Hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device
By incorporating an automatic control device with annular grooves and check valve cores in the hydraulic motor, the problem of hydraulic directional valves relying on manual operation is solved, enabling automatic directional switching and efficient control of the hydraulic motor, and improving the working efficiency of engineering machinery.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520760605.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing hydraulic directional valves rely excessively on manual operation, resulting in low control precision and slow response speed, leading to low working efficiency of construction machinery.
An automatic control device for reversing hydraulic motors was designed. By setting multiple annular grooves and one-way valve cores between the valve core and the oil passage, the valve core position is automatically switched using hydraulic oil pressure, thereby realizing automatic flow control of hydraulic oil and improving control accuracy and response speed.
It enables automatic switching of the hydraulic motor between two working states, improving control accuracy and response speed, thereby enhancing the overall working efficiency of the machine.
Smart Images
Figure CN223868272U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, belong to hydraulic control technical field. BACKGROUND
[0002] In hydraulic system, hydraulic reversing valve is a kind of commonly used control valve, is also core control element. By changing spool position switch liquid flow direction, the movement state of control execution element. Common hydraulic control valve, multiple selection uses one end for hydraulic control, one end for spring control, utilize the pressure difference acting on the two ends of spool, so that spool can be freely moved in valve body to two sides, to change liquid flow direction.
[0003] At present, in engineering machinery, for control product cost, hydraulic reversing valve is mostly manual hydraulic reversing valve. Manual hydraulic reversing valve has simple and reliable, low cost, easy processing etc. The shortcomings of manual hydraulic reversing valve are also very obvious, excessive dependence on manual operation, control precision is low, response speed is slow, in actual production operation process, be influenced by multiple factors, finally will lead to low work efficiency. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model solves the technical problems that: provide a kind of hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, to solve excessive dependence on manual operation, control precision is low, response speed is slow, in actual production operation process, be influenced by multiple factors, finally will lead to low work efficiency etc.
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of hydraulic motor commutation automatic control device, the hydraulic motor includes motor casing, valve hole is equipped in motor casing, valve core is equipped in valve hole, one end of valve core is equipped with pilot screw plug, the end portion exposed from motor casing of pilot screw plug is equipped with plug, the other end of valve core is equipped with the top rod inserted in valve core inner hole, spring is sleeved on top rod, and spring is limited between the gasket of valve core outer side and spring seat, one end of valve core inner hole is equipped with top rod, and the other end is equipped with the valve core through hole located on the valve core section, A oil port, B oil port and T oil port are equipped in motor casing, plug is removed after valve hole is communicated with Ps oil port, it is characterized in that, first annular groove, second annular groove, third annular groove, fourth annular groove are sequentially equipped between valve hole and valve core;Motor casing is further equipped with fifth oil channel and seventh oil channel, fifth oil channel is sequentially communicated with first oil channel, second oil channel, third oil channel, fourth oil channel, first oil channel is communicated with the A oil port of hydraulic motor, first oil channel is equipped with first one-way valve core, the outside of first one-way valve core is equipped with first plug, and first small spring is equipped between first plug and first one-way valve core;Second oil channel is communicated with the Ps oil port of hydraulic motor by first annular groove, second oil channel is equipped with second one-way valve core, the outside of second one-way valve core is equipped with second plug, and second small spring is equipped between second plug and second one-way valve core;Third oil channel is communicated with the B oil port of hydraulic motor, third oil channel is equipped with third one-way valve core, the outside of third one-way valve core is equipped with third plug, and third small spring is equipped between third plug and third one-way valve core;Fourth oil channel is communicated with third annular groove;Seventh oil channel is communicated with sixth oil channel and eighth oil channel, sixth oil channel is communicated with tenth oil channel by fourth annular groove, eighth oil channel is communicated with the T oil port of hydraulic motor by fifth cavity in valve hole, and throttle screw is equipped between seventh oil channel, sixth oil channel and eighth oil channel;Valve core inner hole is sequentially communicated with ninth oil channel by valve core through hole and second annular groove.
[0006] Preferably, in initial state, the valve core is close to the pilot screw plug.
[0007] Preferably, in initial state, the valve core is close to the pilot screw plug.
[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in working state, the Ps oil port pressure increases, when the pressure is greater than the spring pressure, the hydraulic oil pressure pushes the valve core and the gasket to move to the spring seat until the gasket contacts the spring seat; at the same time, the hydraulic oil enters from the Ps oil port, passes through the first ring groove and the second oil channel, contacts the second one-way valve core, when the hydraulic oil pressure is greater than the second small spring pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the second one-way valve core until the second one-way valve core contacts the second plug, the second oil channel and the fifth oil channel are connected; the valve core moves, the ninth oil channel and the valve core through hole are connected through the second ring groove; the tenth oil channel and the fourth oil channel are connected through the third ring groove; the sixth oil channel is connected through the fourth ring groove, the fifth cavity and the T oil port.
[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in working state, the A oil port pressure increases, when the pressure is greater than the first small spring pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the first one-way valve core until the first one-way valve core contacts the first plug, the first oil channel and the fifth oil channel are connected; the B oil port pressure increases, when the pressure is greater than the third small spring pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the third one-way valve core until the third one-way valve core contacts the third plug, the third oil channel and the fifth oil channel are connected.
[0010] More preferably, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device in working state, the A oil port, the B oil port and the Ps oil port are connected with the tenth oil channel, the hydraulic oil of the A oil port, the B oil port and the Ps oil port finally flows to the tenth oil channel and pushes the system to work.
[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in working state, the Ps oil port pressure is kept unchanged, the ninth oil channel pressure is increased, the hydraulic oil enters the valve core inner hole through the second ring groove and the valve core through hole, pushes the top rod until the top rod contacts the spring seat; the ninth oil channel pressure is continuously increased, when the sum of the ninth oil channel pressure and the spring pressure is greater than the Ps oil port pressure, the hydraulic oil will push the valve core to move to the pilot plug until the valve core contacts the pilot plug. At this time, the tenth oil channel is disconnected with the A oil port, the B oil port and the Ps oil port, the hydraulic oil stops pushing the system to work; the hydraulic oil in the system flows through the tenth oil channel, the fourth ring groove, the sixth oil channel, the seventh oil channel, the eighth oil channel, the fifth cavity and finally flows out through the T oil port.
[0012] Preferably, when the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device stops working or the valve core returns to the left position under the action of the high pressure of the ninth oil channel, the hydraulic oil in the system needs to return to the motor cavity through the throttle screw provided with the damping hole.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device has the advantages that:
[0014] 1. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device in the utility model, when the valve core is in the right position, the hydraulic oil enters the tenth oil channel to push the system to work, at this time the external pressure is conducted to the closed cavity formed by the inner hole of the valve core and the top rod through the ninth oil channel, with the pressure increasing constantly, the valve core is pushed to move left, until the valve core returns to the left position, the tenth oil channel is disconnected with the oil inlet, the hydraulic oil in the system flows back to the motor cavity, and the pushing system stops working. The utility model, through the change of external pressure, makes the motor automatically switch in two working states, improves the control precision, speeds up the response speed, and thus improves the working efficiency of the whole machine.
[0015] 2. In the utility model, the oil inlet is jointly acted by three working oil channels of A oil port, B oil port and Ps oil port, and a one-way valve core is arranged on the three oil channels, when the pressure in the oil channel is greater than the pressure of the small spring, the one-way valve core moves, the oil channel is connected, and the hydraulic oil flows to the tenth oil channel to push the system to work. Among them, after the A oil port and the B oil port are connected, the oil channel with higher pressure is preferentially transmitted to the tenth oil channel, and when the pressure in the A oil port and the B oil port changes, the tenth oil channel can obtain hydraulic oil with sufficient pressure. In addition, the Ps oil port plays an auxiliary role, provides the tenth oil channel with hydraulic oil with stable pressure, and ensures the stable work of the system.
[0016] 3. In the utility model, when the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device stops working or the valve core returns to the left position under the action of the high pressure of the ninth oil channel, the hydraulic oil in the system flows back to the motor cavity, and in the backflow process, the throttling screw with the damping hole is passed, the backflow speed of the hydraulic oil is slowed down, and the stable switching state of the system is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 The schematic view of the valve core of the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device provided for the embodiment when the valve core is in the left position;
[0018] Figure 2 The schematic view of the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device provided for the embodiment when the valve core is in the right position;
[0019] In the figure: 1, motor housing; 2, pilot plug; 3, plug; 4, first one-way valve core; 5, first small spring; 6, first plug; 7, second one-way valve core; 8, second small spring; 9, second plug; 10, third one-way valve core; 11, third small spring; 12, third plug; 13, throttle screw; 14, valve core; 15, gasket; 16, top rod; 17, spring; 18, spring seat; 21, first ring groove; 22, second ring groove; 23, valve core through hole; 24, third ring groove; 25, valve core inner hole; 26, fourth ring groove; 27, fifth cavity; 31, first oil channel; 32, fifth oil channel; 33, second oil channel; 34, third oil channel; 35, fourth oil channel; 36, sixth oil channel; 37, seventh oil channel; 38, eighth oil channel; 39, ninth oil channel; 40, tenth oil channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to make the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the preferred embodiment is described in detail below with the help of the drawings.
[0021] EMBODIMENT
[0022] REFERENCE Figures 1-2 The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device shown in the figure comprises a motor housing 1, a pilot plug 2, a plug 3, a first one-way valve core 4, a first small spring 5, a first plug 6, a second one-way valve core 7, a second small spring 8, a second plug 9, a third one-way valve core 10, a third small spring 11, a third plug 12, a throttle screw 13, a valve core 14, a gasket 15, a top rod 16, a spring 17, and a spring seat 18.
[0023] The motor housing 1 is provided with a valve hole, and the valve core 14 is arranged in the valve hole. Figure 1The valve core 14 is placed in the motor housing 1, and the other end of the valve core 14 is close to the pilot plug 2; the other end of the valve core 14 is sequentially placed with the gasket 15, the spring 17, and the spring seat 18; the valve core 14 is provided with a valve core inner hole 25, and the top rod 16 is placed in the valve core inner hole 25. The motor housing 1 is provided with an A oil port, a B oil port, and a T oil port, and the Ps oil port can be connected after the plug 3 at the other end of the pilot plug 2 is removed; the A oil port is connected with a first oil channel 31, the first oil channel 31 is provided with a first one-way valve core 4, a first small spring 5, and a first plug 6; the Ps oil port is connected with a second oil channel 33 through a first ring groove 21, the second oil channel 33 is provided with a second one-way valve core 7, a second small spring 8, and a second plug 9; the B oil port is connected with a third oil channel 34, the third oil channel 34 is provided with a third one-way valve core 10, a third small spring 11, and a third plug 12; the first oil channel 31, the second oil channel 33, the third oil channel 34, and a fourth oil channel 35 are connected through a fifth oil channel 32; a seventh oil channel 37 is connected with a sixth oil channel 36 and an eighth oil channel 38, the seventh oil channel 37 is provided with a throttling screw 13; the T oil port and the eighth oil channel 38 are connected through a fifth cavity 27.
[0024] Further, in the above scheme, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in the initial state, that is, in the state without providing pressure, the ninth oil channel 39 is connected with the valve core inner hole 25 through the second ring groove 22 and the valve core through hole 23; the fourth oil channel 35 is connected with the third ring groove 24; the tenth oil channel 40 is connected with the sixth oil channel 36 through the fourth ring groove 26, and is connected to the T oil port through the throttling screw 13 provided on the seventh oil channel 37, the fifth cavity 27, and the eighth oil channel 38.
[0025] Further, in the above scheme, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in the working state, the pressure of the Ps oil port increases, when the pressure is greater than the pressure of the spring 17, the hydraulic oil pressure drives the valve core 14 and the gasket 15 to move to the spring seat 18 until the gasket 15 contacts the spring seat 18; at the same time, the hydraulic oil enters from the Ps oil port, passes through the first ring groove 21 and the second oil channel 33, and contacts the second one-way valve core 7, when the liquid pressure is greater than the pressure of the second small spring 8, the liquid drives the second one-way valve core 7 until the second one-way valve core 7 contacts the second plug 9, the second oil channel 33 and the fifth oil channel 32 are connected; the valve core 14 moves, the ninth oil channel 39 and the valve core through hole 23 are connected through the second ring groove 22; the tenth oil channel 40 and the fourth oil channel 35 are connected through the third ring groove 24; the sixth oil channel 36 is connected through the fourth ring groove 26, the fifth cavity 27, and the T oil port.
[0026] Further, in the above scheme, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in working state, the A oil port pressure increases, when the pressure is greater than the first small spring 5 pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the first one-way valve core 4, until the first one-way valve core 4 contacts the first plug 6, the first oil way 31 and the fifth oil way 32 are connected;Similarly, the B oil port pressure increases, when the pressure is greater than the third small spring 11 pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the third one-way valve core 10, until the third one-way valve core 10 contacts the third plug 12, the third oil way 34 and the fifth oil way 32 are connected.Combined with the above hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device working state, at this time, the A oil port, the B oil port, the Ps oil port are connected with the tenth oil way 40, the hydraulic oil of the A oil port, the B oil port, the Ps oil port finally flows to the tenth oil way 40, and pushes the system to work.
[0027] Further, in the above scheme, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, in working state, the Ps oil port pressure is kept unchanged, the ninth oil way 39 pressure is increased, the hydraulic oil enters the valve core inner hole 25 through the second ring groove 22 and the valve core through hole 23, pushes the top rod 16, until the top rod 16 contacts the spring seat 18;When the ninth oil way 39 pressure and the spring 17 pressure are greater than the Ps oil port pressure, the hydraulic oil will push the valve core 14 to move to the pilot plug 2, until the valve core 14 contacts the pilot plug 2.This time, the tenth oil way 40 is disconnected with the A oil port, the B oil port and the Ps oil port, and the hydraulic oil stops pushing the system to work;The hydraulic oil in the system flows through the tenth oil way 40, the fourth ring groove 26, the sixth oil way 36, the seventh oil way 37, the throttle screw 13, the eighth oil way 38, the fifth cavity 27 and finally is discharged through the T oil port.
[0028] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
[0029] In the utility model, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device is in working state, that is, the valve core 14 is in the right position (as shown), the hydraulic oil enters the tenth oil way 40 and pushes the system to work, at this time, the external pressure is conducted to the closed cavity formed by the valve core inner hole 25 and the top rod 16 through the ninth oil way 39, with the pressure increasing, the valve core 14 is pushed to move left, until the valve core 14 returns to the left position (as shown). Figure 2 Figure 1 As shown, the tenth oil passage 40 is disconnected from the oil inlet, and the hydraulic oil in the system flows back to the motor cavity, stopping the system from working. This invention, through changes in external pressure, allows the motor to automatically switch between two working states, improving control precision, accelerating response speed, and thus improving the overall machine efficiency.
[0030] In this invention, the oil inlet is operated by three working oil circuits: port A, port B, and port Ps. Each of the three oil circuits is equipped with a one-way valve. When the pressure within the oil circuit exceeds the pressure of the small spring, the one-way valve moves, connecting the oil circuits and allowing hydraulic oil to flow to the tenth oil circuit 40, thus driving the system. When ports A and B are connected, the oil from the circuit with the higher pressure is preferentially transmitted to the tenth oil circuit 40. Furthermore, when the pressure within ports A and B changes, the tenth oil circuit 40 can always obtain hydraulic oil with sufficient pressure. Additionally, port Ps plays an auxiliary role, providing stable hydraulic oil pressure to the tenth oil circuit 40, ensuring smooth system operation.
[0031] In this utility model, when the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device stops working or the valve core 14 returns to the left position under the high pressure of the ninth oil passage 39, the hydraulic oil in the system flows back to the motor cavity. During the return flow, it passes through the throttle screw 13 with damping holes, which slows down the hydraulic oil return speed and ensures the system switches to a stable state.
Claims
1. An automatic control device for reversing a hydraulic motor, wherein the hydraulic motor includes a motor housing (1), a valve hole is provided inside the motor housing (1), a valve core (14) is provided inside the valve hole, a pilot plug (2) is provided at one end of the valve core (14), a plug (3) is provided at the end of the pilot plug (2) protruding from the motor housing (1), a push rod (16) is provided at the other end of the valve core (14) and inserted into the inner hole (25) of the valve core, a spring (17) is sleeved on the push rod (16), the spring (17) is limited between the gasket (15) and the spring seat (18) on the outside of the valve core (14), a push rod (16) is provided at one end of the inner hole (25) of the valve core, and a valve core through hole (23) is provided at the other end on the cross section of the valve core (14), an A oil port, a B oil port and a T oil port are provided inside the motor housing (1), and the valve hole is connected to the Ps oil port after the plug (3) is removed, characterized in that, The valve hole and the valve core (14) are provided with a first annular groove (21), a second annular groove (22), a third annular groove (24), and a fourth annular groove (26) in sequence; the motor housing (1) is also provided with a fifth oil passage (32) and a seventh oil passage (37). The fifth oil passage (32) is connected to the first oil passage (31), the second oil passage (33), the third oil passage (34), and the fourth oil passage (35) in sequence. The first oil passage (31) is connected to the A oil port of the hydraulic motor. The first oil passage (31) is provided with a first one-way valve core (4). The first one-way valve core (4) is provided with a first plug (6) on the outside. The first plug (6) and the first one-way valve core (4) are provided with a first small spring (5); the second oil passage (33) is connected to the Ps oil port of the hydraulic motor through the first annular groove (21). The second oil passage (33) is provided with a second one-way valve core (7). The second one-way valve core (7) is provided with a second plug (9) on the outside. The second plug (9) and the second one-way valve core (4) are connected with the second one-way valve core (4). A second small spring (8) is provided between the valve cores (7); the third oil passage (34) is connected to the B oil port of the hydraulic motor, a third one-way valve core (10) is provided inside the third oil passage (34), a third plug (12) is provided outside the third one-way valve core (10), and a third small spring (11) is provided between the third plug (12) and the third one-way valve core (10); the fourth oil passage (35) is connected to the third annular groove (24); the seventh oil passage (37) is connected to the sixth oil passage (36). The eighth oil passage (38) is connected, the sixth oil passage (36) is connected to the tenth oil passage (40) through the fourth annular groove (26), the eighth oil passage (38) is connected to the T-port of the hydraulic motor through the fifth cavity (27) in the valve hole, and a throttling screw (13) is provided in the seventh oil passage (37) and between the sixth oil passage (36) and the eighth oil passage (38); the inner hole (25) of the valve core is connected to the ninth oil passage (39) through the valve core through hole (23) and the second annular groove (22) in sequence.
2. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the initial state, the valve core (14) is close to the pilot plug (2).
3. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the initial state, i.e. without pressure, the ninth oil passage (39) is connected to the inner hole (25) of the valve core through the second annular groove (22) and the valve core through hole (23); the fourth oil passage (35) is connected to the third annular groove (24); the tenth oil passage (40) is connected to the sixth oil passage (36) through the fourth annular groove (26), and is connected to the T oil port through the throttle screw (13) provided on the seventh oil passage (37), the fifth cavity (27).
4. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the operating state of the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, the pressure at the Ps port increases. When the pressure exceeds the pressure of the spring (17), the hydraulic oil pressure pushes the valve core (14) and the gasket (15) towards the spring seat (18) until the gasket (15) contacts the spring seat (18). At the same time, hydraulic oil enters from the Ps port, passes through the first annular groove (21) and the second oil passage (33), and contacts the second check valve core (7). When the hydraulic oil pressure exceeds the pressure of the second small spring (8), Hydraulic oil pushes the second check valve core (7) until the second check valve core (7) contacts the second plug (9), connecting the second oil passage (33) and the fifth oil passage (32); the valve core (14) moves, and the ninth oil passage (39) and the valve core through hole (23) are connected through the second annular groove (22); the tenth oil passage (40) and the fourth oil passage (35) are connected through the third annular groove (24); the sixth oil passage (36) is connected through the fourth annular groove (26), the fifth cavity (27) and the T-port.
5. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the working state of the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device, when the pressure at port A increases, and the pressure is greater than the pressure of the first small spring (5), the hydraulic oil pushes the first one-way valve core (4) until the first one-way valve core (4) contacts the first plug (6), thus connecting the first oil passage (31) and the fifth oil passage (32); when the pressure at port B increases, and the pressure is greater than the pressure of the third small spring (11), the hydraulic oil pushes the third one-way valve core (10) until the third one-way valve core (10) contacts the third plug (12), thus connecting the third oil passage (34) and the fifth oil passage (32).
6. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, When the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device is in operation, oil ports A, B, and Ps are all connected to the tenth oil passage (40), and the hydraulic oil from oil ports A, B, and Ps eventually flows to the tenth oil passage (40) to drive the system to work.
7. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the working state, the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device keeps the Ps port pressure constant and increases the pressure of the ninth oil passage (39). The hydraulic oil enters the inner hole (25) of the valve core through the second annular groove (22) and the valve core through hole (23), pushing the push rod (16) until the push rod (16) contacts the spring seat (18). The pressure of the ninth oil passage (39) is continuously increased. When the sum of the pressure of the ninth oil passage (39) and the pressure of the spring (17) is greater than the Ps port pressure, the hydraulic oil will push the valve core (14) to move towards the pilot screw plug (2) until the valve core (14) contacts the pilot screw plug (2). At this time, the tenth oil passage (40) is disconnected from the A oil port, B oil port and Ps oil port, and the hydraulic oil stops driving the system to work. The hydraulic oil in the system flows through the tenth oil passage (40), through the fourth annular groove (26), the sixth oil passage (36), the seventh oil passage (37), the eighth oil passage (38) and the fifth cavity (27), and finally is discharged through the T oil port.
8. The hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the hydraulic motor reversing automatic control device stops working or the valve core (14) returns to the left position under the high pressure of the ninth oil passage (39), the hydraulic oil in the system needs to flow back to the motor cavity through the throttle screw (13) with damping hole.