Aviation piston engine principle demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model provides an aviation piston engine principle demonstration device, and relates to the technical field of aviation engine teaching and demonstration, the aviation piston engine principle demonstration device comprises a casing and a cylinder, the cylinder is connected with the casing, and a piston, an intake valve and an exhaust valve are arranged in the cylinder; the crankshaft is rotationally connected with the casing and is connected with the piston through a connecting rod; the driving mechanism is connected with the crankshaft, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the crankshaft to rotate; one end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the crankshaft, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the intake valve and the exhaust valve and used for driving the intake valve and the exhaust valve to be opened and closed; the observation window is arranged on one side of the casing and one side of the cylinder, and at least part of the piston, the intake valve, the exhaust valve, the crankshaft and the connecting rod are exposed through the observation window; the problem that in the prior art, various defects exist when demonstration teaching of an aero-engine is carried out in an animation, static section model or real object disassembling mode is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of aviation engine teaching and demonstration, and more particularly relates to a kind of aviation piston engine principle demonstration device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the vigorous development of low-altitude economy, aviation piston engine is increasingly widely used in unmanned aerial vehicle, general aviation aircraft and other low-altitude economic products. As the "heart" of the aircraft, the engine bears the vital role of power output; therefore, its use and maintenance are particularly important.

[0003] In learning aviation piston engine, systemically mastering its working principle is the key. At present, four-stroke engine is widely used in aviation field, but due to the abstract principle of four-stroke, students often have difficulty in intuitive understanding in the learning process.

[0004] The existing four-stroke aviation piston engine teaching and display method mainly relies on animation, static section model or physical disassembly. But these methods have certain limitations, for example:

[0005] 1. Static model is difficult to intuitively present the dynamic working process of each component of the engine;

[0006] 2. Animation demonstration lacks real mechanical structure, which is not conducive to understanding the actual mechanical transmission relationship;

[0007] 3. Physical engine disassembly is high in cost and complex in operation, which is not suitable for daily teaching.

[0008] If a special demonstration device can be designed for teaching, the working process of the engine can be visually displayed, which helps students deepen their understanding and better master the core principle of aviation piston engine, and the mechanism with low cost, intuitive and dynamic demonstration ability is more conducive to training and teaching. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems of various defects in the prior art when using animation, static section model or physical disassembly to demonstrate and teach aviation engine.

[0010] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides an aviation piston engine principle demonstration device, comprising:

[0011] A casing and a cylinder, the cylinder is connected with the casing, and the cylinder is provided with a piston, an intake valve and an exhaust valve;

[0012] A crankshaft, the crankshaft is rotationally connected with the casing, and the crankshaft is connected with the piston through a connecting rod;

[0013] a driving mechanism connected with the crankshaft, the driving mechanism being used to drive the crankshaft to rotate;

[0014] a transmission mechanism, one end of the transmission mechanism being connected with the crankshaft, the other end of the transmission mechanism being connected with the intake valve and the exhaust valve, and the transmission mechanism being used to drive the intake valve and the exhaust valve to open and close;

[0015] an observation window, the observation window being arranged on one side of the cylinder and the crankcase, and the observation window exposing at least part of the piston, the intake valve, the exhaust valve, the crankshaft and the connecting rod.

[0016] Optionally, the cylinder is provided with four cylinders, and the four cylinders are distributed on both sides of the crankshaft.

[0017] Optionally, one end of the crankshaft is provided with a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft on both sides, respectively, two pistons on both sides of the one end of the crankshaft are connected with the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft through a first connecting rod, respectively, and the inclination directions of the two first connecting rods are opposite; the other end of the crankshaft is provided with a third connecting shaft and a fourth connecting shaft on both sides, respectively, two pistons on both sides of the other end of the crankshaft are connected with the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft through a second connecting rod, respectively, and the inclination directions of the two second connecting rods are opposite.

[0018] Optionally, the driving mechanism comprises a rotating disc, and the center of the rotating disc is connected with the one end of the crankshaft.

[0019] Optionally, the transmission mechanism comprises:

[0020] a synchronous rotating shaft, the synchronous rotating shaft being arranged on one side of the crankshaft and being connected with the crankcase to rotate, and the synchronous rotating shaft rotating synchronously with the crankshaft;

[0021] a first push rod and a second push rod, the first push rod and the second push rod being connected with the synchronous rotating shaft through a motion conversion mechanism, respectively, and the motion conversion mechanism being capable of converting the rotation of the synchronous rotating shaft into the linear motion of the first push rod and the second push rod along the axial direction;

[0022] a first rocker arm and a second rocker arm, the middle part of the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm being connected with the end of the cylinder to rotate, two ends of the first rocker arm being connected with the first push rod and the intake valve, respectively, and two ends of the second rocker arm being connected with the second push rod and the exhaust valve, respectively.

[0023] Optionally, the synchronous rotating shaft and the crankshaft are connected with a first gear and a second gear, respectively, and the first gear is engaged with the second gear.

[0024] Optionally, the motion conversion mechanism comprises a cam and a tappet, the cam is connected with the synchronous rotating shaft, one end of the tappet is connected with the first push rod or the second push rod, and the other end of the tappet is matched with the outer periphery of the cam.

[0025] Optionally, the casing and the cylinder are connected to form an outer shell, and the observation window is formed by removing part of the outer shell along a plane on one side of the cylinder axis.

[0026] The aviation piston engine principle demonstration device has a casing, a cylinder, a connecting rod, a piston, an intake valve, an exhaust valve, a crankshaft and the like, can well simulate the structure and action of a real four-stroke aviation piston engine, can flexibly and controllably drive the crankshaft to rotate through the setting of a driving mechanism, can simulate the running process of the engine through the running of the driving mechanism, and can simulate the opening and closing action and opening and closing state of the real intake valve and exhaust valve through the power transmission of a transmission mechanism to the intake valve and exhaust valve, can make the piston, the intake valve, the exhaust valve, the crankshaft and the connecting rod partially exposed through the setting of an observation window, so that an observer can clearly and intuitively observe the internal composition, connection relationship and running principle of the engine, can more intuitively and dynamically demonstrate the working principle of the four-stroke aviation piston engine, and can improve the teaching effect and cognitive experience.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the different views of the drawings and in which:

[0029] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of an aviation piston engine principle demonstration device according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 A top view structural schematic view of an aviation piston engine principle demonstration device according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0031] Explanation of reference signs:

[0032] 1, casing; 2, cylinder; 3, piston; 4, intake valve; 5, exhaust valve; 6, crankshaft; 7, connecting rod; 8, rotating disc; 9, synchronous rotating shaft; 10, first push rod; 11, second rocker arm; 12, first gear; 13, second gear; 14, tappet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are described below, it is to be understood that the present application can be carried out in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application provides an aviation piston engine principle demonstration device, comprising:

[0035] A crankcase 1 and a cylinder 2 connected with the crankcase 1, and a piston 3, an intake valve 4 and an exhaust valve 5 arranged in the cylinder 2;

[0036] A crankshaft 6 rotatably connected with the crankcase 1, and the crankshaft 6 connected with the piston 3 through a connecting rod 7;

[0037] A driving mechanism connected with the crankshaft 6, and the driving mechanism used for driving the crankshaft 6 to rotate;

[0038] A transmission mechanism, one end of the transmission mechanism connected with the crankshaft 6, and the other end of the transmission mechanism connected with the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5, and the transmission mechanism used for driving the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 to open and close;

[0039] An observation window arranged on one side of the crankcase 1 and the cylinder 2, and the observation window exposing at least part of the piston 3, the intake valve 4, the exhaust valve 5, the crankshaft 6 and the connecting rod 7.

[0040] Specifically, in order to solve the problems of the prior art that the animation, static cross-sectional model or physical disassembly method is used for the demonstration and teaching of the aviation engine, the aviation piston engine principle demonstration device provided by the present application has a crankcase 1, a cylinder 2, a connecting rod 7, a piston 3, an intake valve 4, an exhaust valve 5 and a crankshaft 6, which can well simulate the structure and action of a real four-stroke aviation piston engine. Through the arrangement of the driving mechanism, the crankshaft 6 can be flexibly and controllably driven to rotate, and the running process of the engine can be simulated through the operation of the driving mechanism. The power is transmitted to the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 through the transmission mechanism, the opening and closing actions and states of the real intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 are simulated, and through the arrangement of the observation window, the piston 3, the intake valve 4, the exhaust valve 5, the crankshaft 6 and the connecting rod 7 are partially exposed, so that the observer can clearly and intuitively observe the internal composition, connection relationship and running principle of the engine, the working principle of the four-stroke aviation piston engine can be more intuitively and dynamically demonstrated, and the teaching effect and cognitive experience are improved.

[0041] Optionally, the four cylinders 2 are distributed on both sides of the crankshaft 6.

[0042] Specifically, the working principle of the four-cylinder aviation piston 3 engine is demonstrated, and the four cylinders 2 are distributed on both sides of the crankshaft 6, and two cylinders 2 are arranged on opposite sides of the crankshaft 6.

[0043] Optionally, the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are arranged on both sides of one end of the crankshaft 6, and the two pistons 3 on both sides of one end of the crankshaft 6 are respectively connected to the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft through a first connecting rod 7, and the inclination directions of the two first connecting rods 7 are opposite; the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft are arranged on both sides of the other end of the crankshaft 6, and the two pistons 3 on both sides of the other end of the crankshaft 6 are respectively connected to the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft through a second connecting rod 7, and the inclination directions of the two second connecting rods 7 are opposite.

[0044] Specifically, the four connecting shafts are arranged on the crankshaft 6, and the four connecting shafts are arranged in pairs, the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are arranged in pairs, and the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft are arranged in pairs. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the inclination directions of the two connecting rods 7 connected by the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are opposite, and the inclination directions of the two connecting rods 7 connected by the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft are also opposite.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 7 is provided with four first connecting rods 7, second connecting rods 7, third connecting rods 7 and fourth connecting rods 7.

[0046] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a rotating disc 8, and the center of the rotating disc 8 is connected to one end of the crankshaft 6.

[0047] Specifically, the rotating disc 8 can facilitate the rotation operation of the crankshaft 6, and the rotation of the rotating disc 8 drives the rotation of the crankshaft 6, so that the pistons 3, intake valves 4 and exhaust valves 5 in each cylinder 2 are operated to achieve the demonstration effect.

[0048] Optionally, the transmission mechanism includes:

[0049] A synchronous shaft 9 is arranged on one side of the crankshaft 6 and is rotatably connected to the casing 1, and the synchronous shaft 9 rotates synchronously with the crankshaft 6;

[0050] A first push rod 10 and a second push rod are respectively connected to the synchronous shaft 9 through a motion conversion mechanism, and the motion conversion mechanism can convert the rotation of the synchronous shaft 9 into the linear motion of the first push rod 10 and the second push rod along the axial direction;

[0051] The first and second rocker arms 11 are rotatably connected at the middle part to the end of the cylinder 2, and the two ends of the first rocker arm are connected to the first push rod 10 and the intake valve 4 respectively, and the two ends of the second rocker arm 11 are connected to the second push rod and the exhaust valve 5 respectively.

[0052] Specifically, for the driving of the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5, a synchronous rotating shaft 9 is adopted which rotates synchronously with the crankshaft 6, and a motion conversion mechanism is used to convert the rotation of the synchronous rotating shaft 9 into the axial linear motion of the first push rod 10 and the second push rod, and then the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm 11 are used to drive the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 to open and close at the set time, thereby completing the four working strokes: the intake, compression, work, and exhaust movements.

[0053] Optionally, the synchronous rotating shaft 9 and the crankshaft 6 are respectively connected with a first gear 12 and a second gear 13, and the first gear 12 is engaged with the second gear 13.

[0054] Specifically, the synchronous rotating shaft 9 is driven by the engagement of the first gear 12 and the second gear 13 at the end to realize synchronous rotation with the crankshaft 6.

[0055] Optionally, the motion conversion mechanism includes a cam and a tappet 14, the cam is connected with the synchronous rotating shaft 9, one end of the tappet 14 is connected with the first push rod 10 or the second push rod, and the other end of the tappet 14 is matched with the outer periphery of the cam.

[0056] Specifically, the matching of the cam and the tappet 14 enables the rotation of the synchronous rotating shaft 9 to be converted into the axial linear motion of the tappet 14, and the matching of the tappet 14 with the first push rod 10 and the tappet 14 with the second push rod realizes the driving of the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm 11, thereby enabling the driving of the opening and closing of the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5.

[0057] Optionally, the first push rod 10 and the second push rod can also be provided with elastic reset components such as springs or elastic sheets, etc. to realize the automatic reset function thereof towards the tappet 14.

[0058] Optionally, the casing 1 and the cylinder 2 are connected to form an outer shell, and the observation window is formed by removing part of the outer shell along a plane on one side of the central axis of the cylinder 2.

[0059] Specifically, the central axis of the cylinder 2 is the central axis of the piston 3, and the central axes of the four cylinders 2 are in the same first plane, when the observation window is opened, the casing 1 and the cylinder 2 are cut along a plane parallel to the first plane, and the relatively small part of the casing 1 and the cylinder 2 after being cut is removed, so that the piston 3, the intake valve 4, the exhaust valve 5, the crankshaft 6, and the connecting rod 7 can be partially exposed, and the piston 3, the intake valve 4, and the exhaust valve 5 can be fully constrained and guided.

[0060] In this embodiment, the observation window is cut at about one third of the upper part of the cylinder 2, so that the internal structure is clearly visible.

[0061] In summary, the aviation piston 3 engine principle demonstration device provided by the present application can be used for manual rotation of the turntable 8, or driving the rotation of the turntable 8 and the crankshaft 6 through an external motor, so that the crankshaft 6 drives the connecting rod 7 to move, and finally the piston 3 completes the reciprocating linear motion in the cylinder 2. Through the device, the four working strokes of the aviation piston 3 engine can be completely reproduced: intake, compression, work, and exhaust, and the motion relationship between the piston 3 and the crankshaft 6 is clearly displayed. In addition, the rotation rate of the turntable 8 is easy to control, and learners can slow down or speed up the demonstration speed according to needs to adapt to different teaching scenarios. At the same time, the opening and closing of the valve are simulated by a mechanical transmission mechanism; the crankshaft 6 and the synchronous shaft 9 are connected through the first gear 12 and the second gear 13, so that the crankshaft 6 drives the synchronous shaft 9 to rotate synchronously; the cam on the synchronous shaft 9 contacts the tappet 14 to drive the tappet 14 to move, and then drives the push rod and the rocker arm to move, realizing the opening and closing of the intake valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5; the device reproduces the valve train of the real engine, and makes the demonstration effect more intuitive.

[0062] The aviation piston 3 engine principle demonstration device has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0063] 1. High intuitiveness: without disassembling the piston 3 engine, the internal composition and the connection mode of each component can be clearly observed, the rotation of the crankshaft 6 is driven by the turntable 8, the reciprocating motion of the piston 3, the opening and closing of the valve, and the linkage relationship between the components can be clearly demonstrated, so that the observer can intuitively understand the working principle of the four-stroke engine;

[0064] 2. High reduction degree: strictly designed according to the real working principle of the four-stroke aviation piston 3 engine, the demonstration model can accurately reflect the working process of the actual engine, providing strong support for aviation engineering teaching and engine principle research, and the device optimizes the component layout, making the overall structure simple and efficient, convenient for teaching demonstration and display;

[0065] 3. Controllability: compared with the traditional physical engine, the device is convenient to adjust the speed, so that learners can observe the movement of each part at different speeds;

[0066] 4. Safety and convenience: the mechanism is only used for teaching display, without fuel and ignition system, safe to operate, suitable for teaching, training and exhibition;

[0067] 5. Expandability: the device can be combined with a transparent casing 1 or cylinder 2, or LED indicator light and electronic sensing device, to realize a more intelligent and interactive demonstration effect, improve the teaching experience and engineering research value;

[0068] 6. Economical and practical: simple structure design, low cost, convenient operation, suitable for teaching and popular science demonstration.

[0069] Having described various embodiments of the application, it is to be understood that the above description is meant to be illustrative only, and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. An aviation piston engine principle demonstration device, characterized in that, The application relates to a four-stroke engine, which comprises: a casing and cylinders connected with the casing, wherein pistons, intake valves and exhaust valves are arranged in the cylinders; a crankshaft rotatably connected with the casing, wherein the crankshaft is connected with the pistons through connecting rods; a driving mechanism connected with the crankshaft, which is used for driving the crankshaft to rotate; a transmission mechanism, one end of which is connected with the crankshaft, and the other end of which is connected with the intake valves and the exhaust valves, and which is used for driving the intake valves and the exhaust valves to open and close; an observation window arranged on one side of the casing and the cylinders, which exposes at least part of the pistons, the intake valves, the exhaust valves, the crankshaft and the connecting rods.

2. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized by The cylinders are arranged in four, and two of the cylinders are arranged on each side of the crankshaft.

3. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device according to claim 2, characterized by First connecting shafts and second connecting shafts are arranged on the two sides of one end of the crankshaft, and the two pistons arranged on the two sides of one end of the crankshaft are rotatably connected with the first connecting shafts and the second connecting shafts through first connecting rods, and the two first connecting rods are oppositely inclined; third connecting shafts and fourth connecting shafts are arranged on the two sides of the other end of the crankshaft, and the two pistons arranged on the two sides of the other end of the crankshaft are rotatably connected with the third connecting shafts and the fourth connecting shafts through second connecting rods, and the two second connecting rods are oppositely inclined.

4. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device of claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism comprises a rotating disc, and the centre of the rotating disc is connected with one end of the crankshaft.

5. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device of claim 1, wherein, The transmission mechanism comprises: a synchronous rotating shaft arranged on one side of the crankshaft and rotatably connected with the casing, which rotates synchronously with the crankshaft; first push rods and second push rods, which are connected with the synchronous rotating shaft through movement conversion mechanisms, and the movement conversion mechanisms can convert the rotation of the synchronous rotating shaft into the linear movement of the first push rods and the second push rods along the axial direction; first rocker arms and second rocker arms, the middle parts of which are rotatably connected with the end parts of the cylinders, and the two ends of the first rocker arms are connected with the first push rods and the intake valves respectively, and the two ends of the second rocker arms are connected with the second push rods and the exhaust valves respectively.

6. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device according to claim 5, characterized by The synchronous rotating shaft and the crankshaft are respectively connected with first gears and second gears, and the first gears are engaged with the second gears.

7. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device according to claim 5, characterized by The movement conversion mechanisms comprise cams and tappets, the cams are connected with the synchronous rotating shaft, one end of the tappet is connected with the first push rod or the second push rod, and the other end of the tappet is matched with the outer periphery of the cam.

8. The aviation piston engine principles demonstration device of claim 1, wherein, The casing and the cylinders are connected to form an outer shell, and the observation window is formed by removing part of the outer shell along a plane on one side of the central axis of the cylinders.

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