Biomass low-temperature cracking and high-temperature gasification equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses biomass low-temperature cracking and high-temperature gasification equipment which comprises a reaction chamber, a hole is formed outside the reaction chamber, a filter screen is fixedly connected outside the hole, the top of the reaction chamber is fixedly connected with a mounting base, and the other end of the top of the reaction chamber is fixedly connected with a first discharge port and a second discharge port. The conveying assembly is installed on the top of the reaction chamber and used for stably conveying raw materials at the high temperature and the low temperature during pyrolysis, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the top of the installation base, and a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting block. And the spiral blade outside the roller rotates in the shell, and the shell is respectively connected with the discharge port I and the discharge port II, so that the biomass raw materials can be stably and uniformly conveyed into the reaction chamber from the discharge ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biopyrolysis equipment technology, specifically to a biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment. Background Technology

[0002] On the one hand, in the raw material transportation process, biomass raw materials often have different shapes, sizes and moisture content, making it difficult to stably and uniformly transport the raw materials to the reaction chamber for pyrolysis and gasification. Uneven raw material transportation may lead to excessively violent or insufficient local reactions in the reaction chamber, thereby affecting the efficiency of the entire gasification process and the quality of the products.

[0003] On the other hand, the treatment of various substances produced during the high-temperature pyrolysis and low-temperature gasification process in the reaction chamber is not perfect. For example, some impurities, particulate matter, and unreacted substances are generated during the reaction. Existing equipment may not be able to effectively screen, separate, and treat these substances, resulting in low purity of the final syngas and other products, which contain a lot of impurities. This not only affects the performance of the products as energy or chemical raw materials, but may also cause blockages, corrosion, and other adverse effects on subsequent equipment operation and pipeline transportation.

[0004] Publication number: CN201737906U. This equipment is suitable for both biomass gasification combined cycle power generation and biomass liquid fuel production.

[0005] In view of this, we will study and improve the existing structure and its shortcomings, and provide biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment in order to achieve a more practical value. Utility Model Content

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification device, which solves the aforementioned problems.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification device, comprising a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber has openings on its exterior, and a filter screen is fixedly connected to the exterior of the openings; a mounting base is fixedly connected to the top of the reaction chamber; and a discharge port one and a discharge port two are fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the reaction chamber; and further comprising:

[0010] The conveying assembly is installed on the top of the reaction chamber and is used to stably convey raw materials during high-temperature pyrolysis at low temperatures. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base, and a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting block.

[0011] Preferably, a high-temperature chamber is fixedly connected inside the reaction chamber, and a high-temperature device is installed inside the high-temperature chamber. A screen is fixedly connected to the center of the high-temperature chamber, and many small holes are distributed on the outside of the screen. An adsorption layer is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screen, and many fine particles are arranged on the outside of the adsorption layer.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the adsorption layer is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber, and a motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the high-temperature chamber. A fan is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor. The outside of the base plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes a first discharge port, a second discharge port, a housing, a spiral blade, and a roller. The top of the first discharge port and the second discharge port are fixedly connected to the housing, and the bottom of the housing has a hole. The interior of the housing is hollow. The roller is rotatably connected inside the housing, and the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outside of the roller. One end of the roller is rotatably connected inside the housing, and the other end is rotatably connected inside the baffle.

[0014] Preferably, a large gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the baffle, and the outside of the large gear is provided with multiple sharp teeth, and the outside of the sharp teeth is meshed with a toothed chain, and the end of the toothed chain away from the large gear is meshed with a small gear.

[0015] Preferably, the small gear has many sharp teeth on its outside, and a motor is rotatably connected to the outside of the small gear. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor, and a mounting base is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting block.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The conveying assembly drives a small gear via a motor, which in turn drives a large gear via a gear chain. This, in turn, causes the baffle and rollers connected to the large gear to rotate. The spiral blades on the outside of the rollers rotate inside the outer casing. Since the outer casing is connected to both outlet 1 and outlet 2, the biomass feedstock can be stably and evenly conveyed from the outlets to the reaction chamber. This mechanical transmission method can precisely control the conveying speed and quantity of the feedstock. Regardless of changes in the shape, size, and moisture content of the biomass feedstock, it can ensure a continuous and stable entry into the reaction chamber, avoiding reaction fluctuations caused by uneven feedstock supply, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the entire gasification process.

[0019] 2. The high-temperature chamber inside the reaction chamber generates heat through high-temperature equipment. The motor inside the high-temperature chamber drives the fan to rotate, which promotes the uniform distribution of heat in the high-temperature chamber. This allows the biomass raw materials in different locations in the reaction chamber to undergo pyrolysis and gasification reactions in a relatively uniform temperature environment. This avoids the problems of incomplete reaction or increased side reactions caused by local overheating or overcooling, and is conducive to improving the yield and quality of syngas and other products. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fan structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Reaction chamber; 2. Outlet 1; 3. Outlet 2; 4. Mounting base; 5. Filter screen; 6. Screen; 7. High-temperature chamber; 8. Motor; 9. Base plate; 10. Fan; 11. Connecting block; 12. Motor 1; 13. Pinion; 14. Gear chain; 15. Large gear; 16. Baffle; 17. Outer shell; 18. Spiral blades; 19. Roller; 20. Adsorption layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-3 A biomass low-temperature pyrolysis high-temperature gasification device includes a reaction chamber 1, with holes on the outside of the reaction chamber 1, and a filter screen 5 fixedly connected to the outside of the holes. A mounting base 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the reaction chamber 1, and a discharge port 2 and a discharge port 3 are fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the reaction chamber 1. The device also includes:

[0026] The conveying assembly is installed on the top of the reaction chamber 1 and is used to stably convey raw materials during high-temperature pyrolysis at low temperatures. A connecting block 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 4, and a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting block 11.

[0027] Furthermore, a high-temperature chamber 7 is fixedly connected inside the reaction chamber 1, and a high-temperature device is installed inside the high-temperature chamber 7. A screen 6 is fixedly connected in the center of the high-temperature chamber 7, and many small holes are distributed on the outside of the screen 6. An adsorption layer 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screen 6, and many fine particles are arranged on the outside of the adsorption layer 20. The screen 6 screens the particles after the raw material is separated, and then the adsorption layer 20 adsorbs them.

[0028] Furthermore, the bottom of the adsorption layer 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber 1, and the inner wall of the high-temperature chamber 7 is fixedly connected to the motor 8, and the output end of the motor 8 is fixedly connected to the fan 10. The bottom of the motor 8 is fixedly connected to the base plate 9, and the outside of the base plate 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 1. The adsorption layer 20 can adsorb solid raw materials, and the gaseous raw materials are blown to the filter screen 5 by the fan 10 and collected.

[0029] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes a discharge port 2, a discharge port 3, a housing 17, a spiral blade 18, and a roller 19. The top of the discharge port 2 and the discharge port 3 are fixedly connected to the housing 17, and the bottom of the housing 17 has a hole. The interior of the housing 17 is hollow. The roller 19 is rotatably connected inside the housing 17, and the spiral blade 18 is fixedly connected to the outside of the roller 19. One end of the roller 19 is rotatably connected to the interior of the housing 17, and the other end is rotatably connected to the interior of the baffle 16. The rotation of the roller 19 drives the spiral blade 18 to rotate and convey the raw material, which exits from the discharge port 2 and the discharge port 3 and enters the reaction chamber 1.

[0030] Furthermore, a large gear 15 is fixedly connected to the outside of the baffle 16, and the outside of the large gear 15 is provided with multiple sharp teeth, and the outside of the sharp teeth is meshed with a toothed chain 14, and the end of the toothed chain 14 away from the large gear 15 is meshed with a small gear 13, and the large gear 15 and the toothed chain are meshed together.

[0031] Furthermore, the small gear 13 has many sharp teeth on its exterior, and a motor 12 is rotatably connected to the exterior of the small gear 13. A connecting block 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor 12, and a mounting base 4 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting block 11. Starting the motor 12 drives the small gear 13 to rotate.

[0032] Working principle: When the equipment starts working, motor 12, mounted on connecting block 11, starts, driving pinion 13 to rotate. Pinion 13 meshes with gear chain 14, which in turn meshes with gear 15. Therefore, the rotation of pinion 13 is transmitted to gear 15, causing gear 15 to rotate. Gear 15 is fixed on baffle 16, which is connected to roller 19. Thus, roller 19 rotates inside housing 17 as gear 15 rotates, and the spiral blades 18 on roller 19 also rotate. Since housing 17 is connected to outlet 2 and outlet 3, biomass raw materials enter housing 17 from the outlet and are stabilized by the spiral blades 18. The raw material is pushed into reaction chamber 1 to transfer it. After entering reaction chamber 1, the high-temperature equipment in high-temperature chamber 7 inside reaction chamber 1 provides the heat required for pyrolysis and gasification. The motor 8 in high-temperature chamber 7 starts, driving the fan 10 to rotate. The rotation of fan 10 makes the heat in high-temperature chamber 7 evenly distributed in reaction chamber 1, creating a suitable temperature environment for low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification of biomass. At a relatively low temperature, biomass first undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, and large organic molecules decompose to produce primary products such as biochar, bio-oil, and combustible gas. The biochar and some unreacted volatiles in these primary products are then used in the high-temperature gasification stage, where high-temperature chamber 7 provides the heat required for pyrolysis and gasification. Under the influence of an externally introduced catalyst, a series of chemical reactions occur in the reaction chamber. For example, carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide (C + O₂ → CO₂, CO₂ + C → 2CO), and carbon reacts with water vapor to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen (C + H₂O → CO + H₂). Ultimately, syngas is produced, primarily composed of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and a small amount of methane. During the reaction, a screen 6 in the center of the high-temperature chamber 7 plays a crucial role. Solid and liquid substances produced by the reaction come into contact with the screen 6. Larger solid particles are trapped by the screen 6, preventing them from entering subsequent gas treatment stages. Gases and other substances passing through the screen 6 come into contact with the adsorption layer 20 at the bottom of the screen 6. The adsorption layer 20 is composed of many fine particles with a large specific surface area, which can adsorb impurities, tar and other harmful substances produced in the reaction. After being screened by the screen 6 and adsorbed by the adsorption layer 20, the purity of the syngas is improved, thereby realizing the separation and purification of the products. The motor 8 drives the fan 10 to rotate, which not only makes the heat evenly distributed, but also promotes the air circulation in the reaction chamber 1. The gas produced in the reaction can be discharged from the reaction area in time under the action of the fan 10, avoiding accumulation in the reaction chamber. At the same time, external air or gasifying agent can also be better guided into the reaction chamber 1 by the fan 10 to participate in the reaction process, ensuring the continuous progress of the reaction and the full mixing of the reactants, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass low-temperature pyrolysis high-temperature gasification device, comprising a reaction chamber (1), wherein the reaction chamber (1) has holes on its exterior, and a filter screen (5) is fixedly connected to the exterior of the holes, and a mounting base (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the reaction chamber (1), and a discharge port one (2) and a discharge port two (3) are fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the reaction chamber (1), characterized in that: Also includes: The conveying assembly is installed on the top of the reaction chamber (1) for stable conveying of raw materials during high-temperature pyrolysis at low temperatures. A connecting block (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base (4), and a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting block (11).

2. The biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a high-temperature chamber (7), and a high-temperature device is installed inside the high-temperature chamber (7). A screen (6) is fixedly connected to the center inside the high-temperature chamber (7), and many small holes are distributed on the outside of the screen (6). An adsorption layer (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screen (6), and many fine particles are arranged on the outside of the adsorption layer (20).

3. The biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the adsorption layer (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber (1), and the inner wall of the high temperature chamber (7) is fixedly connected to a motor (8), and the output end of the motor (8) is fixedly connected to a fan (10), and the bottom of the motor (8) is fixedly connected to a base plate (9), and the outside of the base plate (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber (1).

4. The biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly includes a discharge port one (2), a discharge port two (3), a housing (17), a spiral blade (18), and a roller (19). The top of the discharge port one (2) and the discharge port two (3) are fixedly connected to the housing (17), and the bottom of the housing (17) has a hole. The interior of the housing (17) is hollow. The interior of the housing (17) is rotatably connected to the roller (19), and the outside of the roller (19) is fixedly connected to the spiral blade (18). One end of the roller (19) is rotatably connected to the interior of the housing (17), and the other end is rotatably connected to the interior of the baffle (16).

5. The biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle (16) is fixedly connected to a large gear (15), and the large gear (15) is provided with multiple sharp teeth on its exterior. The sharp teeth are meshed with a toothed chain (14), and a small gear (13) is meshed with the end of the toothed chain (14) away from the large gear (15).

6. The biomass low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature gasification equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The small gear (13) has many sharp teeth on its outside, and a motor (12) is rotatably connected to the outside of the small gear (13). A connecting block (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor (12), and a mounting base (4) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting block (11).

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