Reforming reaction device and fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reforming reaction device and a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system comprises an electric pile and the reforming reaction device. The reforming reaction device comprises a reformer, a combustor, a first heat exchanger and a mixing chamber, the combustor and the reformer are arranged adjacently, and the combustor can thermally radiate the reformer; the first heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet pipe; the mixing chamber is communicated with the reformer through a pipeline, a fuel gas inlet pipe is arranged in the mixing chamber, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the mixing chamber through a pipeline, and water vapor generated by the first heat exchanger is mixed with fuel gas in the mixing chamber. Heat generated by the combustor is transmitted to the reformer in a heat radiation mode to supplement heat loss caused by the reforming reaction, so that the temperature of the reformer is kept within a set range. The first heat exchanger generates water vapor, and the water vapor enters the mixing chamber and is mixed with the fuel gas, so that the temperature of the inlet of the reformer is controlled. The utility model can be widely applied to the technical field of fuel cells.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell, in particular to a reforming reaction device and a fuel cell system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel gas supply is required for the operation of fuel cell system, and the commonly used fuel gas is natural gas. Natural gas contains a small amount of multi-carbon in addition to methane. Multi-carbon will carbonize when entering the high-temperature stack, causing carbon deposition and leading to stack failure. Therefore, natural gas needs to be subjected to a reforming reaction to remove multi-carbon before entering the stack, and the reaction generates the gas components required by the stack. The reformer of the fuel cell is filled with catalyst, which is the place where natural gas is subjected to a reforming reaction. Before entering the reformer, natural gas needs to be uniformly mixed with high-temperature superheated steam, and then enter the reformer, where the reforming reaction is carried out under the action of the catalyst. After the reforming reaction, the natural gas generates the gas components required by the stack, which are then introduced into the stack for power generation.

[0003] The stack in the fuel cell system has specific requirements for the gas components entering it. The generation of the specific gas components requires the natural gas to be subjected to a reforming reaction at a specific temperature. If the reforming reaction temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the generation of the gas components, the service life of the stack, or the power generation efficiency, etc. Therefore, how to control the temperature of the reforming reaction is the key to designing the reformer. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] To solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application provides a reforming reaction device and a fuel cell system, which employ the following technical solutions.

[0005] The fuel cell system provided by the present application comprises a stack and a reforming reaction device.

[0006] The reforming reaction device provided by the present application comprises a reformer, a burner, a first heat exchanger, and a mixing chamber. The burner is arranged adjacent to the reformer and can heat radiate the reformer. The first heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet pipe. The mixing chamber is connected to the reformer through a pipeline. The mixing chamber is provided with a fuel gas inlet pipe. The first heat exchanger is connected to the mixing chamber through a pipeline. The water vapor generated by the first heat exchanger is mixed with the fuel gas in the mixing chamber.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the burner and the reformer have a heat insulation zone and a heat radiation zone therebetween. The heat insulation zone and the heat radiation zone are arranged in layers. The heat insulation zone extends from the outer side of the burner to the outer side of the reformer. The heat radiation zone extends from the outer side of the burner to the outer side of the reformer.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the reforming device comprises at least one partition plate, one end of the partition plate extends to the outer side of the combustor, the other end of the partition plate extends to the outer side of the reformer, and at least one heat insulation zone and at least one heat radiation zone are formed between the reformer and the combustor by at least one partition plate.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the reformer is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to the mixing chamber by a pipeline, and the air inlet is close to the heat radiation zone.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat insulation zone is provided with a heat insulation structure.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the reformer comprises a hollow plate shell, and the plate shell is hollow to form a reforming chamber of the reformer.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the combustor is connected to the first heat exchanger by a pipeline, and the combustor is used to provide the required heat for water heat exchange of the first heat exchanger.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the reforming device comprises a cooler, the cooler is arranged in the pipeline between the reformer and the mixing chamber, and the cooler is used to cool the gas in the mixing chamber entering the reformer.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, at least a part of the exhaust gas burned in the combustor is the exhaust gas generated in the stack by the gas from the reformer.

[0015] The present application has at least the following beneficial effects: in the reforming device, the combustor is arranged adjacent to the reformer, the heat generated by the combustor is transferred to the reformer in the form of heat radiation to make up for the heat loss caused by the reforming reaction, so as to maintain the temperature of the reformer in a set range. The present application can be widely applied in the field of fuel cell technology.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The present application will be further illustrated below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be noted that the examples embodied in the following drawings are exemplary and are used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0018] Fig. 1 The schematic diagram of the principle of the reforming device.

[0019] Fig. 2FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reforming reaction apparatus.

[0020] Fig. 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a reformer.

[0021] Fig. 4 FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a reformer.

[0022] Reference numerals: stack 100; reformer 200; first heat exchanger 310; second heat exchanger 320; mixing chamber 400; burner 500; heat radiation zone 610; heat insulation zone 620; partition 630; heat insulation structure 640; cooler 700. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this case, the same or similar components are designated by the same or similar reference numerals, and repeated description of which is omitted. Figs. 1 to 4 The embodiments of the present application will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this case, the same or similar components are designated by the same or similar reference numerals, and repeated description of which is omitted.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "middle", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0025] In the description of the present application, if the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of indicated technical features.

[0026] In the description of the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect" should be understood broadly, for example: it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the description of the application, if the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "one example", "some examples", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "example", "specific example", "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the description, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0028] The application relates to a fuel cell system, which comprises an electric pile 100 and a reforming reaction device, wherein the fuel gas after the reforming reaction enters the electric pile 100.

[0029] Other configurations and operations of the fuel cell system are recorded in the related art for those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here. The structure of the reforming reaction device will be introduced below.

[0030] The application relates to a reforming reaction device, which comprises a reformer 200, a first heat exchanger 310 and a mixing chamber 400, the first heat exchanger 310 is provided with a water inlet pipe, the mixing chamber 400 is connected to the reformer 200 through a pipeline, the reformer 200 is provided with an air inlet for connecting the mixing chamber 400, the mixing chamber 400 is provided with a fuel gas inlet pipe, and the first heat exchanger 310 is connected to the mixing chamber 400 through a pipeline. It can be understood that the water enters the first heat exchanger 310 and becomes water vapor after heat exchange, the water vapor enters the mixing chamber 400, the fuel gas and the water vapor are mixed to control the temperature of the fuel gas, the mixed gas enters the reformer 200, and the reformer 200 outputs the fuel gas after the reforming reaction.

[0031] Further, the reforming reaction device comprises a burner 500, the burner 500 is a high-temperature heat source, the burner 500 is arranged adjacent to the reformer 200, the burner 500 can heat radiate the reformer 200, thereby compensating for the heat loss of the reformer 200 during the reforming reaction and maintaining the temperature of the reforming reaction. It can be understood that the reformer 200 is heat-insulated by heat radiation of the burner 500.

[0032] It should be noted that if the temperature in the reforming reaction process is too low, the reaction depth is insufficient, and the multi-carbon in the fuel gas cannot be completely removed, which causes damage to the stack 100. If the temperature in the reforming reaction process is too high, the reaction depth is too high, and the methane in the fuel gas is excessively reformed, and the reaction product is not required by the stack 100.

[0033] Therefore, the reforming reaction device of the present application can control the temperature of the gas entering the gas inlet of the reformer 200 under the mixing of water vapor. The reformer 200 is heated by the burner 500 because the reforming reaction is an endothermic reaction, and the temperature decreases during the reaction process. Therefore, the burner 500 supplies heat to the reformer 200 in the form of heat radiation, which can maintain the temperature of the reforming reaction within the set range throughout the process, thereby controlling the depth of the reforming reaction and the reaction product composition.

[0034] In some embodiments, the burner 500 and the reformer 200 have a heat radiation area 610 extending from the outer side of the burner 500 to the outer side of the reformer 200. It can be understood that the heat generated by the burner 500 is transferred from the heat radiation area 610 to the reformer 200.

[0035] The burner 500 and the reformer 200 are spaced apart, and the heat radiation area 610 is at least part of the space between the burner 500 and the reformer 200.

[0036] Further, the burner 500 and the reformer 200 have a heat insulation area 620 extending from the outer side of the burner 500 to the outer side of the reformer 200. The heat insulation area 620 is used to block the heat transfer between the burner 500 and the reformer 200, and the reforming reaction device designs the size of the heat radiation area 610 between the burner 500 and the reformer 200 by designing the heat insulation area 620 to adapt to the reaction depth of the reforming reaction.

[0037] It should be noted that the heat insulation area 620 and the heat radiation area 610 are arranged in layers. If the heat insulation area 620 is large, the heat radiation area 610 is small; if the heat insulation area 620 is small, the heat radiation area 610 is large.

[0038] In some examples, the reforming reaction device includes a partition plate 630, one end of the partition plate 630 extending to the outer side of the burner 500, and the other end of the partition plate 630 extending to the outer side of the reformer 200. The heat insulation area 620 and the heat radiation area 610 are formed between the reformer 200 and the burner 500 by the partition plate 630, and the heat insulation area 620 and the heat radiation area 610 are separated by the partition plate 630, which ensures that the heat is transferred in the heat radiation area 610.

[0039] In another aspect, the sizes of the heat insulation zone 620 and the heat radiation zone 610 are adjusted by adjusting the position of the partition plate 630 between the burner 500 and the reformer 200. Specifically, the sizes of the heat insulation zone 620 and the heat radiation zone 610 are adjusted by adjusting the height of the partition plate 630.

[0040] Further, the partition plate 630 is provided in at least one layer. At least one heat insulation zone 620 and at least one heat radiation zone 610 are formed between the reformer 200 and the burner 500 by the at least one layer of partition plate 630, and the number of heat radiation zones 610 can be flexibly adjusted by increasing the number of partition plates 630, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the reformer 200 is more uniform.

[0041] It should be noted that the gas inlet of the reformer 200 is connected to the mixing chamber 400 through a pipeline, and the mixed gas of the gas and the water vapor in the mixing chamber 400 enters the reformer 200 from the gas inlet, and the temperature of the mixed gas at the gas inlet can be controlled by mixing the water vapor. Further, the gas inlet is close to the heat radiation zone 610, so that the mixed gas of the gas and the water vapor can quickly obtain the heat compensation of the heat radiation zone 610, and the heat is replenished in time to ensure that the entire reforming reaction is maintained within the set temperature range, which is beneficial to the reforming reaction of multi-carbon.

[0042] In some embodiments, the heat insulation zone 620 is provided with a heat insulation structure 640 arranged on the partition plate 630. It can be understood that the heat insulation structure 640 is made of a material capable of blocking heat transfer and resistant to high temperature.

[0043] Specifically, the heat insulation structure 640 includes heat insulation cotton. Of course, the heat insulation structure 640 can also be made of other materials with heat insulation effect.

[0044] In some embodiments, the reformer 200 includes a hollow plate shell, and the plate shell is hollow to form a reforming chamber of the reformer 200. The plate shell is provided as a rectangular plate, and the side of the length and width of the plate shell faces the burner 500.

[0045] It should be noted that the length and width dimensions of the plate shell are both greater than the thickness dimension, the thickness direction of the plate shell is small, the heat conduction distance in the thickness direction is short, and the temperature difference is small, which is beneficial to the reformer 200 to absorb the heat radiation of the burner 500. On the other hand, the structure of the plate shell is simple and convenient to process, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0046] In some embodiments, the burner 500 is used to provide the required heat for water heat exchange of the first heat exchanger 310, so that the water becomes water vapor.

[0047] Specifically, the combustor 500 is connected to the first heat exchanger 310 by a pipeline, the combustor 500 burns the generated high-temperature tail gas into the first heat exchanger 310, and the high-temperature tail gas exchanges heat with water to make the water into water vapor. It can be understood that the first heat exchanger 310 makes full use of the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas.

[0048] In some examples, the reforming reaction device controls the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger by controlling the flow of the high-temperature tail gas of the combustor 500 to the first heat exchanger 310, thereby controlling the temperature of the mixed gas entering the reformer 200. The greater the flow of high-temperature tail gas, the higher the temperature of the water vapor, and the higher the temperature of the mixed gas.

[0049] In some examples, the reforming reaction device controls the amount of water vapor by controlling the flow of water into the first heat exchanger 310, thereby controlling the temperature of the gas entering the gas inlet of the reformer 200.

[0050] In some embodiments, the reforming reaction device comprises a cooler 700, which is located between the reformer 200 and the mixing chamber 400, and is used to cool the gas in the mixing chamber 400 entering the reformer 200 to control the temperature of the reforming reaction, and is used to reduce the temperature of the mixed gas to avoid the temperature of the mixed gas exceeding the set temperature.

[0051] Specifically, the pipeline between the reformer 200 and the mixing chamber 400 is provided with the cooler 700.

[0052] Further, the cooler 700 is provided as a heat exchanger. In some examples, normal temperature air or cooled air enters the cooler 700, and the mixed gas of the fuel gas and the water vapor enters the reformer 200 after completing heat exchange with the air.

[0053] In some embodiments, the reforming reaction device comprises a temperature detector for monitoring the temperature environment in the reforming reaction device. Specifically, the temperature detector is provided as a temperature sensor.

[0054] In some examples, the water outlet of the first heat exchanger 310 is provided with a temperature detector to detect the temperature of the water vapor when it is output from the first heat exchanger 310. It can be understood that according to the difference between the detected temperature and the set temperature, the input amount of normal temperature air or cold air in the cooler 700 is determined.

[0055] In other examples, the gas outlet of the mixing chamber 400 is provided with a temperature detector to detect the temperature of the mixed gas of the fuel gas and the water vapor when it is output from the mixing chamber 400.

[0056] In still other examples, the water outlet of the first heat exchanger 310 and the gas outlet of the mixing chamber 400 are both provided with temperature detectors.

[0057] In some embodiments, the reforming reaction device comprises a second heat exchanger 320, which is connected to the reformer 200 through a pipeline, and the gas after the reforming reaction in the reformer 200 enters the second heat exchanger 320.

[0058] Specifically, the reformer 200 is provided with a first gas outlet, and the second heat exchanger 320 is connected to the first gas outlet through a pipeline.

[0059] In some embodiments, at least part of the tail gas burned in the combustor 500 is from the tail gas generated in the stack 100 from the gas in the reformer 200.

[0060] In some examples, the stack 100 is connected to the second heat exchanger 320 through a pipeline, and the gas after the reforming reaction in the reformer 200 first enters the second heat exchanger 320, and then enters the stack 100, and the tail gas generated in the stack 100 enters the combustor 500.

[0061] It should be noted that the tail gas burned in the combustor 500 can also come from other ways.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A reforming reaction apparatus characterized by comprising: The reformer; The burner is arranged adjacent to the reformer, and can heat radiate the reformer; The first heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet pipe; The mixing chamber is communicated with the reformer through a pipeline, and is provided with a gas inlet pipe; the first heat exchanger is communicated with the mixing chamber through a pipeline, and the water vapor generated by the first heat exchanger is mixed with the gas in the mixing chamber. The burner and the reformer have a heat insulation zone and a heat radiation zone, the heat insulation zone and the heat radiation zone are arranged in layers, the heat insulation zone extends from the outer side of the burner to the outer side of the reformer, and the heat radiation zone extends from the outer side of the burner to the outer side of the reformer.

2. The reforming reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The reforming reaction device comprises at least one partition plate, one end of the partition plate extends to the outer side of the burner, the other end of the partition plate extends to the outer side of the reformer, and at least one heat insulation zone and at least one heat radiation zone are formed between the reformer and the burner through at least one partition plate.

3. The reforming reaction apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The reformer is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is communicated with the mixing chamber through a pipeline, and the air inlet is close to the heat radiation zone.

4. The reforming reaction apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by: The heat insulation zone is provided with a heat insulation structure.

5. The reforming reaction apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by: The reformer comprises a hollow plate shell, and the plate shell is hollow to form a reforming chamber of the reformer.

6. The reforming reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: The burner is communicated with the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the burner is used to provide the required heat for water heat exchange of the first heat exchanger.

7. The reforming reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: The reforming reaction device comprises a cooler, the pipeline between the reformer and the mixing chamber is provided with the cooler, and the cooler is used to cool the gas in the mixing chamber entering the reformer.

8. The reforming reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: At least a part of the exhaust gas burned in the burner is the exhaust gas generated in the electric pile from the gas of the reformer.

9. The reforming reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The reforming reaction device comprises an electric pile and a reforming reaction device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

10. A fuel cell system characterized by comprising: ​

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