Device for preventing and controlling algal blooms by combining floating plants with pyrite autotrophic denitrification MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) balls

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for preventing and controlling algal blooms by combining floating plants with ferrous sulfide autotrophic denitrification MBBR (moving bed biofilm reactor) balls. The device comprises the floating plants, an isolation body and the ferrous sulfide autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls, wherein the isolation body can limit the growing area of the floating plants, and the ferrous sulfide autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls are connected to the isolation body. By arranging the isolation body, the growth area of the floating plants is limited in the isolation body, and therefore, even if the floating plants grow quickly, the urgent harm cannot be formed. By adopting the improved MBBR ball, the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal can be realized, so that the problem that the traditional heterotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal is difficult to carry out in the water body with insufficient carbon source and high dissolved oxygen is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of floating plant combined with sulfur iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball device for preventing and controlling algal bloom, belong to water environment treatment technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, due to the development of urbanization and industrialization, a large amount of sewage is produced in the process of human production and life, and part of the sewage is discharged into water bodies without complete treatment, resulting in a sharp increase in the content of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in water bodies, leading to frequent water bloom.

[0003] After the occurrence of algal bloom, water transparency will decrease sharply, water quality will deteriorate, and the decomposition of dead algae by aerobic microorganisms in water will cause water hypoxia, further leading to the death of fish and other organisms, harming biodiversity and endangering the entire aquatic ecosystem, and the subsequent treatment is also very difficult. Therefore, if effective measures can be taken to prevent and control algal bloom before it occurs, it will have very important practical significance.

[0004] In recent years, aquatic plants have been favored for algae inhibition and become one of the main technologies for water environment treatment. The water purification function of aquatic plants is reflected in the aspects of algae inhibition by the allelopathy of plants, and absorption, adsorption, purification and promotion of sedimentation of pollutants in water. In addition, aquatic plants are producers of the ecosystem, and can fix carbon source, enrich nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients through photosynthesis and assimilation absorption; aquatic plants obtain nitrogen and phosphorus from water and sediments through roots and leaves, and then absorb and synthesize them into their own components, thereby playing a role in inhibiting algae. At present, aquatic plants used for algae inhibition generally include submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants. Compared with submerged and emergent plants, floating plants have the following two advantages: 1. The leaves of floating plants are basically floating on the water surface, which blocks the light required for the growth of algae, resulting in weakened photosynthesis of algae and thus inhibiting the growth of algae. 2. Floating plants are easy to construct and maintain, and have the advantages of low investment and low risk in treating or restoring eutrophic water. On the other hand, floating plants such as purple root water hyacinth and peony duckweed, which have strong absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus and good algae inhibition effect, often grow very fast and need to be regularly cleaned, which brings inconvenience to maintenance. If not cleaned in time, the water surface will be completely covered by the rapidly growing floating plants, causing fatal damage to the aquatic ecosystem, so it is particularly important to effectively limit the uncontrolled growth of floating plants while utilizing floating plants for algae inhibition. In addition, current research on floating plant algae inhibition mainly focuses on the treatment of moderate to severe cyanobacterial blooms (massive water blooms have already occurred), and there are few studies on preventive control techniques for cyanobacteria and green algae. In addition, the research results generally have the problem of low removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus, especially total nitrogen. Rainfall can bring a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and algae spores into the water, and if these nutrients cannot be quickly and efficiently removed, heavy water blooms are likely to occur after rain.

[0005] The present application is aimed at the above-mentioned problems, and the device for preventing and controlling algae blooms is formed by coupling floating plants, a barrier for limiting the growth area of floating plants, and sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls for strengthening nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The device can effectively prevent and control algae blooms by being put into the water before the outbreak of algae blooms. Invention content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a floating plant combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball device for preventing and controlling algae blooms, which aims to efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus, not only inhibits cyanobacterial blooms but also inhibits green algal blooms, and prevents the damage caused by the rapid growth of floating plants.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present application is:

[0008] The application discloses a device for preventing and controlling algal blooms by using floating plants and sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls, which comprises floating plants, an isolator for limiting the growth area of the floating plants and sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls connected to the isolator.

[0009] Preferably, the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball comprises a porous suspended spherical shell and polyurethane biological fillers arranged in the spherical shell, the polyurethane biological fillers are provided with containing spaces, and a sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification substrate wrapped with gauze is arranged in each containing space, and the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification substrate is composed of activated zeolite, sulfur, sponge iron and activated carbon of coconut shell.

[0010] Preferably, the floating plants are purple-rooted water hyacinth or water lettuce.

[0011] Preferably, the isolator is a closed annular structure made of wood, bamboo, plastic or iron wire and floating materials.

[0012] Preferably, the isolator is composed of an annular floating body and a net-shaped fence arranged above and below the annular floating body.

[0013] Preferably, the annular floating body is composed of an annular frame and floating materials arranged on the annular frame.

[0014] Preferably, the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball is hung on the isolator by a rope.

[0015] Preferably, the device for preventing and controlling algal blooms is put into a water body during use, and one water body is provided with one or more devices.

[0016] Preferably, the device for preventing and controlling algal blooms is directly put into a water body during use, and the position is not fixed or is fixed by a rope or anchoring.

[0017] After the above scheme is adopted, the device has the following advantages.

[0018] 1. The device limits the growth area of the floating plants in the isolator, so that even if the floating plants grow rapidly, the plants will not form a harmful type.

[0019] 2. The device adopts improved MBBR balls, and sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification denitrification can be realized, so that the problem that traditional heterotrophic denitrification denitrification is difficult to perform in a surface water body with insufficient carbon source and high dissolved oxygen can be solved.

[0020] More specifically, the biological filler MBBR ball is put in the water body, serves as a carrier for the growth of microorganisms, forms a biological membrane on the surface and inside, thereby providing an anaerobic environment for denitrifying bacteria; and a package of sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification substrate wrapped with gauze is additionally put in the MBBR ball, the material of the substrate is composed of activated zeolite, sulfur, sponge iron and coconut activated carbon, and in the substrate, reduced sulfur (S 0 , S 2- , S2O3 2- , Fe 0 and Fe 2+ , etc.) serves as an electron donor, nitrate serves as an electron acceptor, and the nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen, thereby realizing sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification, and thus the problem that traditional heterotrophic denitrification is difficult to perform in the surface water body with insufficient carbon source and high dissolved oxygen can be solved.

[0021] 3. The floating plant of the utility model adopts purple root water hyacinth or lotus leaf duckweed, and the two kinds of floating plants have good inhibitory effect on blue-green algae and green algae through experimental research of the present inventors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball;

[0024] Figure 3 is a comparison chart of total algal cell density change of each experimental scheme. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The utility model will be further described in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] The utility model discloses a floating plant combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball for preventing and controlling algal bloom, as shown in the drawing, which is a preferred embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 The device for preventing and controlling algal bloom comprises floating plants 1, isolation bodies 2 and sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls 3.

[0027] The floating plant 1 is a plant floating on the water surface, and preferably, the floating plant is Eichhornia crassipes or Pistia stratiotes which has good absorption effect on nitrogen and phosphorus and has allelopathy on algae. Through experimental research by the inventor, the two kinds of floating plants have good inhibitory effect on cyanobacteria and green algae. Compared with common water hyacinth, the Eichhornia crassipes has small leaves and developed root system, which is not only beneficial to more sunlight penetrating the water surface, but also can provide a wider attachment and breeding place for microorganisms for the strong root system to form a rhizosphere microecosystem to provide a good environment for the microorganisms to degrade pollutants, thereby enhancing the purification effect on the polluted water body.

[0028] The isolation body 2 is used for limiting the growth space of the floating plant 1, and the isolation body 2 can be made of wood, bamboo, plastic or iron wire in combination with floating materials into a closed ring structure of various shapes (such as circular or square or heart-shaped or triangular, etc.). The closed ring structure can be composed of a ring-shaped floating body 21 and a net-shaped fence 22 arranged above and below the ring-shaped floating body 21 with a certain height. The isolation body 2 needs to have a certain buoyancy, so that the ring-shaped floating body 21 and the net-shaped fence 22 above it float on the water surface, and the net-shaped fence below the ring-shaped floating body is located below the water surface. Specifically, the ring-shaped floating body 21 can be composed of a ring-shaped frame 211 and a floating material 212 arranged on the ring-shaped frame 211, and the floating material 212 can be sleeved on the ring-shaped frame 211, or bound on the inner side or outer side of the ring-shaped frame 211. The ring-shaped frame 211 can be made of wood, bamboo, plastic or iron wire, and the floating material 212 can be foamed plastic or other materials with buoyancy. In use, the floating plant 1 is put into the isolation body 2, so that even if the floating plant 1 grows rapidly, it can only grow in the isolation body 2 and will not cause other damage.

[0029] The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball 3 is connected to the isolation body 2, and the connection mode can be various. In this embodiment, the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball 3 is hung on the isolation body 2 by a rope. The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball 3 refers to a commercially available MBBR ball in which a package of sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification substrate wrapped with gauze is added for improvement. The commercially available MBBR ball used is a porous suspended spherical shell 31, which is filled with polyurethane biological filler 32. The improved MBBR ball (sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball 3, see Figure 2) is to dig out a part of the biofiller 32 of the market MBBR ball to form a containing space, and then put a package of sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification substrate 33 wrapped with gauze into the containing space. The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification substrate is composed of activated zeolite, sulfur, sponge iron and activated carbon of coconut shell (for reference to Chinese invention patent, application number 2023105306262). The market MBBR ball has been widely used in sewage treatment engineering, and the filler used for improving the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball belongs to the prior art according to the existing invention patent (application number 2023105306262) and does not belong to a new material. It should be noted that the number of the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball 3 is not limited, which can be determined according to the volume of the water body.

[0030] In actual use, a plurality of the algae bloom prevention and control devices can be placed in the water body, and the placement position of the algae bloom prevention and control device can be fixed or not fixed. The fixed mode can be fixed by a rope or anchored. For the non-fixed mode, the algae bloom prevention and control device can flow with the waves, which has the advantage that all areas of the water body can be treated in the process of flowing with the waves.

[0031] The inventors of the case conducted the following comparative experiments:

[0032] First, the experimental water body was prepared, and cyanobacteria and culture medium suitable for the growth of blue-green algae were added to the water. The initial TN and TP concentrations of each experimental water body were respectively prepared to be 15 mg / L and 0.6 mg / L, the nitrogen to phosphorus ratio was 25:1, and the chlorophyll a (Chl-a) content was 38 ug / L, so that the experimental micro water body belonged to a mild cyanobacterial bloom water body.

[0033] A comparative experimental study on the preventive control of algae bloom and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacity was conducted on four micro experimental water bodies with algae inhibition schemes and a blank control micro water body. The four algae inhibition schemes are: (1) purple root water hyacinth, (2) purple root water hyacinth + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball, (3) one leaf lotus, and (4) one leaf lotus + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball. The amount of floating plant to be placed is related to the water surface area of the water body, and the amount of sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball to be placed is related to the volume of the water body, which is not the focus of the case and will not be described in detail.

[0034] The experiment was conducted for 12 days, and the experimental study was carried out in the time period of rainy days when the algal phase was easy to change. From the visual results, after 12 days of cultivation, the floating plants grew rapidly. Rain fell on the first day and the ninth day of the experiment. Due to the influence of the rain, from the fifth day of the experiment, the algae changed from initially dominated by cyanobacteria to dominated by green algae.

[0035] According to visual observation, it can be obviously seen that the experimental schemes (1) and (2) adding purple root water hyacinth have good inhibitory effect on the growth of algae, and the water turbidity is further reduced. Especially, the scheme (2) has more significant inhibitory effect on algae than the scheme (1) adding only purple root water hyacinth. On the other hand, the scheme (3) adding only one leaf lotus has no significant inhibitory effect on algae, and the water surface is full of algae. The scheme (4) adding one leaf lotus and sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball has certain inhibitory effect on the growth of algae, although the algal bloom also occurs, but the water bloom degree is obviously reduced compared with the scheme (3) adding only one leaf lotus. According to the visual results, the best preventive algae inhibition effect is the scheme (2) of purple root water hyacinth + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball.

[0036] The daily quantitative monitoring is also carried out in the experiment. The total algae cell density changes of the blank control water sample and the four algae inhibition schemes are shown in Figure 3 The black line in the figure represents the blank control water body; the red dotted line represents the scheme (1) of purple root water hyacinth; the red solid line represents the scheme (2) of purple root water hyacinth + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball; the blue dotted line represents the scheme (3) of one leaf lotus; and the blue solid line represents the scheme (4) of one leaf lotus + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball. Figure 3 The upper black block shows the rainfall. In the 0-4th day of the experiment, the dominant algae in the experimental water body is blue algae, which can be known from Figure 3 The algae inhibition effects of the four schemes are not significantly different, but the schemes (2) and (4) with additional sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball are slightly better than the schemes (1) and (3). In the 5-12th day of the experiment, the dominant algae in the water body changes from blue algae to green algae, which can be known from Figure 3 The algae inhibition effects of the four schemes are not significantly different, but the schemes (2) and (4) with additional sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball are slightly better than the schemes (1) and (3). In the 5-12th day of the experiment, the dominant algae in the water body changes from blue algae to green algae, which can be known from

[0037] In addition, for the laboratory configured mild water bloom micro water body (Chl-a is 25 mg / L, TN and TP are 13 mg / L and 0.6 mg / L respectively), six experimental groups are adopted: bladderwort group, peony lotus group, purple back floating lotus group and three kinds of plants respectively coupled with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball group, to study the algae inhibition and water quality purification ability. It is found that the algae inhibition effect of the peony lotus + MBBR ball group is the best, and the algae inhibition rate is as high as 82.84%, and the removal rates of TN and TP are 85.92% and 100% respectively. This group can also effectively prevent the further escalation and deterioration of the water bloom degree.

[0038] Through the above-mentioned comparative experiments, it is found that the purple root water hyacinth + sulfur iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball or peony + sulfur iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball can effectively prevent and control algal blooms, and the blank control group without any prevention and control measures is upgraded from the initial mild algal bloom to severe algal bloom after rainfall.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the technical scope of the present application in any way. Therefore, any changes or modifications made in accordance with the claims and description of the present application shall be within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls, characterized in that: It includes a floating plant (1), an isolation body (2) that restricts the growth area of ​​the floating plant, and a sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball (3) connected to the isolation body; the sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball (3) is provided with one or more.

2. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball (3) includes a porous suspended ball shell (31) and a polyurethane biological packing material (32) disposed therein. The polyurethane biological packing material (32) has a containment space, in which a package of sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification matrix (33) wrapped in gauze is placed. The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification matrix is ​​composed of activated zeolite, sulfur, sponge iron and coconut shell activated carbon.

3. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The floating aquatic plant (1) mentioned above is either purple-rooted water hyacinth or peony duckweed.

4. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The isolation body (2) is a closed ring structure made of wood, bamboo, plastic or wire combined with floating materials.

5. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The isolation body (2) consists of an annular float (21) and a mesh fence (22) set above and below the annular float (21).

6. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular float (21) consists of an annular frame (211) and a floating material (212) disposed on the annular frame.

7. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR ball (3) is suspended on the isolation body (2) by rope.

8. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The algal bloom control device is placed in the water body during use, with one or more devices placed in each water body.

9. The device for controlling algal blooms using floating plants combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR balls according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The device for preventing algal blooms is placed directly into the water body during use, and its position is not fixed or is fixed by ropes or anchors.

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