, and it is difficult to accurately obtain the flux information of sand at different heights and positions; and in long-term field monitoring, frequent maintenance and cleaning are required, and for the sand collector installed on the iron tower, the maintenance operation becomes particularly difficult; the existing laser sand flux equipment usually relies on electronic wind direction indicator, but its long-term stability in extreme environment is insufficient.

[0003] With the deepening of sand movement research and the increasing demand for high-precision measurement data, the existing sand flux measurement technology has been difficult to meet the requirements, therefore, it has become an urgent technical problem to be solved to develop a laser sand flux sensor with high precision, high resolution, small interference to sand flow field, measurable sand direction and convenient to use. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement, so as to solve the foregoing problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement, comprising a laser sand flux measurement module, a wind direction measurement module, a slip ring module and a signal processing module; the laser sand flux measurement module is connected with the wind direction measurement module, the wind direction measurement module is rotationally connected with the signal processing module through the slip ring module, and the laser sand flux measurement module and the wind direction measurement module are electrically connected with the signal processing module.

[0007] Preferably, the laser sand flux measurement module comprises a laser emitter, a laser receiver, a photoelectric converter and a protective shell, the laser emitter and the laser receiver are electrically connected with the photoelectric converter; the protective shell is U-shaped, the laser emitter and the laser receiver are respectively arranged at the outer part of both ends of the protective shell, and the photoelectric converter is arranged at the inner part of the turning part of the protective shell.

[0008] Preferably, the protective shell comprises horizontal arms and a vertical arm, the two horizontal arms are parallel and spaced apart, the vertical arm is perpendicular to the horizontal arms and the two ends of the vertical arm are fixedly connected with one end of the two horizontal arms respectively to form a U-shaped protective shell.

[0009] The laser transmitter and the laser receiver are arranged on the outer walls of the two horizontal arms away from the vertical arm, and the photoelectric converter is arranged inside the horizontal arms.

[0010] Preferably, the wind direction measuring module comprises a wind vane main body, a rotating shaft and an angle encoder, the two ends of the rotating shaft are connected with the vertical arm of the protective shell and the wind vane main body respectively, the middle part of the rotating shaft is connected with the signal processing module through a slip ring module, and the angle encoder is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the wind vane main body is a pentagon, the pentagon is composed of a rectangle and an isosceles triangle, the base of the isosceles triangle is equal in length to the long side of the rectangle and shares a side with the rectangle, and one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the wind vane main body along the symmetry axis of the wind vane main body.

[0012] Preferably, the slip ring module comprises a fixed shaft and a mounting seat, the upper end of the fixed shaft is provided with a fixed hole penetrating through the front and rear ends of the fixed shaft, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft through the fixed hole, the lower end of the fixed shaft is rotatably connected with the mounting seat through a bearing, and the mounting seat is fixedly connected with the signal processing module.

[0013] Preferably, the slip ring module further comprises limiting rods, four limiting rods are arranged on the upper surface of the mounting seat in a circumferential direction, two limiting rods are arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixed hole respectively, and the two limiting rods on the same side of the fixed hole are located on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the signal processing module comprises a protective shell, a microprocessor arranged inside the protective shell and a north indicator arranged on the protective shell; and the mounting seat is fixedly connected with the top of the protective shell.

[0015] Preferably, the protective shell comprises a connecting section, a wiring section and a mounting section arranged coaxially from top to bottom, the mounting seat is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting section, the north indicator is arranged on the wiring section, and the mounting section is connected with a mounting assembly to mount the laser sand flux sensor in a measured area.

[0016] Preferably, the mounting assembly comprises a swivel joint and a connecting arm; the swivel joint is C-shaped, the lower end of the mounting section extends into the swivel joint coaxially, and the two ends of the swivel joint are respectively provided with fixing holes, and a fastener is sequentially threaded through the fixing holes of the two ends to fix and clamp the mounting section in the swivel joint; the connecting arm is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the swivel joint along the radial direction of the swivel joint, and the connecting arm is mounted and fixed in the measured area.

[0017] The laser sand flux sensor provided by the utility model can accurately measure the direction and flux of sand in a harsh environment, has the characteristics of high precision, strong practicability, good environmental adaptability and the like, can effectively solve the problems existing in traditional measurement methods, and provides reliable technical support for related research and application of sand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the structure diagram of the laser sand flux sensor installed in the measured area in the utility model embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the laser sand flux sensor in the utility model embodiment.

[0020] In the drawing: 1, laser sand flux measurement module; 11, laser emitter; 12, laser receiver; 13, protective shell; 2, wind direction measurement module; 21, wind mark body; 22, rotating shaft; 3, signal processing module; 31, connecting section; 32, wiring section; 33, mounting section; 4, slip ring module; 41, fixed shaft; 42, mounting seat; 43, limiting rod; 5, mounting assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.

[0022] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in the embodiment, a laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement is provided, comprising a laser sand flux measurement module 1, a wind direction measurement module 2, a slip ring module 4 and a signal processing module 3; the laser sand flux measurement module 1 is connected with the wind direction measurement module 2, the wind direction measurement module 2 is rotationally connected with the signal processing module 3 through the slip ring module 4, and the laser sand flux measurement module 1 and the wind direction measurement module 2 are electrically connected with the signal processing module 3.

[0023] In this embodiment, the laser sand flux measurement module 1 includes a laser emitter 11, a laser receiver 12, a photoelectric converter, and a protective housing 13. The laser emitter 11 and the laser receiver 12 are both electrically connected to the photoelectric converter. The protective housing 13 is U-shaped. The laser emitter 11 and the laser receiver 12 are respectively disposed on the outside of the two ends of the protective housing 13. The photoelectric converter is disposed inside the turning point of the protective housing 13.

[0024] The protective housing 13 includes horizontal arms and vertical arms. The two horizontal arms are parallel and spaced apart. The vertical arms are perpendicular to the horizontal arms and their two ends are fixedly connected to one end of each of the two horizontal arms to form a U-shaped protective housing 13. The laser emitter 11 and the laser receiver 12 are respectively disposed on the outer wall of the two horizontal arms away from the vertical arms. The photoelectric converter is disposed inside the horizontal arms.

[0025] The laser sand flux measurement module adopts the principle of laser scattering and selects a high-stability laser with a specific wavelength of 655nm. The laser beam is emitted through the laser transmitter 11. When the sand grains pass through the measurement area, the laser beam interacts with the sand grains to generate scattered light. The scattered light signal is received by the laser receiver 12 and converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric converter. Finally, the signal processing module 3 processes the signal to obtain the sand flux data.

[0026] In this embodiment, the wind direction measurement module 2 includes a wind vane body 21, a rotating shaft 22, and an angle encoder; the two ends of the rotating shaft 22 are respectively connected to the vertical arm of the protective housing 13 and the wind vane body 21, and the middle part of the rotating shaft 22 is connected to the signal processing module 3 via the slip ring module 4; the angle encoder is installed on the rotating shaft 22.

[0027] The weather vane body 21 is pentagonal, which is composed of a rectangle and an isosceles triangle. The base of the isosceles triangle is the same length as the long side of the rectangle and they share the same side. One end of the rotation axis 22 is fixedly connected to the weather vane body 21 along its axis of symmetry.

[0028] The wind direction measurement module 2 employs an optimized mechanical wind vane structure. The main body 21 of the wind vane is made of lightweight, high-strength alloy material, and its surface is treated with a special sand-resistant and wear-resistant coating to enhance the durability of the wind vane under wind and sand impact. The main body 21 of the wind vane is connected to the signal processing module 3 via a slip ring mold, ensuring that the main body 21 of the wind vane rotates flexibly and with low friction. The angle encoder is a photoelectric angle encoder, which converts the angle of the main body 21 of the wind vane into a digital signal output in real time for accurate wind direction measurement.

[0029] In the embodiment, the slip ring module 4 comprises a fixed shaft 41 and a mounting seat 42, the upper end of the fixed shaft 41 is provided with a fixed hole penetrating through the front and rear ends, the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft 41 through the fixed hole, the lower end of the fixed shaft 41 is rotatably connected with the mounting seat 42 through a bearing, and the mounting seat 42 is fixedly connected with the signal processing module 3. The fixed shaft 41 is rotatably connected with the mounting seat 42 through a high-precision bearing, so as to ensure the flexibility of rotation of the rotating shaft 22, and further ensure the flexibility of rotation of the wind vane main body 21.

[0030] The slip ring module 4 further comprises limiting rods 43, the upper surface of the mounting seat 42 is spaced apart in the circumferential direction and provided with four limiting rods 43, the front and rear sides of the fixed hole are respectively provided with two limiting rods 43, and the two limiting rods 43 located on the same side of the fixed hole are respectively located on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 22. The limiting rods 43 can limit the position of the rotating shaft 22, avoid the angle change of the rotating shaft 22 relative to the fixed shaft 41, and thus affect the measurement accuracy of the wind direction measurement module 2.

[0031] In the embodiment, the signal processing module 3 comprises a protective shell, a microprocessor arranged in the protective shell, and a north identifier arranged on the protective shell; and the mounting seat 42 is fixedly connected with the top of the protective shell.

[0032] The protective shell comprises a connecting section 31, a wiring section 32 and a mounting section 33 arranged coaxially in sequence from top to bottom, the mounting seat 42 is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting section 31, the north identifier is arranged on the wiring section 32, and the mounting section 33 is connected with the mounting assembly 5 to mount the laser sand flux sensor in the measured area. The angle encoder and the photoelectric transducer are connected with the microprocessor through corresponding cables. There are other cables such as power supply cables, grounding cables and shielding cables in the sensor, and these cables are constrained in the wiring section 32, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0033] The signal processing unit integrates a high-performance microprocessor, is responsible for receiving and processing signal data transmitted from the angle encoder and the photoelectric transducer, and the microprocessor is built-in with an intelligent algorithm, which can correct the laser measurement data in real time according to the wind direction data on one hand, and improve the sand flux measurement accuracy. On the other hand, the wind direction data continuously collected can be filtered and smoothed to remove abnormal fluctuations and output stable and reliable wind direction information.

[0034] In the embodiment, the mounting assembly 5 comprises a swivel joint and a connecting arm; the swivel joint is in the shape of C, the lower end of the mounting section 33 extends into the swivel joint coaxially, and the swivel joint is provided with fixing holes at two ends respectively, and fasteners are sequentially passed through the fixing holes at the two ends to fix and clamp the mounting section 33 in the swivel joint; the connecting arm is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the swivel joint along the radial direction of the swivel joint, and the connecting arm is mounted and fixed in the measured area.

[0035] In the embodiment, the working principle of the sensor is as follows: a region for observing field wind-sand activities is selected, the laser sand flux sensor is fixed on the connecting arm by the swivel joint, and the connecting arm is mounted in the measured region, and the north indicator should be directed to the north direction, at this time, the laser sand flux measuring module 1, the wind vane main body 21 and the rotating shaft 22 therebetween are all directed to the north. When the wind-sand passes through the sensor, the sand particles enter between the laser emitter 11 and the laser receiver 12 of the laser sand flux measuring module 1, and diffraction and scattering light signals are generated, and after being processed by the photoelectric converter, the concentration and particle size distribution information of the sand particles are obtained. At the same time, the wind vane main body 21 of the wind direction measuring module 2 rotates with the wind under the driving of the wind, drives the rotating shaft 22 and the laser sand flux measuring module 1 connected with the rotating shaft 22 to rotate around the signal processing module 3 through the slip ring module 4, the angle encoder measures the rotation angle, and the signal processing unit calculates the wind direction according to the angle information. The microprocessor of the signal processing unit integrates and analyzes the sand flux, particle size distribution and wind direction data to obtain the spatiotemporal structure and sand transport law of the wind-sand flow.

[0036] In the embodiment, the laser sand flux sensor is suitable for real-time sand particle monitoring in regions where wind-sand activities are frequent, such as deserts, gobi and coasts. The related parameters of the sensor are as follows:

[0037] (1) The width of the laser sensing surface of the sensor is 50 mm. It is consistent with the sand inlet specification of the BSNE sand collector and meets the international standard.

[0038] (2) The sand particle size measurement accuracy is 0.03 mm. It can accurately measure the change of sand particles and provide high-precision data support for wind-sand research.

[0039] (3) The sand flux measurement accuracy is 5 kg / (m 2 ·min), which meets the measurement standard of scientific research analysis and meets the monitoring needs of most scenes.

[0040] (4) The wind direction accuracy is ±2°. It meets the measurement standard of scientific research analysis and meets the monitoring needs of most scenes.

[0041] (5) The environmental temperature is -50℃~65℃. It is suitable for a relatively wide range of environmental temperature conditions and can work stably under various climate conditions.

[0042] (6)Response time: <1s. The sensor can quickly respond to sand particles and record sand particle data in time, ensuring the timeliness of the data.

[0043] (7)Working voltage: 12Vdc. A relatively stable DC voltage is used for power supply to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0044] In this embodiment, the laser sand flux sensor has the following obvious advantages compared with the traditional sand collection method:

[0045] (1) Non-contact measurement: no interference to the wind-sand flow field, can truly reflect the natural motion state of wind-sand, and the measurement result is more accurate and reliable.

[0046] (2) Mechanical-optical fusion design: through the physical cooperative layout of the mechanical wind vane and the laser module, the wind direction-sand flux synchronous measurement is realized, and more reliable reference basis is provided for the study of wind-sand movement.

[0047] (3) Real-time continuous measurement: real-time monitoring of sand flux can be realized, and the instantaneous change in the wind-sand movement process can be captured, which provides rich data support for in-depth study of wind-sand dynamics.

[0048] (4) High-precision measurement: based on the laser scattering principle and advanced signal processing algorithm, the concentration parameters of sand particles can be accurately measured, and then the high-precision sand flux value is obtained.

[0049] (5) Reduce maintenance cost: compared with the traditional sand flux sensor, the laser sand flux of the present application does not need frequent maintenance, which can greatly reduce the labor cost of long-term observation in the field.

[0050] By adopting the above technical scheme of the utility model, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0051] The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement provided by the utility model can accurately measure the wind-sand direction and flux in harsh environment, has the characteristics of high precision, strong practicality, good environmental adaptability, etc., and can effectively solve the problems existing in the traditional measurement method, and provides reliable technical support for wind-sand related research and application.

[0052] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, without departing from the principle of the utility model, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement, characterized in that: It includes a laser sand flux measurement module, a wind direction measurement module, a slip ring module, and a signal processing module; the laser sand flux measurement module is connected to the wind direction measurement module, the wind direction measurement module is rotatably connected to the signal processing module via the slip ring module, and both the laser sand flux measurement module and the wind direction measurement module are electrically connected to the signal processing module.

2. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser sand flux measurement module includes a laser emitter, a laser receiver, a photoelectric converter, and a protective housing. The laser emitter and the laser receiver are both electrically connected to the photoelectric converter. The protective housing is U-shaped, with the laser emitter and the laser receiver respectively disposed on the outside of the two ends of the protective housing, and the photoelectric converter disposed inside the turning point of the protective housing.

3. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective shell includes horizontal arms and vertical arms. The two horizontal arms are parallel and spaced apart. The vertical arms are perpendicular to the horizontal arms and both ends of the vertical arms are fixedly connected to one end of each of the two horizontal arms to form a U-shaped protective shell. The laser emitter and the laser receiver are respectively disposed on the outer wall of the end of the two horizontal arms away from the vertical arm, and the photoelectric converter is disposed inside the horizontal arm.

4. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wind direction measurement module includes a wind vane body, a rotating shaft, and an angle encoder; the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the vertical arm of the protective housing and the wind vane body, and the middle part of the rotating shaft is connected to the signal processing module via a slip ring module; the angle encoder is mounted on the rotating shaft.

5. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weather vane body is pentagonal, which is composed of a rectangle and an isosceles triangle. The base of the isosceles triangle is the same length as the long side of the rectangle and they share the same side. One end of the rotation axis is fixedly connected to the weather vane body along its axis of symmetry.

6. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slip ring module includes a fixed shaft and a mounting base. The upper end of the fixed shaft is provided with a fixing hole that extends through both its front and rear ends. The rotating shaft passes through the fixing hole and is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft. The lower end of the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting base via a bearing. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the signal processing module.

7. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slip ring module also includes limiting rods. Four limiting rods are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the upper surface of the mounting base. Two limiting rods are arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixing hole, respectively. The two limiting rods located on the same side of the fixing hole are located on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft, respectively.

8. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a protective housing, a microprocessor disposed inside the protective housing, and a north indicator disposed on the protective housing; the mounting base is fixedly connected to the top of the protective housing.

9. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective housing includes a connecting section, a wiring section, and a mounting section arranged coaxially from top to bottom. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting section. The north indicator is set on the wiring section. The mounting section is connected to the mounting assembly to install the laser sand flux sensor in the area to be measured.

10. The laser sand flux sensor with wind direction measurement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The mounting assembly comprises a swivel joint and a connecting arm; the swivel joint is C-shaped, the lower end of the mounting section extends into the swivel joint coaxially, and the two ends of the swivel joint are respectively provided with fixing holes, and a fastener passes through the fixing holes of the two ends in sequence to fix and clamp the mounting section in the swivel joint; the connecting arm is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the swivel joint along the radial direction of the swivel joint, and the connecting arm is mounted and fixed in the measured area.

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