Grinding wheel and grinding machine for machining flat workpieces

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grinding wheel and a grinding machine for machining flat workpieces. The grinding wheel comprises a grinding disc, a mounting seat and a rotating shaft, the end face, deviating from the grinding working face, of the grinding disc is connected with the mounting base, and the first end of the rotating shaft is connected with the mounting base so as to drive the mounting base to drive the grinding disc to rotate. The grinding disc is in a circular ring shape, a deformation hole is formed in the grinding disc, the deformation hole is a spiral hole, the center of the deformation hole coincides with the center of the grinding disc, and the deformation hole is communicated with a constant-temperature liquid supply system through a water channel so that anti-freezing liquid can circulate between the constant-temperature liquid supply system and the deformation hole. The deformation of the grinding disc is controlled by controlling the working temperature of the anti-freezing solution in the deformation hole, so that the surface type of the grinding working surface of the grinding disc is changed. The problem that in the related technology, a grinding wheel can only machine one workpiece surface type is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of grinding technology, and more specifically, to a grinding wheel and grinding machine for processing flat workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] High-precision grinding machines are used for fine grinding of workpieces, primarily relying on grinding wheels to grind the workpiece surface. Existing technologies, whether single-sided or double-sided, limit the ability to process only one specific workpiece surface shape when using a particular grinding wheel. However, in actual production scenarios, various workpieces with different shapes and features are encountered, potentially possessing concave or convex micro-curved surfaces. When grinding these complex and diverse workpieces, high-precision grinding machines must frequently change different grinding wheels to adapt to the processing requirements of varying workpiece surface shapes. This necessitates equipping high-precision grinding machines with multiple grinding wheel configurations, increasing production costs and disrupting normal production rhythms, thus impacting overall production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a grinding wheel and a grinding machine for processing flat workpieces, so as to solve the problem that grinding wheels can only process one type of workpiece surface in related technologies.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces, comprising: a grinding disc, a mounting base, and a rotating shaft;

[0005] The end face of the grinding disc away from the grinding working surface is connected to the mounting base, and the first end of the rotating shaft is connected to the mounting base to drive the mounting base to rotate the grinding disc.

[0006] The grinding disc is annular in shape and has a deformation hole inside. The deformation hole is spiral in shape and its center coincides with the center of the grinding disc. The deformation hole is connected to a constant temperature liquid supply system through a water channel so that antifreeze circulates between the constant temperature liquid supply system and the deformation hole. This controls the working temperature of the antifreeze in the deformation hole to control the deformation of the grinding disc, thereby changing the surface shape of the grinding working surface of the grinding disc.

[0007] Optionally, the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application further includes a rotary joint, which is connected to the second end of the rotating shaft. One end of the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the rotary joint is connected to the two sides of the deformation hole through a water channel passing through the rotating shaft and the mounting base. The other end of the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the rotary joint is connected to the constant temperature liquid supply system.

[0008] Optionally, both ends of the deformation hole are located on the end face of the grinding disc away from the grinding working surface.

[0009] Optionally, the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application further includes a seal, the mounting base is provided with a sealing groove, the seal is installed in the sealing groove, and the seal is sealed at the position where the deformation hole and the water channel in the mounting base meet.

[0010] Optionally, the deformation holes extend outwards from the center of the annular ring width of the grinding disk to both the inner and outer sides.

[0011] Optionally, the spiral shape of the deformation hole is a planar spiral.

[0012] Optionally, the spiral shape of the deformable hole is an Archimedean spiral.

[0013] Optionally, the grinding disc includes a first substrate and a second substrate, the deformation hole is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the grinding working surface is located on the first substrate.

[0014] Optionally, the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application further includes multiple grinding blocks and a fixing layer disposed on the grinding working surface;

[0015] The plurality of grinding blocks are distributed on the fixed layer in different concentric circles, and the grinding end face of each grinding block is exposed on the fixed layer, and the grinding end face is flush with the end face of the fixed layer.

[0016] The fixing layer is provided with a plurality of guide grooves extending from the inside of the fixing layer to the outer edge of the fixing layer, and the grinding blocks are arranged on both sides of the guide grooves;

[0017] The grinding disc is provided with a plurality of liquid passage holes, and each of the guide channels corresponds to at least one liquid passage hole; one end of the liquid passage hole is connected to the coolant, and the other end is connected to the corresponding guide channel, and the connection position between the liquid passage hole and the guide channel is far away from the edge of the fixing layer.

[0018] Secondly, this application also provides a grinding machine, including the aforementioned grinding wheel for processing flat workpieces.

[0019] The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application embodiment comprises a grinding disc, a mounting base, and a rotating shaft. The end face of the grinding disc facing away from the grinding working surface is connected to the mounting base, and the first end of the rotating shaft is connected to the mounting base to drive the mounting base to rotate the grinding disc. The grinding disc is annular and has a deformation hole inside. The deformation hole is a spiral-shaped hole, and the center of the deformation hole coincides with the center of the grinding disc. The deformation hole is connected to a constant temperature liquid supply system through a water channel, so that antifreeze circulates between the constant temperature liquid supply system and the deformation hole. This controls the working temperature of the antifreeze in the deformation hole to control the deformation of the grinding disc, thereby changing the surface shape of the grinding working surface of the grinding disc. In this way, by adjusting the working temperature of the antifreeze inside the deformation hole, the overall temperature of the grinding disc can be effectively controlled. This process is based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction. When the temperature of the antifreeze changes, it will directly cause the thermal expansion or contraction of the grinding disc material, which in turn will cause the surface shape of the grinding disc to change accordingly. This achieves the purpose of flexibly adjusting the shape of the grinding disc's working surface, and realizes the technical effect that one grinding wheel can process multiple workpiece surface shapes, thus improving the applicability and flexibility of the grinding machine. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second substrate according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a grinding disc according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the grinding working surface when the antifreeze temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, according to the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6BThis is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the grinding working surface when the antifreeze temperature is 50 degrees Celsius, based on the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 6C This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the grinding working surface when the antifreeze temperature is 1 degree Celsius, based on the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of another grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein.

[0037] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0038] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "equipped with," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In addition, the term "multiple" should mean two or more.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] To solve related technical problems, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second substrate according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a grinding disc according to an embodiment of this application; the embodiment of this application provides a grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces, including: a grinding disc 1, a mounting base 5, and a rotating shaft 6;

[0043] The end face of the grinding disc 1 facing away from the grinding working surface 103 is connected to the mounting base 5. The first end of the rotating shaft 6 is connected to the mounting base 5 to drive the mounting base 5 to rotate the grinding disc. The grinding disc 1 is circular. The grinding disc 1 is provided with a deformation hole 12. The deformation hole 12 is a spiral-shaped hole, and the center of the deformation hole 12 coincides with the center of the grinding disc 1. The deformation hole 12 is connected to a constant temperature liquid supply system through a water channel so that antifreeze circulates between the constant temperature liquid supply system and the deformation hole 12. This controls the working temperature of the antifreeze in the deformation hole 12 to control the deformation of the grinding disc 1, thereby changing the surface shape of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, by adjusting the working temperature of the antifreeze inside the deformation hole 12, the overall temperature of the grinding disc 1 can be effectively controlled. This process is based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction. When the temperature of the antifreeze changes, it will directly cause the material of the grinding disc 1 to expand or contract, thereby causing the surface shape of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 to change accordingly. This achieves the purpose of flexibly adjusting the shape of the working surface of the grinding disc 1, and achieves the technical effect that one grinding wheel can process multiple workpiece surface shapes, thus improving the applicability and flexibility of the grinding machine.

[0045] When processing flat workpieces with different surface shapes, the working temperature of the antifreeze in the deformation hole 12 can be adjusted by the constant temperature liquid supply system. Since the antifreeze has a specific coefficient of thermal expansion, when the temperature of the antifreeze is adjusted by the constant temperature liquid supply system of the grinding machine, the temperature of the grinding disc 1 is changed, causing the grinding disc 1 to expand or contract accordingly, which in turn causes the entire grinding disc 1 to deform. The grinding working surface 103 is located in the circumferential direction of the grinding disc 1 and faces upward. The deformation of the grinding working surface 103 is the most intense, causing a small bulge or depression in the middle of the circumferential width of the grinding disc 1, that is, the surface shape of the grinding working surface 103 changes.

[0046] For example, such as Figures 6A to 6C As shown, Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the grinding working surface when the antifreeze temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, according to the embodiments of this application; Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the grinding working surface when the antifreeze temperature is 50 degrees Celsius, based on the embodiments of this application; Figure 6C This is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the grinding surface when the antifreeze temperature is 1 degree Celsius, according to an embodiment of this application. When machining a flat workpiece, the constant temperature supply system of the grinding machine can set the antifreeze temperature to 25 degrees Celsius. At this time, such as Figure 6A As shown, the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 is a flat surface; when it is necessary to process a concave curved workpiece, the temperature of the antifreeze can be increased to cause the grinding disc 1 to expand, thereby making the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 slightly convex, such as... Figure 6BAs shown; conversely, when machining convex curved workpieces, the antifreeze temperature is lowered, causing the grinding disc 1 to contract and the grinding working surface 103 to slightly concave, as shown. Figure 6C As shown. This method of adjusting the grinding surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 by controlling the deformation of the grinding disc 1 through temperature allows the same grinding wheel to adapt to the processing requirements of flat workpieces with different surface shapes, eliminating the need for frequent grinding wheel replacements. This significantly improves processing efficiency and the versatility of the grinding wheel, while reducing production costs and equipment adjustment time.

[0047] In this embodiment, the size of the flat workpiece is extremely small relative to the size of the grinding disc 1. The grinding wheel provided in this embodiment for processing flat workpieces typically processes a dozen or even dozens of flat workpieces at a time. To process these small curved flat workpieces, the surface profile of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 only needs to be slightly altered. Typically, the deformation of the surface profile of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 is at the micrometer level. Figure 6B and Figure 6C The change in surface shape of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 is a schematic diagram to highlight the deformation effect. In actual application, the deformation of the surface shape of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1 is not visible to the naked eye.

[0048] In some feasible embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application also includes a rotary joint 7. The rotary joint 7 is connected to the second end of the rotating shaft 6. One end of the liquid inlet 71 and the liquid outlet 72 of the rotary joint 7 are respectively connected to the two sides of the deformation hole 12 through a water channel that passes through the rotating shaft 6 and the mounting base 5. The other end of the liquid inlet 71 and the liquid outlet 72 of the rotary joint 7 are connected to the constant temperature liquid supply system.

[0049] Specifically, by setting up the rotary joint 7, a stable circulation of antifreeze between the constant temperature supply system and the deformation hole 12 can be achieved during the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel. The rotary joint 7 ensures continuous delivery of antifreeze under dynamic operating conditions and effectively avoids liquid leakage. The water channel design that runs through the rotating shaft 6 and the mounting base 5 allows the antifreeze to flow sequentially from the rotary joint 7 through the internal channel of the rotating shaft 6, the preset flow channel of the mounting base 5, and finally into the deformation hole 12 of the grinding disc 1. After completing heat exchange, it returns to the constant temperature supply system along the original path, forming a closed-loop circulation path and ensuring precise temperature control of the grinding disc 1.

[0050] In addition, the constant temperature liquid supply system in the embodiment can be the constant temperature liquid supply system in the high precision grinding machine in the prior art. The constant temperature liquid supply system in the high precision grinding machine in the prior art is a system for supplying grinding fluid. In this embodiment, an additional constant temperature liquid supply system can be installed. It is only necessary to replace the original grinding fluid with antifreeze and connect the constant temperature liquid supply system to the rotary joint 7 according to the water circuit setting in this embodiment.

[0051] Optionally, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, both ends of the deformation hole 12 are located on the end face of the grinding disc 1 away from the grinding working surface 103.

[0052] Specifically, both ends of the deformation hole 12 are located on the end face of the grinding disc 1 away from the grinding working surface 103. This makes the processing of the deformation hole 12 and the subsequent water channel connection more convenient, eliminating the need to open holes on the side or edge of the grinding disc 1. This simplifies the overall structure of the grinding disc 1 and effectively avoids the impact on the stability of the grinding working surface 103 that may be caused by opening holes on the side, ensuring the structural strength and operational stability of the grinding disc 1 during high-speed rotation grinding.

[0053] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application also includes a seal 8. The mounting base 5 is provided with a sealing groove, the seal 8 is installed in the sealing groove, and the seal 8 seals the deformation hole 12 at the water channel docking position in the mounting base 5.

[0054] Specifically, by setting the seal 8, leakage of antifreeze at the interface between the deformation hole 12 and the water channel of the mounting base 5 can be effectively prevented. The sealing groove provides a stable installation space for the seal 8, ensuring that the seal 8 can fit tightly against the surface of the interface, forming a reliable sealing interface. The seal 8 can be made of oil-resistant and heat-resistant rubber sealing rings or polyurethane sealing gaskets, etc., to adapt to the characteristics of antifreeze and the temperature changes that may occur when the grinding disc is working.

[0055] Optionally, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the deformation holes 12 extend from the center of the annular ring width of the grinding disk 1 to both the inner and outer sides.

[0056] Specifically, the deformation holes 12 extend from the center of the annular width of the grinding disk 1 outwards to both the inner and outer sides, enabling the grinding disk 1 to deform more uniformly and symmetrically in the annular width direction when the temperature changes. When the deformation holes 12 extend from the center of the annular width to both the inner and outer sides, the stress and deformation trends of the central region and the inner and outer edge regions of the grinding disk 1 material can be better coordinated during the thermal expansion and contraction process. This avoids the problem of uneven surface adjustment caused by excessive or insufficient local deformation, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the surface shape change of the grinding working surface 103 and ensuring that the surface shape error of the processed workpiece is smaller.

[0057] Optionally, the spiral shape of the deformation hole 12 is a planar spiral.

[0058] Specifically, the spiral shape of the deformation hole 12 is a planar spiral, which allows the antifreeze to form a continuous and uniform flow path within the grinding disc 1. When the antifreeze circulates within the spiral channel, it can fully exchange heat with the material of the grinding disc 1, ensuring a more uniform temperature distribution from the center to the edge of the grinding disc 1. This avoids uneven deformation caused by excessive local temperature differences, further improving the stability and reliability of the surface profile adjustment of the grinding working surface 103. In addition, the planar spiral structure maximizes the channel length within the limited internal space of the grinding disc 1, increasing the contact area and heat exchange time between the antifreeze and the grinding disc 1. This improves the sensitivity and response speed of temperature control, enabling the grinding disc 1 to quickly reach and maintain the target temperature, thus adapting to the immediate needs of surface profile adjustment under different processing conditions.

[0059] Optionally, the spiral shape of the deformation hole 12 is an Archimedean spiral.

[0060] Specifically, the Archimedean spiral is characterized by the equal tangents at the angles where all rays intersect the spiral. This results in extremely high uniformity and symmetry in the distribution of the deformation holes 12 within the grinding disk 1. In other words, the deformation holes 12, designed with an Archimedean spiral, have equal spacing between each turn. When antifreeze circulates within them, it can uniformly regulate the temperature at all radial positions of the grinding disk 1. This uniformity ensures that the overall deformation of the grinding disk 1 follows a predetermined pattern during thermal expansion and contraction, avoiding problems such as localized stress concentration or inconsistent deformation caused by uneven hole distribution. For example, when a slight convex deformation of the grinding disk 1 is required, the Archimedean spiral-shaped deformation holes 12 allow heat to be evenly transferred to all parts of the grinding disk 1, causing it to expand uniformly from the center to the edge, thus forming a regular convex surface. Conversely, when cooling and contracting to form a concave surface, the regularity and accuracy of the surface shape are also guaranteed. This design is crucial for achieving precise micron-level surface profile control and is one of the key factors in ensuring the machining accuracy of flat workpieces.

[0061] When performing software simulations to adjust the surface shape of the grinding surface 103, more precise analysis can be achieved using specialized simulation tools. Specifically, simulations using modules like ANSYS's structural field module can effectively simulate complex physical phenomena. In this way, the specific changes in the surface shape of the grinding surface 103 under different antifreeze temperatures can be simulated in detail. This method not only considers the influence of temperature on material properties but also integrates the interaction between heat and the solid, thus providing a reliable theoretical basis for optimizing the grinding process.

[0062] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the grinding disc 1 includes a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102, the deformation hole 12 is located between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102, and the grinding working surface 103 is located on the first substrate 101.

[0063] Specifically, the grinding disc 1 is composed of a first base 101 and a second base 102 in a separate manner, which facilitates the processing and maintenance of the deformation hole 12. When it is necessary to adjust the parameters of the deformation hole 12 or to carry out maintenance, it is easier to separate the first base 101 and the second base 102 without having to disassemble the entire grinding disc 1 on a large scale, thus improving the convenience of equipment maintenance.

[0064] Optionally, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application also includes a plurality of grinding blocks 3 and a fixing layer 2 disposed on the grinding working surface 103;

[0065] The plurality of grinding blocks 3 are distributed in different concentric rings on the fixed layer 2, and the grinding end face 31 of each grinding block 3 is exposed on the fixed layer 2, and the grinding end face 31 is flush with the end face of the fixed layer 2.

[0066] The fixed layer 2 is provided with a plurality of guide grooves 21 extending from the inside of the fixed layer 2 to the outer edge of the fixed layer 2, and the grinding blocks 3 are arranged on both sides of the guide grooves 21.

[0067] The grinding disc 1 is provided with a plurality of liquid passage holes 11, and each of the guide grooves 21 corresponds to at least one liquid passage hole 11; one end of the liquid passage hole 11 is connected to the coolant, and the other end is connected to the corresponding guide groove 21, and the connection position between the liquid passage hole 11 and the guide groove 21 is far away from the edge of the fixing layer 2.

[0068] Among them, the grinding disc 1 can serve as a support for the fixing layer 2 and the grinding block 3, while the fixing layer 2 functions to fix the grinding block 3, and the guide groove 21 on the fixing layer 2 has functions such as accommodating debris and guiding coolant. The flat workpiece can be a flat metal part to be ground, a flat non-metal part, or a workpiece with an outer layer on the surface.

[0069] In this embodiment, by providing a liquid passage 11, the coolant can directly exchange heat with the grinding disc 1. Since the grinding disc 1 has excellent thermal conductivity, a large amount of heat from the grinding wheel can be carried away through the liquid passage 11. Then, the coolant flows into the guide groove 21 from the end away from the edge of the fixed layer. The grinding blocks 3 are arranged along both sides of the guide groove 21, providing a direct and efficient channel for heat dissipation. During the grinding process, when the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the coolant can flow rapidly along the guide groove 21, promptly carrying away the heat generated by the grinding blocks 3 grinding the flat workpiece from the inside of the grinding wheel, forming good heat conduction. Simultaneously, the guide groove 21 can also accommodate the debris generated during the grinding process, preventing debris accumulation in the grinding area, reducing additional heat generated by debris friction, and preventing debris from blocking the heat conduction channel, further reducing the temperature of the grinding wheel. Therefore, this application can significantly improve the heat dissipation capacity of the grinding wheel, thereby improving the processing quality of flat workpieces, reducing grinding wheel wear, and increasing the service life of the grinding wheel.

[0070] Alternatively, the grinding disc 1 can be made of metal.

[0071] Optionally, the material of the fixing layer 2 can be a material that is liquid at high temperature and will solidify at room temperature. For example, the material of the fixing layer 2 can be epoxy resin, which makes it easier to install and fix the grinding block 3 in the fixing layer 2.

[0072] Alternatively, the grinding block 3 can be diamond abrasive.

[0073] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the guide groove 21 includes a first arc-shaped groove 211, and a plurality of the first arc-shaped grooves are evenly distributed on the fixed layer 2 along the circumference of the end face of the fixed layer 2.

[0074] The first arc-shaped groove 211 is arc-shaped. In this embodiment, the uniform distribution of the first arc-shaped groove 211 along the circumference makes the heat dissipation and chip-holding functions of the entire fixing layer 2 more balanced. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed for grinding operations, the heat and chips generated at each location can be handled by the corresponding guide groove 21, avoiding local overheating or chip accumulation. On the other hand, the arc-shaped structure can better guide the flow of coolant; when the coolant flows in the arc-shaped groove, its flow path is smoother, reducing flow resistance, thereby carrying away heat more efficiently. Moreover, the arc-shaped groove is more suitable for accommodating irregularly shaped grinding chips, and can hold more chips in a limited space. In addition, the presence of the first arc-shaped groove 211 also enhances the structural strength of the fixing layer 2 to a certain extent. Compared with straight grooves, the arc-shaped groove can better disperse stress when subjected to external forces, reducing the possibility of cracks or damage to the fixing layer 2, and further improving the overall stability and reliability of the grinding wheel. Meanwhile, the evenly distributed first arc-shaped groove 211 is also easy to manufacture, and standardized processes can be adopted during processing to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs.

[0075] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown; the guide groove 21 further includes a second arc groove 212, the second arc groove has a rotation direction opposite to that of the first arc groove on the end face of the fixed layer 2, a plurality of second arc grooves are evenly distributed on the fixed layer 2 along the circumference of the end face of the fixed layer 2, and the first arc groove and the second arc groove intersect to divide the fixed layer 2 into a grid 22, and each grid 22 corresponds to a grinding block 3, and the grinding block 3 is disposed in the corresponding grid 22.

[0076] The second arc-shaped groove 212 and the first arc-shaped groove 211 can be arc-shaped grooves with the same shape but opposite rotation direction. In this way, the first arc-shaped groove 211 and the second arc-shaped groove 212 intersect, making the guide groove 21 form a complex and coherent network structure. This not only increases the length and number of heat dissipation paths, but also makes the coolant form a more complex convection pattern during the flow process, which greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0077] Moreover, each grid 22 corresponds to a grinding block 3, ensuring the uniform distribution of the grinding blocks 3, making the grinding wheel more stable during operation, reducing vibration and wear caused by uneven local force. More importantly, each independent grinding block 3 has a guide groove 21 around it, which can ensure the heat dissipation of each grinding block 3.

[0078] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 11As shown, the guide groove 21 includes an S-shaped groove 213, and a plurality of the S-shaped grooves 213 are evenly distributed on the fixed layer 2 along the circumference of the end face of the fixed layer 2.

[0079] Specifically, the curved structure of the S-shaped groove 213 extends the flow path of the coolant on the limited end face of the fixed layer 2. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the coolant flows in from the end of the guide groove 21 near the center of the fixed layer and flows continuously along the S-shaped trajectory, efficiently carrying away the heat generated by grinding. At the same time, the bend of the S-shape can form local vortices, enhancing the coolant's ability to entrain grinding debris and preventing debris from accumulating and clogging in the groove. Multiple S-shaped grooves 213 are evenly distributed circumferentially, ensuring that the heat dissipation and chip removal capabilities of each area of ​​the fixed layer 2 are consistent, preventing grinding wheel deformation or a decrease in grinding accuracy due to uneven local heat dissipation.

[0080] For example, when the grinding wheel is used to process flat steel workpieces with a thickness of 4mm, the flow rate of coolant in the S-shaped groove is increased by about 15% compared with the straight groove, the surface temperature of a single grinding block can be reduced by 8-12℃, and the amount of debris remaining in the groove is reduced by about 20%, effectively ensuring the stability and grinding accuracy of continuous grinding operations.

[0081] In some optional embodiments, each of the concentric rings includes a plurality of grinding blocks 3 that are uniformly fixed on the fixed layer 2. Each grinding block 3 in the same concentric ring is identical, and the distance between two adjacent grinding blocks 3 in the concentric rings that are closer to the edge of the fixed layer 2 is greater.

[0082] In this design, each concentric ring includes multiple grinding blocks 3 uniformly fixed on the fixed layer 2. Each grinding block 3 within the same concentric ring is identical, ensuring the uniformity and distribution of the grinding blocks 3 within the same ring, thus guaranteeing the consistency and stability of the grinding process. Since the linear velocity inside the grinding wheel is lower than that at the edge, when the abrasive material inside and outside the grinding wheel is the same, the grinding amount at the edge of the grinding wheel on a flat workpiece will be greater than that inside the grinding wheel, leading to poor grinding uniformity and reduced grinding accuracy. However, in this application, the distance between two adjacent grinding blocks 3 in the concentric rings closer to the edge of the fixed layer 2 is larger. This allows the grinding area inside the grinding wheel to be larger than the grinding area at the edge of the grinding wheel, thereby improving the uniformity and grinding accuracy of the grinding wheel.

[0083] In some optional embodiments, the number of grinding blocks 3 included in different concentric rings is the same, and the area of ​​the grinding end face 31 of the grinding block 3 is larger in the concentric rings that are closer to the edge of the fixed layer 2.

[0084] In this design, the number of grinding blocks 3 in each of the different concentric rings is the same, which further ensures the regularity of the grinding process. The grinding end face 31 of the grinding block 3 is larger in the concentric rings closer to the edge of the fixed layer 2. This design fully considers the difference in linear velocity at different positions of the grinding wheel during rotation. The edge of the grinding wheel has a high linear velocity; if the grinding end face 31 of the grinding block 3 is small, excessive local pressure may lead to over-grinding of that area of ​​the flat workpiece, affecting the flatness and precision of the workpiece surface. By increasing the area of ​​the grinding end face 31 of the edge ring grinding blocks 3, the grinding pressure can be dispersed, making the grinding effect on the flat workpiece more balanced between the edge and the interior of the grinding wheel.

[0085] Meanwhile, the larger the area of ​​the grinding end face 31 of the grinding block 3 in the rings closer to the edge of the fixed layer 2, the more efficient the grinding process becomes. A larger grinding end face 31 area allows for a greater contact area with the flat workpiece per unit time, thus removing more material during the rotation of the grinding wheel. Moreover, since the distribution and area design of the grinding blocks 3 are optimized based on the working characteristics of the grinding wheel, the uniformity and accuracy of grinding are improved while ensuring the high efficiency of the entire grinding process.

[0086] During the operation of the grinding machine, the uniform distribution and reasonable area design of the grinding blocks 3 make the grinding wheel more balanced when rotating, reducing the vibration caused by uneven local force. The stable operating state helps to extend the service life of the grinding wheel and the grinding machine, and reduce the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0087] In some optional embodiments, the grinding block 3 is cylindrical in shape, and the axial direction of the grinding block 3 is perpendicular to the end face of the grinding disk 1.

[0088] Among them, the cylindrical grinding blocks 3 can better ensure the dimensional accuracy and quality consistency of each grinding block 3, and are also easier to position and fix during installation. Moreover, the cylindrical structure makes the grinding blocks 3 wear more evenly when subjected to wear, and will not exhibit localized excessive wear like some irregularly shaped grinding blocks 3, thereby extending the service life of the grinding blocks 3.

[0089] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces provided in this application also includes an adhesive layer 4, which is located between the fixing layer 2 and the grinding disc 1, and the end of the grinding block 3 away from the grinding end face 31 is connected to the adhesive layer 4.

[0090] In this embodiment, to ensure the installation accuracy of the grinding block 3, an adhesive layer 4 is first set on the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1. Then, the grinding block 3 is placed on the adhesive layer 4 using an installation mold, so that the grinding block 3 is stuck to the adhesive layer 4, ensuring the fixation and installation accuracy of the grinding block 3. After that, a liquid fixing layer 2 is poured onto the grinding disc 1, so that the liquid fixing layer 2 wraps around the grinding block 3. Then, the liquid fixing layer 2 is cooled to solidify, thereby completing the installation of the grinding block 3.

[0091] In some alternative embodiments, the adhesive layer 4 is made of the same material as the fixing layer 2.

[0092] Specifically, the adhesive layer 4 and the fixing layer 2 can be made of the same material. For example, both the adhesive layer 4 and the fixing layer 2 can be made of epoxy resin.

[0093] Since the adhesive layer 4 and the fixing layer 2 are made of the same material, the bond between them is tighter, which can better transfer the force and heat during the grinding process.

[0094] In some alternative embodiments, the depth of the guide groove 21 in the fixing layer 2 extends to the adhesive layer 4.

[0095] In this embodiment, when fluids such as coolant flow through the guide channel 21, they can get closer to the connection point between the grinding block 3 and the grinding disc 1, i.e., the adhesive layer 4. This helps increase the contact area of ​​the coolant, allowing it to more effectively remove the heat generated during the grinding process. Simultaneously, the deeper guide channel 21 can accommodate more debris, preventing debris from clogging the guide channel 21 and preventing debris accumulation around the grinding block 3 from affecting grinding accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, as the grinding block 3 is worn down, the grinding block 3 and the fixing layer 2 gradually thin. Since the guide channel 21 extends to the adhesive layer 4, it can continuously maintain its guiding and chip removal functions as the grinding block 3 and fixing layer 2 thin, ensuring stable high-precision and high-efficiency grinding operations throughout the entire lifespan of the grinding block 3. This improves the quality and production efficiency of flat workpiece processing and reduces production costs.

[0096] In some optional embodiments, to improve grinding efficiency, the fixing layer 2 is also doped with silicon carbide powder or diamond powder. Thus, the fixing layer 2 can also serve as an auxiliary grinding layer.

[0097] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a grinding machine, including the above-described grinding wheel for processing flat workpieces.

[0098] In this embodiment, the grinding machine provided by this application uses the grinding wheel for processing flat workpieces in the above embodiment and the constant temperature liquid supply system to control the temperature of the antifreeze, thereby controlling the deformation of the grinding disc 1 to adjust the surface shape of the grinding working surface 103 of the grinding disc 1. This allows the same grinding wheel to adapt to the processing requirements of flat workpieces with different surface shapes, eliminating the need for frequent grinding wheel replacements, significantly improving processing efficiency and the versatility of the grinding wheel, and reducing production costs and equipment adjustment time.

[0099] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces, characterized in that, include: Grinding disc, mounting base, and rotating shaft; The end face of the grinding disc away from the grinding working surface is connected to the mounting base, and the first end of the rotating shaft is connected to the mounting base to drive the mounting base to rotate the grinding disc. The grinding disc is annular in shape and has a deformation hole inside. The deformation hole is spiral in shape and its center coincides with the center of the grinding disc. The deformation hole is connected to a constant temperature liquid supply system through a water channel so that antifreeze circulates between the constant temperature liquid supply system and the deformation hole. This controls the working temperature of the antifreeze in the deformation hole to control the deformation of the grinding disc, thereby changing the surface shape of the grinding working surface of the grinding disc.

2. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rotary joint, which is connected to the second end of the rotating shaft. One end of the inlet and outlet of the rotary joint is connected to the two sides of the deformation hole through a water channel that passes through the rotating shaft and the mounting base. The other end of the inlet and outlet of the rotary joint is connected to the constant temperature liquid supply system.

3. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both ends of the deformation hole are located on the end face of the grinding disc away from the grinding working surface.

4. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a seal, the mounting base is provided with a sealing groove, the seal is installed in the sealing groove, and the seal is sealed at the position where the deformation hole and the water channel in the mounting base meet.

5. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation holes are distributed from the center of the annular ring width of the grinding disk outwards to both the inner and outer sides.

6. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral shape of the deformation hole is a planar spiral.

7. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spiral shape of the deformation hole is an Archimedean spiral.

8. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 6, characterized in that, The grinding disc includes a first substrate and a second substrate, the deformation hole is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the grinding working surface is located on the first substrate.

9. The grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple grinding blocks and a fixing layer set on the grinding working surface; The plurality of grinding blocks are distributed on the fixed layer in different concentric circles, and the grinding end face of each grinding block is exposed on the fixed layer, and the grinding end face is flush with the end face of the fixed layer. The fixing layer is provided with a plurality of guide grooves extending from the inside of the fixing layer to the outer edge of the fixing layer, and the grinding blocks are arranged on both sides of the guide grooves; The grinding disc is provided with a plurality of liquid passage holes, and each of the flow guide grooves corresponds to at least one of the liquid passage holes; One end of the liquid passage is connected to the coolant, and the other end is connected to the corresponding guide channel. The connection position between the liquid passage and the guide channel is far away from the edge of the fixed layer.

10. A grinding machine, characterized in that, Includes the grinding wheel for machining flat workpieces as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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