Grain low-temperature circulation drying and storing system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grain low-temperature circulation drying and storing system which is used for drying and storing grain oil, seeds and feed and comprises a grain storage device, a low-temperature drying device, a lifting device, a hot air supply device and a dust collecting device, and the grain storage device is vertically arranged on the upper portion of the low-temperature drying device through a connecting piece to form a longitudinal integrated structure. A lifting device is arranged on the side edges of the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device, a hot air inlet used for being connected with a hot air supply device is formed in one side of the low-temperature drying device, an air outlet used for being connected with a dust collecting device is formed in the other side of the low-temperature drying device, and a bottom discharging port is connected with the lifting device through a lower connecting pipeline. According to the circulating drying and storing integrated device, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the land utilization rate is improved, the dust collecting device is started during drying operation, dust generated during drying operation can be collected, meanwhile, damp and hot air in the drying chamber can be discharged in an auxiliary mode, the production efficiency and the drying quality are improved, and the circulating drying and storing integrated device is suitable for being used in grain drying and storing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grain, oil, seed, and feed drying and storage, and in particular to a low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain. Background Technology

[0002] Grain drying and storage are crucial for ensuring food security, improving grain quality, and promoting the sustainable development of the grain industry. my country's four major grain crops—corn, wheat, rice, and soybeans—all have relatively high moisture content after harvest. Under normal circumstances, corn has a moisture content of about 20%, sometimes even reaching 25% to 30%, while the safe moisture content for corn is generally 14%. Rice, in the high-humidity environment of southern China, may have a moisture content of 25% to 30% after harvest, while the safe moisture content for rice is generally 13% to 15%. During the summer and autumn seasons, the safe moisture content for rice should be controlled below 13.5%. At room temperature, wheat can be safely stored for a long time if its moisture content is controlled below 12.5%. The safe moisture content for soybeans is 12.5%. When the moisture content exceeds 13%, soybeans are prone to mold and spoilage. Furthermore, when the external environment is also humid, high-moisture grains are highly susceptible to mold growth during storage, producing mycotoxins, which not only reduce grain quality but also harm human and animal health. Furthermore, grains with high moisture content are prone to breeding and multiplying in storage pests such as rice weevils and grain worms, leading to significant grain losses. The activity of these pests also imparts off-odors and reduces grain quality. The above data indicates that maintaining a safe moisture content within the storage range is a fundamental technical requirement for grain depots, grain and oil processing plants, seed processing plants, and feed processing enterprises.

[0003] Hot air drying is an effective way to quickly reduce the moisture content of grains. In the grain drying field, high-temperature hot air drying towers are technically very mature drying equipment. Wet grains come into direct contact with the material through high-temperature hot air, quickly removing moisture and achieving one-time drying. This method is suitable for large-scale grain drying and has a high degree of automation, but it belongs to large-tonnage drying equipment. Enterprises that use drying towers as grain drying equipment often also need to build vertical silos. This process involves high initial investment, large land area, and high maintenance costs, especially for some small and medium-sized enterprises with limited funds, who often give up due to the high initial investment.

[0004] Low-temperature, slow-speed drying is suitable for small to medium-scale grain drying. Wet grains are fed into the dryer in batches for continuous drying until the moisture content reaches a safe level. While the drying speed is slower, it ensures that hot air penetrates the grain stack evenly and comprehensively, reducing grain breakage, surface cracking, and quality degradation caused by high-temperature oxidation, thus achieving uniform drying. Despite these advantages, low-temperature dryers require installation in a factory building, increasing land investment for construction. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects in the existing technology and provide a low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain. The storage device is built above the low-temperature hot air drying device, which reduces the floor space required, eliminates the need to build a separate drying plant, improves land utilization, and saves investment. The storage device and the drying device are connected by a lifting device to realize the circulating drying of grain with high drying quality.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain includes a grain storage device, a low-temperature drying device, a lifting device, a hot air supply device, and a dust collection device. The grain storage device is vertically installed on the upper part of the low-temperature drying device through a connecting piece to form a longitudinal integrated structure. The lifting device is fixedly connected to the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device on the side by bolts. The low-temperature drying device includes a grain feeding mechanism connected to the lower part of the connecting piece. The grain feeding mechanism is provided with several feeding cones. Below the grain feeding mechanism, a drying chamber, a grain discharge mechanism, and a grain collection hopper are arranged in sequence. One side of the drying chamber is provided with a hot air inlet for connecting to the hot air supply device, and the other side is provided with an air outlet for connecting to the dust collection device. The bottom of the grain collection hopper is provided with a discharge port, and an electric three-way valve is provided on the discharge port. The electric three-way valve is connected to the dried grain inlet at the bottom of the lifting device through a lower connecting pipe.

[0007] In operation, the grain to be dried is fed into the elevator through the wet grain inlet at the bottom of the lifting device, and then transported to the grain storage device. The grain storage device is fixed above the low-temperature drying device by connecting parts. During drying, the grain in the grain storage device falls freely into the low-temperature drying device below, and is then distributed into the drying chamber by several discharge cones. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber is connected to the hot air pipe of the hot air supply device, and continuous low-temperature hot air dries the falling grain. After preliminary drying, the grain is transported from the grain collection hopper to the lifting device through the lower connecting pipe, and then transported to the upper grain storage device by the lifting device. Both the drying device and the grain storage device are equipped with online automatic moisture detection devices to monitor the moisture content of the grain in the drying device and the grain storage device. The drying process can be repeated according to the moisture content. When the moisture content meets the requirements, the grain is discharged to enter the next process. The dusty exhaust gas after drying in the drying chamber is sent to the dust collection device through the air outlet. After the dust settles, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust outlet of the dust removal fan.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0009] First, this utility model places the grain storage device above the drying device and connects them into one unit through connectors, which greatly reduces the floor space occupied and improves land utilization.

[0010] Secondly, when this utility model is in operation, it connects the grain storage and drying devices through the lifting device, which can achieve uniform and cyclical drying of the grain and ensure the quality of the grain.

[0011] Third, this utility model is equipped with a dust collection device, which can collect the dust generated during the drying process to achieve the purpose of purifying the air and ensuring safe production. At the same time, under the action of the fan, it can help to exhaust the hot and humid air in the drying room, thereby improving production efficiency and drying quality.

[0012] Fourth, the device of this utility model has a simple and reliable structure, occupies a small area, saves the construction cost of low temperature drying plant, is easy to realize automated drying and storage, is easy to operate, and is suitable for use in the fields of grain, oil, seed, and feed storage and drying.

[0013] Furthermore, the grain storage device includes a silo top, a silo body, and a silo bottom connected in sequence by bolts. The silo top is a cone shape that gradually expands downwards. A grain inlet is provided at the top of the silo top. The grain inlet is connected to the upper discharge port of the lifting device through an upper connecting pipe. A grain outlet is provided at the bottom of the silo. The silo body is cylindrical and is made of galvanized steel plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the silo body and the discharge port side at the bottom of the grain hopper are also equipped with an online automatic moisture detection device.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a mounting bracket with its bottom fixed to the ground, a bucket elevator that can move up and down along the mounting bracket, and a wet grain inlet at the bottom of the lifting device opposite to the dried grain inlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the hot air supply device includes a hot air furnace, which is connected to the air inlet of the drying fan through a hot air pipe one, and the air outlet of the drying fan is connected to the hot air inlet on one side of the drying chamber through a hot air pipe two. The hot air flow generated by the hot air furnace is transmitted to the drying chamber through the hot air pipe one, the drying fan and the hot air pipe two to continuously dry the grain at low temperature.

[0017] Furthermore, the dust collection device includes a dust collector. One end of the dust collector's air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet on the opposite side of the hot air inlet of the drying chamber, and the other end is connected to a dust collector fan. The dust-laden exhaust gas dried in the drying chamber is transported to the dust collector by the dust collector fan. After the dust settles, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust collector fan.

[0018] Furthermore, the dust collector is a pulse bag filter.

[0019] Furthermore, the grain discharging mechanism includes grain cone plates fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the grain discharging support. A grain discharge channel is formed between two adjacent grain cone plates. A pair of grain discharge systems are formed by grain discharge shafts on both sides below each grain cone plate. Each grain discharge shaft includes a main shaft that is driven by the output shaft of a sprocket. The two main shafts in each pair of grain discharge systems rotate relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. Several blades are welded and fixed around the main shaft in a circumferential direction. Two adjacent blades form a grain storage chamber. The blades are rectangular strips. The grain discharge shafts rotate relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. When the grain storage chamber filled with grain rotates to the position of the grain discharge channel, the grain falls automatically into the grain collection hopper below under the action of gravity.

[0020] Furthermore, the grain collection hopper is conical, with a square interface at the top that matches the bottom of the grain discharging mechanism, and a circular discharge port at the bottom that is fixedly connected to an electric three-way valve via a flange.

[0021] Furthermore, the circular interface at the top of the connector is connected and fixed to the grain outlet at the bottom of the grain storage device, and the square interface at the bottom of the connector is connected and fixed to the grain inlet mechanism at the top of the low-temperature drying device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain storage device of this utility model. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain storage device of this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-temperature drying device of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the grain discharge mechanism of the low-temperature drying device of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sprocket discharge shaft in the grain discharging mechanism.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a top view of the connecting component between the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device in this utility model.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hot air supply device in this utility model.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection device in this utility model.

[0033] In the diagram above, 1 is the grain storage device, 11 is the top of the silo, 12 is the silo body, 13 is the bottom of the silo, 14 is the grain inlet, and 15 is the grain outlet.

[0034] 2 Low-temperature drying device, 21 Grain feeding mechanism, 22 Drying chamber, 23 Grain discharging mechanism, 24 Grain collection hopper, 25 Electric three-way valve, 26 Discharge cone, 27 Bulk material cone plate, 28 Grain discharge channel, 29 Grain discharge shaft, 231 Sprocket, 232 Main shaft, 233 Blade, 234 Grain discharge support.

[0035] 3 Connecting parts, 4 Lifting device, 41 Elevator, 42 Mounting bracket, 43 Dry grain inlet, 44 Wet grain inlet, 45 Top discharge port.

[0036] 5. Hot air supply device; 51. Hot air furnace; 52. Drying fan; 53. Hot air duct one; 54. Hot air duct two.

[0037] 6 Dust collection device, 61 Dust collector, 62 Dust removal fan, 63 Dust duct; 7 Upper connecting pipe, 8 Lower connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0038] like Figures 1-11 The illustrated grain low-temperature circulating drying and storage system includes a grain storage device 1, a low-temperature drying device 2, a lifting device 4, a hot air supply device 5, and a dust collection device 6. The grain storage device 1 is vertically mounted on the upper part of the low-temperature drying device 2 via a connector 3 to form a longitudinal integrated structure. The lifting device 4 is bolted to the sides of the grain storage device 1 and the low-temperature drying device 2. The low-temperature drying device 2 includes a grain feeding mechanism 21 connected to the lower part of the connector 3. The grain feeding mechanism 21 is provided with several feeding cones 26. Below the grain feeding mechanism 21, a drying chamber 22, a grain discharge mechanism 23, and a grain collection hopper 24 are arranged in sequence. The drying chamber 22 has a hot air inlet on one side for connecting to the hot air supply device 5 and an air outlet on the other side for connecting to the dust collection device 6. The bottom of the grain collection hopper 24 has a discharge port, and an electric three-way valve 25 is provided on the discharge port. The electric three-way valve 25 is connected to the dried grain inlet 43 at the bottom of the lifting device 4 via a lower connecting pipe 8.

[0039] The grain storage device 1 includes a silo top 11, a silo body 12, and a silo bottom 13 connected in sequence by bolts. The silo top 11 is a cone shape that gradually expands downwards. A grain inlet 14 is provided at the top of the silo top 11. The grain inlet 14 is connected to the upper discharge port 45 of the lifting device 4 through an upper connecting pipe 7. The silo bottom 13 is provided with a grain outlet 15. The silo body 12 is cylindrical and is made of galvanized steel plate.

[0040] An online automatic moisture detection device is also installed inside the silo 12 and at the discharge port at the bottom of the grain collection hopper 24.

[0041] The lifting device 4 includes a mounting bracket 42 with its bottom fixed on the ground. The mounting bracket 42 is equipped with a bucket elevator 41 that can move up and down along the mounting bracket 42. At the bottom of the lifting device 4, opposite to the dry grain inlet 43, there is also a wet grain inlet 44.

[0042] The hot air supply device 5 includes a hot air furnace 51. The hot air furnace 51 is connected to the air inlet of the drying fan 52 through a hot air pipe 53. The air outlet of the drying fan 52 is connected to the hot air inlet on one side of the drying chamber 22 through a hot air pipe 54. The hot air flow generated by the hot air furnace 51 is transmitted to the drying chamber 22 through the hot air pipe 53, the drying fan 52 and the hot air pipe 54 to continuously dry the grain at low temperature.

[0043] The dust collection device 6 includes a dust collector 61. One end of the duct 63 of the dust collector 61 is connected to the air outlet on the opposite side of the hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22, and the other end is connected to the dust collector fan 62. The dust-laden exhaust gas dried in the drying chamber is transported to the dust collector 61 by the dust collector fan 62. After dust removal and dust settling, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust collector fan 62. The dust collector 61 is a pulse bag dust collector.

[0044] The grain discharging mechanism 23 includes grain cone plates 27 fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the grain discharging support 234. Adjacent grain cone plates 27 form a grain discharge channel 28. Each grain cone plate 27 has a discharge shaft 29 on both sides below it. The discharge shaft 29 includes a main shaft 232 that is driven by the output shaft of a sprocket 231. Several blades 233 are arranged circumferentially around the main shaft 232. Adjacent blades 233 form a grain storage chamber. The discharge shaft 29 rotates under the drive of the sprocket 231. When the grain storage chamber, filled with grain, rotates to the position of the grain discharge channel 28, the grain is subjected to gravity. The grain automatically falls into the lower grain collection hopper 24. The grain collection hopper 24 is conical, with a square interface at the top that matches the bottom of the grain discharge mechanism 23. The circular discharge port at the bottom is fixedly connected to the electric three-way valve 25 via a flange. Before the first drying operation, the electric three-way valve 25 at the bottom of the grain discharge mechanism 23 is closed, and the grain discharge mechanism 23 is in the closed state. Grain to be dried is first added to the elevator 41 through the wet grain inlet 44 of the lifting device 4. The grain is then conveyed upward through the lifting device 4 to the grain storage device 1 until the entire grain storage device 1 and drying chamber 2 are filled.

[0045] The circular interface at the top of the connector 3 is connected and fixed to the grain outlet 15 at the bottom of the grain storage device 1, and the square interface at the bottom of the connector 3 is connected and fixed to the grain inlet mechanism 21 at the top of the low-temperature drying device 2.

[0046] In operation, the grain to be dried is fed into the elevator 41 through the wet grain inlet 44 at the bottom of the lifting device 4, and then transported to the grain storage device 1 by the lifting device 4. The mounting bracket 41 of the lifting device 4 is equipped with a drive motor and a chain or belt connected to the drive motor. The bucket elevator 41 is fixed on the chain or belt and moves up and down under the drive of the drive motor, transporting the bucket elevator containing the grain to be dried to a high position. After passing over the top wheel, it flips over (the working process of the bucket elevator has been described in many existing technologies, and is only briefly described here). The grain is then poured into the upper discharge port 45 of the lifting device 4 and enters the silo 12 of the grain storage device through the upper connecting pipe 7. The grain storage device 1 is installed and fixed above the low-temperature drying device 2 by the connecting piece 3. During drying, the grain in the grain storage device 1 falls freely into the low-temperature drying device 2 below, and is distributed into the drying chamber 22 by several discharge cones 26. The hot air inlet and hot air supply device of the drying chamber 22 are connected to the drying chamber 22. The hot air pipes 5 and 54 are connected, and the continuous low-temperature hot air dries the falling grain. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22 is located above the grain outlet 15 at the bottom of the grain storage device 1. The dust-laden exhaust gas outlet is located on the upper part of the drying chamber opposite to the hot air inlet, so that the hot airflow forms a top-down ventilation trajectory in the drying chamber 22. The hot airflow above the drying chamber 22 has a low temperature and high moisture content, while the hot airflow below has a high temperature and low moisture content. The low-temperature, high-moisture hot airflow above contacts the low-temperature, high-moisture grain, and the high-temperature, low-moisture hot airflow below contacts the high-temperature, low-moisture grain. The grain falling into the drying chamber 22 has a thin upper layer and a thick lower layer, which can achieve a uniform and stable cooling and drying process, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of cracking, breaking and crumbling after the surface moisture of the grain drops suddenly, and ensuring the drying quality. During the drying process, the temperature of the hot airflow generated by the hot air supply device 5 is controlled at 40~60℃, which realizes low-temperature drying of the grain, avoids damage to the appearance and nutrition of the grain by high temperature, and improves the drying quality.

[0047] Both the low-temperature drying unit 2 and the grain storage unit 1 are equipped with online automatic moisture detection devices. These devices are connected to an external control console via circuitry to monitor the moisture content of the grain in both units. The drying process is repeated based on the moisture content, and the grain is discharged only after the moisture content meets the requirements for the next stage. Grain that does not meet the initial moisture requirements after drying is transported from the grain collection hopper 24 through the lower connecting pipe 8 to the drying inlet 43, then into the lifting device 4. The lifting machine 41 then transports the grain to the upper grain storage unit 1 for repeated drying. The dust-laden exhaust gas from the drying chamber 22 is transported to the dust collection device 6 through the outlet. After being treated by the pulse bag filter 61, the dust settles, and clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust collector fan 62. The dust collection device 6 operates simultaneously with the hot air furnace to collect the dust and exhaust gas generated during the grain drying process.

[0048] This invention places the grain storage device above the drying device and connects them into one unit through connectors, which greatly reduces the floor space and improves land utilization. By connecting the grain storage and drying devices through the lifting device, uniform and cyclical drying of grain can be achieved, ensuring grain quality. The dust collection device is activated during the drying operation to collect the dust generated during the drying operation, achieving the purpose of purifying the air and ensuring safe production. At the same time, the fan can help to exhaust the hot and humid air in the drying chamber, improving production efficiency and drying quality. The integrated circulating drying and storage device of this invention has a simple and reliable structure, is easy to implement, and is suitable for use in the fields of grain, oil, seed, and feed storage and drying.

[0049] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain, comprising a grain storage device, a low-temperature drying device, a lifting device, a hot air supply device, and a dust collection device, characterized in that: The grain storage device is vertically mounted on the upper part of the low-temperature drying device via a connector to form a longitudinal integrated structure. The lifting device is fixedly connected to the side of the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device by bolts. The low-temperature drying device includes a grain feeding mechanism connected to the lower part of the connector. The grain feeding mechanism is provided with several feeding cones. Below the grain feeding mechanism, a drying chamber, a grain discharging mechanism, and a grain collecting hopper are arranged in sequence. One side of the drying chamber is provided with a hot air inlet for connecting to a hot air supply device, and the other side is provided with an air outlet for connecting to a dust collection device. The bottom of the grain collecting hopper is provided with a discharge port, and an electric three-way valve is provided on the discharge port. The electric three-way valve is connected to the dried grain inlet at the bottom of the lifting device through a lower connecting pipe.

2. The grain low-temperature circulating drying and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain storage device includes a silo top, a silo body, and a silo bottom connected in sequence by bolts. The silo top is a cone shape that gradually widens downwards. A grain inlet is provided at the top of the silo top. The grain inlet is connected to the upper discharge port of the lifting device through an upper connecting pipe. A grain outlet is provided at the bottom of the silo. The silo body is cylindrical and is made of galvanized steel plate.

3. The grain low-temperature circulating drying and storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The silo body and the discharge port at the bottom of the grain hopper are also equipped with an online automatic moisture detection device.

4. The grain low-temperature circulating drying and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device includes a mounting bracket with its bottom fixed to the ground. A bucket elevator that can move up and down along the mounting bracket is provided on the mounting bracket. A wet grain inlet is also provided at the bottom of the lifting device, opposite to the dried grain inlet.

5. A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air supply device includes a hot air furnace, which is connected to the air inlet of the drying fan through a hot air pipe one. The air outlet of the drying fan is connected to the hot air inlet on one side of the drying chamber through a hot air pipe two. The hot air flow generated by the hot air furnace is transmitted to the drying chamber through the hot air pipe one, the drying fan and the hot air pipe two to continuously dry the grain at low temperature.

6. The grain low-temperature circulating drying and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection device includes a dust collector. One end of the dust collector's air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet on the opposite side of the hot air inlet of the drying chamber, and the other end is connected to a dust collector fan. The dust-laden exhaust gas in the drying chamber after drying is transported to the dust collector by the dust collector fan. After the dust settles, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust collector fan.

7. A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dust collector is a pulse jet bag filter.

8. A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain discharging mechanism includes grain cone plates fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the grain discharging support. A grain discharge channel is formed between two adjacent grain cone plates. A pair of grain discharge systems are formed by grain discharge shafts on both sides below each grain cone plate. Each grain discharge shaft includes a main shaft that is driven by the output shaft of a sprocket. The two main shafts in each pair of grain discharge systems rotate relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. Several blades are welded and fixed around the main shaft. Two adjacent blades form a grain storage chamber. The blades are rectangular strips. The grain discharge shafts rotate relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. When the grain storage chamber filled with grain rotates to the position of the grain discharge channel, the grain falls automatically into the grain collection hopper below under the action of gravity.

9. A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain according to claim 8, characterized in that: The grain collection hopper is conical, with a square interface at the top that matches the bottom of the grain discharge mechanism, and a circular discharge port at the bottom that is fixedly connected to an electric three-way valve via a flange.

10. A low-temperature circulating drying and storage system for grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular interface at the top of the connector is connected and fixed to the grain outlet at the bottom of the grain storage device, and the square interface at the bottom of the connector is connected and fixed to the grain inlet mechanism at the top of the low-temperature drying device.

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